Mechanisms underlying firing in healthy and sick human motoneurons
Since the latter half of the twentieth century an enormous amount of knowledge about mammalian motoneuron pools has been collected. This progress was enabled mostly by the development of the precise techniques of intracellular recordings in acute animal experiments, many of which were conducted unde...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Annie Schmied [verfasserIn] Parveen N S Bawa [verfasserIn] Maria Piotrkiewicz [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Book |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar: Frontiers Media SA ; 2015 |
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| Rechteinformationen: |
Open Access Creative Commons ; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
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| Umfang: |
1 Online-Ressource (134 p.) |
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| Reihe: |
Frontiers Research Topics |
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| Links: | |
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| ISBN: |
978-2-88919-592-3 |
| Katalog-ID: |
1778623166 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Mechanisms underlying firing in healthy and sick human motoneurons |
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| 520 | |a Since the latter half of the twentieth century an enormous amount of knowledge about mammalian motoneuron pools has been collected. This progress was enabled mostly by the development of the precise techniques of intracellular recordings in acute animal experiments, many of which were conducted under deep anaesthesia. Recently obtained evidence indicates that anaesthetics used at that times changed certain properties of the cell membrane, which might affect firing of the neuron. Experiments on normal humans gets around this problem, which lets one compare MN firing characteristics in humans and reduced preparations. Firing pattern of human motoneurons is obtained indirectly by recording from a few muscle fibres of a motor unit. Since there is one-to-one relationship between motor unit and motoneuron firing, the statistical analysis of motor unit firing is equivalent to the analysis of motoneuron firing. This analysis, based on the essential knowledge about motoneuron physiology, gained from the direct measurements in animal experiments and verified by computer simulations, allows one to draw conclusions about the physiological properties of human motoneurons. For obvious reasons, the deductions made on properties of human motoneuron from these analyses should be accepted with caution. On the other hand, human experiments provide the unique opportunity to study intact motoneurons during normal physiological behavior. Thus, combining information obtained from animal and human experiments, and computer simulations, gives insight into underexplored problems of motor control. This E-book contains a collection of articles with range of exciting findings on the physiology and pathology of human motoneurons. The collection covers such important issues concerning firing of healthy motoneurons as recruitment and rate coding as well as motoneuron excitability, discusses intrinsic motoneuron properties disclosed by studying double discharges, and provides information on broad spectrum of motoneuron pathology. It is our hope that this collection promotes further expansion of knowledge on human motoneurons | ||
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9782889195923 978-2-88919-592-3 20.500.12854/52951 hdl (DE-627)1778623166 (DE-599)KEP069626790 (OCoLC)1002875086 (DOAB)52951 (EBP)069626790 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Annie Schmied verfasserin aut Mechanisms underlying firing in healthy and sick human motoneurons [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] Frontiers Media SA 2015 1 Online-Ressource (134 p.) Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Frontiers Research Topics Open Access Unrestricted online access star Since the latter half of the twentieth century an enormous amount of knowledge about mammalian motoneuron pools has been collected. This progress was enabled mostly by the development of the precise techniques of intracellular recordings in acute animal experiments, many of which were conducted under deep anaesthesia. Recently obtained evidence indicates that anaesthetics used at that times changed certain properties of the cell membrane, which might affect firing of the neuron. Experiments on normal humans gets around this problem, which lets one compare MN firing characteristics in humans and reduced preparations. Firing pattern of human motoneurons is obtained indirectly by recording from a few muscle fibres of a motor unit. Since there is one-to-one relationship between motor unit and motoneuron firing, the statistical analysis of motor unit firing is equivalent to the analysis of motoneuron firing. This analysis, based on the essential knowledge about motoneuron physiology, gained from the direct measurements in animal experiments and verified by computer simulations, allows one to draw conclusions about the physiological properties of human motoneurons. For obvious reasons, the deductions made on properties of human motoneuron from these analyses should be accepted with caution. On the other hand, human experiments provide the unique opportunity to study intact motoneurons during normal physiological behavior. Thus, combining information obtained from animal and human experiments, and computer simulations, gives insight into underexplored problems of motor control. This E-book contains a collection of articles with range of exciting findings on the physiology and pathology of human motoneurons. The collection covers such important issues concerning firing of healthy motoneurons as recruitment and rate coding as well as motoneuron excitability, discusses intrinsic motoneuron properties disclosed by studying double discharges, and provides information on broad spectrum of motoneuron pathology. It is our hope that this collection promotes further expansion of knowledge on human motoneurons Creative Commons https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 cc English Parveen N S Bawa verfasserin aut Maria Piotrkiewicz verfasserin aut https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 X:DOAB Verlag kostenfrei ZDB-94-OAB GBV_ILN_11 ISIL_DE-1a SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_20 ISIL_DE-84 GBV_ILN_22 ISIL_DE-18 GBV_ILN_23 ISIL_DE-830 GBV_ILN_24 ISIL_DE-8 GBV_ILN_30 ISIL_DE-104 GBV_ILN_31 ISIL_DE-27 GBV_ILN_39 ISIL_DE-547 GBV_ILN_40 ISIL_DE-7 GBV_ILN_60 ISIL_DE-705 GBV_ILN_63 ISIL_DE-Wim2 GBV_ILN_65 ISIL_DE-3 GBV_ILN_70 ISIL_DE-89 GBV_ILN_72 ISIL_DE-35 GBV_ILN_90 ISIL_DE-Hil2 GBV_ILN_91 ISIL_DE-HIL3 GBV_ILN_92 ISIL_DE-33 GBV_ILN_95 ISIL_DE-542 GBV_ILN_105 ISIL_DE-841 GBV_ILN_110 ISIL_DE-Luen4 GBV_ILN_120 ISIL_DE-715 GBV_ILN_130 ISIL_DE-700 GBV_ILN_131 ISIL_DE-Va1 GBV_ILN_132 ISIL_DE-959 GBV_ILN_136 ISIL_DE-Wis1 GBV_ILN_147 ISIL_DE-Fl3 GBV_ILN_161 ISIL_DE-960 GBV_ILN_213 ISIL_DE-551 GBV_ILN_230 ISIL_DE-552 GBV_ILN_283 ISIL_DE-Ha163 GBV_ILN_285 ISIL_DE-517 GBV_ILN_293 ISIL_DE-960-3 GBV_ILN_370 ISIL_DE-1373 GBV_ILN_635 ISIL_DE-B2138 GBV_ILN_808 GBV_ILN_2011 ISIL_DE-16 GBV_ILN_2014 ISIL_DE-90 GBV_ILN_2018 ISIL_DE-31 GBV_ILN_2034 ISIL_DE-Rt2 GBV_ILN_2037 ISIL_DE-747 GBV_ILN_2050 ISIL_DE-Zi4 GBV_ILN_2108 ISIL_DE-991 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER BO 11 01 0001 4023185655 00 5:LIZFREI --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- k 20-12-21 20 01 0084 401214880X OLR-DOAB z 02-12-21 22 01 0018 4006241895 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books zu 25-11-21 23 01 0830 4006758146 olr-doab f z 25-11-21 24 01 0008 4060473723 OLR-doab z 16-02-22 30 01 0104 4103337443 OLR-OAB Open Access, Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB) z 27-03-22 31 01 0027 4052591178 OLR-DOAB z 07-02-22 39 01 0547 410724704X OLR-ZDB-94-OAB ke 30-03-22 40 01 0007 4011713473 OLR-DOAB xsn 01-12-21 60 01 0705 4276063426 OPENAccess Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Keine Weitergabe an Dritte. Kein systematisches Downloaden durch Robots. 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9782889195923 978-2-88919-592-3 20.500.12854/52951 hdl (DE-627)1778623166 (DE-599)KEP069626790 (OCoLC)1002875086 (DOAB)52951 (EBP)069626790 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Annie Schmied verfasserin aut Mechanisms underlying firing in healthy and sick human motoneurons [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] Frontiers Media SA 2015 1 Online-Ressource (134 p.) Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Frontiers Research Topics Open Access Unrestricted online access star Since the latter half of the twentieth century an enormous amount of knowledge about mammalian motoneuron pools has been collected. This progress was enabled mostly by the development of the precise techniques of intracellular recordings in acute animal experiments, many of which were conducted under deep anaesthesia. Recently obtained evidence indicates that anaesthetics used at that times changed certain properties of the cell membrane, which might affect firing of the neuron. Experiments on normal humans gets around this problem, which lets one compare MN firing characteristics in humans and reduced preparations. Firing pattern of human motoneurons is obtained indirectly by recording from a few muscle fibres of a motor unit. Since there is one-to-one relationship between motor unit and motoneuron firing, the statistical analysis of motor unit firing is equivalent to the analysis of motoneuron firing. This analysis, based on the essential knowledge about motoneuron physiology, gained from the direct measurements in animal experiments and verified by computer simulations, allows one to draw conclusions about the physiological properties of human motoneurons. For obvious reasons, the deductions made on properties of human motoneuron from these analyses should be accepted with caution. On the other hand, human experiments provide the unique opportunity to study intact motoneurons during normal physiological behavior. Thus, combining information obtained from animal and human experiments, and computer simulations, gives insight into underexplored problems of motor control. This E-book contains a collection of articles with range of exciting findings on the physiology and pathology of human motoneurons. The collection covers such important issues concerning firing of healthy motoneurons as recruitment and rate coding as well as motoneuron excitability, discusses intrinsic motoneuron properties disclosed by studying double discharges, and provides information on broad spectrum of motoneuron pathology. It is our hope that this collection promotes further expansion of knowledge on human motoneurons Creative Commons https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 cc English Parveen N S Bawa verfasserin aut Maria Piotrkiewicz verfasserin aut https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 X:DOAB Verlag kostenfrei ZDB-94-OAB GBV_ILN_11 ISIL_DE-1a SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_20 ISIL_DE-84 GBV_ILN_22 ISIL_DE-18 GBV_ILN_23 ISIL_DE-830 GBV_ILN_24 ISIL_DE-8 GBV_ILN_30 ISIL_DE-104 GBV_ILN_31 ISIL_DE-27 GBV_ILN_39 ISIL_DE-547 GBV_ILN_40 ISIL_DE-7 GBV_ILN_60 ISIL_DE-705 GBV_ILN_63 ISIL_DE-Wim2 GBV_ILN_65 ISIL_DE-3 GBV_ILN_70 ISIL_DE-89 GBV_ILN_72 ISIL_DE-35 GBV_ILN_90 ISIL_DE-Hil2 GBV_ILN_91 ISIL_DE-HIL3 GBV_ILN_92 ISIL_DE-33 GBV_ILN_95 ISIL_DE-542 GBV_ILN_105 ISIL_DE-841 GBV_ILN_110 ISIL_DE-Luen4 GBV_ILN_120 ISIL_DE-715 GBV_ILN_130 ISIL_DE-700 GBV_ILN_131 ISIL_DE-Va1 GBV_ILN_132 ISIL_DE-959 GBV_ILN_136 ISIL_DE-Wis1 GBV_ILN_147 ISIL_DE-Fl3 GBV_ILN_161 ISIL_DE-960 GBV_ILN_213 ISIL_DE-551 GBV_ILN_230 ISIL_DE-552 GBV_ILN_283 ISIL_DE-Ha163 GBV_ILN_285 ISIL_DE-517 GBV_ILN_293 ISIL_DE-960-3 GBV_ILN_370 ISIL_DE-1373 GBV_ILN_635 ISIL_DE-B2138 GBV_ILN_808 GBV_ILN_2011 ISIL_DE-16 GBV_ILN_2014 ISIL_DE-90 GBV_ILN_2018 ISIL_DE-31 GBV_ILN_2034 ISIL_DE-Rt2 GBV_ILN_2037 ISIL_DE-747 GBV_ILN_2050 ISIL_DE-Zi4 GBV_ILN_2108 ISIL_DE-991 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER BO 11 01 0001 4023185655 00 5:LIZFREI --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- k 20-12-21 20 01 0084 401214880X OLR-DOAB z 02-12-21 22 01 0018 4006241895 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books zu 25-11-21 23 01 0830 4006758146 olr-doab f z 25-11-21 24 01 0008 4060473723 OLR-doab z 16-02-22 30 01 0104 4103337443 OLR-OAB Open Access, Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB) z 27-03-22 31 01 0027 4052591178 OLR-DOAB z 07-02-22 39 01 0547 410724704X OLR-ZDB-94-OAB ke 30-03-22 40 01 0007 4011713473 OLR-DOAB xsn 01-12-21 60 01 0705 4276063426 OPENAccess Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Keine Weitergabe an Dritte. Kein systematisches Downloaden durch Robots. Nur für Angehörige der HSU: Volltextzugang von außerhalb des Campus mit Anmeldung über Shibboleth mit Ihrer Bibliothekskennung z 24-02-23 63 01 3401 4104970794 E-Books LF GBV-DOAB z 29-03-22 65 01 0003 4110843804 OLR-DOAB Nach dem deutschen Urheberrecht darf das Werk bzw. der Inhalt zum eigenen Gebrauch kostenfrei heruntergeladen, konsumiert, gespeichert oder ausgedruckt, nicht jedoch im Internet bereitgestellt oder an Außenstehende weitergegeben werden! z 02-04-22 70 01 0089 4006498497 OLR-DOAB-OA DOAB Directory of Open Access Books z 25-11-21 72 01 0035 4105559168 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books z 29-03-22 90 01 3090 4107537560 OLR-HILoapen z 30-03-22 91 01 3091 401146533X OLR-DOAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books z 01-12-21 92 01 0033 4108771699 OLR-Open Access DOAB Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. Das Ebook ist frei zugänglich. z 31-03-22 95 01 3095 434233139X OLR-OAB Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 23-06-23 105 01 0841 4007219478 OLR-OAB Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 25-11-21 110 01 3110 4031290918 OLR-DOAB Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. 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Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 02-05-22 161 01 0960 4151715347 OLR-DOAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books z 17-06-22 213 01 0551 4109779340 OLR-DOAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books z 01-04-22 230 01 0552 4123599699 OLR-DOAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books z 27-04-22 283 01 3283 415762579X Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 28-06-22 285 01 0517 4050407582 OLR-DOAB z 03-02-22 293 01 3293 4153820652 OLR-DOAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books z 21-06-22 370 01 4370 4126337555 OLR-FREE Kostenloser Zugriff z 29-04-22 635 01 3635 4509993242 OLR-DOAB Open Access. Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 11-04-24 808 01 4808 4158770661 OLR-DOAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books zg 29-06-22 2011 01 DE-16 4022643862 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- l01 18-12-21 2014 01 DE-90 4010912065 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- l01 01-12-21 2018 01 DE-31 403327023X 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- n Der Zugriff ist kostenfrei möglich. l01 11-01-22 2034 01 DE-Rt2 4013908484 00 --%%-- eBook n n frei zugänglich l01 04-12-21 2037 01 DE-747 4346850677 00 --%%-- eBook OAPEN Foundation OpenAccess --%%-- n Im Internet frei verfügbar l01 02-07-23 2050 01 DE-Zi4 4091426565 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- n Elektronischer Volltext - Open Access l01 16-03-22 2108 01 DE-991 4096575178 00 --%%-- eBook DOAB --%%-- n Elektronischer Volltext - Campuslizenz l01 19-03-22 2403 01 DE-LFER 4019282919 00 --%%-- --%%-- n --%%-- l01 12-12-21 20 01 0084 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 22 01 0018 Volltextzugang https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 23 01 0830 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 24 01 0008 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 30 01 0104 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 31 01 0027 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 40 01 0007 Volltext, Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 60 01 0705 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 63 01 3401 E-Book https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 65 01 0003 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 65 01 0003 Dieser Titel ist Teil einer Datenbank http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/dbinfo/detail.php?titel_id=11367&bib_id=ulb_hal 70 01 0089 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 72 01 0035 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 90 01 3090 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 91 01 3091 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 92 01 0033 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 95 01 3095 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 105 01 0841 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 110 01 3110 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 120 01 0715 http://49gbv-uob-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/49GBV_UOB/UOB_services_page?u.ignore_date_coverage=true&rft.mms_id=991015558105803501 130 01 0700 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 131 01 3131 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 132 01 0959 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 136 01 3526 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 147 01 3528 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 161 01 0960 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 LF 213 01 0551 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 230 01 0552 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 283 01 3283 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 285 01 0517 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 293 01 3293 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 LF 370 01 4370 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 635 01 3635 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 808 01 4808 Volltextzugang https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2011 01 DE-16 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2014 01 DE-90 Volltext frei verfügbar https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2034 01 DE-Rt2 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2037 01 DE-747 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2050 01 DE-Zi4 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2108 01 DE-991 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2403 01 DE-LFER https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 31 01 0027 00 E-Book Open Access 132 01 0959 00 EBooks DOAB Open Access 20 01 0084 OLR-DOAB 22 01 0018 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB 23 01 0830 olr-doab 24 01 0008 OLR-doab 24 01 0008 olr-frei 30 01 0104 OLR-OAB 31 01 0027 OLR-DOAB 39 01 0547 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB 39 01 0547 LF 40 01 0007 OLR-DOAB 60 01 0705 OPENAccess 63 01 3401 E-Books LF GBV-DOAB 65 01 0003 OLR-DOAB 70 01 0089 OLR-DOAB-OA 72 01 0035 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB 90 01 3090 OLR-HILoapen 91 01 3091 OLR-DOAB 92 01 0033 OLR-Open Access DOAB 95 01 3095 OLR-OAB 105 01 0841 OLR-OAB 110 01 3110 OLR-DOAB 120 01 0715 alma 130 01 0700 OLR-DOAB 131 01 3131 OLR-OA-DOAB 132 01 0959 OLR-OAB 136 01 3526 OLR-DOAB 147 01 3528 OLR-DOAB 161 01 0960 OLR-DOAB 213 01 0551 OLR-DOAB 230 01 0552 OLR-DOAB 285 01 0517 OLR-DOAB 293 01 3293 OLR-DOAB 370 01 4370 OLR-FREE 370 01 4370 olr-ebook ZDB-94-OAB 635 01 3635 OLR-DOAB 808 01 4808 OLR-DOAB |
| allfields_unstemmed |
9782889195923 978-2-88919-592-3 20.500.12854/52951 hdl (DE-627)1778623166 (DE-599)KEP069626790 (OCoLC)1002875086 (DOAB)52951 (EBP)069626790 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Annie Schmied verfasserin aut Mechanisms underlying firing in healthy and sick human motoneurons [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] Frontiers Media SA 2015 1 Online-Ressource (134 p.) Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Frontiers Research Topics Open Access Unrestricted online access star Since the latter half of the twentieth century an enormous amount of knowledge about mammalian motoneuron pools has been collected. This progress was enabled mostly by the development of the precise techniques of intracellular recordings in acute animal experiments, many of which were conducted under deep anaesthesia. Recently obtained evidence indicates that anaesthetics used at that times changed certain properties of the cell membrane, which might affect firing of the neuron. Experiments on normal humans gets around this problem, which lets one compare MN firing characteristics in humans and reduced preparations. Firing pattern of human motoneurons is obtained indirectly by recording from a few muscle fibres of a motor unit. Since there is one-to-one relationship between motor unit and motoneuron firing, the statistical analysis of motor unit firing is equivalent to the analysis of motoneuron firing. This analysis, based on the essential knowledge about motoneuron physiology, gained from the direct measurements in animal experiments and verified by computer simulations, allows one to draw conclusions about the physiological properties of human motoneurons. For obvious reasons, the deductions made on properties of human motoneuron from these analyses should be accepted with caution. On the other hand, human experiments provide the unique opportunity to study intact motoneurons during normal physiological behavior. Thus, combining information obtained from animal and human experiments, and computer simulations, gives insight into underexplored problems of motor control. This E-book contains a collection of articles with range of exciting findings on the physiology and pathology of human motoneurons. The collection covers such important issues concerning firing of healthy motoneurons as recruitment and rate coding as well as motoneuron excitability, discusses intrinsic motoneuron properties disclosed by studying double discharges, and provides information on broad spectrum of motoneuron pathology. It is our hope that this collection promotes further expansion of knowledge on human motoneurons Creative Commons https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 cc English Parveen N S Bawa verfasserin aut Maria Piotrkiewicz verfasserin aut https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 X:DOAB Verlag kostenfrei ZDB-94-OAB GBV_ILN_11 ISIL_DE-1a SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_20 ISIL_DE-84 GBV_ILN_22 ISIL_DE-18 GBV_ILN_23 ISIL_DE-830 GBV_ILN_24 ISIL_DE-8 GBV_ILN_30 ISIL_DE-104 GBV_ILN_31 ISIL_DE-27 GBV_ILN_39 ISIL_DE-547 GBV_ILN_40 ISIL_DE-7 GBV_ILN_60 ISIL_DE-705 GBV_ILN_63 ISIL_DE-Wim2 GBV_ILN_65 ISIL_DE-3 GBV_ILN_70 ISIL_DE-89 GBV_ILN_72 ISIL_DE-35 GBV_ILN_90 ISIL_DE-Hil2 GBV_ILN_91 ISIL_DE-HIL3 GBV_ILN_92 ISIL_DE-33 GBV_ILN_95 ISIL_DE-542 GBV_ILN_105 ISIL_DE-841 GBV_ILN_110 ISIL_DE-Luen4 GBV_ILN_120 ISIL_DE-715 GBV_ILN_130 ISIL_DE-700 GBV_ILN_131 ISIL_DE-Va1 GBV_ILN_132 ISIL_DE-959 GBV_ILN_136 ISIL_DE-Wis1 GBV_ILN_147 ISIL_DE-Fl3 GBV_ILN_161 ISIL_DE-960 GBV_ILN_213 ISIL_DE-551 GBV_ILN_230 ISIL_DE-552 GBV_ILN_283 ISIL_DE-Ha163 GBV_ILN_285 ISIL_DE-517 GBV_ILN_293 ISIL_DE-960-3 GBV_ILN_370 ISIL_DE-1373 GBV_ILN_635 ISIL_DE-B2138 GBV_ILN_808 GBV_ILN_2011 ISIL_DE-16 GBV_ILN_2014 ISIL_DE-90 GBV_ILN_2018 ISIL_DE-31 GBV_ILN_2034 ISIL_DE-Rt2 GBV_ILN_2037 ISIL_DE-747 GBV_ILN_2050 ISIL_DE-Zi4 GBV_ILN_2108 ISIL_DE-991 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER BO 11 01 0001 4023185655 00 5:LIZFREI --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- k 20-12-21 20 01 0084 401214880X OLR-DOAB z 02-12-21 22 01 0018 4006241895 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books zu 25-11-21 23 01 0830 4006758146 olr-doab f z 25-11-21 24 01 0008 4060473723 OLR-doab z 16-02-22 30 01 0104 4103337443 OLR-OAB Open Access, Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB) z 27-03-22 31 01 0027 4052591178 OLR-DOAB z 07-02-22 39 01 0547 410724704X OLR-ZDB-94-OAB ke 30-03-22 40 01 0007 4011713473 OLR-DOAB xsn 01-12-21 60 01 0705 4276063426 OPENAccess Vervielfältigungen (z.B. 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Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 11-04-24 808 01 4808 4158770661 OLR-DOAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books zg 29-06-22 2011 01 DE-16 4022643862 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- l01 18-12-21 2014 01 DE-90 4010912065 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- l01 01-12-21 2018 01 DE-31 403327023X 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- n Der Zugriff ist kostenfrei möglich. l01 11-01-22 2034 01 DE-Rt2 4013908484 00 --%%-- eBook n n frei zugänglich l01 04-12-21 2037 01 DE-747 4346850677 00 --%%-- eBook OAPEN Foundation OpenAccess --%%-- n Im Internet frei verfügbar l01 02-07-23 2050 01 DE-Zi4 4091426565 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- n Elektronischer Volltext - Open Access l01 16-03-22 2108 01 DE-991 4096575178 00 --%%-- eBook DOAB --%%-- n Elektronischer Volltext - Campuslizenz l01 19-03-22 2403 01 DE-LFER 4019282919 00 --%%-- --%%-- n --%%-- l01 12-12-21 20 01 0084 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 22 01 0018 Volltextzugang https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 23 01 0830 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 24 01 0008 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 30 01 0104 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 31 01 0027 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 40 01 0007 Volltext, Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 60 01 0705 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 63 01 3401 E-Book https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 65 01 0003 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 65 01 0003 Dieser Titel ist Teil einer Datenbank http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/dbinfo/detail.php?titel_id=11367&bib_id=ulb_hal 70 01 0089 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 72 01 0035 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 90 01 3090 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 91 01 3091 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 92 01 0033 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 95 01 3095 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 105 01 0841 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 110 01 3110 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 120 01 0715 http://49gbv-uob-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/49GBV_UOB/UOB_services_page?u.ignore_date_coverage=true&rft.mms_id=991015558105803501 130 01 0700 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 131 01 3131 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 132 01 0959 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 136 01 3526 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 147 01 3528 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 161 01 0960 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 LF 213 01 0551 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 230 01 0552 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 283 01 3283 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 285 01 0517 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 293 01 3293 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 LF 370 01 4370 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 635 01 3635 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 808 01 4808 Volltextzugang https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2011 01 DE-16 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2014 01 DE-90 Volltext frei verfügbar https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2034 01 DE-Rt2 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2037 01 DE-747 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2050 01 DE-Zi4 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2108 01 DE-991 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2403 01 DE-LFER https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 31 01 0027 00 E-Book Open Access 132 01 0959 00 EBooks DOAB Open Access 20 01 0084 OLR-DOAB 22 01 0018 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB 23 01 0830 olr-doab 24 01 0008 OLR-doab 24 01 0008 olr-frei 30 01 0104 OLR-OAB 31 01 0027 OLR-DOAB 39 01 0547 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB 39 01 0547 LF 40 01 0007 OLR-DOAB 60 01 0705 OPENAccess 63 01 3401 E-Books LF GBV-DOAB 65 01 0003 OLR-DOAB 70 01 0089 OLR-DOAB-OA 72 01 0035 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB 90 01 3090 OLR-HILoapen 91 01 3091 OLR-DOAB 92 01 0033 OLR-Open Access DOAB 95 01 3095 OLR-OAB 105 01 0841 OLR-OAB 110 01 3110 OLR-DOAB 120 01 0715 alma 130 01 0700 OLR-DOAB 131 01 3131 OLR-OA-DOAB 132 01 0959 OLR-OAB 136 01 3526 OLR-DOAB 147 01 3528 OLR-DOAB 161 01 0960 OLR-DOAB 213 01 0551 OLR-DOAB 230 01 0552 OLR-DOAB 285 01 0517 OLR-DOAB 293 01 3293 OLR-DOAB 370 01 4370 OLR-FREE 370 01 4370 olr-ebook ZDB-94-OAB 635 01 3635 OLR-DOAB 808 01 4808 OLR-DOAB |
| allfieldsGer |
9782889195923 978-2-88919-592-3 20.500.12854/52951 hdl (DE-627)1778623166 (DE-599)KEP069626790 (OCoLC)1002875086 (DOAB)52951 (EBP)069626790 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Annie Schmied verfasserin aut Mechanisms underlying firing in healthy and sick human motoneurons [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] Frontiers Media SA 2015 1 Online-Ressource (134 p.) Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Frontiers Research Topics Open Access Unrestricted online access star Since the latter half of the twentieth century an enormous amount of knowledge about mammalian motoneuron pools has been collected. This progress was enabled mostly by the development of the precise techniques of intracellular recordings in acute animal experiments, many of which were conducted under deep anaesthesia. Recently obtained evidence indicates that anaesthetics used at that times changed certain properties of the cell membrane, which might affect firing of the neuron. Experiments on normal humans gets around this problem, which lets one compare MN firing characteristics in humans and reduced preparations. Firing pattern of human motoneurons is obtained indirectly by recording from a few muscle fibres of a motor unit. Since there is one-to-one relationship between motor unit and motoneuron firing, the statistical analysis of motor unit firing is equivalent to the analysis of motoneuron firing. This analysis, based on the essential knowledge about motoneuron physiology, gained from the direct measurements in animal experiments and verified by computer simulations, allows one to draw conclusions about the physiological properties of human motoneurons. For obvious reasons, the deductions made on properties of human motoneuron from these analyses should be accepted with caution. On the other hand, human experiments provide the unique opportunity to study intact motoneurons during normal physiological behavior. Thus, combining information obtained from animal and human experiments, and computer simulations, gives insight into underexplored problems of motor control. This E-book contains a collection of articles with range of exciting findings on the physiology and pathology of human motoneurons. The collection covers such important issues concerning firing of healthy motoneurons as recruitment and rate coding as well as motoneuron excitability, discusses intrinsic motoneuron properties disclosed by studying double discharges, and provides information on broad spectrum of motoneuron pathology. It is our hope that this collection promotes further expansion of knowledge on human motoneurons Creative Commons https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 cc English Parveen N S Bawa verfasserin aut Maria Piotrkiewicz verfasserin aut https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 X:DOAB Verlag kostenfrei ZDB-94-OAB GBV_ILN_11 ISIL_DE-1a SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_20 ISIL_DE-84 GBV_ILN_22 ISIL_DE-18 GBV_ILN_23 ISIL_DE-830 GBV_ILN_24 ISIL_DE-8 GBV_ILN_30 ISIL_DE-104 GBV_ILN_31 ISIL_DE-27 GBV_ILN_39 ISIL_DE-547 GBV_ILN_40 ISIL_DE-7 GBV_ILN_60 ISIL_DE-705 GBV_ILN_63 ISIL_DE-Wim2 GBV_ILN_65 ISIL_DE-3 GBV_ILN_70 ISIL_DE-89 GBV_ILN_72 ISIL_DE-35 GBV_ILN_90 ISIL_DE-Hil2 GBV_ILN_91 ISIL_DE-HIL3 GBV_ILN_92 ISIL_DE-33 GBV_ILN_95 ISIL_DE-542 GBV_ILN_105 ISIL_DE-841 GBV_ILN_110 ISIL_DE-Luen4 GBV_ILN_120 ISIL_DE-715 GBV_ILN_130 ISIL_DE-700 GBV_ILN_131 ISIL_DE-Va1 GBV_ILN_132 ISIL_DE-959 GBV_ILN_136 ISIL_DE-Wis1 GBV_ILN_147 ISIL_DE-Fl3 GBV_ILN_161 ISIL_DE-960 GBV_ILN_213 ISIL_DE-551 GBV_ILN_230 ISIL_DE-552 GBV_ILN_283 ISIL_DE-Ha163 GBV_ILN_285 ISIL_DE-517 GBV_ILN_293 ISIL_DE-960-3 GBV_ILN_370 ISIL_DE-1373 GBV_ILN_635 ISIL_DE-B2138 GBV_ILN_808 GBV_ILN_2011 ISIL_DE-16 GBV_ILN_2014 ISIL_DE-90 GBV_ILN_2018 ISIL_DE-31 GBV_ILN_2034 ISIL_DE-Rt2 GBV_ILN_2037 ISIL_DE-747 GBV_ILN_2050 ISIL_DE-Zi4 GBV_ILN_2108 ISIL_DE-991 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER BO 11 01 0001 4023185655 00 5:LIZFREI --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- k 20-12-21 20 01 0084 401214880X OLR-DOAB z 02-12-21 22 01 0018 4006241895 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books zu 25-11-21 23 01 0830 4006758146 olr-doab f z 25-11-21 24 01 0008 4060473723 OLR-doab z 16-02-22 30 01 0104 4103337443 OLR-OAB Open Access, Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB) z 27-03-22 31 01 0027 4052591178 OLR-DOAB z 07-02-22 39 01 0547 410724704X OLR-ZDB-94-OAB ke 30-03-22 40 01 0007 4011713473 OLR-DOAB xsn 01-12-21 60 01 0705 4276063426 OPENAccess Vervielfältigungen (z.B. 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Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 11-04-24 808 01 4808 4158770661 OLR-DOAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books zg 29-06-22 2011 01 DE-16 4022643862 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- l01 18-12-21 2014 01 DE-90 4010912065 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- l01 01-12-21 2018 01 DE-31 403327023X 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- n Der Zugriff ist kostenfrei möglich. l01 11-01-22 2034 01 DE-Rt2 4013908484 00 --%%-- eBook n n frei zugänglich l01 04-12-21 2037 01 DE-747 4346850677 00 --%%-- eBook OAPEN Foundation OpenAccess --%%-- n Im Internet frei verfügbar l01 02-07-23 2050 01 DE-Zi4 4091426565 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- n Elektronischer Volltext - Open Access l01 16-03-22 2108 01 DE-991 4096575178 00 --%%-- eBook DOAB --%%-- n Elektronischer Volltext - Campuslizenz l01 19-03-22 2403 01 DE-LFER 4019282919 00 --%%-- --%%-- n --%%-- l01 12-12-21 20 01 0084 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 22 01 0018 Volltextzugang https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 23 01 0830 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 24 01 0008 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 30 01 0104 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 31 01 0027 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 40 01 0007 Volltext, Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 60 01 0705 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 63 01 3401 E-Book https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 65 01 0003 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 65 01 0003 Dieser Titel ist Teil einer Datenbank http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/dbinfo/detail.php?titel_id=11367&bib_id=ulb_hal 70 01 0089 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 72 01 0035 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 90 01 3090 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 91 01 3091 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 92 01 0033 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 95 01 3095 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 105 01 0841 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 110 01 3110 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 120 01 0715 http://49gbv-uob-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/49GBV_UOB/UOB_services_page?u.ignore_date_coverage=true&rft.mms_id=991015558105803501 130 01 0700 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 131 01 3131 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 132 01 0959 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 136 01 3526 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 147 01 3528 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 161 01 0960 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 LF 213 01 0551 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 230 01 0552 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 283 01 3283 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 285 01 0517 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 293 01 3293 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 LF 370 01 4370 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 635 01 3635 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 808 01 4808 Volltextzugang https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2011 01 DE-16 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2014 01 DE-90 Volltext frei verfügbar https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2034 01 DE-Rt2 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2037 01 DE-747 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2050 01 DE-Zi4 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2108 01 DE-991 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 2403 01 DE-LFER https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 31 01 0027 00 E-Book Open Access 132 01 0959 00 EBooks DOAB Open Access 20 01 0084 OLR-DOAB 22 01 0018 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB 23 01 0830 olr-doab 24 01 0008 OLR-doab 24 01 0008 olr-frei 30 01 0104 OLR-OAB 31 01 0027 OLR-DOAB 39 01 0547 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB 39 01 0547 LF 40 01 0007 OLR-DOAB 60 01 0705 OPENAccess 63 01 3401 E-Books LF GBV-DOAB 65 01 0003 OLR-DOAB 70 01 0089 OLR-DOAB-OA 72 01 0035 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB 90 01 3090 OLR-HILoapen 91 01 3091 OLR-DOAB 92 01 0033 OLR-Open Access DOAB 95 01 3095 OLR-OAB 105 01 0841 OLR-OAB 110 01 3110 OLR-DOAB 120 01 0715 alma 130 01 0700 OLR-DOAB 131 01 3131 OLR-OA-DOAB 132 01 0959 OLR-OAB 136 01 3526 OLR-DOAB 147 01 3528 OLR-DOAB 161 01 0960 OLR-DOAB 213 01 0551 OLR-DOAB 230 01 0552 OLR-DOAB 285 01 0517 OLR-DOAB 293 01 3293 OLR-DOAB 370 01 4370 OLR-FREE 370 01 4370 olr-ebook ZDB-94-OAB 635 01 3635 OLR-DOAB 808 01 4808 OLR-DOAB |
| allfieldsSound |
9782889195923 978-2-88919-592-3 20.500.12854/52951 hdl (DE-627)1778623166 (DE-599)KEP069626790 (OCoLC)1002875086 (DOAB)52951 (EBP)069626790 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Annie Schmied verfasserin aut Mechanisms underlying firing in healthy and sick human motoneurons [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] Frontiers Media SA 2015 1 Online-Ressource (134 p.) Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Frontiers Research Topics Open Access Unrestricted online access star Since the latter half of the twentieth century an enormous amount of knowledge about mammalian motoneuron pools has been collected. This progress was enabled mostly by the development of the precise techniques of intracellular recordings in acute animal experiments, many of which were conducted under deep anaesthesia. Recently obtained evidence indicates that anaesthetics used at that times changed certain properties of the cell membrane, which might affect firing of the neuron. Experiments on normal humans gets around this problem, which lets one compare MN firing characteristics in humans and reduced preparations. Firing pattern of human motoneurons is obtained indirectly by recording from a few muscle fibres of a motor unit. Since there is one-to-one relationship between motor unit and motoneuron firing, the statistical analysis of motor unit firing is equivalent to the analysis of motoneuron firing. This analysis, based on the essential knowledge about motoneuron physiology, gained from the direct measurements in animal experiments and verified by computer simulations, allows one to draw conclusions about the physiological properties of human motoneurons. For obvious reasons, the deductions made on properties of human motoneuron from these analyses should be accepted with caution. On the other hand, human experiments provide the unique opportunity to study intact motoneurons during normal physiological behavior. Thus, combining information obtained from animal and human experiments, and computer simulations, gives insight into underexplored problems of motor control. This E-book contains a collection of articles with range of exciting findings on the physiology and pathology of human motoneurons. The collection covers such important issues concerning firing of healthy motoneurons as recruitment and rate coding as well as motoneuron excitability, discusses intrinsic motoneuron properties disclosed by studying double discharges, and provides information on broad spectrum of motoneuron pathology. It is our hope that this collection promotes further expansion of knowledge on human motoneurons Creative Commons https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 cc English Parveen N S Bawa verfasserin aut Maria Piotrkiewicz verfasserin aut https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951 X:DOAB Verlag kostenfrei ZDB-94-OAB GBV_ILN_11 ISIL_DE-1a SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_20 ISIL_DE-84 GBV_ILN_22 ISIL_DE-18 GBV_ILN_23 ISIL_DE-830 GBV_ILN_24 ISIL_DE-8 GBV_ILN_30 ISIL_DE-104 GBV_ILN_31 ISIL_DE-27 GBV_ILN_39 ISIL_DE-547 GBV_ILN_40 ISIL_DE-7 GBV_ILN_60 ISIL_DE-705 GBV_ILN_63 ISIL_DE-Wim2 GBV_ILN_65 ISIL_DE-3 GBV_ILN_70 ISIL_DE-89 GBV_ILN_72 ISIL_DE-35 GBV_ILN_90 ISIL_DE-Hil2 GBV_ILN_91 ISIL_DE-HIL3 GBV_ILN_92 ISIL_DE-33 GBV_ILN_95 ISIL_DE-542 GBV_ILN_105 ISIL_DE-841 GBV_ILN_110 ISIL_DE-Luen4 GBV_ILN_120 ISIL_DE-715 GBV_ILN_130 ISIL_DE-700 GBV_ILN_131 ISIL_DE-Va1 GBV_ILN_132 ISIL_DE-959 GBV_ILN_136 ISIL_DE-Wis1 GBV_ILN_147 ISIL_DE-Fl3 GBV_ILN_161 ISIL_DE-960 GBV_ILN_213 ISIL_DE-551 GBV_ILN_230 ISIL_DE-552 GBV_ILN_283 ISIL_DE-Ha163 GBV_ILN_285 ISIL_DE-517 GBV_ILN_293 ISIL_DE-960-3 GBV_ILN_370 ISIL_DE-1373 GBV_ILN_635 ISIL_DE-B2138 GBV_ILN_808 GBV_ILN_2011 ISIL_DE-16 GBV_ILN_2014 ISIL_DE-90 GBV_ILN_2018 ISIL_DE-31 GBV_ILN_2034 ISIL_DE-Rt2 GBV_ILN_2037 ISIL_DE-747 GBV_ILN_2050 ISIL_DE-Zi4 GBV_ILN_2108 ISIL_DE-991 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER BO 11 01 0001 4023185655 00 5:LIZFREI --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- k 20-12-21 20 01 0084 401214880X OLR-DOAB z 02-12-21 22 01 0018 4006241895 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books zu 25-11-21 23 01 0830 4006758146 olr-doab f z 25-11-21 24 01 0008 4060473723 OLR-doab z 16-02-22 30 01 0104 4103337443 OLR-OAB Open Access, Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB) z 27-03-22 31 01 0027 4052591178 OLR-DOAB z 07-02-22 39 01 0547 410724704X OLR-ZDB-94-OAB ke 30-03-22 40 01 0007 4011713473 OLR-DOAB xsn 01-12-21 60 01 0705 4276063426 OPENAccess Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Keine Weitergabe an Dritte. Kein systematisches Downloaden durch Robots. Nur für Angehörige der HSU: Volltextzugang von außerhalb des Campus mit Anmeldung über Shibboleth mit Ihrer Bibliothekskennung z 24-02-23 63 01 3401 4104970794 E-Books LF GBV-DOAB z 29-03-22 65 01 0003 4110843804 OLR-DOAB Nach dem deutschen Urheberrecht darf das Werk bzw. der Inhalt zum eigenen Gebrauch kostenfrei heruntergeladen, konsumiert, gespeichert oder ausgedruckt, nicht jedoch im Internet bereitgestellt oder an Außenstehende weitergegeben werden! z 02-04-22 70 01 0089 4006498497 OLR-DOAB-OA DOAB Directory of Open Access Books z 25-11-21 72 01 0035 4105559168 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books z 29-03-22 90 01 3090 4107537560 OLR-HILoapen z 30-03-22 91 01 3091 401146533X OLR-DOAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books z 01-12-21 92 01 0033 4108771699 OLR-Open Access DOAB Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. Das Ebook ist frei zugänglich. z 31-03-22 95 01 3095 434233139X OLR-OAB Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 23-06-23 105 01 0841 4007219478 OLR-OAB Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 25-11-21 110 01 3110 4031290918 OLR-DOAB Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. 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code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">02-12-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">22</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0018</subfield><subfield code="b">4006241895</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-ZDB-94-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">zu</subfield><subfield code="z">25-11-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">23</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0830</subfield><subfield code="b">4006758146</subfield><subfield code="h">olr-doab</subfield><subfield code="u">f</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">25-11-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">24</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0008</subfield><subfield code="b">4060473723</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-doab</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">16-02-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">30</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0104</subfield><subfield code="b">4103337443</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Open Access, Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB)</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">27-03-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">31</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0027</subfield><subfield code="b">4052591178</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">07-02-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">39</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0547</subfield><subfield code="b">410724704X</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-ZDB-94-OAB</subfield><subfield code="y">ke</subfield><subfield code="z">30-03-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">40</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0007</subfield><subfield code="b">4011713473</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">xsn</subfield><subfield code="z">01-12-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">60</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0705</subfield><subfield code="b">4276063426</subfield><subfield code="h">OPENAccess</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Keine Weitergabe an Dritte. Kein systematisches Downloaden durch Robots.</subfield><subfield code="k">Nur für Angehörige der HSU: Volltextzugang von außerhalb des Campus mit Anmeldung über Shibboleth mit Ihrer Bibliothekskennung</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">24-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">63</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3401</subfield><subfield code="b">4104970794</subfield><subfield code="h">E-Books LF GBV-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">29-03-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">65</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0003</subfield><subfield code="b">4110843804</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Nach dem deutschen Urheberrecht darf das Werk bzw. der Inhalt zum eigenen Gebrauch kostenfrei heruntergeladen, konsumiert, gespeichert oder ausgedruckt, nicht jedoch im Internet bereitgestellt oder an Außenstehende weitergegeben werden!</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">02-04-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">70</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0089</subfield><subfield code="b">4006498497</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB-OA</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">25-11-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">72</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0035</subfield><subfield code="b">4105559168</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-ZDB-94-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">29-03-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">90</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3090</subfield><subfield code="b">4107537560</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-HILoapen</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">30-03-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">91</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3091</subfield><subfield code="b">401146533X</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-12-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">92</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0033</subfield><subfield code="b">4108771699</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-Open Access DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. Das Ebook ist frei zugänglich.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">31-03-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">95</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3095</subfield><subfield code="b">434233139X</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">23-06-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">105</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0841</subfield><subfield code="b">4007219478</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">25-11-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">110</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3110</subfield><subfield code="b">4031290918</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="k">Open Access</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">07-01-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">120</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0715</subfield><subfield code="b">4015571215</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">g</subfield><subfield code="j">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="h">alma</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">07-12-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">130</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0700</subfield><subfield code="b">4146747643</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">09-06-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">131</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3131</subfield><subfield code="b">4465861583</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OA-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Bitte beachten Sie die Nutzungsbedingungen und Copyright-Bestimmungen des Verlages/Herausgebers.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">23-01-24</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">132</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0959</subfield><subfield code="b">4150237778</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OAB</subfield><subfield code="u">Open Access</subfield><subfield code="y">x</subfield><subfield code="z">15-06-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">136</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3526</subfield><subfield code="b">4005782469</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">24-11-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">147</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3528</subfield><subfield code="b">4127722312</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">frei verfügbar für Europa-Universität Flensburg, Hochschule Flensburg und Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">02-05-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">161</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0960</subfield><subfield code="b">4151715347</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">17-06-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">213</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0551</subfield><subfield code="b">4109779340</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-04-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">230</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0552</subfield><subfield code="b">4123599699</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">27-04-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">283</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3283</subfield><subfield code="b">415762579X</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">28-06-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">285</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0517</subfield><subfield code="b">4050407582</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">03-02-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">293</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3293</subfield><subfield code="b">4153820652</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">21-06-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">370</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">4370</subfield><subfield code="b">4126337555</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-FREE</subfield><subfield code="k">Kostenloser Zugriff</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">29-04-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">635</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3635</subfield><subfield code="b">4509993242</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Open Access. Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">11-04-24</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">808</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">4808</subfield><subfield code="b">4158770661</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">zg</subfield><subfield code="z">29-06-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2011</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-16</subfield><subfield code="b">4022643862</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">18-12-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2014</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-90</subfield><subfield code="b">4010912065</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">01-12-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2018</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-31</subfield><subfield code="b">403327023X</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">n</subfield><subfield code="k">Der Zugriff ist kostenfrei möglich.</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">11-01-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2034</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-Rt2</subfield><subfield code="b">4013908484</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">eBook</subfield><subfield code="e">n</subfield><subfield code="j">n</subfield><subfield code="k">frei zugänglich</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">04-12-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2037</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-747</subfield><subfield code="b">4346850677</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">eBook OAPEN Foundation OpenAccess</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">n</subfield><subfield code="k">Im Internet frei verfügbar</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">02-07-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2050</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-Zi4</subfield><subfield code="b">4091426565</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">n</subfield><subfield code="k">Elektronischer Volltext - Open Access</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">16-03-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2108</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-991</subfield><subfield code="b">4096575178</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">eBook DOAB</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">n</subfield><subfield code="k">Elektronischer Volltext - Campuslizenz</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">19-03-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2403</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-LFER</subfield><subfield code="b">4019282919</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">n</subfield><subfield code="j">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">12-12-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="981" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">20</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0084</subfield><subfield code="r">https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="981" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">22</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0018</subfield><subfield code="y">Volltextzugang</subfield><subfield code="r">https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="981" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">23</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0830</subfield><subfield code="r">https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="981" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">24</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0008</subfield><subfield code="r">https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="981" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">30</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0104</subfield><subfield code="r">https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="981" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">31</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0027</subfield><subfield code="r">https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="981" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">40</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield 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Mechanisms underlying firing in healthy and sick human motoneurons |
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mechanisms underlying firing in healthy and sick human motoneurons |
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Mechanisms underlying firing in healthy and sick human motoneurons |
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Since the latter half of the twentieth century an enormous amount of knowledge about mammalian motoneuron pools has been collected. This progress was enabled mostly by the development of the precise techniques of intracellular recordings in acute animal experiments, many of which were conducted under deep anaesthesia. Recently obtained evidence indicates that anaesthetics used at that times changed certain properties of the cell membrane, which might affect firing of the neuron. Experiments on normal humans gets around this problem, which lets one compare MN firing characteristics in humans and reduced preparations. Firing pattern of human motoneurons is obtained indirectly by recording from a few muscle fibres of a motor unit. Since there is one-to-one relationship between motor unit and motoneuron firing, the statistical analysis of motor unit firing is equivalent to the analysis of motoneuron firing. This analysis, based on the essential knowledge about motoneuron physiology, gained from the direct measurements in animal experiments and verified by computer simulations, allows one to draw conclusions about the physiological properties of human motoneurons. For obvious reasons, the deductions made on properties of human motoneuron from these analyses should be accepted with caution. On the other hand, human experiments provide the unique opportunity to study intact motoneurons during normal physiological behavior. Thus, combining information obtained from animal and human experiments, and computer simulations, gives insight into underexplored problems of motor control. This E-book contains a collection of articles with range of exciting findings on the physiology and pathology of human motoneurons. The collection covers such important issues concerning firing of healthy motoneurons as recruitment and rate coding as well as motoneuron excitability, discusses intrinsic motoneuron properties disclosed by studying double discharges, and provides information on broad spectrum of motoneuron pathology. It is our hope that this collection promotes further expansion of knowledge on human motoneurons |
| abstractGer |
Since the latter half of the twentieth century an enormous amount of knowledge about mammalian motoneuron pools has been collected. This progress was enabled mostly by the development of the precise techniques of intracellular recordings in acute animal experiments, many of which were conducted under deep anaesthesia. Recently obtained evidence indicates that anaesthetics used at that times changed certain properties of the cell membrane, which might affect firing of the neuron. Experiments on normal humans gets around this problem, which lets one compare MN firing characteristics in humans and reduced preparations. Firing pattern of human motoneurons is obtained indirectly by recording from a few muscle fibres of a motor unit. Since there is one-to-one relationship between motor unit and motoneuron firing, the statistical analysis of motor unit firing is equivalent to the analysis of motoneuron firing. This analysis, based on the essential knowledge about motoneuron physiology, gained from the direct measurements in animal experiments and verified by computer simulations, allows one to draw conclusions about the physiological properties of human motoneurons. For obvious reasons, the deductions made on properties of human motoneuron from these analyses should be accepted with caution. On the other hand, human experiments provide the unique opportunity to study intact motoneurons during normal physiological behavior. Thus, combining information obtained from animal and human experiments, and computer simulations, gives insight into underexplored problems of motor control. This E-book contains a collection of articles with range of exciting findings on the physiology and pathology of human motoneurons. The collection covers such important issues concerning firing of healthy motoneurons as recruitment and rate coding as well as motoneuron excitability, discusses intrinsic motoneuron properties disclosed by studying double discharges, and provides information on broad spectrum of motoneuron pathology. It is our hope that this collection promotes further expansion of knowledge on human motoneurons |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Since the latter half of the twentieth century an enormous amount of knowledge about mammalian motoneuron pools has been collected. This progress was enabled mostly by the development of the precise techniques of intracellular recordings in acute animal experiments, many of which were conducted under deep anaesthesia. Recently obtained evidence indicates that anaesthetics used at that times changed certain properties of the cell membrane, which might affect firing of the neuron. Experiments on normal humans gets around this problem, which lets one compare MN firing characteristics in humans and reduced preparations. Firing pattern of human motoneurons is obtained indirectly by recording from a few muscle fibres of a motor unit. Since there is one-to-one relationship between motor unit and motoneuron firing, the statistical analysis of motor unit firing is equivalent to the analysis of motoneuron firing. This analysis, based on the essential knowledge about motoneuron physiology, gained from the direct measurements in animal experiments and verified by computer simulations, allows one to draw conclusions about the physiological properties of human motoneurons. For obvious reasons, the deductions made on properties of human motoneuron from these analyses should be accepted with caution. On the other hand, human experiments provide the unique opportunity to study intact motoneurons during normal physiological behavior. Thus, combining information obtained from animal and human experiments, and computer simulations, gives insight into underexplored problems of motor control. This E-book contains a collection of articles with range of exciting findings on the physiology and pathology of human motoneurons. The collection covers such important issues concerning firing of healthy motoneurons as recruitment and rate coding as well as motoneuron excitability, discusses intrinsic motoneuron properties disclosed by studying double discharges, and provides information on broad spectrum of motoneuron pathology. It is our hope that this collection promotes further expansion of knowledge on human motoneurons |
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code="a">ISIL_DE-991</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2403</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ISIL_DE-LFER</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="951" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">BO</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">11</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0001</subfield><subfield code="b">4023185655</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">5:LIZFREI</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="y">k</subfield><subfield code="z">20-12-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">20</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0084</subfield><subfield code="b">401214880X</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">02-12-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">22</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0018</subfield><subfield code="b">4006241895</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-ZDB-94-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">zu</subfield><subfield code="z">25-11-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">23</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0830</subfield><subfield code="b">4006758146</subfield><subfield code="h">olr-doab</subfield><subfield code="u">f</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">25-11-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">24</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0008</subfield><subfield code="b">4060473723</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-doab</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">16-02-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">30</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0104</subfield><subfield code="b">4103337443</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Open Access, Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB)</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">27-03-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">31</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0027</subfield><subfield code="b">4052591178</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">07-02-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">39</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0547</subfield><subfield code="b">410724704X</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-ZDB-94-OAB</subfield><subfield code="y">ke</subfield><subfield code="z">30-03-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">40</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0007</subfield><subfield code="b">4011713473</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">xsn</subfield><subfield code="z">01-12-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">60</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0705</subfield><subfield code="b">4276063426</subfield><subfield code="h">OPENAccess</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Keine Weitergabe an Dritte. Kein systematisches Downloaden durch Robots.</subfield><subfield code="k">Nur für Angehörige der HSU: Volltextzugang von außerhalb des Campus mit Anmeldung über Shibboleth mit Ihrer Bibliothekskennung</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">24-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">63</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3401</subfield><subfield code="b">4104970794</subfield><subfield code="h">E-Books LF GBV-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">29-03-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">65</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0003</subfield><subfield code="b">4110843804</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Nach dem deutschen Urheberrecht darf das Werk bzw. der Inhalt zum eigenen Gebrauch kostenfrei heruntergeladen, konsumiert, gespeichert oder ausgedruckt, nicht jedoch im Internet bereitgestellt oder an Außenstehende weitergegeben werden!</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">02-04-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">70</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0089</subfield><subfield code="b">4006498497</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB-OA</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">25-11-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">72</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0035</subfield><subfield code="b">4105559168</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-ZDB-94-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">29-03-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">90</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3090</subfield><subfield code="b">4107537560</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-HILoapen</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">30-03-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">91</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3091</subfield><subfield code="b">401146533X</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-12-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">92</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0033</subfield><subfield code="b">4108771699</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-Open Access DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. Das Ebook ist frei zugänglich.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">31-03-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">95</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3095</subfield><subfield code="b">434233139X</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">23-06-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">105</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0841</subfield><subfield code="b">4007219478</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">25-11-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">110</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3110</subfield><subfield code="b">4031290918</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="k">Open Access</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">07-01-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">120</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0715</subfield><subfield code="b">4015571215</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">g</subfield><subfield code="j">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="h">alma</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">07-12-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">130</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0700</subfield><subfield code="b">4146747643</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">09-06-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">131</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3131</subfield><subfield code="b">4465861583</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OA-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Bitte beachten Sie die Nutzungsbedingungen und Copyright-Bestimmungen des Verlages/Herausgebers.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">23-01-24</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">132</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0959</subfield><subfield code="b">4150237778</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OAB</subfield><subfield code="u">Open Access</subfield><subfield code="y">x</subfield><subfield code="z">15-06-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">136</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3526</subfield><subfield code="b">4005782469</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">24-11-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">147</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3528</subfield><subfield code="b">4127722312</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">frei verfügbar für Europa-Universität Flensburg, Hochschule Flensburg und Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">02-05-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">161</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0960</subfield><subfield code="b">4151715347</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">17-06-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">213</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0551</subfield><subfield code="b">4109779340</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-04-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">230</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0552</subfield><subfield code="b">4123599699</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">27-04-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">283</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3283</subfield><subfield code="b">415762579X</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">28-06-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">285</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0517</subfield><subfield code="b">4050407582</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">03-02-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">293</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3293</subfield><subfield code="b">4153820652</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">21-06-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">370</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">4370</subfield><subfield code="b">4126337555</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-FREE</subfield><subfield code="k">Kostenloser Zugriff</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">29-04-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">635</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3635</subfield><subfield code="b">4509993242</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Open Access. Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">11-04-24</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">808</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">4808</subfield><subfield code="b">4158770661</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">zg</subfield><subfield code="z">29-06-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2011</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-16</subfield><subfield code="b">4022643862</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">18-12-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2014</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-90</subfield><subfield code="b">4010912065</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">01-12-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2018</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-31</subfield><subfield code="b">403327023X</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">n</subfield><subfield code="k">Der Zugriff ist kostenfrei möglich.</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">11-01-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2034</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-Rt2</subfield><subfield code="b">4013908484</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">eBook</subfield><subfield code="e">n</subfield><subfield code="j">n</subfield><subfield code="k">frei zugänglich</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">04-12-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2037</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-747</subfield><subfield code="b">4346850677</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">eBook OAPEN Foundation OpenAccess</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">n</subfield><subfield code="k">Im Internet frei verfügbar</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">02-07-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2050</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-Zi4</subfield><subfield code="b">4091426565</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">n</subfield><subfield code="k">Elektronischer Volltext - Open Access</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">16-03-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2108</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-991</subfield><subfield code="b">4096575178</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">eBook DOAB</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">n</subfield><subfield code="k">Elektronischer Volltext - Campuslizenz</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">19-03-22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2403</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-LFER</subfield><subfield code="b">4019282919</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">n</subfield><subfield code="j">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">12-12-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="981" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">20</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0084</subfield><subfield code="r">https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="981" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">22</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0018</subfield><subfield code="y">Volltextzugang</subfield><subfield code="r">https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/52951</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="981" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">23</subfield><subfield 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