The effect of high-skilled emigration, foreign direct investment, and policy on the growth rate of source countries : a panel analysis

We study the effect of the high-skilled emigration rate on the growth rate of the source countries. We incorporate the foreign direct investment and the policy variables into the panel model and also their interactions with the high-skilled emigration rate, as they are related to the network externa...
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Autor*in:	Kim, Jisong [verfasserIn] Lee, Nah Youn [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	June 2016

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: East Asian economic review - Sejong-si : [KIEP, Korean Institute for International Economic Policy], 2016, 20(2016), 2 vom: Juni, Seite 229-275
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:20 ; year:2016 ; number:2 ; month:06 ; pages:229-275

Links:	Volltext Volltext Volltext Terms of use

DOI / URN:	10.11644/KIEP.EAER.2016.20.2.310

Katalog-ID:	1009650009

Internformat


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allfields	10.11644/KIEP.EAER.2016.20.2.310 doi 11159/1474 hdl (DE-627)1009650009 (DE-599)GBV1009650009 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng O15 O43 O50 jelc Kim, Jisong verfasserin (DE-588)1115655264 (DE-627)869848739 (DE-576)477834035 aut The effect of high-skilled emigration, foreign direct investment, and policy on the growth rate of source countries a panel analysis Jisong Kim, Nah Youn Lee June 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier We study the effect of the high-skilled emigration rate on the growth rate of the source countries. We incorporate the foreign direct investment and the policy variables into the panel model and also their interactions with the high-skilled emigration rate, as they are related to the network externality that may be created by the high-skilled emigrants working abroad. We apply the static fixed-effects model and compare it with the results obtained in the dynamic panel model with system generalized methods of moments estimators. We find the negative effect of the high-skilled emigration rate by itself and in its interaction with the foreign direct investment only in the dynamic model. However, we find positive coefficient for the interaction of the high-skilled emigration rate and the civil liberties index, which holds across the static and dynamic specifications. This implies that the effect of the high-skilled emigration rate on the growth rate of the source countries can be positive, and the extent is larger for countries with "poor' civil liberties. The developing countries with low levels of foreign direct investment inflows and "poor' civil liberties can best benefit from the high levels of skilled emigration outward. Through finding significant interactions with other variables, we confirm that the high-skilled emigration should be considered along with other related variables in measuring its impact on growth. The implications offer suggestions for the international trade and aid policies. Lee, Nah Youn verfasserin (DE-588)1115655337 (DE-627)869848909 (DE-576)477834108 aut Enthalten in East Asian economic review Sejong-si : [KIEP, Korean Institute for International Economic Policy], 2016 20(2016), 2 vom: Juni, Seite 229-275 Online-Ressource (DE-627)863610854 (DE-600)2862898-6 (DE-576)475121953 2508-1667 nnns volume:20 year:2016 number:2 month:06 pages:229-275 http://hdl.handle.net/11159/1474 Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext http://dx.doi.org/10.11644/KIEP.EAER.2016.20.2.310 Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext http://www.eaerweb.org/download.jsp?filePath=/j_data/JE0001/2016/v20n2/&fileName=JE0001_2016_v20n2_229.pdf Verlag kostenfrei Volltext http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Verlag Terms of use 46 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ILN_26 ISIL_DE-206 SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 20 2016 2 6 229-275 26 01 0206 1736486500 x1k 22-12-17 26 00 DE-206 56 High-skilled Emigration 26 00 DE-206 56 Brain Drain 26 00 DE-206 56 FDI 26 00 DE-206 56 Democracy 26 00 DE-206 56 Growth Rate
spelling	10.11644/KIEP.EAER.2016.20.2.310 doi 11159/1474 hdl (DE-627)1009650009 (DE-599)GBV1009650009 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng O15 O43 O50 jelc Kim, Jisong verfasserin (DE-588)1115655264 (DE-627)869848739 (DE-576)477834035 aut The effect of high-skilled emigration, foreign direct investment, and policy on the growth rate of source countries a panel analysis Jisong Kim, Nah Youn Lee June 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier We study the effect of the high-skilled emigration rate on the growth rate of the source countries. We incorporate the foreign direct investment and the policy variables into the panel model and also their interactions with the high-skilled emigration rate, as they are related to the network externality that may be created by the high-skilled emigrants working abroad. We apply the static fixed-effects model and compare it with the results obtained in the dynamic panel model with system generalized methods of moments estimators. We find the negative effect of the high-skilled emigration rate by itself and in its interaction with the foreign direct investment only in the dynamic model. However, we find positive coefficient for the interaction of the high-skilled emigration rate and the civil liberties index, which holds across the static and dynamic specifications. This implies that the effect of the high-skilled emigration rate on the growth rate of the source countries can be positive, and the extent is larger for countries with "poor' civil liberties. The developing countries with low levels of foreign direct investment inflows and "poor' civil liberties can best benefit from the high levels of skilled emigration outward. Through finding significant interactions with other variables, we confirm that the high-skilled emigration should be considered along with other related variables in measuring its impact on growth. The implications offer suggestions for the international trade and aid policies. Lee, Nah Youn verfasserin (DE-588)1115655337 (DE-627)869848909 (DE-576)477834108 aut Enthalten in East Asian economic review Sejong-si : [KIEP, Korean Institute for International Economic Policy], 2016 20(2016), 2 vom: Juni, Seite 229-275 Online-Ressource (DE-627)863610854 (DE-600)2862898-6 (DE-576)475121953 2508-1667 nnns volume:20 year:2016 number:2 month:06 pages:229-275 http://hdl.handle.net/11159/1474 Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext http://dx.doi.org/10.11644/KIEP.EAER.2016.20.2.310 Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext http://www.eaerweb.org/download.jsp?filePath=/j_data/JE0001/2016/v20n2/&fileName=JE0001_2016_v20n2_229.pdf Verlag kostenfrei Volltext http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Verlag Terms of use 46 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ILN_26 ISIL_DE-206 SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 20 2016 2 6 229-275 26 01 0206 1736486500 x1k 22-12-17 26 00 DE-206 56 High-skilled Emigration 26 00 DE-206 56 Brain Drain 26 00 DE-206 56 FDI 26 00 DE-206 56 Democracy 26 00 DE-206 56 Growth Rate
allfields_unstemmed	10.11644/KIEP.EAER.2016.20.2.310 doi 11159/1474 hdl (DE-627)1009650009 (DE-599)GBV1009650009 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng O15 O43 O50 jelc Kim, Jisong verfasserin (DE-588)1115655264 (DE-627)869848739 (DE-576)477834035 aut The effect of high-skilled emigration, foreign direct investment, and policy on the growth rate of source countries a panel analysis Jisong Kim, Nah Youn Lee June 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier We study the effect of the high-skilled emigration rate on the growth rate of the source countries. We incorporate the foreign direct investment and the policy variables into the panel model and also their interactions with the high-skilled emigration rate, as they are related to the network externality that may be created by the high-skilled emigrants working abroad. We apply the static fixed-effects model and compare it with the results obtained in the dynamic panel model with system generalized methods of moments estimators. We find the negative effect of the high-skilled emigration rate by itself and in its interaction with the foreign direct investment only in the dynamic model. However, we find positive coefficient for the interaction of the high-skilled emigration rate and the civil liberties index, which holds across the static and dynamic specifications. This implies that the effect of the high-skilled emigration rate on the growth rate of the source countries can be positive, and the extent is larger for countries with "poor' civil liberties. The developing countries with low levels of foreign direct investment inflows and "poor' civil liberties can best benefit from the high levels of skilled emigration outward. Through finding significant interactions with other variables, we confirm that the high-skilled emigration should be considered along with other related variables in measuring its impact on growth. The implications offer suggestions for the international trade and aid policies. Lee, Nah Youn verfasserin (DE-588)1115655337 (DE-627)869848909 (DE-576)477834108 aut Enthalten in East Asian economic review Sejong-si : [KIEP, Korean Institute for International Economic Policy], 2016 20(2016), 2 vom: Juni, Seite 229-275 Online-Ressource (DE-627)863610854 (DE-600)2862898-6 (DE-576)475121953 2508-1667 nnns volume:20 year:2016 number:2 month:06 pages:229-275 http://hdl.handle.net/11159/1474 Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext http://dx.doi.org/10.11644/KIEP.EAER.2016.20.2.310 Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext http://www.eaerweb.org/download.jsp?filePath=/j_data/JE0001/2016/v20n2/&fileName=JE0001_2016_v20n2_229.pdf Verlag kostenfrei Volltext http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Verlag Terms of use 46 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ILN_26 ISIL_DE-206 SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 20 2016 2 6 229-275 26 01 0206 1736486500 x1k 22-12-17 26 00 DE-206 56 High-skilled Emigration 26 00 DE-206 56 Brain Drain 26 00 DE-206 56 FDI 26 00 DE-206 56 Democracy 26 00 DE-206 56 Growth Rate
allfieldsGer	10.11644/KIEP.EAER.2016.20.2.310 doi 11159/1474 hdl (DE-627)1009650009 (DE-599)GBV1009650009 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng O15 O43 O50 jelc Kim, Jisong verfasserin (DE-588)1115655264 (DE-627)869848739 (DE-576)477834035 aut The effect of high-skilled emigration, foreign direct investment, and policy on the growth rate of source countries a panel analysis Jisong Kim, Nah Youn Lee June 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier We study the effect of the high-skilled emigration rate on the growth rate of the source countries. We incorporate the foreign direct investment and the policy variables into the panel model and also their interactions with the high-skilled emigration rate, as they are related to the network externality that may be created by the high-skilled emigrants working abroad. We apply the static fixed-effects model and compare it with the results obtained in the dynamic panel model with system generalized methods of moments estimators. We find the negative effect of the high-skilled emigration rate by itself and in its interaction with the foreign direct investment only in the dynamic model. However, we find positive coefficient for the interaction of the high-skilled emigration rate and the civil liberties index, which holds across the static and dynamic specifications. This implies that the effect of the high-skilled emigration rate on the growth rate of the source countries can be positive, and the extent is larger for countries with "poor' civil liberties. The developing countries with low levels of foreign direct investment inflows and "poor' civil liberties can best benefit from the high levels of skilled emigration outward. Through finding significant interactions with other variables, we confirm that the high-skilled emigration should be considered along with other related variables in measuring its impact on growth. The implications offer suggestions for the international trade and aid policies. Lee, Nah Youn verfasserin (DE-588)1115655337 (DE-627)869848909 (DE-576)477834108 aut Enthalten in East Asian economic review Sejong-si : [KIEP, Korean Institute for International Economic Policy], 2016 20(2016), 2 vom: Juni, Seite 229-275 Online-Ressource (DE-627)863610854 (DE-600)2862898-6 (DE-576)475121953 2508-1667 nnns volume:20 year:2016 number:2 month:06 pages:229-275 http://hdl.handle.net/11159/1474 Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext http://dx.doi.org/10.11644/KIEP.EAER.2016.20.2.310 Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext http://www.eaerweb.org/download.jsp?filePath=/j_data/JE0001/2016/v20n2/&fileName=JE0001_2016_v20n2_229.pdf Verlag kostenfrei Volltext http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Verlag Terms of use 46 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ILN_26 ISIL_DE-206 SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 20 2016 2 6 229-275 26 01 0206 1736486500 x1k 22-12-17 26 00 DE-206 56 High-skilled Emigration 26 00 DE-206 56 Brain Drain 26 00 DE-206 56 FDI 26 00 DE-206 56 Democracy 26 00 DE-206 56 Growth Rate
allfieldsSound	10.11644/KIEP.EAER.2016.20.2.310 doi 11159/1474 hdl (DE-627)1009650009 (DE-599)GBV1009650009 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng O15 O43 O50 jelc Kim, Jisong verfasserin (DE-588)1115655264 (DE-627)869848739 (DE-576)477834035 aut The effect of high-skilled emigration, foreign direct investment, and policy on the growth rate of source countries a panel analysis Jisong Kim, Nah Youn Lee June 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier We study the effect of the high-skilled emigration rate on the growth rate of the source countries. We incorporate the foreign direct investment and the policy variables into the panel model and also their interactions with the high-skilled emigration rate, as they are related to the network externality that may be created by the high-skilled emigrants working abroad. We apply the static fixed-effects model and compare it with the results obtained in the dynamic panel model with system generalized methods of moments estimators. We find the negative effect of the high-skilled emigration rate by itself and in its interaction with the foreign direct investment only in the dynamic model. However, we find positive coefficient for the interaction of the high-skilled emigration rate and the civil liberties index, which holds across the static and dynamic specifications. This implies that the effect of the high-skilled emigration rate on the growth rate of the source countries can be positive, and the extent is larger for countries with "poor' civil liberties. The developing countries with low levels of foreign direct investment inflows and "poor' civil liberties can best benefit from the high levels of skilled emigration outward. Through finding significant interactions with other variables, we confirm that the high-skilled emigration should be considered along with other related variables in measuring its impact on growth. The implications offer suggestions for the international trade and aid policies. Lee, Nah Youn verfasserin (DE-588)1115655337 (DE-627)869848909 (DE-576)477834108 aut Enthalten in East Asian economic review Sejong-si : [KIEP, Korean Institute for International Economic Policy], 2016 20(2016), 2 vom: Juni, Seite 229-275 Online-Ressource (DE-627)863610854 (DE-600)2862898-6 (DE-576)475121953 2508-1667 nnns volume:20 year:2016 number:2 month:06 pages:229-275 http://hdl.handle.net/11159/1474 Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext http://dx.doi.org/10.11644/KIEP.EAER.2016.20.2.310 Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext http://www.eaerweb.org/download.jsp?filePath=/j_data/JE0001/2016/v20n2/&fileName=JE0001_2016_v20n2_229.pdf Verlag kostenfrei Volltext http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Verlag Terms of use 46 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ILN_26 ISIL_DE-206 SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 20 2016 2 6 229-275 26 01 0206 1736486500 x1k 22-12-17 26 00 DE-206 56 High-skilled Emigration 26 00 DE-206 56 Brain Drain 26 00 DE-206 56 FDI 26 00 DE-206 56 Democracy 26 00 DE-206 56 Growth Rate
language	English
source	Enthalten in East Asian economic review 20(2016), 2 vom: Juni, Seite 229-275 volume:20 year:2016 number:2 month:06 pages:229-275
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authorswithroles_txt_mv	Kim, Jisong @@aut@@ Lee, Nah Youn @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2016-06-01T00:00:00Z
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author	Kim, Jisong
spellingShingle	Kim, Jisong jelc O15 26 High-skilled Emigration 26 Brain Drain 26 FDI 26 Democracy 26 Growth Rate The effect of high-skilled emigration, foreign direct investment, and policy on the growth rate of source countries a panel analysis
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topic_title	O15 O43 O50 jelc 26 00 DE-206 56 High-skilled Emigration 26 00 DE-206 56 Brain Drain 26 00 DE-206 56 FDI 26 00 DE-206 56 Democracy 26 00 DE-206 56 Growth Rate The effect of high-skilled emigration, foreign direct investment, and policy on the growth rate of source countries a panel analysis Jisong Kim, Nah Youn Lee
topic	jelc O15 26 High-skilled Emigration 26 Brain Drain 26 FDI 26 Democracy 26 Growth Rate
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title	The effect of high-skilled emigration, foreign direct investment, and policy on the growth rate of source countries a panel analysis
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title_full	The effect of high-skilled emigration, foreign direct investment, and policy on the growth rate of source countries a panel analysis Jisong Kim, Nah Youn Lee
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title_sort	effect of high-skilled emigration, foreign direct investment, and policy on the growth rate of source countriesa panel analysis
title_auth	The effect of high-skilled emigration, foreign direct investment, and policy on the growth rate of source countries a panel analysis
abstract	We study the effect of the high-skilled emigration rate on the growth rate of the source countries. We incorporate the foreign direct investment and the policy variables into the panel model and also their interactions with the high-skilled emigration rate, as they are related to the network externality that may be created by the high-skilled emigrants working abroad. We apply the static fixed-effects model and compare it with the results obtained in the dynamic panel model with system generalized methods of moments estimators. We find the negative effect of the high-skilled emigration rate by itself and in its interaction with the foreign direct investment only in the dynamic model. However, we find positive coefficient for the interaction of the high-skilled emigration rate and the civil liberties index, which holds across the static and dynamic specifications. This implies that the effect of the high-skilled emigration rate on the growth rate of the source countries can be positive, and the extent is larger for countries with "poor' civil liberties. The developing countries with low levels of foreign direct investment inflows and "poor' civil liberties can best benefit from the high levels of skilled emigration outward. Through finding significant interactions with other variables, we confirm that the high-skilled emigration should be considered along with other related variables in measuring its impact on growth. The implications offer suggestions for the international trade and aid policies.
abstractGer	We study the effect of the high-skilled emigration rate on the growth rate of the source countries. We incorporate the foreign direct investment and the policy variables into the panel model and also their interactions with the high-skilled emigration rate, as they are related to the network externality that may be created by the high-skilled emigrants working abroad. We apply the static fixed-effects model and compare it with the results obtained in the dynamic panel model with system generalized methods of moments estimators. We find the negative effect of the high-skilled emigration rate by itself and in its interaction with the foreign direct investment only in the dynamic model. However, we find positive coefficient for the interaction of the high-skilled emigration rate and the civil liberties index, which holds across the static and dynamic specifications. This implies that the effect of the high-skilled emigration rate on the growth rate of the source countries can be positive, and the extent is larger for countries with "poor' civil liberties. The developing countries with low levels of foreign direct investment inflows and "poor' civil liberties can best benefit from the high levels of skilled emigration outward. Through finding significant interactions with other variables, we confirm that the high-skilled emigration should be considered along with other related variables in measuring its impact on growth. The implications offer suggestions for the international trade and aid policies.
abstract_unstemmed	We study the effect of the high-skilled emigration rate on the growth rate of the source countries. We incorporate the foreign direct investment and the policy variables into the panel model and also their interactions with the high-skilled emigration rate, as they are related to the network externality that may be created by the high-skilled emigrants working abroad. We apply the static fixed-effects model and compare it with the results obtained in the dynamic panel model with system generalized methods of moments estimators. We find the negative effect of the high-skilled emigration rate by itself and in its interaction with the foreign direct investment only in the dynamic model. However, we find positive coefficient for the interaction of the high-skilled emigration rate and the civil liberties index, which holds across the static and dynamic specifications. This implies that the effect of the high-skilled emigration rate on the growth rate of the source countries can be positive, and the extent is larger for countries with "poor' civil liberties. The developing countries with low levels of foreign direct investment inflows and "poor' civil liberties can best benefit from the high levels of skilled emigration outward. Through finding significant interactions with other variables, we confirm that the high-skilled emigration should be considered along with other related variables in measuring its impact on growth. The implications offer suggestions for the international trade and aid policies.
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title_short	The effect of high-skilled emigration, foreign direct investment, and policy on the growth rate of source countries
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code="2">26</subfield><subfield code="1">00</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-206</subfield><subfield code="8">56</subfield><subfield code="a">Brain Drain</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="982" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">26</subfield><subfield code="1">00</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-206</subfield><subfield code="8">56</subfield><subfield code="a">FDI</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="982" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">26</subfield><subfield code="1">00</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-206</subfield><subfield code="8">56</subfield><subfield code="a">Democracy</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="982" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">26</subfield><subfield code="1">00</subfield><subfield code="x">DE-206</subfield><subfield code="8">56</subfield><subfield code="a">Growth Rate</subfield></datafield></record></collection>
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The effect of high-skilled emigration, foreign direct investment, and policy on the growth rate of source countries : a panel analysis

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