Chapter Longitudinal profile of a set of biomarkers in predicting Covid-19 mortality using joint models
In survival analysis, time-varying covariates are endogenous when their measurements are directly related to the event status and incomplete information occur at random points during the follow-up. Consequently, the time-dependent Cox model leads to biased estimates. Joint models (JM) allow to corre...
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| Autor*in: |
Ferrante, Pasquale [verfasserIn] Di Maso, Matteo [verfasserIn] Ferraroni, Monica [verfasserIn] Delbue, Serena [verfasserIn] Ambrogi, Federico [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Book |
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| Sprache: |
Unbestimmt |
| Erschienen: |
Florence: Firenze University Press ; 2021 |
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| Rechteinformationen: |
Open Access Creative Commons ; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Umfang: |
1 Online-Ressource (6 p.) |
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| Reihe: |
Proceedings e report |
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| Links: | |
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| ISBN: |
978-88-5518-461-8 |
| Katalog-ID: |
1832253457 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Chapter Longitudinal profile of a set of biomarkers in predicting Covid-19 mortality using joint models |
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| 520 | |a In survival analysis, time-varying covariates are endogenous when their measurements are directly related to the event status and incomplete information occur at random points during the follow-up. Consequently, the time-dependent Cox model leads to biased estimates. Joint models (JM) allow to correctly estimate these associations combining a survival and longitudinal sub-models by means of a shared parameter (i.e., random effects of the longitudinal sub-model are inserted in the survival one). This study aims at showing the use of JM to evaluate the association between a set of inflammatory biomarkers and Covid-19 mortality. During Covid-19 pandemic, physicians at Istituto Clinico di Città Studi in Milan collected biomarkers (endogenous time-varying covariates) to understand what might be used as prognostic factors for mortality. Furthermore, in the first epidemic outbreak, physicians did not have standard clinical protocols for management of Covid-19 disease and measurements of biomarkers were highly incomplete especially at the baseline. Between February and March 2020, a total of 403 COVID-19 patients were admitted. Baseline characteristics included sex and age, whereas biomarkers measurements, during hospital stay, included log-ferritin, log-lymphocytes, log-neutrophil granulocytes, log-C-reactive protein, glucose and LDH. A Bayesian approach using Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm were used for fitting JM. Independent and non-informative priors for the fixed effects (age and sex) and for shared parameters were used. Hazard ratios (HR) from a (biased) time-dependent Cox and joint models for log-ferritin levels were 2.10 (1.67-2.64) and 1.73 (1.38-2.20), respectively. In multivariable JM, doubling of biomarker levels resulted in a significantly increase of mortality risk for log-neutrophil granulocytes, HR=1.78 (1.16-2.69); for log-C-reactive protein, HR=1.44 (1.13-1.83); and for LDH, HR=1.28 (1.09-1.49). Increasing of 100 mg/dl of glucose resulted in a HR=2.44 (1.28-4.26). Age, however, showed the strongest effect with mortality risk starting to rise from 60 years | ||
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9788855184618 978-88-5518-461-8 20.500.12854/92240 hdl (DE-627)1832253457 (DE-599)KEP083939172 (OCoLC)1366223106 (DOAB)92240 (EBP)083939172 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda und JHBC bicssc Ferrante, Pasquale verfasserin aut Chapter Longitudinal profile of a set of biomarkers in predicting Covid-19 mortality using joint models Florence Firenze University Press 2021 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.) Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Proceedings e report Open Access Unrestricted online access star In survival analysis, time-varying covariates are endogenous when their measurements are directly related to the event status and incomplete information occur at random points during the follow-up. Consequently, the time-dependent Cox model leads to biased estimates. Joint models (JM) allow to correctly estimate these associations combining a survival and longitudinal sub-models by means of a shared parameter (i.e., random effects of the longitudinal sub-model are inserted in the survival one). This study aims at showing the use of JM to evaluate the association between a set of inflammatory biomarkers and Covid-19 mortality. During Covid-19 pandemic, physicians at Istituto Clinico di Città Studi in Milan collected biomarkers (endogenous time-varying covariates) to understand what might be used as prognostic factors for mortality. Furthermore, in the first epidemic outbreak, physicians did not have standard clinical protocols for management of Covid-19 disease and measurements of biomarkers were highly incomplete especially at the baseline. Between February and March 2020, a total of 403 COVID-19 patients were admitted. Baseline characteristics included sex and age, whereas biomarkers measurements, during hospital stay, included log-ferritin, log-lymphocytes, log-neutrophil granulocytes, log-C-reactive protein, glucose and LDH. A Bayesian approach using Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm were used for fitting JM. Independent and non-informative priors for the fixed effects (age and sex) and for shared parameters were used. Hazard ratios (HR) from a (biased) time-dependent Cox and joint models for log-ferritin levels were 2.10 (1.67-2.64) and 1.73 (1.38-2.20), respectively. In multivariable JM, doubling of biomarker levels resulted in a significantly increase of mortality risk for log-neutrophil granulocytes, HR=1.78 (1.16-2.69); for log-C-reactive protein, HR=1.44 (1.13-1.83); and for LDH, HR=1.28 (1.09-1.49). Increasing of 100 mg/dl of glucose resulted in a HR=2.44 (1.28-4.26). Age, however, showed the strongest effect with mortality risk starting to rise from 60 years Creative Commons https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 cc English Social research & statistics Di Maso, Matteo verfasserin aut Ferraroni, Monica verfasserin aut Delbue, Serena verfasserin aut Ambrogi, Federico verfasserin aut https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 X:DOAB Verlag kostenfrei ZDB-94-OAB GBV_ILN_11 ISIL_DE-1a SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 ISIL_DE-84 GBV_ILN_22 ISIL_DE-18 GBV_ILN_23 ISIL_DE-830 GBV_ILN_24 ISIL_DE-8 GBV_ILN_30 ISIL_DE-104 GBV_ILN_31 ISIL_DE-27 GBV_ILN_39 ISIL_DE-547 GBV_ILN_40 ISIL_DE-7 GBV_ILN_60 ISIL_DE-705 GBV_ILN_63 ISIL_DE-Wim2 GBV_ILN_65 ISIL_DE-3 GBV_ILN_70 ISIL_DE-89 GBV_ILN_72 ISIL_DE-35 GBV_ILN_90 ISIL_DE-Hil2 GBV_ILN_91 ISIL_DE-HIL3 GBV_ILN_92 ISIL_DE-33 GBV_ILN_95 ISIL_DE-542 GBV_ILN_105 ISIL_DE-841 GBV_ILN_110 ISIL_DE-Luen4 GBV_ILN_130 ISIL_DE-700 GBV_ILN_131 ISIL_DE-Va1 GBV_ILN_132 ISIL_DE-959 GBV_ILN_136 ISIL_DE-Wis1 GBV_ILN_147 ISIL_DE-Fl3 GBV_ILN_161 ISIL_DE-960 GBV_ILN_213 ISIL_DE-551 GBV_ILN_230 ISIL_DE-552 GBV_ILN_283 ISIL_DE-Ha163 GBV_ILN_285 ISIL_DE-517 GBV_ILN_293 ISIL_DE-960-3 GBV_ILN_370 ISIL_DE-1373 GBV_ILN_635 ISIL_DE-B2138 GBV_ILN_808 GBV_ILN_2011 ISIL_DE-16 GBV_ILN_2014 ISIL_DE-90 GBV_ILN_2018 ISIL_DE-31 GBV_ILN_2034 ISIL_DE-Rt2 GBV_ILN_2037 ISIL_DE-747 GBV_ILN_2050 ISIL_DE-Zi4 GBV_ILN_2108 ISIL_DE-991 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER BO 11 01 0001 4258566748 00 5:LIZFREI --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- k 01-02-23 20 01 0084 4259716530 OLR-DOAB z 01-02-23 22 01 0018 4258893110 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books zu 01-02-23 23 01 0830 425937897X olr-doab f z 01-02-23 24 01 0008 4260365193 OLR-doab z 01-02-23 30 01 0104 4259877739 OLR-OAB Open Access, Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB) z 01-02-23 31 01 0027 4259053663 OLR-DOAB z 01-02-23 39 01 0547 4260040332 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB ke 01-02-23 40 01 0007 4258732540 OLR-DOAB xsn 01-02-23 60 01 0705 427647907X OPENAccess Vervielfältigungen (z.B. 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9788855184618 978-88-5518-461-8 20.500.12854/92240 hdl (DE-627)1832253457 (DE-599)KEP083939172 (OCoLC)1366223106 (DOAB)92240 (EBP)083939172 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda und JHBC bicssc Ferrante, Pasquale verfasserin aut Chapter Longitudinal profile of a set of biomarkers in predicting Covid-19 mortality using joint models Florence Firenze University Press 2021 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.) Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Proceedings e report Open Access Unrestricted online access star In survival analysis, time-varying covariates are endogenous when their measurements are directly related to the event status and incomplete information occur at random points during the follow-up. Consequently, the time-dependent Cox model leads to biased estimates. Joint models (JM) allow to correctly estimate these associations combining a survival and longitudinal sub-models by means of a shared parameter (i.e., random effects of the longitudinal sub-model are inserted in the survival one). This study aims at showing the use of JM to evaluate the association between a set of inflammatory biomarkers and Covid-19 mortality. During Covid-19 pandemic, physicians at Istituto Clinico di Città Studi in Milan collected biomarkers (endogenous time-varying covariates) to understand what might be used as prognostic factors for mortality. Furthermore, in the first epidemic outbreak, physicians did not have standard clinical protocols for management of Covid-19 disease and measurements of biomarkers were highly incomplete especially at the baseline. Between February and March 2020, a total of 403 COVID-19 patients were admitted. Baseline characteristics included sex and age, whereas biomarkers measurements, during hospital stay, included log-ferritin, log-lymphocytes, log-neutrophil granulocytes, log-C-reactive protein, glucose and LDH. A Bayesian approach using Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm were used for fitting JM. Independent and non-informative priors for the fixed effects (age and sex) and for shared parameters were used. Hazard ratios (HR) from a (biased) time-dependent Cox and joint models for log-ferritin levels were 2.10 (1.67-2.64) and 1.73 (1.38-2.20), respectively. In multivariable JM, doubling of biomarker levels resulted in a significantly increase of mortality risk for log-neutrophil granulocytes, HR=1.78 (1.16-2.69); for log-C-reactive protein, HR=1.44 (1.13-1.83); and for LDH, HR=1.28 (1.09-1.49). Increasing of 100 mg/dl of glucose resulted in a HR=2.44 (1.28-4.26). Age, however, showed the strongest effect with mortality risk starting to rise from 60 years Creative Commons https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 cc English Social research & statistics Di Maso, Matteo verfasserin aut Ferraroni, Monica verfasserin aut Delbue, Serena verfasserin aut Ambrogi, Federico verfasserin aut https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 X:DOAB Verlag kostenfrei ZDB-94-OAB GBV_ILN_11 ISIL_DE-1a SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 ISIL_DE-84 GBV_ILN_22 ISIL_DE-18 GBV_ILN_23 ISIL_DE-830 GBV_ILN_24 ISIL_DE-8 GBV_ILN_30 ISIL_DE-104 GBV_ILN_31 ISIL_DE-27 GBV_ILN_39 ISIL_DE-547 GBV_ILN_40 ISIL_DE-7 GBV_ILN_60 ISIL_DE-705 GBV_ILN_63 ISIL_DE-Wim2 GBV_ILN_65 ISIL_DE-3 GBV_ILN_70 ISIL_DE-89 GBV_ILN_72 ISIL_DE-35 GBV_ILN_90 ISIL_DE-Hil2 GBV_ILN_91 ISIL_DE-HIL3 GBV_ILN_92 ISIL_DE-33 GBV_ILN_95 ISIL_DE-542 GBV_ILN_105 ISIL_DE-841 GBV_ILN_110 ISIL_DE-Luen4 GBV_ILN_130 ISIL_DE-700 GBV_ILN_131 ISIL_DE-Va1 GBV_ILN_132 ISIL_DE-959 GBV_ILN_136 ISIL_DE-Wis1 GBV_ILN_147 ISIL_DE-Fl3 GBV_ILN_161 ISIL_DE-960 GBV_ILN_213 ISIL_DE-551 GBV_ILN_230 ISIL_DE-552 GBV_ILN_283 ISIL_DE-Ha163 GBV_ILN_285 ISIL_DE-517 GBV_ILN_293 ISIL_DE-960-3 GBV_ILN_370 ISIL_DE-1373 GBV_ILN_635 ISIL_DE-B2138 GBV_ILN_808 GBV_ILN_2011 ISIL_DE-16 GBV_ILN_2014 ISIL_DE-90 GBV_ILN_2018 ISIL_DE-31 GBV_ILN_2034 ISIL_DE-Rt2 GBV_ILN_2037 ISIL_DE-747 GBV_ILN_2050 ISIL_DE-Zi4 GBV_ILN_2108 ISIL_DE-991 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER BO 11 01 0001 4258566748 00 5:LIZFREI --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- k 01-02-23 20 01 0084 4259716530 OLR-DOAB z 01-02-23 22 01 0018 4258893110 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books zu 01-02-23 23 01 0830 425937897X olr-doab f z 01-02-23 24 01 0008 4260365193 OLR-doab z 01-02-23 30 01 0104 4259877739 OLR-OAB Open Access, Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB) z 01-02-23 31 01 0027 4259053663 OLR-DOAB z 01-02-23 39 01 0547 4260040332 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB ke 01-02-23 40 01 0007 4258732540 OLR-DOAB xsn 01-02-23 60 01 0705 427647907X OPENAccess Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Keine Weitergabe an Dritte. Kein systematisches Downloaden durch Robots. Nur für Angehörige der HSU: Volltextzugang von außerhalb des Campus mit Anmeldung über Shibboleth mit Ihrer Bibliothekskennung z 25-02-23 63 01 3401 426105163X E-Books LF GBV-DOAB z 01-02-23 65 01 0003 426125302X OLR-DOAB Nach dem deutschen Urheberrecht darf das Werk bzw. der Inhalt zum eigenen Gebrauch kostenfrei heruntergeladen, konsumiert, gespeichert oder ausgedruckt, nicht jedoch im Internet bereitgestellt oder an Außenstehende weitergegeben werden! z 01-02-23 70 01 0089 4259214241 OLR-DOAB-OA DOAB Directory of Open Access Books z 01-02-23 72 01 0035 4256370161 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books z 31-01-23 90 01 3090 4260202235 OLR-HILoapen z 01-02-23 91 01 3091 4256708413 OLR-DOAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books z 01-02-23 92 01 0033 4258245461 OLR-Open Access DOAB Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. Das Ebook ist frei zugänglich. z 01-02-23 95 01 3095 4342891603 OLR-OAB Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 24-06-23 105 01 0841 4261597721 OLR-OAB Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 01-02-23 110 01 3110 4260552252 OLR-DOAB Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. Open Access z 01-02-23 130 01 0700 4260717731 OLR-DOAB z 01-02-23 131 01 3131 4466796440 OLR-OA-DOAB Bitte beachten Sie die Nutzungsbedingungen und Copyright-Bestimmungen des Verlages/Herausgebers. z 23-01-24 132 01 0959 4256168273 OLR-OAB Open Access x 31-01-23 136 01 3526 4257973870 OLR-DOAB z 01-02-23 147 01 3528 4261425181 OLR-DOAB frei verfügbar für Europa-Universität Flensburg, Hochschule Flensburg und Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 01-02-23 161 01 0960 4255749507 OLR-DOAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books z 31-01-23 213 01 0551 4257401095 OLR-DOAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books z 01-02-23 230 01 0552 4257643447 OLR-DOAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books z 01-02-23 283 01 3283 4258406171 Vervielfältigungen (z.B. 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Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 11-04-24 808 01 4808 4259555464 OLR-DOAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books zg 01-02-23 2011 01 DE-16 4254467818 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- l01 29-01-23 2014 01 DE-90 4254734395 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- l01 30-01-23 2018 01 DE-31 4254467826 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- n Der Zugriff ist kostenfrei möglich. l01 29-01-23 2034 01 DE-Rt2 4254467834 00 --%%-- eBook n n frei zugänglich l01 29-01-23 2037 01 DE-747 4344052110 00 --%%-- eBook OAPEN Foundation OpenAccess --%%-- n Im Internet frei verfügbar l01 27-06-23 2050 01 DE-Zi4 4254734409 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- n Elektronischer Volltext - Open Access l01 30-01-23 2108 01 DE-991 4254467842 00 --%%-- eBook DOAB --%%-- n Elektronischer Volltext - Campuslizenz l01 29-01-23 2403 01 DE-LFER 4254734417 00 --%%-- --%%-- n --%%-- l01 30-01-23 20 01 0084 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 22 01 0018 Volltextzugang https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 23 01 0830 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 24 01 0008 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 30 01 0104 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 31 01 0027 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 40 01 0007 Volltext, Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 60 01 0705 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 63 01 3401 E-Book https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 65 01 0003 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 65 01 0003 Dieser Titel ist Teil einer Datenbank http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/dbinfo/detail.php?titel_id=11367&bib_id=ulb_hal 70 01 0089 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 72 01 0035 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 90 01 3090 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 91 01 3091 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 92 01 0033 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 95 01 3095 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 105 01 0841 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 110 01 3110 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 130 01 0700 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 131 01 3131 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 132 01 0959 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 136 01 3526 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 147 01 3528 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 161 01 0960 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 LF 213 01 0551 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 230 01 0552 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 283 01 3283 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 285 01 0517 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 293 01 3293 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 LF 370 01 4370 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 635 01 3635 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 808 01 4808 Volltextzugang https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 2011 01 DE-16 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 2014 01 DE-90 Volltext frei verfügbar https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 2034 01 DE-Rt2 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 2037 01 DE-747 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 2050 01 DE-Zi4 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 2108 01 DE-991 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 2403 01 DE-LFER https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 31 01 0027 00 E-Book Open Access 132 01 0959 00 EBooks DOAB Open Access 20 01 0084 OLR-DOAB 22 01 0018 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB 23 01 0830 olr-doab 24 01 0008 OLR-doab 24 01 0008 olr-frei 30 01 0104 OLR-OAB 31 01 0027 OLR-DOAB 39 01 0547 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB 39 01 0547 LF 40 01 0007 OLR-DOAB 60 01 0705 OPENAccess 63 01 3401 E-Books LF GBV-DOAB 65 01 0003 OLR-DOAB 70 01 0089 OLR-DOAB-OA 72 01 0035 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB 90 01 3090 OLR-HILoapen 91 01 3091 OLR-DOAB 92 01 0033 OLR-Open Access DOAB 95 01 3095 OLR-OAB 105 01 0841 OLR-OAB 110 01 3110 OLR-DOAB 130 01 0700 OLR-DOAB 131 01 3131 OLR-OA-DOAB 132 01 0959 OLR-OAB 136 01 3526 OLR-DOAB 147 01 3528 OLR-DOAB 161 01 0960 OLR-DOAB 213 01 0551 OLR-DOAB 230 01 0552 OLR-DOAB 285 01 0517 OLR-DOAB 293 01 3293 OLR-DOAB 370 01 4370 OLR-FREE 370 01 4370 olr-ebook ZDB-94-OAB 635 01 3635 OLR-DOAB 808 01 4808 OLR-DOAB |
| allfields_unstemmed |
9788855184618 978-88-5518-461-8 20.500.12854/92240 hdl (DE-627)1832253457 (DE-599)KEP083939172 (OCoLC)1366223106 (DOAB)92240 (EBP)083939172 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda und JHBC bicssc Ferrante, Pasquale verfasserin aut Chapter Longitudinal profile of a set of biomarkers in predicting Covid-19 mortality using joint models Florence Firenze University Press 2021 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.) Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Proceedings e report Open Access Unrestricted online access star In survival analysis, time-varying covariates are endogenous when their measurements are directly related to the event status and incomplete information occur at random points during the follow-up. Consequently, the time-dependent Cox model leads to biased estimates. Joint models (JM) allow to correctly estimate these associations combining a survival and longitudinal sub-models by means of a shared parameter (i.e., random effects of the longitudinal sub-model are inserted in the survival one). This study aims at showing the use of JM to evaluate the association between a set of inflammatory biomarkers and Covid-19 mortality. During Covid-19 pandemic, physicians at Istituto Clinico di Città Studi in Milan collected biomarkers (endogenous time-varying covariates) to understand what might be used as prognostic factors for mortality. Furthermore, in the first epidemic outbreak, physicians did not have standard clinical protocols for management of Covid-19 disease and measurements of biomarkers were highly incomplete especially at the baseline. Between February and March 2020, a total of 403 COVID-19 patients were admitted. Baseline characteristics included sex and age, whereas biomarkers measurements, during hospital stay, included log-ferritin, log-lymphocytes, log-neutrophil granulocytes, log-C-reactive protein, glucose and LDH. A Bayesian approach using Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm were used for fitting JM. Independent and non-informative priors for the fixed effects (age and sex) and for shared parameters were used. Hazard ratios (HR) from a (biased) time-dependent Cox and joint models for log-ferritin levels were 2.10 (1.67-2.64) and 1.73 (1.38-2.20), respectively. In multivariable JM, doubling of biomarker levels resulted in a significantly increase of mortality risk for log-neutrophil granulocytes, HR=1.78 (1.16-2.69); for log-C-reactive protein, HR=1.44 (1.13-1.83); and for LDH, HR=1.28 (1.09-1.49). Increasing of 100 mg/dl of glucose resulted in a HR=2.44 (1.28-4.26). Age, however, showed the strongest effect with mortality risk starting to rise from 60 years Creative Commons https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 cc English Social research & statistics Di Maso, Matteo verfasserin aut Ferraroni, Monica verfasserin aut Delbue, Serena verfasserin aut Ambrogi, Federico verfasserin aut https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 X:DOAB Verlag kostenfrei ZDB-94-OAB GBV_ILN_11 ISIL_DE-1a SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 ISIL_DE-84 GBV_ILN_22 ISIL_DE-18 GBV_ILN_23 ISIL_DE-830 GBV_ILN_24 ISIL_DE-8 GBV_ILN_30 ISIL_DE-104 GBV_ILN_31 ISIL_DE-27 GBV_ILN_39 ISIL_DE-547 GBV_ILN_40 ISIL_DE-7 GBV_ILN_60 ISIL_DE-705 GBV_ILN_63 ISIL_DE-Wim2 GBV_ILN_65 ISIL_DE-3 GBV_ILN_70 ISIL_DE-89 GBV_ILN_72 ISIL_DE-35 GBV_ILN_90 ISIL_DE-Hil2 GBV_ILN_91 ISIL_DE-HIL3 GBV_ILN_92 ISIL_DE-33 GBV_ILN_95 ISIL_DE-542 GBV_ILN_105 ISIL_DE-841 GBV_ILN_110 ISIL_DE-Luen4 GBV_ILN_130 ISIL_DE-700 GBV_ILN_131 ISIL_DE-Va1 GBV_ILN_132 ISIL_DE-959 GBV_ILN_136 ISIL_DE-Wis1 GBV_ILN_147 ISIL_DE-Fl3 GBV_ILN_161 ISIL_DE-960 GBV_ILN_213 ISIL_DE-551 GBV_ILN_230 ISIL_DE-552 GBV_ILN_283 ISIL_DE-Ha163 GBV_ILN_285 ISIL_DE-517 GBV_ILN_293 ISIL_DE-960-3 GBV_ILN_370 ISIL_DE-1373 GBV_ILN_635 ISIL_DE-B2138 GBV_ILN_808 GBV_ILN_2011 ISIL_DE-16 GBV_ILN_2014 ISIL_DE-90 GBV_ILN_2018 ISIL_DE-31 GBV_ILN_2034 ISIL_DE-Rt2 GBV_ILN_2037 ISIL_DE-747 GBV_ILN_2050 ISIL_DE-Zi4 GBV_ILN_2108 ISIL_DE-991 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER BO 11 01 0001 4258566748 00 5:LIZFREI --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- k 01-02-23 20 01 0084 4259716530 OLR-DOAB z 01-02-23 22 01 0018 4258893110 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books zu 01-02-23 23 01 0830 425937897X olr-doab f z 01-02-23 24 01 0008 4260365193 OLR-doab z 01-02-23 30 01 0104 4259877739 OLR-OAB Open Access, Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB) z 01-02-23 31 01 0027 4259053663 OLR-DOAB z 01-02-23 39 01 0547 4260040332 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB ke 01-02-23 40 01 0007 4258732540 OLR-DOAB xsn 01-02-23 60 01 0705 427647907X OPENAccess Vervielfältigungen (z.B. 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Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 11-04-24 808 01 4808 4259555464 OLR-DOAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books zg 01-02-23 2011 01 DE-16 4254467818 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- l01 29-01-23 2014 01 DE-90 4254734395 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- l01 30-01-23 2018 01 DE-31 4254467826 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- n Der Zugriff ist kostenfrei möglich. l01 29-01-23 2034 01 DE-Rt2 4254467834 00 --%%-- eBook n n frei zugänglich l01 29-01-23 2037 01 DE-747 4344052110 00 --%%-- eBook OAPEN Foundation OpenAccess --%%-- n Im Internet frei verfügbar l01 27-06-23 2050 01 DE-Zi4 4254734409 00 --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- n Elektronischer Volltext - Open Access l01 30-01-23 2108 01 DE-991 4254467842 00 --%%-- eBook DOAB --%%-- n Elektronischer Volltext - Campuslizenz l01 29-01-23 2403 01 DE-LFER 4254734417 00 --%%-- --%%-- n --%%-- l01 30-01-23 20 01 0084 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 22 01 0018 Volltextzugang https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 23 01 0830 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 24 01 0008 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 30 01 0104 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 31 01 0027 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 40 01 0007 Volltext, Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 60 01 0705 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 63 01 3401 E-Book https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 65 01 0003 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 65 01 0003 Dieser Titel ist Teil einer Datenbank http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/dbinfo/detail.php?titel_id=11367&bib_id=ulb_hal 70 01 0089 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 72 01 0035 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 90 01 3090 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 91 01 3091 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 92 01 0033 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 95 01 3095 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 105 01 0841 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 110 01 3110 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 130 01 0700 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 131 01 3131 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 132 01 0959 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 136 01 3526 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 147 01 3528 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 161 01 0960 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 LF 213 01 0551 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 230 01 0552 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 283 01 3283 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 285 01 0517 Open Access https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 293 01 3293 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 LF 370 01 4370 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 635 01 3635 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 808 01 4808 Volltextzugang https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 2011 01 DE-16 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 2014 01 DE-90 Volltext frei verfügbar https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 2034 01 DE-Rt2 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 2037 01 DE-747 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 2050 01 DE-Zi4 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 2108 01 DE-991 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 2403 01 DE-LFER https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 31 01 0027 00 E-Book Open Access 132 01 0959 00 EBooks DOAB Open Access 20 01 0084 OLR-DOAB 22 01 0018 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB 23 01 0830 olr-doab 24 01 0008 OLR-doab 24 01 0008 olr-frei 30 01 0104 OLR-OAB 31 01 0027 OLR-DOAB 39 01 0547 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB 39 01 0547 LF 40 01 0007 OLR-DOAB 60 01 0705 OPENAccess 63 01 3401 E-Books LF GBV-DOAB 65 01 0003 OLR-DOAB 70 01 0089 OLR-DOAB-OA 72 01 0035 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB 90 01 3090 OLR-HILoapen 91 01 3091 OLR-DOAB 92 01 0033 OLR-Open Access DOAB 95 01 3095 OLR-OAB 105 01 0841 OLR-OAB 110 01 3110 OLR-DOAB 130 01 0700 OLR-DOAB 131 01 3131 OLR-OA-DOAB 132 01 0959 OLR-OAB 136 01 3526 OLR-DOAB 147 01 3528 OLR-DOAB 161 01 0960 OLR-DOAB 213 01 0551 OLR-DOAB 230 01 0552 OLR-DOAB 285 01 0517 OLR-DOAB 293 01 3293 OLR-DOAB 370 01 4370 OLR-FREE 370 01 4370 olr-ebook ZDB-94-OAB 635 01 3635 OLR-DOAB 808 01 4808 OLR-DOAB |
| allfieldsGer |
9788855184618 978-88-5518-461-8 20.500.12854/92240 hdl (DE-627)1832253457 (DE-599)KEP083939172 (OCoLC)1366223106 (DOAB)92240 (EBP)083939172 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda und JHBC bicssc Ferrante, Pasquale verfasserin aut Chapter Longitudinal profile of a set of biomarkers in predicting Covid-19 mortality using joint models Florence Firenze University Press 2021 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.) Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Proceedings e report Open Access Unrestricted online access star In survival analysis, time-varying covariates are endogenous when their measurements are directly related to the event status and incomplete information occur at random points during the follow-up. Consequently, the time-dependent Cox model leads to biased estimates. Joint models (JM) allow to correctly estimate these associations combining a survival and longitudinal sub-models by means of a shared parameter (i.e., random effects of the longitudinal sub-model are inserted in the survival one). This study aims at showing the use of JM to evaluate the association between a set of inflammatory biomarkers and Covid-19 mortality. During Covid-19 pandemic, physicians at Istituto Clinico di Città Studi in Milan collected biomarkers (endogenous time-varying covariates) to understand what might be used as prognostic factors for mortality. Furthermore, in the first epidemic outbreak, physicians did not have standard clinical protocols for management of Covid-19 disease and measurements of biomarkers were highly incomplete especially at the baseline. Between February and March 2020, a total of 403 COVID-19 patients were admitted. Baseline characteristics included sex and age, whereas biomarkers measurements, during hospital stay, included log-ferritin, log-lymphocytes, log-neutrophil granulocytes, log-C-reactive protein, glucose and LDH. A Bayesian approach using Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm were used for fitting JM. Independent and non-informative priors for the fixed effects (age and sex) and for shared parameters were used. Hazard ratios (HR) from a (biased) time-dependent Cox and joint models for log-ferritin levels were 2.10 (1.67-2.64) and 1.73 (1.38-2.20), respectively. In multivariable JM, doubling of biomarker levels resulted in a significantly increase of mortality risk for log-neutrophil granulocytes, HR=1.78 (1.16-2.69); for log-C-reactive protein, HR=1.44 (1.13-1.83); and for LDH, HR=1.28 (1.09-1.49). Increasing of 100 mg/dl of glucose resulted in a HR=2.44 (1.28-4.26). Age, however, showed the strongest effect with mortality risk starting to rise from 60 years Creative Commons https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 cc English Social research & statistics Di Maso, Matteo verfasserin aut Ferraroni, Monica verfasserin aut Delbue, Serena verfasserin aut Ambrogi, Federico verfasserin aut https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 X:DOAB Verlag kostenfrei ZDB-94-OAB GBV_ILN_11 ISIL_DE-1a SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 ISIL_DE-84 GBV_ILN_22 ISIL_DE-18 GBV_ILN_23 ISIL_DE-830 GBV_ILN_24 ISIL_DE-8 GBV_ILN_30 ISIL_DE-104 GBV_ILN_31 ISIL_DE-27 GBV_ILN_39 ISIL_DE-547 GBV_ILN_40 ISIL_DE-7 GBV_ILN_60 ISIL_DE-705 GBV_ILN_63 ISIL_DE-Wim2 GBV_ILN_65 ISIL_DE-3 GBV_ILN_70 ISIL_DE-89 GBV_ILN_72 ISIL_DE-35 GBV_ILN_90 ISIL_DE-Hil2 GBV_ILN_91 ISIL_DE-HIL3 GBV_ILN_92 ISIL_DE-33 GBV_ILN_95 ISIL_DE-542 GBV_ILN_105 ISIL_DE-841 GBV_ILN_110 ISIL_DE-Luen4 GBV_ILN_130 ISIL_DE-700 GBV_ILN_131 ISIL_DE-Va1 GBV_ILN_132 ISIL_DE-959 GBV_ILN_136 ISIL_DE-Wis1 GBV_ILN_147 ISIL_DE-Fl3 GBV_ILN_161 ISIL_DE-960 GBV_ILN_213 ISIL_DE-551 GBV_ILN_230 ISIL_DE-552 GBV_ILN_283 ISIL_DE-Ha163 GBV_ILN_285 ISIL_DE-517 GBV_ILN_293 ISIL_DE-960-3 GBV_ILN_370 ISIL_DE-1373 GBV_ILN_635 ISIL_DE-B2138 GBV_ILN_808 GBV_ILN_2011 ISIL_DE-16 GBV_ILN_2014 ISIL_DE-90 GBV_ILN_2018 ISIL_DE-31 GBV_ILN_2034 ISIL_DE-Rt2 GBV_ILN_2037 ISIL_DE-747 GBV_ILN_2050 ISIL_DE-Zi4 GBV_ILN_2108 ISIL_DE-991 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER BO 11 01 0001 4258566748 00 5:LIZFREI --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- k 01-02-23 20 01 0084 4259716530 OLR-DOAB z 01-02-23 22 01 0018 4258893110 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books zu 01-02-23 23 01 0830 425937897X olr-doab f z 01-02-23 24 01 0008 4260365193 OLR-doab z 01-02-23 30 01 0104 4259877739 OLR-OAB Open Access, Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB) z 01-02-23 31 01 0027 4259053663 OLR-DOAB z 01-02-23 39 01 0547 4260040332 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB ke 01-02-23 40 01 0007 4258732540 OLR-DOAB xsn 01-02-23 60 01 0705 427647907X OPENAccess Vervielfältigungen (z.B. 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9788855184618 978-88-5518-461-8 20.500.12854/92240 hdl (DE-627)1832253457 (DE-599)KEP083939172 (OCoLC)1366223106 (DOAB)92240 (EBP)083939172 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda und JHBC bicssc Ferrante, Pasquale verfasserin aut Chapter Longitudinal profile of a set of biomarkers in predicting Covid-19 mortality using joint models Florence Firenze University Press 2021 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.) Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Proceedings e report Open Access Unrestricted online access star In survival analysis, time-varying covariates are endogenous when their measurements are directly related to the event status and incomplete information occur at random points during the follow-up. Consequently, the time-dependent Cox model leads to biased estimates. Joint models (JM) allow to correctly estimate these associations combining a survival and longitudinal sub-models by means of a shared parameter (i.e., random effects of the longitudinal sub-model are inserted in the survival one). This study aims at showing the use of JM to evaluate the association between a set of inflammatory biomarkers and Covid-19 mortality. During Covid-19 pandemic, physicians at Istituto Clinico di Città Studi in Milan collected biomarkers (endogenous time-varying covariates) to understand what might be used as prognostic factors for mortality. Furthermore, in the first epidemic outbreak, physicians did not have standard clinical protocols for management of Covid-19 disease and measurements of biomarkers were highly incomplete especially at the baseline. Between February and March 2020, a total of 403 COVID-19 patients were admitted. Baseline characteristics included sex and age, whereas biomarkers measurements, during hospital stay, included log-ferritin, log-lymphocytes, log-neutrophil granulocytes, log-C-reactive protein, glucose and LDH. A Bayesian approach using Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm were used for fitting JM. Independent and non-informative priors for the fixed effects (age and sex) and for shared parameters were used. Hazard ratios (HR) from a (biased) time-dependent Cox and joint models for log-ferritin levels were 2.10 (1.67-2.64) and 1.73 (1.38-2.20), respectively. In multivariable JM, doubling of biomarker levels resulted in a significantly increase of mortality risk for log-neutrophil granulocytes, HR=1.78 (1.16-2.69); for log-C-reactive protein, HR=1.44 (1.13-1.83); and for LDH, HR=1.28 (1.09-1.49). Increasing of 100 mg/dl of glucose resulted in a HR=2.44 (1.28-4.26). Age, however, showed the strongest effect with mortality risk starting to rise from 60 years Creative Commons https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 cc English Social research & statistics Di Maso, Matteo verfasserin aut Ferraroni, Monica verfasserin aut Delbue, Serena verfasserin aut Ambrogi, Federico verfasserin aut https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240 X:DOAB Verlag kostenfrei ZDB-94-OAB GBV_ILN_11 ISIL_DE-1a SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 ISIL_DE-84 GBV_ILN_22 ISIL_DE-18 GBV_ILN_23 ISIL_DE-830 GBV_ILN_24 ISIL_DE-8 GBV_ILN_30 ISIL_DE-104 GBV_ILN_31 ISIL_DE-27 GBV_ILN_39 ISIL_DE-547 GBV_ILN_40 ISIL_DE-7 GBV_ILN_60 ISIL_DE-705 GBV_ILN_63 ISIL_DE-Wim2 GBV_ILN_65 ISIL_DE-3 GBV_ILN_70 ISIL_DE-89 GBV_ILN_72 ISIL_DE-35 GBV_ILN_90 ISIL_DE-Hil2 GBV_ILN_91 ISIL_DE-HIL3 GBV_ILN_92 ISIL_DE-33 GBV_ILN_95 ISIL_DE-542 GBV_ILN_105 ISIL_DE-841 GBV_ILN_110 ISIL_DE-Luen4 GBV_ILN_130 ISIL_DE-700 GBV_ILN_131 ISIL_DE-Va1 GBV_ILN_132 ISIL_DE-959 GBV_ILN_136 ISIL_DE-Wis1 GBV_ILN_147 ISIL_DE-Fl3 GBV_ILN_161 ISIL_DE-960 GBV_ILN_213 ISIL_DE-551 GBV_ILN_230 ISIL_DE-552 GBV_ILN_283 ISIL_DE-Ha163 GBV_ILN_285 ISIL_DE-517 GBV_ILN_293 ISIL_DE-960-3 GBV_ILN_370 ISIL_DE-1373 GBV_ILN_635 ISIL_DE-B2138 GBV_ILN_808 GBV_ILN_2011 ISIL_DE-16 GBV_ILN_2014 ISIL_DE-90 GBV_ILN_2018 ISIL_DE-31 GBV_ILN_2034 ISIL_DE-Rt2 GBV_ILN_2037 ISIL_DE-747 GBV_ILN_2050 ISIL_DE-Zi4 GBV_ILN_2108 ISIL_DE-991 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER BO 11 01 0001 4258566748 00 5:LIZFREI --%%-- --%%-- --%%-- k 01-02-23 20 01 0084 4259716530 OLR-DOAB z 01-02-23 22 01 0018 4258893110 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books zu 01-02-23 23 01 0830 425937897X olr-doab f z 01-02-23 24 01 0008 4260365193 OLR-doab z 01-02-23 30 01 0104 4259877739 OLR-OAB Open Access, Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB) z 01-02-23 31 01 0027 4259053663 OLR-DOAB z 01-02-23 39 01 0547 4260040332 OLR-ZDB-94-OAB ke 01-02-23 40 01 0007 4258732540 OLR-DOAB xsn 01-02-23 60 01 0705 427647907X OPENAccess Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Keine Weitergabe an Dritte. Kein systematisches Downloaden durch Robots. 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Open Access z 01-02-23 130 01 0700 4260717731 OLR-DOAB z 01-02-23 131 01 3131 4466796440 OLR-OA-DOAB Bitte beachten Sie die Nutzungsbedingungen und Copyright-Bestimmungen des Verlages/Herausgebers. z 23-01-24 132 01 0959 4256168273 OLR-OAB Open Access x 31-01-23 136 01 3526 4257973870 OLR-DOAB z 01-02-23 147 01 3528 4261425181 OLR-DOAB frei verfügbar für Europa-Universität Flensburg, Hochschule Flensburg und Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. z 01-02-23 161 01 0960 4255749507 OLR-DOAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books z 31-01-23 213 01 0551 4257401095 OLR-DOAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books z 01-02-23 230 01 0552 4257643447 OLR-DOAB DOAB Directory of Open Access Books z 01-02-23 283 01 3283 4258406171 Vervielfältigungen (z.B. 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Consequently, the time-dependent Cox model leads to biased estimates. Joint models (JM) allow to correctly estimate these associations combining a survival and longitudinal sub-models by means of a shared parameter (i.e., random effects of the longitudinal sub-model are inserted in the survival one). This study aims at showing the use of JM to evaluate the association between a set of inflammatory biomarkers and Covid-19 mortality. During Covid-19 pandemic, physicians at Istituto Clinico di Città Studi in Milan collected biomarkers (endogenous time-varying covariates) to understand what might be used as prognostic factors for mortality. Furthermore, in the first epidemic outbreak, physicians did not have standard clinical protocols for management of Covid-19 disease and measurements of biomarkers were highly incomplete especially at the baseline. Between February and March 2020, a total of 403 COVID-19 patients were admitted. 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code="a">ISIL_DE-747</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2050</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ISIL_DE-Zi4</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2108</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ISIL_DE-991</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2403</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ISIL_DE-LFER</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="951" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">BO</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">11</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0001</subfield><subfield code="b">4258566748</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">5:LIZFREI</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="y">k</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">20</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0084</subfield><subfield code="b">4259716530</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">22</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0018</subfield><subfield code="b">4258893110</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-ZDB-94-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">zu</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">23</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0830</subfield><subfield code="b">425937897X</subfield><subfield code="h">olr-doab</subfield><subfield code="u">f</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">24</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0008</subfield><subfield code="b">4260365193</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-doab</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">30</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0104</subfield><subfield code="b">4259877739</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Open Access, Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB)</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">31</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0027</subfield><subfield code="b">4259053663</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">39</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0547</subfield><subfield code="b">4260040332</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-ZDB-94-OAB</subfield><subfield code="y">ke</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">40</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0007</subfield><subfield code="b">4258732540</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">xsn</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">60</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0705</subfield><subfield code="b">427647907X</subfield><subfield code="h">OPENAccess</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Keine Weitergabe an Dritte. Kein systematisches Downloaden durch Robots.</subfield><subfield code="k">Nur für Angehörige der HSU: Volltextzugang von außerhalb des Campus mit Anmeldung über Shibboleth mit Ihrer Bibliothekskennung</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">25-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">63</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3401</subfield><subfield code="b">426105163X</subfield><subfield code="h">E-Books LF GBV-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">65</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0003</subfield><subfield code="b">426125302X</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Nach dem deutschen Urheberrecht darf das Werk bzw. der Inhalt zum eigenen Gebrauch kostenfrei heruntergeladen, konsumiert, gespeichert oder ausgedruckt, nicht jedoch im Internet bereitgestellt oder an Außenstehende weitergegeben werden!</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">70</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0089</subfield><subfield code="b">4259214241</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB-OA</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">72</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0035</subfield><subfield code="b">4256370161</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-ZDB-94-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">31-01-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">90</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3090</subfield><subfield code="b">4260202235</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-HILoapen</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">91</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3091</subfield><subfield code="b">4256708413</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">92</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0033</subfield><subfield code="b">4258245461</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-Open Access DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. Das Ebook ist frei zugänglich.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">95</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3095</subfield><subfield code="b">4342891603</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">24-06-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">105</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0841</subfield><subfield code="b">4261597721</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">110</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3110</subfield><subfield code="b">4260552252</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="k">Open Access</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">130</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0700</subfield><subfield code="b">4260717731</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">131</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3131</subfield><subfield code="b">4466796440</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OA-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Bitte beachten Sie die Nutzungsbedingungen und Copyright-Bestimmungen des Verlages/Herausgebers.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">23-01-24</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">132</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0959</subfield><subfield code="b">4256168273</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OAB</subfield><subfield code="u">Open Access</subfield><subfield code="y">x</subfield><subfield code="z">31-01-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">136</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3526</subfield><subfield code="b">4257973870</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">147</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3528</subfield><subfield code="b">4261425181</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">frei verfügbar für Europa-Universität Flensburg, Hochschule Flensburg und Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">161</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0960</subfield><subfield code="b">4255749507</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">31-01-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">213</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0551</subfield><subfield code="b">4257401095</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">230</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0552</subfield><subfield code="b">4257643447</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">283</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3283</subfield><subfield code="b">4258406171</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">285</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0517</subfield><subfield code="b">4260883410</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">293</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3293</subfield><subfield code="b">4256006656</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">31-01-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">370</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">4370</subfield><subfield code="b">4257046236</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-FREE</subfield><subfield code="k">Kostenloser Zugriff</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">635</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3635</subfield><subfield code="b">4510770715</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Open Access. Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">11-04-24</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">808</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">4808</subfield><subfield code="b">4259555464</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">zg</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2011</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-16</subfield><subfield code="b">4254467818</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">29-01-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2014</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-90</subfield><subfield code="b">4254734395</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">30-01-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2018</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-31</subfield><subfield code="b">4254467826</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">n</subfield><subfield code="k">Der Zugriff ist kostenfrei möglich.</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">29-01-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2034</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-Rt2</subfield><subfield code="b">4254467834</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">eBook</subfield><subfield code="e">n</subfield><subfield code="j">n</subfield><subfield code="k">frei zugänglich</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">29-01-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2037</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-747</subfield><subfield code="b">4344052110</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">eBook OAPEN Foundation OpenAccess</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">n</subfield><subfield code="k">Im Internet frei verfügbar</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">27-06-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2050</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-Zi4</subfield><subfield code="b">4254734409</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">n</subfield><subfield code="k">Elektronischer Volltext - Open Access</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">30-01-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2108</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-991</subfield><subfield code="b">4254467842</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">eBook DOAB</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">n</subfield><subfield code="k">Elektronischer Volltext - Campuslizenz</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">29-01-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2403</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-LFER</subfield><subfield code="b">4254734417</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">n</subfield><subfield code="j">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">30-01-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="981" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">20</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0084</subfield><subfield code="r">https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="981" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">22</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0018</subfield><subfield code="y">Volltextzugang</subfield><subfield code="r">https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/92240</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="981" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">23</subfield><subfield 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Chapter Longitudinal profile of a set of biomarkers in predicting Covid-19 mortality using joint models |
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Ferrante, Pasquale Di Maso, Matteo Ferraroni, Monica Delbue, Serena Ambrogi, Federico |
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chapter longitudinal profile of a set of biomarkers in predicting covid-19 mortality using joint models |
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Chapter Longitudinal profile of a set of biomarkers in predicting Covid-19 mortality using joint models |
| abstract |
In survival analysis, time-varying covariates are endogenous when their measurements are directly related to the event status and incomplete information occur at random points during the follow-up. Consequently, the time-dependent Cox model leads to biased estimates. Joint models (JM) allow to correctly estimate these associations combining a survival and longitudinal sub-models by means of a shared parameter (i.e., random effects of the longitudinal sub-model are inserted in the survival one). This study aims at showing the use of JM to evaluate the association between a set of inflammatory biomarkers and Covid-19 mortality. During Covid-19 pandemic, physicians at Istituto Clinico di Città Studi in Milan collected biomarkers (endogenous time-varying covariates) to understand what might be used as prognostic factors for mortality. Furthermore, in the first epidemic outbreak, physicians did not have standard clinical protocols for management of Covid-19 disease and measurements of biomarkers were highly incomplete especially at the baseline. Between February and March 2020, a total of 403 COVID-19 patients were admitted. Baseline characteristics included sex and age, whereas biomarkers measurements, during hospital stay, included log-ferritin, log-lymphocytes, log-neutrophil granulocytes, log-C-reactive protein, glucose and LDH. A Bayesian approach using Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm were used for fitting JM. Independent and non-informative priors for the fixed effects (age and sex) and for shared parameters were used. Hazard ratios (HR) from a (biased) time-dependent Cox and joint models for log-ferritin levels were 2.10 (1.67-2.64) and 1.73 (1.38-2.20), respectively. In multivariable JM, doubling of biomarker levels resulted in a significantly increase of mortality risk for log-neutrophil granulocytes, HR=1.78 (1.16-2.69); for log-C-reactive protein, HR=1.44 (1.13-1.83); and for LDH, HR=1.28 (1.09-1.49). Increasing of 100 mg/dl of glucose resulted in a HR=2.44 (1.28-4.26). Age, however, showed the strongest effect with mortality risk starting to rise from 60 years |
| abstractGer |
In survival analysis, time-varying covariates are endogenous when their measurements are directly related to the event status and incomplete information occur at random points during the follow-up. Consequently, the time-dependent Cox model leads to biased estimates. Joint models (JM) allow to correctly estimate these associations combining a survival and longitudinal sub-models by means of a shared parameter (i.e., random effects of the longitudinal sub-model are inserted in the survival one). This study aims at showing the use of JM to evaluate the association between a set of inflammatory biomarkers and Covid-19 mortality. During Covid-19 pandemic, physicians at Istituto Clinico di Città Studi in Milan collected biomarkers (endogenous time-varying covariates) to understand what might be used as prognostic factors for mortality. Furthermore, in the first epidemic outbreak, physicians did not have standard clinical protocols for management of Covid-19 disease and measurements of biomarkers were highly incomplete especially at the baseline. Between February and March 2020, a total of 403 COVID-19 patients were admitted. Baseline characteristics included sex and age, whereas biomarkers measurements, during hospital stay, included log-ferritin, log-lymphocytes, log-neutrophil granulocytes, log-C-reactive protein, glucose and LDH. A Bayesian approach using Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm were used for fitting JM. Independent and non-informative priors for the fixed effects (age and sex) and for shared parameters were used. Hazard ratios (HR) from a (biased) time-dependent Cox and joint models for log-ferritin levels were 2.10 (1.67-2.64) and 1.73 (1.38-2.20), respectively. In multivariable JM, doubling of biomarker levels resulted in a significantly increase of mortality risk for log-neutrophil granulocytes, HR=1.78 (1.16-2.69); for log-C-reactive protein, HR=1.44 (1.13-1.83); and for LDH, HR=1.28 (1.09-1.49). Increasing of 100 mg/dl of glucose resulted in a HR=2.44 (1.28-4.26). Age, however, showed the strongest effect with mortality risk starting to rise from 60 years |
| abstract_unstemmed |
In survival analysis, time-varying covariates are endogenous when their measurements are directly related to the event status and incomplete information occur at random points during the follow-up. Consequently, the time-dependent Cox model leads to biased estimates. Joint models (JM) allow to correctly estimate these associations combining a survival and longitudinal sub-models by means of a shared parameter (i.e., random effects of the longitudinal sub-model are inserted in the survival one). This study aims at showing the use of JM to evaluate the association between a set of inflammatory biomarkers and Covid-19 mortality. During Covid-19 pandemic, physicians at Istituto Clinico di Città Studi in Milan collected biomarkers (endogenous time-varying covariates) to understand what might be used as prognostic factors for mortality. Furthermore, in the first epidemic outbreak, physicians did not have standard clinical protocols for management of Covid-19 disease and measurements of biomarkers were highly incomplete especially at the baseline. Between February and March 2020, a total of 403 COVID-19 patients were admitted. Baseline characteristics included sex and age, whereas biomarkers measurements, during hospital stay, included log-ferritin, log-lymphocytes, log-neutrophil granulocytes, log-C-reactive protein, glucose and LDH. A Bayesian approach using Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm were used for fitting JM. Independent and non-informative priors for the fixed effects (age and sex) and for shared parameters were used. Hazard ratios (HR) from a (biased) time-dependent Cox and joint models for log-ferritin levels were 2.10 (1.67-2.64) and 1.73 (1.38-2.20), respectively. In multivariable JM, doubling of biomarker levels resulted in a significantly increase of mortality risk for log-neutrophil granulocytes, HR=1.78 (1.16-2.69); for log-C-reactive protein, HR=1.44 (1.13-1.83); and for LDH, HR=1.28 (1.09-1.49). Increasing of 100 mg/dl of glucose resulted in a HR=2.44 (1.28-4.26). Age, however, showed the strongest effect with mortality risk starting to rise from 60 years |
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Chapter Longitudinal profile of a set of biomarkers in predicting Covid-19 mortality using joint models |
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code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="y">k</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">20</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0084</subfield><subfield code="b">4259716530</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">22</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0018</subfield><subfield code="b">4258893110</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-ZDB-94-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">zu</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">23</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0830</subfield><subfield code="b">425937897X</subfield><subfield code="h">olr-doab</subfield><subfield code="u">f</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">24</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0008</subfield><subfield code="b">4260365193</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-doab</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">30</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0104</subfield><subfield code="b">4259877739</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Open Access, Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB)</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">31</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0027</subfield><subfield code="b">4259053663</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">39</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0547</subfield><subfield code="b">4260040332</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-ZDB-94-OAB</subfield><subfield code="y">ke</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">40</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0007</subfield><subfield code="b">4258732540</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">xsn</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">60</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0705</subfield><subfield code="b">427647907X</subfield><subfield code="h">OPENAccess</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Keine Weitergabe an Dritte. Kein systematisches Downloaden durch Robots.</subfield><subfield code="k">Nur für Angehörige der HSU: Volltextzugang von außerhalb des Campus mit Anmeldung über Shibboleth mit Ihrer Bibliothekskennung</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">25-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">63</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3401</subfield><subfield code="b">426105163X</subfield><subfield code="h">E-Books LF GBV-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">65</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0003</subfield><subfield code="b">426125302X</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Nach dem deutschen Urheberrecht darf das Werk bzw. der Inhalt zum eigenen Gebrauch kostenfrei heruntergeladen, konsumiert, gespeichert oder ausgedruckt, nicht jedoch im Internet bereitgestellt oder an Außenstehende weitergegeben werden!</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">70</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0089</subfield><subfield code="b">4259214241</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB-OA</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">72</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0035</subfield><subfield code="b">4256370161</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-ZDB-94-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">31-01-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">90</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3090</subfield><subfield code="b">4260202235</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-HILoapen</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">91</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3091</subfield><subfield code="b">4256708413</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">92</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0033</subfield><subfield code="b">4258245461</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-Open Access DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt. Das Ebook ist frei zugänglich.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">95</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3095</subfield><subfield code="b">4342891603</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">24-06-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">105</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0841</subfield><subfield code="b">4261597721</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">110</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3110</subfield><subfield code="b">4260552252</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="k">Open Access</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">130</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0700</subfield><subfield code="b">4260717731</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">131</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3131</subfield><subfield code="b">4466796440</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OA-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Bitte beachten Sie die Nutzungsbedingungen und Copyright-Bestimmungen des Verlages/Herausgebers.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">23-01-24</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">132</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0959</subfield><subfield code="b">4256168273</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-OAB</subfield><subfield code="u">Open Access</subfield><subfield code="y">x</subfield><subfield code="z">31-01-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">136</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3526</subfield><subfield code="b">4257973870</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">147</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3528</subfield><subfield code="b">4261425181</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">frei verfügbar für Europa-Universität Flensburg, Hochschule Flensburg und Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">161</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0960</subfield><subfield code="b">4255749507</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">31-01-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">213</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0551</subfield><subfield code="b">4257401095</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">230</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0552</subfield><subfield code="b">4257643447</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">283</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3283</subfield><subfield code="b">4258406171</subfield><subfield code="k">Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">285</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">0517</subfield><subfield code="b">4260883410</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">293</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3293</subfield><subfield code="b">4256006656</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">31-01-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">370</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">4370</subfield><subfield code="b">4257046236</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-FREE</subfield><subfield code="k">Kostenloser Zugriff</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">635</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">3635</subfield><subfield code="b">4510770715</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">Open Access. Vervielfältigungen (z.B. Kopien, Downloads) sind nur von einzelnen Kapiteln oder Seiten und nur zum eigenen wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch erlaubt. Die Weitergabe an Dritte sowie systematisches Downloaden sind untersagt.</subfield><subfield code="y">z</subfield><subfield code="z">11-04-24</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">808</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">4808</subfield><subfield code="b">4259555464</subfield><subfield code="h">OLR-DOAB</subfield><subfield code="k">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="y">zg</subfield><subfield code="z">01-02-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2011</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-16</subfield><subfield code="b">4254467818</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">29-01-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2014</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-90</subfield><subfield code="b">4254734395</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">30-01-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2018</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-31</subfield><subfield code="b">4254467826</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">n</subfield><subfield code="k">Der Zugriff ist kostenfrei möglich.</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">29-01-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2034</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-Rt2</subfield><subfield code="b">4254467834</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">eBook</subfield><subfield code="e">n</subfield><subfield code="j">n</subfield><subfield code="k">frei zugänglich</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">29-01-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2037</subfield><subfield code="1">01</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-747</subfield><subfield code="b">4344052110</subfield><subfield code="c">00</subfield><subfield code="f">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="d">eBook OAPEN Foundation OpenAccess</subfield><subfield code="e">--%%--</subfield><subfield code="j">n</subfield><subfield code="k">Im Internet frei verfügbar</subfield><subfield code="y">l01</subfield><subfield code="z">27-06-23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">2050</subfield><subfield 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