Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy : final report

Deliberations concerning the planning and approval of wind turbines often revolve around the issue of noise. A wide range of questions are raised that concern both noise generation and noise reduction as well as the impact of noise on the health and quality of life of the population. The present publication, ‘Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy’, contains the results of a research project that investigated the impact of wind turbine noise. The focus of the research was on a particular sound characteristic of wind turbines known as ‘amplitude-modulated noise’. A frequently discussed thesis is that this particular sound characteristic, describable for example as a ‘whoosh’ sound, leads to increased awareness of noise and annoyance among residents. A key aim of the research was to investigate the frequency, duration and intensity of amplitude modulations caused by wind turbines, and to determine whether these are audible and measurable in the surrounding vicinity. Hence, in addition to measurements, the people who live in the vicinity of wind turbines were interviewed as well. The work to address this question was divided into five priority tasks: - Long-term sonic measurements in the emission and immission area over a period of at least two and up to six weeks, conducted in five study areas distributed throughout Germany. - Infrasound measurements in connection with amplitude modulation. - Analysis of the measurements using a method for the detection of amplitude modulation that was developed within the scope of this project. - Surveys of noise annoyance on the part of surrounding area residents in all five study areas. - Listening tests were also carried out in three of the study areas. The findings gleaned were as follows: - The median modulation depth on the immission side falls between 1.5 and 2.5 dB. - Only in one of the five study areas was it possible to identify a relationship of capacity dependency between the wind turbine and the frequency/modulation depth; this relationship was more pronounced in crosswind situations. Infrasound caused by wind turbines was detected in all of the study areas. The levels were always below the auditory threshold defined pursuant to DIN 45680 (Beuth 1997). In the listening test, the level of annoyance grew as the modulation depth increased. The results also showed that even the mere perceptibility of an amplitude modulation increases the level of annoyance reported by test subjects. On average, across all study areas and noise levels, participants in the annoyance survey found that the annoyance due to wind turbine noise was relatively low. Once the noise rating level at a residential building exceeds a value of approx. 35 dB(A), however, there is a sharp rise in the percentage of respondents who report that they feel annoyed or highly annoyed. Sound characteristics such as ‘whooshing’, ‘rushing’ and non-acoustic factors (attitude towards wind turbines and visual impact) are factors that have a considerable influence on the annoyance due to wind turbine noise. Self-reported noise annoyance correspond with the frequency of occurrence of identified, stable amplitude modulations. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Schmitter, Sebastian [verfasserIn] Loro, Alexander Alaimo Di [verfasserIn] Hemmer, Dominic [verfasserIn] Schreckenberg, Dirk - 1966- [verfasserIn] Großarth, Stephan [verfasserIn] Pörschmann, Christoph - 1970- [verfasserIn] Kühner, Till Detlef - 1972- [verfasserIn] Körper, Steffen [herausgeberIn]
Körperschaften:	Deutschland, Umweltbundesamt [Herausgebendes Organ] deBAKOM GmbH [MitwirkendeR]

Format:	E-Book
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	Dessau-Roßlau: Umweltbundesamt ; June 2022
Ausgabe:	Report completed in: 01/09/2021

Formangabe:	Forschungsbericht

Umfang:	1 Online-Ressource (251 Seiten, 14,6 MB) ; Illustrationen, Diagramme

Reihe:	Texte / Umweltbundesamt ; 2022, 70

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen

DOI / URN:	urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383

Katalog-ID:	1809111056

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Indexfelder

author_variant	s s ss a a d l aad aadl d h dh d s ds s g sg c p cp t d k td tdk
matchkey_str	schmittersebastianloroalexanderalaimodih:2022----:osefcsfhuefadae
hierarchy_sort_str	June 2022
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publishDate	2022
allfields	urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 urn 3717431100 Project Number (DE-627)1809111056 (DE-599)KXP1809111056 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng XA-DE-ST 52.56 bkl 58.56 bkl FB000656/ENG Schmitter, Sebastian verfasserin (DE-588)133929086 (DE-627)558738281 (DE-576)300198922 aut Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy final report by Sebastian Schmitter, Alexander Alaimo Di Loro, Dominic Hemmer (deBAKOM GmbH, Odenthal); Dr. Dirk Schreckenberg, Stephan Großarth (ZEUS GmbH, Hagen); Dr. Christoph Pörschmann (Cologne University of Applied Sciences, Cologne); Dr. Till Kühner (Dr. Kühner GmbH, Langenfeld) ; on behalf of the German Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt) ; publisher: Umweltbundesamt ; report performed by: deBAKOM GmbH ; edited by: Section I 2.4 Noise Abatement of Industrial Plants and Products, Noise Impact, Steffen Körper Report completed in: 01/09/2021 Dessau-Roßlau Umweltbundesamt June 2022 1 Online-Ressource (251 Seiten, 14,6 MB) Illustrationen, Diagramme Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Texte / Umweltbundesamt 2022, 70 Deliberations concerning the planning and approval of wind turbines often revolve around the issue of noise. A wide range of questions are raised that concern both noise generation and noise reduction as well as the impact of noise on the health and quality of life of the population. The present publication, ‘Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy’, contains the results of a research project that investigated the impact of wind turbine noise. The focus of the research was on a particular sound characteristic of wind turbines known as ‘amplitude-modulated noise’. A frequently discussed thesis is that this particular sound characteristic, describable for example as a ‘whoosh’ sound, leads to increased awareness of noise and annoyance among residents. A key aim of the research was to investigate the frequency, duration and intensity of amplitude modulations caused by wind turbines, and to determine whether these are audible and measurable in the surrounding vicinity. Hence, in addition to measurements, the people who live in the vicinity of wind turbines were interviewed as well. The work to address this question was divided into five priority tasks: - Long-term sonic measurements in the emission and immission area over a period of at least two and up to six weeks, conducted in five study areas distributed throughout Germany. - Infrasound measurements in connection with amplitude modulation. - Analysis of the measurements using a method for the detection of amplitude modulation that was developed within the scope of this project. - Surveys of noise annoyance on the part of surrounding area residents in all five study areas. - Listening tests were also carried out in three of the study areas. The findings gleaned were as follows: - The median modulation depth on the immission side falls between 1.5 and 2.5 dB. - Only in one of the five study areas was it possible to identify a relationship of capacity dependency between the wind turbine and the frequency/modulation depth; this relationship was more pronounced in crosswind situations. Infrasound caused by wind turbines was detected in all of the study areas. The levels were always below the auditory threshold defined pursuant to DIN 45680 (Beuth 1997). In the listening test, the level of annoyance grew as the modulation depth increased. The results also showed that even the mere perceptibility of an amplitude modulation increases the level of annoyance reported by test subjects. On average, across all study areas and noise levels, participants in the annoyance survey found that the annoyance due to wind turbine noise was relatively low. Once the noise rating level at a residential building exceeds a value of approx. 35 dB(A), however, there is a sharp rise in the percentage of respondents who report that they feel annoyed or highly annoyed. Sound characteristics such as ‘whooshing’, ‘rushing’ and non-acoustic factors (attitude towards wind turbines and visual impact) are factors that have a considerable influence on the annoyance due to wind turbine noise. Self-reported noise annoyance correspond with the frequency of occurrence of identified, stable amplitude modulations. Archivierung/Langzeitarchivierung gewährleistet 2022 PEST XA-DE-ST pdager DE-3 Forschungsbericht (DE-588)4155043-2 (DE-627)10467444X (DE-576)209815833 gnd-content Loro, Alexander Alaimo Di verfasserin aut Hemmer, Dominic verfasserin aut Schreckenberg, Dirk 1966- verfasserin (DE-588)1179218612 (DE-627)1066678804 (DE-576)518139514 aut Großarth, Stephan verfasserin aut Pörschmann, Christoph 1970- verfasserin (DE-588)123085551 (DE-627)706155270 (DE-576)354777378 aut Kühner, Till Detlef 1972- verfasserin (DE-588)121491986 (DE-627)705488829 (DE-576)292737661 aut Körper, Steffen herausgeberin edt Deutschland Umweltbundesamt Herausgebendes Organ (DE-588)2116834-9 (DE-627)101508158 (DE-576)193757982 isb pat deBAKOM GmbH MitwirkendeR ctb Parallele Sprachausgabe deutsch Schmitter, Sebastian Geräuschwirkungen bei der Nutzung von Windenergie an Land Abschlussdatum: September 2021 Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt, 2022 1 Online-Ressource (244 Seiten, 13,4 MB) (DE-627)1809115221 Deutschland Umweltbundesamt Texte 2022, 70 2022,70 (DE-627)505871920 (DE-576)393836681 (DE-600)2217663-9 ns http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 Resolving-System Langzeitarchivierung kostenfrei https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/sites/default/files/medien/479/publikationen/texte_70-2022_noise_effects_of_the_use_of_land-based_wind_energy.pdf Verlag kostenfrei https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen/noise-effects-of-the-use-of-land-based-wind-energy Verlag kostenfrei OAEPF-ST-GESAMT GBV-UBA-Texte GBV_ILN_22 ISIL_DE-18 SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_63 ISIL_DE-Wim2 GBV_ILN_65 ISIL_DE-3 GBV_ILN_70 ISIL_DE-89 GBV_ILN_151 ISIL_DE-546 GBV_ILN_370 ISIL_DE-1373 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER 52.56 Regenerative Energieformen alternative Energieformen (DE-627)106419986 58.56 Lärmschutz Erschütterungsdämpfung (DE-627)106420801 BO 22 01 0018 4175934197 SUBolre zu 05-08-22 63 01 3401 4341408860 UBA-Texte Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 21-06-23 65 01 0003 416125928X 03 --%%-- eBook --%%-- --%%-- k3po 05-07-22 70 01 0089 4164358351 zf 12-07-22 151 01 0546 435356286X OLR-GBV-UBA-Texte Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt z 13-07-23 370 01 4370 4353613774 olr-free Kostenloser Zugriff z 13-07-23 2403 01 DE-LFER 4190076295 00 --%%-- --%%-- n --%%-- l01 19-09-22 63 01 3401 E-Book http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 151 01 0546 Volltext http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 2403 01 DE-LFER http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 22 01 0018 SUBolre 63 01 3401 UBA-Texte 151 01 0546 OLR-GBV-UBA-Texte 370 01 4370 olr-free
spelling	urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 urn 3717431100 Project Number (DE-627)1809111056 (DE-599)KXP1809111056 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng XA-DE-ST 52.56 bkl 58.56 bkl FB000656/ENG Schmitter, Sebastian verfasserin (DE-588)133929086 (DE-627)558738281 (DE-576)300198922 aut Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy final report by Sebastian Schmitter, Alexander Alaimo Di Loro, Dominic Hemmer (deBAKOM GmbH, Odenthal); Dr. Dirk Schreckenberg, Stephan Großarth (ZEUS GmbH, Hagen); Dr. Christoph Pörschmann (Cologne University of Applied Sciences, Cologne); Dr. Till Kühner (Dr. Kühner GmbH, Langenfeld) ; on behalf of the German Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt) ; publisher: Umweltbundesamt ; report performed by: deBAKOM GmbH ; edited by: Section I 2.4 Noise Abatement of Industrial Plants and Products, Noise Impact, Steffen Körper Report completed in: 01/09/2021 Dessau-Roßlau Umweltbundesamt June 2022 1 Online-Ressource (251 Seiten, 14,6 MB) Illustrationen, Diagramme Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Texte / Umweltbundesamt 2022, 70 Deliberations concerning the planning and approval of wind turbines often revolve around the issue of noise. A wide range of questions are raised that concern both noise generation and noise reduction as well as the impact of noise on the health and quality of life of the population. The present publication, ‘Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy’, contains the results of a research project that investigated the impact of wind turbine noise. The focus of the research was on a particular sound characteristic of wind turbines known as ‘amplitude-modulated noise’. A frequently discussed thesis is that this particular sound characteristic, describable for example as a ‘whoosh’ sound, leads to increased awareness of noise and annoyance among residents. A key aim of the research was to investigate the frequency, duration and intensity of amplitude modulations caused by wind turbines, and to determine whether these are audible and measurable in the surrounding vicinity. Hence, in addition to measurements, the people who live in the vicinity of wind turbines were interviewed as well. The work to address this question was divided into five priority tasks: - Long-term sonic measurements in the emission and immission area over a period of at least two and up to six weeks, conducted in five study areas distributed throughout Germany. - Infrasound measurements in connection with amplitude modulation. - Analysis of the measurements using a method for the detection of amplitude modulation that was developed within the scope of this project. - Surveys of noise annoyance on the part of surrounding area residents in all five study areas. - Listening tests were also carried out in three of the study areas. The findings gleaned were as follows: - The median modulation depth on the immission side falls between 1.5 and 2.5 dB. - Only in one of the five study areas was it possible to identify a relationship of capacity dependency between the wind turbine and the frequency/modulation depth; this relationship was more pronounced in crosswind situations. Infrasound caused by wind turbines was detected in all of the study areas. The levels were always below the auditory threshold defined pursuant to DIN 45680 (Beuth 1997). In the listening test, the level of annoyance grew as the modulation depth increased. The results also showed that even the mere perceptibility of an amplitude modulation increases the level of annoyance reported by test subjects. On average, across all study areas and noise levels, participants in the annoyance survey found that the annoyance due to wind turbine noise was relatively low. Once the noise rating level at a residential building exceeds a value of approx. 35 dB(A), however, there is a sharp rise in the percentage of respondents who report that they feel annoyed or highly annoyed. Sound characteristics such as ‘whooshing’, ‘rushing’ and non-acoustic factors (attitude towards wind turbines and visual impact) are factors that have a considerable influence on the annoyance due to wind turbine noise. Self-reported noise annoyance correspond with the frequency of occurrence of identified, stable amplitude modulations. Archivierung/Langzeitarchivierung gewährleistet 2022 PEST XA-DE-ST pdager DE-3 Forschungsbericht (DE-588)4155043-2 (DE-627)10467444X (DE-576)209815833 gnd-content Loro, Alexander Alaimo Di verfasserin aut Hemmer, Dominic verfasserin aut Schreckenberg, Dirk 1966- verfasserin (DE-588)1179218612 (DE-627)1066678804 (DE-576)518139514 aut Großarth, Stephan verfasserin aut Pörschmann, Christoph 1970- verfasserin (DE-588)123085551 (DE-627)706155270 (DE-576)354777378 aut Kühner, Till Detlef 1972- verfasserin (DE-588)121491986 (DE-627)705488829 (DE-576)292737661 aut Körper, Steffen herausgeberin edt Deutschland Umweltbundesamt Herausgebendes Organ (DE-588)2116834-9 (DE-627)101508158 (DE-576)193757982 isb pat deBAKOM GmbH MitwirkendeR ctb Parallele Sprachausgabe deutsch Schmitter, Sebastian Geräuschwirkungen bei der Nutzung von Windenergie an Land Abschlussdatum: September 2021 Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt, 2022 1 Online-Ressource (244 Seiten, 13,4 MB) (DE-627)1809115221 Deutschland Umweltbundesamt Texte 2022, 70 2022,70 (DE-627)505871920 (DE-576)393836681 (DE-600)2217663-9 ns http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 Resolving-System Langzeitarchivierung kostenfrei https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/sites/default/files/medien/479/publikationen/texte_70-2022_noise_effects_of_the_use_of_land-based_wind_energy.pdf Verlag kostenfrei https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen/noise-effects-of-the-use-of-land-based-wind-energy Verlag kostenfrei OAEPF-ST-GESAMT GBV-UBA-Texte GBV_ILN_22 ISIL_DE-18 SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_63 ISIL_DE-Wim2 GBV_ILN_65 ISIL_DE-3 GBV_ILN_70 ISIL_DE-89 GBV_ILN_151 ISIL_DE-546 GBV_ILN_370 ISIL_DE-1373 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER 52.56 Regenerative Energieformen alternative Energieformen (DE-627)106419986 58.56 Lärmschutz Erschütterungsdämpfung (DE-627)106420801 BO 22 01 0018 4175934197 SUBolre zu 05-08-22 63 01 3401 4341408860 UBA-Texte Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 21-06-23 65 01 0003 416125928X 03 --%%-- eBook --%%-- --%%-- k3po 05-07-22 70 01 0089 4164358351 zf 12-07-22 151 01 0546 435356286X OLR-GBV-UBA-Texte Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt z 13-07-23 370 01 4370 4353613774 olr-free Kostenloser Zugriff z 13-07-23 2403 01 DE-LFER 4190076295 00 --%%-- --%%-- n --%%-- l01 19-09-22 63 01 3401 E-Book http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 151 01 0546 Volltext http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 2403 01 DE-LFER http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 22 01 0018 SUBolre 63 01 3401 UBA-Texte 151 01 0546 OLR-GBV-UBA-Texte 370 01 4370 olr-free
allfields_unstemmed	urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 urn 3717431100 Project Number (DE-627)1809111056 (DE-599)KXP1809111056 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng XA-DE-ST 52.56 bkl 58.56 bkl FB000656/ENG Schmitter, Sebastian verfasserin (DE-588)133929086 (DE-627)558738281 (DE-576)300198922 aut Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy final report by Sebastian Schmitter, Alexander Alaimo Di Loro, Dominic Hemmer (deBAKOM GmbH, Odenthal); Dr. Dirk Schreckenberg, Stephan Großarth (ZEUS GmbH, Hagen); Dr. Christoph Pörschmann (Cologne University of Applied Sciences, Cologne); Dr. Till Kühner (Dr. Kühner GmbH, Langenfeld) ; on behalf of the German Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt) ; publisher: Umweltbundesamt ; report performed by: deBAKOM GmbH ; edited by: Section I 2.4 Noise Abatement of Industrial Plants and Products, Noise Impact, Steffen Körper Report completed in: 01/09/2021 Dessau-Roßlau Umweltbundesamt June 2022 1 Online-Ressource (251 Seiten, 14,6 MB) Illustrationen, Diagramme Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Texte / Umweltbundesamt 2022, 70 Deliberations concerning the planning and approval of wind turbines often revolve around the issue of noise. A wide range of questions are raised that concern both noise generation and noise reduction as well as the impact of noise on the health and quality of life of the population. The present publication, ‘Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy’, contains the results of a research project that investigated the impact of wind turbine noise. The focus of the research was on a particular sound characteristic of wind turbines known as ‘amplitude-modulated noise’. A frequently discussed thesis is that this particular sound characteristic, describable for example as a ‘whoosh’ sound, leads to increased awareness of noise and annoyance among residents. A key aim of the research was to investigate the frequency, duration and intensity of amplitude modulations caused by wind turbines, and to determine whether these are audible and measurable in the surrounding vicinity. Hence, in addition to measurements, the people who live in the vicinity of wind turbines were interviewed as well. The work to address this question was divided into five priority tasks: - Long-term sonic measurements in the emission and immission area over a period of at least two and up to six weeks, conducted in five study areas distributed throughout Germany. - Infrasound measurements in connection with amplitude modulation. - Analysis of the measurements using a method for the detection of amplitude modulation that was developed within the scope of this project. - Surveys of noise annoyance on the part of surrounding area residents in all five study areas. - Listening tests were also carried out in three of the study areas. The findings gleaned were as follows: - The median modulation depth on the immission side falls between 1.5 and 2.5 dB. - Only in one of the five study areas was it possible to identify a relationship of capacity dependency between the wind turbine and the frequency/modulation depth; this relationship was more pronounced in crosswind situations. Infrasound caused by wind turbines was detected in all of the study areas. The levels were always below the auditory threshold defined pursuant to DIN 45680 (Beuth 1997). In the listening test, the level of annoyance grew as the modulation depth increased. The results also showed that even the mere perceptibility of an amplitude modulation increases the level of annoyance reported by test subjects. On average, across all study areas and noise levels, participants in the annoyance survey found that the annoyance due to wind turbine noise was relatively low. Once the noise rating level at a residential building exceeds a value of approx. 35 dB(A), however, there is a sharp rise in the percentage of respondents who report that they feel annoyed or highly annoyed. Sound characteristics such as ‘whooshing’, ‘rushing’ and non-acoustic factors (attitude towards wind turbines and visual impact) are factors that have a considerable influence on the annoyance due to wind turbine noise. Self-reported noise annoyance correspond with the frequency of occurrence of identified, stable amplitude modulations. Archivierung/Langzeitarchivierung gewährleistet 2022 PEST XA-DE-ST pdager DE-3 Forschungsbericht (DE-588)4155043-2 (DE-627)10467444X (DE-576)209815833 gnd-content Loro, Alexander Alaimo Di verfasserin aut Hemmer, Dominic verfasserin aut Schreckenberg, Dirk 1966- verfasserin (DE-588)1179218612 (DE-627)1066678804 (DE-576)518139514 aut Großarth, Stephan verfasserin aut Pörschmann, Christoph 1970- verfasserin (DE-588)123085551 (DE-627)706155270 (DE-576)354777378 aut Kühner, Till Detlef 1972- verfasserin (DE-588)121491986 (DE-627)705488829 (DE-576)292737661 aut Körper, Steffen herausgeberin edt Deutschland Umweltbundesamt Herausgebendes Organ (DE-588)2116834-9 (DE-627)101508158 (DE-576)193757982 isb pat deBAKOM GmbH MitwirkendeR ctb Parallele Sprachausgabe deutsch Schmitter, Sebastian Geräuschwirkungen bei der Nutzung von Windenergie an Land Abschlussdatum: September 2021 Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt, 2022 1 Online-Ressource (244 Seiten, 13,4 MB) (DE-627)1809115221 Deutschland Umweltbundesamt Texte 2022, 70 2022,70 (DE-627)505871920 (DE-576)393836681 (DE-600)2217663-9 ns http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 Resolving-System Langzeitarchivierung kostenfrei https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/sites/default/files/medien/479/publikationen/texte_70-2022_noise_effects_of_the_use_of_land-based_wind_energy.pdf Verlag kostenfrei https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen/noise-effects-of-the-use-of-land-based-wind-energy Verlag kostenfrei OAEPF-ST-GESAMT GBV-UBA-Texte GBV_ILN_22 ISIL_DE-18 SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_63 ISIL_DE-Wim2 GBV_ILN_65 ISIL_DE-3 GBV_ILN_70 ISIL_DE-89 GBV_ILN_151 ISIL_DE-546 GBV_ILN_370 ISIL_DE-1373 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER 52.56 Regenerative Energieformen alternative Energieformen (DE-627)106419986 58.56 Lärmschutz Erschütterungsdämpfung (DE-627)106420801 BO 22 01 0018 4175934197 SUBolre zu 05-08-22 63 01 3401 4341408860 UBA-Texte Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 21-06-23 65 01 0003 416125928X 03 --%%-- eBook --%%-- --%%-- k3po 05-07-22 70 01 0089 4164358351 zf 12-07-22 151 01 0546 435356286X OLR-GBV-UBA-Texte Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt z 13-07-23 370 01 4370 4353613774 olr-free Kostenloser Zugriff z 13-07-23 2403 01 DE-LFER 4190076295 00 --%%-- --%%-- n --%%-- l01 19-09-22 63 01 3401 E-Book http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 151 01 0546 Volltext http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 2403 01 DE-LFER http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 22 01 0018 SUBolre 63 01 3401 UBA-Texte 151 01 0546 OLR-GBV-UBA-Texte 370 01 4370 olr-free
allfieldsGer	urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 urn 3717431100 Project Number (DE-627)1809111056 (DE-599)KXP1809111056 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng XA-DE-ST 52.56 bkl 58.56 bkl FB000656/ENG Schmitter, Sebastian verfasserin (DE-588)133929086 (DE-627)558738281 (DE-576)300198922 aut Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy final report by Sebastian Schmitter, Alexander Alaimo Di Loro, Dominic Hemmer (deBAKOM GmbH, Odenthal); Dr. Dirk Schreckenberg, Stephan Großarth (ZEUS GmbH, Hagen); Dr. Christoph Pörschmann (Cologne University of Applied Sciences, Cologne); Dr. Till Kühner (Dr. Kühner GmbH, Langenfeld) ; on behalf of the German Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt) ; publisher: Umweltbundesamt ; report performed by: deBAKOM GmbH ; edited by: Section I 2.4 Noise Abatement of Industrial Plants and Products, Noise Impact, Steffen Körper Report completed in: 01/09/2021 Dessau-Roßlau Umweltbundesamt June 2022 1 Online-Ressource (251 Seiten, 14,6 MB) Illustrationen, Diagramme Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Texte / Umweltbundesamt 2022, 70 Deliberations concerning the planning and approval of wind turbines often revolve around the issue of noise. A wide range of questions are raised that concern both noise generation and noise reduction as well as the impact of noise on the health and quality of life of the population. The present publication, ‘Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy’, contains the results of a research project that investigated the impact of wind turbine noise. The focus of the research was on a particular sound characteristic of wind turbines known as ‘amplitude-modulated noise’. A frequently discussed thesis is that this particular sound characteristic, describable for example as a ‘whoosh’ sound, leads to increased awareness of noise and annoyance among residents. A key aim of the research was to investigate the frequency, duration and intensity of amplitude modulations caused by wind turbines, and to determine whether these are audible and measurable in the surrounding vicinity. Hence, in addition to measurements, the people who live in the vicinity of wind turbines were interviewed as well. The work to address this question was divided into five priority tasks: - Long-term sonic measurements in the emission and immission area over a period of at least two and up to six weeks, conducted in five study areas distributed throughout Germany. - Infrasound measurements in connection with amplitude modulation. - Analysis of the measurements using a method for the detection of amplitude modulation that was developed within the scope of this project. - Surveys of noise annoyance on the part of surrounding area residents in all five study areas. - Listening tests were also carried out in three of the study areas. The findings gleaned were as follows: - The median modulation depth on the immission side falls between 1.5 and 2.5 dB. - Only in one of the five study areas was it possible to identify a relationship of capacity dependency between the wind turbine and the frequency/modulation depth; this relationship was more pronounced in crosswind situations. Infrasound caused by wind turbines was detected in all of the study areas. The levels were always below the auditory threshold defined pursuant to DIN 45680 (Beuth 1997). In the listening test, the level of annoyance grew as the modulation depth increased. The results also showed that even the mere perceptibility of an amplitude modulation increases the level of annoyance reported by test subjects. On average, across all study areas and noise levels, participants in the annoyance survey found that the annoyance due to wind turbine noise was relatively low. Once the noise rating level at a residential building exceeds a value of approx. 35 dB(A), however, there is a sharp rise in the percentage of respondents who report that they feel annoyed or highly annoyed. Sound characteristics such as ‘whooshing’, ‘rushing’ and non-acoustic factors (attitude towards wind turbines and visual impact) are factors that have a considerable influence on the annoyance due to wind turbine noise. Self-reported noise annoyance correspond with the frequency of occurrence of identified, stable amplitude modulations. Archivierung/Langzeitarchivierung gewährleistet 2022 PEST XA-DE-ST pdager DE-3 Forschungsbericht (DE-588)4155043-2 (DE-627)10467444X (DE-576)209815833 gnd-content Loro, Alexander Alaimo Di verfasserin aut Hemmer, Dominic verfasserin aut Schreckenberg, Dirk 1966- verfasserin (DE-588)1179218612 (DE-627)1066678804 (DE-576)518139514 aut Großarth, Stephan verfasserin aut Pörschmann, Christoph 1970- verfasserin (DE-588)123085551 (DE-627)706155270 (DE-576)354777378 aut Kühner, Till Detlef 1972- verfasserin (DE-588)121491986 (DE-627)705488829 (DE-576)292737661 aut Körper, Steffen herausgeberin edt Deutschland Umweltbundesamt Herausgebendes Organ (DE-588)2116834-9 (DE-627)101508158 (DE-576)193757982 isb pat deBAKOM GmbH MitwirkendeR ctb Parallele Sprachausgabe deutsch Schmitter, Sebastian Geräuschwirkungen bei der Nutzung von Windenergie an Land Abschlussdatum: September 2021 Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt, 2022 1 Online-Ressource (244 Seiten, 13,4 MB) (DE-627)1809115221 Deutschland Umweltbundesamt Texte 2022, 70 2022,70 (DE-627)505871920 (DE-576)393836681 (DE-600)2217663-9 ns http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 Resolving-System Langzeitarchivierung kostenfrei https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/sites/default/files/medien/479/publikationen/texte_70-2022_noise_effects_of_the_use_of_land-based_wind_energy.pdf Verlag kostenfrei https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen/noise-effects-of-the-use-of-land-based-wind-energy Verlag kostenfrei OAEPF-ST-GESAMT GBV-UBA-Texte GBV_ILN_22 ISIL_DE-18 SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_63 ISIL_DE-Wim2 GBV_ILN_65 ISIL_DE-3 GBV_ILN_70 ISIL_DE-89 GBV_ILN_151 ISIL_DE-546 GBV_ILN_370 ISIL_DE-1373 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER 52.56 Regenerative Energieformen alternative Energieformen (DE-627)106419986 58.56 Lärmschutz Erschütterungsdämpfung (DE-627)106420801 BO 22 01 0018 4175934197 SUBolre zu 05-08-22 63 01 3401 4341408860 UBA-Texte Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 21-06-23 65 01 0003 416125928X 03 --%%-- eBook --%%-- --%%-- k3po 05-07-22 70 01 0089 4164358351 zf 12-07-22 151 01 0546 435356286X OLR-GBV-UBA-Texte Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt z 13-07-23 370 01 4370 4353613774 olr-free Kostenloser Zugriff z 13-07-23 2403 01 DE-LFER 4190076295 00 --%%-- --%%-- n --%%-- l01 19-09-22 63 01 3401 E-Book http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 151 01 0546 Volltext http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 2403 01 DE-LFER http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 22 01 0018 SUBolre 63 01 3401 UBA-Texte 151 01 0546 OLR-GBV-UBA-Texte 370 01 4370 olr-free
allfieldsSound	urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 urn 3717431100 Project Number (DE-627)1809111056 (DE-599)KXP1809111056 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng XA-DE-ST 52.56 bkl 58.56 bkl FB000656/ENG Schmitter, Sebastian verfasserin (DE-588)133929086 (DE-627)558738281 (DE-576)300198922 aut Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy final report by Sebastian Schmitter, Alexander Alaimo Di Loro, Dominic Hemmer (deBAKOM GmbH, Odenthal); Dr. Dirk Schreckenberg, Stephan Großarth (ZEUS GmbH, Hagen); Dr. Christoph Pörschmann (Cologne University of Applied Sciences, Cologne); Dr. Till Kühner (Dr. Kühner GmbH, Langenfeld) ; on behalf of the German Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt) ; publisher: Umweltbundesamt ; report performed by: deBAKOM GmbH ; edited by: Section I 2.4 Noise Abatement of Industrial Plants and Products, Noise Impact, Steffen Körper Report completed in: 01/09/2021 Dessau-Roßlau Umweltbundesamt June 2022 1 Online-Ressource (251 Seiten, 14,6 MB) Illustrationen, Diagramme Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Texte / Umweltbundesamt 2022, 70 Deliberations concerning the planning and approval of wind turbines often revolve around the issue of noise. A wide range of questions are raised that concern both noise generation and noise reduction as well as the impact of noise on the health and quality of life of the population. The present publication, ‘Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy’, contains the results of a research project that investigated the impact of wind turbine noise. The focus of the research was on a particular sound characteristic of wind turbines known as ‘amplitude-modulated noise’. A frequently discussed thesis is that this particular sound characteristic, describable for example as a ‘whoosh’ sound, leads to increased awareness of noise and annoyance among residents. A key aim of the research was to investigate the frequency, duration and intensity of amplitude modulations caused by wind turbines, and to determine whether these are audible and measurable in the surrounding vicinity. Hence, in addition to measurements, the people who live in the vicinity of wind turbines were interviewed as well. The work to address this question was divided into five priority tasks: - Long-term sonic measurements in the emission and immission area over a period of at least two and up to six weeks, conducted in five study areas distributed throughout Germany. - Infrasound measurements in connection with amplitude modulation. - Analysis of the measurements using a method for the detection of amplitude modulation that was developed within the scope of this project. - Surveys of noise annoyance on the part of surrounding area residents in all five study areas. - Listening tests were also carried out in three of the study areas. The findings gleaned were as follows: - The median modulation depth on the immission side falls between 1.5 and 2.5 dB. - Only in one of the five study areas was it possible to identify a relationship of capacity dependency between the wind turbine and the frequency/modulation depth; this relationship was more pronounced in crosswind situations. Infrasound caused by wind turbines was detected in all of the study areas. The levels were always below the auditory threshold defined pursuant to DIN 45680 (Beuth 1997). In the listening test, the level of annoyance grew as the modulation depth increased. The results also showed that even the mere perceptibility of an amplitude modulation increases the level of annoyance reported by test subjects. On average, across all study areas and noise levels, participants in the annoyance survey found that the annoyance due to wind turbine noise was relatively low. Once the noise rating level at a residential building exceeds a value of approx. 35 dB(A), however, there is a sharp rise in the percentage of respondents who report that they feel annoyed or highly annoyed. Sound characteristics such as ‘whooshing’, ‘rushing’ and non-acoustic factors (attitude towards wind turbines and visual impact) are factors that have a considerable influence on the annoyance due to wind turbine noise. Self-reported noise annoyance correspond with the frequency of occurrence of identified, stable amplitude modulations. Archivierung/Langzeitarchivierung gewährleistet 2022 PEST XA-DE-ST pdager DE-3 Forschungsbericht (DE-588)4155043-2 (DE-627)10467444X (DE-576)209815833 gnd-content Loro, Alexander Alaimo Di verfasserin aut Hemmer, Dominic verfasserin aut Schreckenberg, Dirk 1966- verfasserin (DE-588)1179218612 (DE-627)1066678804 (DE-576)518139514 aut Großarth, Stephan verfasserin aut Pörschmann, Christoph 1970- verfasserin (DE-588)123085551 (DE-627)706155270 (DE-576)354777378 aut Kühner, Till Detlef 1972- verfasserin (DE-588)121491986 (DE-627)705488829 (DE-576)292737661 aut Körper, Steffen herausgeberin edt Deutschland Umweltbundesamt Herausgebendes Organ (DE-588)2116834-9 (DE-627)101508158 (DE-576)193757982 isb pat deBAKOM GmbH MitwirkendeR ctb Parallele Sprachausgabe deutsch Schmitter, Sebastian Geräuschwirkungen bei der Nutzung von Windenergie an Land Abschlussdatum: September 2021 Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt, 2022 1 Online-Ressource (244 Seiten, 13,4 MB) (DE-627)1809115221 Deutschland Umweltbundesamt Texte 2022, 70 2022,70 (DE-627)505871920 (DE-576)393836681 (DE-600)2217663-9 ns http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 Resolving-System Langzeitarchivierung kostenfrei https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/sites/default/files/medien/479/publikationen/texte_70-2022_noise_effects_of_the_use_of_land-based_wind_energy.pdf Verlag kostenfrei https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen/noise-effects-of-the-use-of-land-based-wind-energy Verlag kostenfrei OAEPF-ST-GESAMT GBV-UBA-Texte GBV_ILN_22 ISIL_DE-18 SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_63 ISIL_DE-Wim2 GBV_ILN_65 ISIL_DE-3 GBV_ILN_70 ISIL_DE-89 GBV_ILN_151 ISIL_DE-546 GBV_ILN_370 ISIL_DE-1373 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER 52.56 Regenerative Energieformen alternative Energieformen (DE-627)106419986 58.56 Lärmschutz Erschütterungsdämpfung (DE-627)106420801 BO 22 01 0018 4175934197 SUBolre zu 05-08-22 63 01 3401 4341408860 UBA-Texte Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 21-06-23 65 01 0003 416125928X 03 --%%-- eBook --%%-- --%%-- k3po 05-07-22 70 01 0089 4164358351 zf 12-07-22 151 01 0546 435356286X OLR-GBV-UBA-Texte Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt z 13-07-23 370 01 4370 4353613774 olr-free Kostenloser Zugriff z 13-07-23 2403 01 DE-LFER 4190076295 00 --%%-- --%%-- n --%%-- l01 19-09-22 63 01 3401 E-Book http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 151 01 0546 Volltext http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 2403 01 DE-LFER http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 22 01 0018 SUBolre 63 01 3401 UBA-Texte 151 01 0546 OLR-GBV-UBA-Texte 370 01 4370 olr-free
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fullrecord	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000cam a2200265 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">1809111056</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20240513234618.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">220705s2022 gw \|\|\|\|\|ot 00\| \|\|eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383</subfield><subfield code="2">urn</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="024" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">3717431100</subfield><subfield code="q">Project Number</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)1809111056</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)KXP1809111056</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="044" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="c">XA-DE-ST</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">52.56</subfield><subfield code="2">bkl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">58.56</subfield><subfield code="2">bkl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="088" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">FB000656/ENG</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Schmitter, Sebastian</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)133929086</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-627)558738281</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-576)300198922</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy</subfield><subfield code="b">final report</subfield><subfield code="c">by Sebastian Schmitter, Alexander Alaimo Di Loro, Dominic Hemmer (deBAKOM GmbH, Odenthal); Dr. Dirk Schreckenberg, Stephan Großarth (ZEUS GmbH, Hagen); Dr. Christoph Pörschmann (Cologne University of Applied Sciences, Cologne); Dr. Till Kühner (Dr. Kühner GmbH, Langenfeld) ; on behalf of the German Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt) ; publisher: Umweltbundesamt ; report performed by: deBAKOM GmbH ; edited by: Section I 2.4 Noise Abatement of Industrial Plants and Products, Noise Impact, Steffen Körper</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="250" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Report completed in: 01/09/2021</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Dessau-Roßlau</subfield><subfield code="b">Umweltbundesamt</subfield><subfield code="c">June 2022</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1 Online-Ressource (251 Seiten, 14,6 MB)</subfield><subfield code="b">Illustrationen, Diagramme</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Texte / Umweltbundesamt</subfield><subfield code="v">2022, 70</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Deliberations concerning the planning and approval of wind turbines often revolve around the issue of noise. A wide range of questions are raised that concern both noise generation and noise reduction as well as the impact of noise on the health and quality of life of the population. The present publication, ‘Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy’, contains the results of a research project that investigated the impact of wind turbine noise. The focus of the research was on a particular sound characteristic of wind turbines known as ‘amplitude-modulated noise’. A frequently discussed thesis is that this particular sound characteristic, describable for example as a ‘whoosh’ sound, leads to increased awareness of noise and annoyance among residents. A key aim of the research was to investigate the frequency, duration and intensity of amplitude modulations caused by wind turbines, and to determine whether these are audible and measurable in the surrounding vicinity. Hence, in addition to measurements, the people who live in the vicinity of wind turbines were interviewed as well. The work to address this question was divided into five priority tasks: - Long-term sonic measurements in the emission and immission area over a period of at least two and up to six weeks, conducted in five study areas distributed throughout Germany. - Infrasound measurements in connection with amplitude modulation. - Analysis of the measurements using a method for the detection of amplitude modulation that was developed within the scope of this project. - Surveys of noise annoyance on the part of surrounding area residents in all five study areas. - Listening tests were also carried out in three of the study areas. The findings gleaned were as follows: - The median modulation depth on the immission side falls between 1.5 and 2.5 dB. - Only in one of the five study areas was it possible to identify a relationship of capacity dependency between the wind turbine and the frequency/modulation depth; this relationship was more pronounced in crosswind situations. Infrasound caused by wind turbines was detected in all of the study areas. The levels were always below the auditory threshold defined pursuant to DIN 45680 (Beuth 1997). In the listening test, the level of annoyance grew as the modulation depth increased. The results also showed that even the mere perceptibility of an amplitude modulation increases the level of annoyance reported by test subjects. On average, across all study areas and noise levels, participants in the annoyance survey found that the annoyance due to wind turbine noise was relatively low. Once the noise rating level at a residential building exceeds a value of approx. 35 dB(A), however, there is a sharp rise in the percentage of respondents who report that they feel annoyed or highly annoyed. Sound characteristics such as ‘whooshing’, ‘rushing’ and non-acoustic factors (attitude towards wind turbines and visual impact) are factors that have a considerable influence on the annoyance due to wind turbine noise. 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title_full	Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy final report by Sebastian Schmitter, Alexander Alaimo Di Loro, Dominic Hemmer (deBAKOM GmbH, Odenthal); Dr. Dirk Schreckenberg, Stephan Großarth (ZEUS GmbH, Hagen); Dr. Christoph Pörschmann (Cologne University of Applied Sciences, Cologne); Dr. Till Kühner (Dr. Kühner GmbH, Langenfeld) ; on behalf of the German Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt) ; publisher: Umweltbundesamt ; report performed by: deBAKOM GmbH ; edited by: Section I 2.4 Noise Abatement of Industrial Plants and Products, Noise Impact, Steffen Körper
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title_sort	noise effects of the use of land-based wind energyfinal report
title_auth	Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy final report
abstract	Deliberations concerning the planning and approval of wind turbines often revolve around the issue of noise. A wide range of questions are raised that concern both noise generation and noise reduction as well as the impact of noise on the health and quality of life of the population. The present publication, ‘Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy’, contains the results of a research project that investigated the impact of wind turbine noise. The focus of the research was on a particular sound characteristic of wind turbines known as ‘amplitude-modulated noise’. A frequently discussed thesis is that this particular sound characteristic, describable for example as a ‘whoosh’ sound, leads to increased awareness of noise and annoyance among residents. A key aim of the research was to investigate the frequency, duration and intensity of amplitude modulations caused by wind turbines, and to determine whether these are audible and measurable in the surrounding vicinity. Hence, in addition to measurements, the people who live in the vicinity of wind turbines were interviewed as well. The work to address this question was divided into five priority tasks: - Long-term sonic measurements in the emission and immission area over a period of at least two and up to six weeks, conducted in five study areas distributed throughout Germany. - Infrasound measurements in connection with amplitude modulation. - Analysis of the measurements using a method for the detection of amplitude modulation that was developed within the scope of this project. - Surveys of noise annoyance on the part of surrounding area residents in all five study areas. - Listening tests were also carried out in three of the study areas. The findings gleaned were as follows: - The median modulation depth on the immission side falls between 1.5 and 2.5 dB. - Only in one of the five study areas was it possible to identify a relationship of capacity dependency between the wind turbine and the frequency/modulation depth; this relationship was more pronounced in crosswind situations. Infrasound caused by wind turbines was detected in all of the study areas. The levels were always below the auditory threshold defined pursuant to DIN 45680 (Beuth 1997). In the listening test, the level of annoyance grew as the modulation depth increased. The results also showed that even the mere perceptibility of an amplitude modulation increases the level of annoyance reported by test subjects. On average, across all study areas and noise levels, participants in the annoyance survey found that the annoyance due to wind turbine noise was relatively low. Once the noise rating level at a residential building exceeds a value of approx. 35 dB(A), however, there is a sharp rise in the percentage of respondents who report that they feel annoyed or highly annoyed. Sound characteristics such as ‘whooshing’, ‘rushing’ and non-acoustic factors (attitude towards wind turbines and visual impact) are factors that have a considerable influence on the annoyance due to wind turbine noise. Self-reported noise annoyance correspond with the frequency of occurrence of identified, stable amplitude modulations.
abstractGer	Deliberations concerning the planning and approval of wind turbines often revolve around the issue of noise. A wide range of questions are raised that concern both noise generation and noise reduction as well as the impact of noise on the health and quality of life of the population. The present publication, ‘Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy’, contains the results of a research project that investigated the impact of wind turbine noise. The focus of the research was on a particular sound characteristic of wind turbines known as ‘amplitude-modulated noise’. A frequently discussed thesis is that this particular sound characteristic, describable for example as a ‘whoosh’ sound, leads to increased awareness of noise and annoyance among residents. A key aim of the research was to investigate the frequency, duration and intensity of amplitude modulations caused by wind turbines, and to determine whether these are audible and measurable in the surrounding vicinity. Hence, in addition to measurements, the people who live in the vicinity of wind turbines were interviewed as well. The work to address this question was divided into five priority tasks: - Long-term sonic measurements in the emission and immission area over a period of at least two and up to six weeks, conducted in five study areas distributed throughout Germany. - Infrasound measurements in connection with amplitude modulation. - Analysis of the measurements using a method for the detection of amplitude modulation that was developed within the scope of this project. - Surveys of noise annoyance on the part of surrounding area residents in all five study areas. - Listening tests were also carried out in three of the study areas. The findings gleaned were as follows: - The median modulation depth on the immission side falls between 1.5 and 2.5 dB. - Only in one of the five study areas was it possible to identify a relationship of capacity dependency between the wind turbine and the frequency/modulation depth; this relationship was more pronounced in crosswind situations. Infrasound caused by wind turbines was detected in all of the study areas. The levels were always below the auditory threshold defined pursuant to DIN 45680 (Beuth 1997). In the listening test, the level of annoyance grew as the modulation depth increased. The results also showed that even the mere perceptibility of an amplitude modulation increases the level of annoyance reported by test subjects. On average, across all study areas and noise levels, participants in the annoyance survey found that the annoyance due to wind turbine noise was relatively low. Once the noise rating level at a residential building exceeds a value of approx. 35 dB(A), however, there is a sharp rise in the percentage of respondents who report that they feel annoyed or highly annoyed. Sound characteristics such as ‘whooshing’, ‘rushing’ and non-acoustic factors (attitude towards wind turbines and visual impact) are factors that have a considerable influence on the annoyance due to wind turbine noise. Self-reported noise annoyance correspond with the frequency of occurrence of identified, stable amplitude modulations.
abstract_unstemmed	Deliberations concerning the planning and approval of wind turbines often revolve around the issue of noise. A wide range of questions are raised that concern both noise generation and noise reduction as well as the impact of noise on the health and quality of life of the population. The present publication, ‘Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy’, contains the results of a research project that investigated the impact of wind turbine noise. The focus of the research was on a particular sound characteristic of wind turbines known as ‘amplitude-modulated noise’. A frequently discussed thesis is that this particular sound characteristic, describable for example as a ‘whoosh’ sound, leads to increased awareness of noise and annoyance among residents. A key aim of the research was to investigate the frequency, duration and intensity of amplitude modulations caused by wind turbines, and to determine whether these are audible and measurable in the surrounding vicinity. Hence, in addition to measurements, the people who live in the vicinity of wind turbines were interviewed as well. The work to address this question was divided into five priority tasks: - Long-term sonic measurements in the emission and immission area over a period of at least two and up to six weeks, conducted in five study areas distributed throughout Germany. - Infrasound measurements in connection with amplitude modulation. - Analysis of the measurements using a method for the detection of amplitude modulation that was developed within the scope of this project. - Surveys of noise annoyance on the part of surrounding area residents in all five study areas. - Listening tests were also carried out in three of the study areas. The findings gleaned were as follows: - The median modulation depth on the immission side falls between 1.5 and 2.5 dB. - Only in one of the five study areas was it possible to identify a relationship of capacity dependency between the wind turbine and the frequency/modulation depth; this relationship was more pronounced in crosswind situations. Infrasound caused by wind turbines was detected in all of the study areas. The levels were always below the auditory threshold defined pursuant to DIN 45680 (Beuth 1997). In the listening test, the level of annoyance grew as the modulation depth increased. The results also showed that even the mere perceptibility of an amplitude modulation increases the level of annoyance reported by test subjects. On average, across all study areas and noise levels, participants in the annoyance survey found that the annoyance due to wind turbine noise was relatively low. Once the noise rating level at a residential building exceeds a value of approx. 35 dB(A), however, there is a sharp rise in the percentage of respondents who report that they feel annoyed or highly annoyed. Sound characteristics such as ‘whooshing’, ‘rushing’ and non-acoustic factors (attitude towards wind turbines and visual impact) are factors that have a considerable influence on the annoyance due to wind turbine noise. Self-reported noise annoyance correspond with the frequency of occurrence of identified, stable amplitude modulations.
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title_short	Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy
url	http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-885383 https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/sites/default/files/medien/479/publikationen/texte_70-2022_noise_effects_of_the_use_of_land-based_wind_energy.pdf https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen/noise-effects-of-the-use-of-land-based-wind-energy
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Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy : final report

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