Slack resources and export intensity : new empirical evidence from Vietnam

The paper explored the effects of financial and human resource slacks on firms' export intensity. Using longitudinal data of Vietnamese firms with a random effect model, the study found that financial slack had an inverted-U shaped effect; meanwhile, human resource slack had no consistently sig...
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Autor*in:	Thi Thanh Binh Dinh [verfasserIn] Tu Thuy Anh [verfasserIn] Thi Mai Phuong Chu [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2023

Rechteinformationen:	Open Access Namensnennung 4.0 International ; CC BY 4.0

Schlagwörter:	export intensity financial slack human resource slack slack resources

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Economies - Basel : MDPI, 2013, 11(2023), 2 vom: Feb., Artikel-ID 68, Seite 1-12
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:11 ; year:2023 ; number:2 ; month:02 ; elocationid:68 ; pages:1-12

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen

DOI / URN:	10.3390/economies11020068

Katalog-ID:	1839421169

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allfields	10.3390/economies11020068 doi (DE-627)1839421169 (DE-599)KXP1839421169 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng Thi Thanh Binh Dinh verfasserin (DE-588)1283663686 (DE-627)1839421800 aut Slack resources and export intensity new empirical evidence from Vietnam Thi Thanh Binh Dinh, Thuy Anh Tu and Thi Mai Phuong Chu 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier DE-206 Open Access Controlled Vocabulary for Access Rights http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 The paper explored the effects of financial and human resource slacks on firms' export intensity. Using longitudinal data of Vietnamese firms with a random effect model, the study found that financial slack had an inverted-U shaped effect; meanwhile, human resource slack had no consistently significant effect on firms' export intensity. The empirical findings could have managerial practice implications at the firm level. Too few - or too many - slack resources are bad for export intensity. Therefore, firm managers need to consider the necessary level of redundancy for slack resources to avoid prodigality while doing business. This study contributed new insights to international business and slack literatures. First, our findings contributed to the international business literature. In classic internalization studies, it has generally been believed that firms with access to greater resources are more likely to exploit foreign markets. However, our research showed that, when there were too many slack resources, business activities in firms' foreign markets, such as exports, could be reduced due to complacency among firm managers. Second, the research results contributed to literature on slack resources, providing a new insight on their effects on firms' export intensity. Aside from linear or U-shaped effects, slack resources could have inverse U-shaped relationships with firms' export intensity. DE-206 Namensnennung 4.0 International CC BY 4.0 cc https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ export intensity (dpeaa)DE-206 financial slack (dpeaa)DE-206 human resource slack (dpeaa)DE-206 slack resources (dpeaa)DE-206 Tu Thuy Anh verfasserin (DE-588)141711825 (DE-627)63054378X (DE-576)325598886 aut Thi Mai Phuong Chu verfasserin (DE-588)128366402X (DE-627)1839422564 aut Enthalten in Economies Basel : MDPI, 2013 11(2023), 2 vom: Feb., Artikel-ID 68, Seite 1-12 Online-Ressource (DE-627)737287551 (DE-600)2704214-5 (DE-576)379466600 2227-7099 nnns volume:11 year:2023 number:2 month:02 elocationid:68 pages:1-12 https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/11/2/68/pdf?version=1676599854 Verlag kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.3390/economies11020068 Resolving-System kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ILN_26 ISIL_DE-206 SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 GBV_ILN_2403 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER AR 11 2023 2 2 68 1-12 26 01 0206 4291993633 x1z 17-03-23 2403 01 DE-LFER 432109674X 00 --%%-- --%%-- n --%%-- l01 12-05-23 2403 01 DE-LFER https://doi.org/10.3390/economies11020068 2403 01 DE-LFER https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/11/2/68/pdf?version=1676599854
spelling	10.3390/economies11020068 doi (DE-627)1839421169 (DE-599)KXP1839421169 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng Thi Thanh Binh Dinh verfasserin (DE-588)1283663686 (DE-627)1839421800 aut Slack resources and export intensity new empirical evidence from Vietnam Thi Thanh Binh Dinh, Thuy Anh Tu and Thi Mai Phuong Chu 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier DE-206 Open Access Controlled Vocabulary for Access Rights http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 The paper explored the effects of financial and human resource slacks on firms' export intensity. Using longitudinal data of Vietnamese firms with a random effect model, the study found that financial slack had an inverted-U shaped effect; meanwhile, human resource slack had no consistently significant effect on firms' export intensity. The empirical findings could have managerial practice implications at the firm level. Too few - or too many - slack resources are bad for export intensity. Therefore, firm managers need to consider the necessary level of redundancy for slack resources to avoid prodigality while doing business. This study contributed new insights to international business and slack literatures. First, our findings contributed to the international business literature. In classic internalization studies, it has generally been believed that firms with access to greater resources are more likely to exploit foreign markets. However, our research showed that, when there were too many slack resources, business activities in firms' foreign markets, such as exports, could be reduced due to complacency among firm managers. Second, the research results contributed to literature on slack resources, providing a new insight on their effects on firms' export intensity. Aside from linear or U-shaped effects, slack resources could have inverse U-shaped relationships with firms' export intensity. DE-206 Namensnennung 4.0 International CC BY 4.0 cc https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ export intensity (dpeaa)DE-206 financial slack (dpeaa)DE-206 human resource slack (dpeaa)DE-206 slack resources (dpeaa)DE-206 Tu Thuy Anh verfasserin (DE-588)141711825 (DE-627)63054378X (DE-576)325598886 aut Thi Mai Phuong Chu verfasserin (DE-588)128366402X (DE-627)1839422564 aut Enthalten in Economies Basel : MDPI, 2013 11(2023), 2 vom: Feb., Artikel-ID 68, Seite 1-12 Online-Ressource (DE-627)737287551 (DE-600)2704214-5 (DE-576)379466600 2227-7099 nnns volume:11 year:2023 number:2 month:02 elocationid:68 pages:1-12 https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/11/2/68/pdf?version=1676599854 Verlag kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.3390/economies11020068 Resolving-System kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ILN_26 ISIL_DE-206 SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 GBV_ILN_2403 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER AR 11 2023 2 2 68 1-12 26 01 0206 4291993633 x1z 17-03-23 2403 01 DE-LFER 432109674X 00 --%%-- --%%-- n --%%-- l01 12-05-23 2403 01 DE-LFER https://doi.org/10.3390/economies11020068 2403 01 DE-LFER https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/11/2/68/pdf?version=1676599854
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/economies11020068 doi (DE-627)1839421169 (DE-599)KXP1839421169 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng Thi Thanh Binh Dinh verfasserin (DE-588)1283663686 (DE-627)1839421800 aut Slack resources and export intensity new empirical evidence from Vietnam Thi Thanh Binh Dinh, Thuy Anh Tu and Thi Mai Phuong Chu 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier DE-206 Open Access Controlled Vocabulary for Access Rights http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 The paper explored the effects of financial and human resource slacks on firms' export intensity. Using longitudinal data of Vietnamese firms with a random effect model, the study found that financial slack had an inverted-U shaped effect; meanwhile, human resource slack had no consistently significant effect on firms' export intensity. The empirical findings could have managerial practice implications at the firm level. Too few - or too many - slack resources are bad for export intensity. Therefore, firm managers need to consider the necessary level of redundancy for slack resources to avoid prodigality while doing business. This study contributed new insights to international business and slack literatures. First, our findings contributed to the international business literature. In classic internalization studies, it has generally been believed that firms with access to greater resources are more likely to exploit foreign markets. However, our research showed that, when there were too many slack resources, business activities in firms' foreign markets, such as exports, could be reduced due to complacency among firm managers. Second, the research results contributed to literature on slack resources, providing a new insight on their effects on firms' export intensity. Aside from linear or U-shaped effects, slack resources could have inverse U-shaped relationships with firms' export intensity. DE-206 Namensnennung 4.0 International CC BY 4.0 cc https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ export intensity (dpeaa)DE-206 financial slack (dpeaa)DE-206 human resource slack (dpeaa)DE-206 slack resources (dpeaa)DE-206 Tu Thuy Anh verfasserin (DE-588)141711825 (DE-627)63054378X (DE-576)325598886 aut Thi Mai Phuong Chu verfasserin (DE-588)128366402X (DE-627)1839422564 aut Enthalten in Economies Basel : MDPI, 2013 11(2023), 2 vom: Feb., Artikel-ID 68, Seite 1-12 Online-Ressource (DE-627)737287551 (DE-600)2704214-5 (DE-576)379466600 2227-7099 nnns volume:11 year:2023 number:2 month:02 elocationid:68 pages:1-12 https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/11/2/68/pdf?version=1676599854 Verlag kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.3390/economies11020068 Resolving-System kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ILN_26 ISIL_DE-206 SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 GBV_ILN_2403 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER AR 11 2023 2 2 68 1-12 26 01 0206 4291993633 x1z 17-03-23 2403 01 DE-LFER 432109674X 00 --%%-- --%%-- n --%%-- l01 12-05-23 2403 01 DE-LFER https://doi.org/10.3390/economies11020068 2403 01 DE-LFER https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/11/2/68/pdf?version=1676599854
allfieldsGer	10.3390/economies11020068 doi (DE-627)1839421169 (DE-599)KXP1839421169 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng Thi Thanh Binh Dinh verfasserin (DE-588)1283663686 (DE-627)1839421800 aut Slack resources and export intensity new empirical evidence from Vietnam Thi Thanh Binh Dinh, Thuy Anh Tu and Thi Mai Phuong Chu 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier DE-206 Open Access Controlled Vocabulary for Access Rights http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 The paper explored the effects of financial and human resource slacks on firms' export intensity. Using longitudinal data of Vietnamese firms with a random effect model, the study found that financial slack had an inverted-U shaped effect; meanwhile, human resource slack had no consistently significant effect on firms' export intensity. The empirical findings could have managerial practice implications at the firm level. Too few - or too many - slack resources are bad for export intensity. Therefore, firm managers need to consider the necessary level of redundancy for slack resources to avoid prodigality while doing business. This study contributed new insights to international business and slack literatures. First, our findings contributed to the international business literature. In classic internalization studies, it has generally been believed that firms with access to greater resources are more likely to exploit foreign markets. However, our research showed that, when there were too many slack resources, business activities in firms' foreign markets, such as exports, could be reduced due to complacency among firm managers. Second, the research results contributed to literature on slack resources, providing a new insight on their effects on firms' export intensity. Aside from linear or U-shaped effects, slack resources could have inverse U-shaped relationships with firms' export intensity. DE-206 Namensnennung 4.0 International CC BY 4.0 cc https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ export intensity (dpeaa)DE-206 financial slack (dpeaa)DE-206 human resource slack (dpeaa)DE-206 slack resources (dpeaa)DE-206 Tu Thuy Anh verfasserin (DE-588)141711825 (DE-627)63054378X (DE-576)325598886 aut Thi Mai Phuong Chu verfasserin (DE-588)128366402X (DE-627)1839422564 aut Enthalten in Economies Basel : MDPI, 2013 11(2023), 2 vom: Feb., Artikel-ID 68, Seite 1-12 Online-Ressource (DE-627)737287551 (DE-600)2704214-5 (DE-576)379466600 2227-7099 nnns volume:11 year:2023 number:2 month:02 elocationid:68 pages:1-12 https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/11/2/68/pdf?version=1676599854 Verlag kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.3390/economies11020068 Resolving-System kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ILN_26 ISIL_DE-206 SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 GBV_ILN_2403 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER AR 11 2023 2 2 68 1-12 26 01 0206 4291993633 x1z 17-03-23 2403 01 DE-LFER 432109674X 00 --%%-- --%%-- n --%%-- l01 12-05-23 2403 01 DE-LFER https://doi.org/10.3390/economies11020068 2403 01 DE-LFER https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/11/2/68/pdf?version=1676599854
allfieldsSound	10.3390/economies11020068 doi (DE-627)1839421169 (DE-599)KXP1839421169 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng Thi Thanh Binh Dinh verfasserin (DE-588)1283663686 (DE-627)1839421800 aut Slack resources and export intensity new empirical evidence from Vietnam Thi Thanh Binh Dinh, Thuy Anh Tu and Thi Mai Phuong Chu 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier DE-206 Open Access Controlled Vocabulary for Access Rights http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 The paper explored the effects of financial and human resource slacks on firms' export intensity. Using longitudinal data of Vietnamese firms with a random effect model, the study found that financial slack had an inverted-U shaped effect; meanwhile, human resource slack had no consistently significant effect on firms' export intensity. The empirical findings could have managerial practice implications at the firm level. Too few - or too many - slack resources are bad for export intensity. Therefore, firm managers need to consider the necessary level of redundancy for slack resources to avoid prodigality while doing business. This study contributed new insights to international business and slack literatures. First, our findings contributed to the international business literature. In classic internalization studies, it has generally been believed that firms with access to greater resources are more likely to exploit foreign markets. However, our research showed that, when there were too many slack resources, business activities in firms' foreign markets, such as exports, could be reduced due to complacency among firm managers. Second, the research results contributed to literature on slack resources, providing a new insight on their effects on firms' export intensity. Aside from linear or U-shaped effects, slack resources could have inverse U-shaped relationships with firms' export intensity. DE-206 Namensnennung 4.0 International CC BY 4.0 cc https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ export intensity (dpeaa)DE-206 financial slack (dpeaa)DE-206 human resource slack (dpeaa)DE-206 slack resources (dpeaa)DE-206 Tu Thuy Anh verfasserin (DE-588)141711825 (DE-627)63054378X (DE-576)325598886 aut Thi Mai Phuong Chu verfasserin (DE-588)128366402X (DE-627)1839422564 aut Enthalten in Economies Basel : MDPI, 2013 11(2023), 2 vom: Feb., Artikel-ID 68, Seite 1-12 Online-Ressource (DE-627)737287551 (DE-600)2704214-5 (DE-576)379466600 2227-7099 nnns volume:11 year:2023 number:2 month:02 elocationid:68 pages:1-12 https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/11/2/68/pdf?version=1676599854 Verlag kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.3390/economies11020068 Resolving-System kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ILN_26 ISIL_DE-206 SYSFLAG_1 GBV_KXP GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 GBV_ILN_2403 GBV_ILN_2403 ISIL_DE-LFER AR 11 2023 2 2 68 1-12 26 01 0206 4291993633 x1z 17-03-23 2403 01 DE-LFER 432109674X 00 --%%-- --%%-- n --%%-- l01 12-05-23 2403 01 DE-LFER https://doi.org/10.3390/economies11020068 2403 01 DE-LFER https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/11/2/68/pdf?version=1676599854
language	English
source	Enthalten in Economies 11(2023), 2 vom: Feb., Artikel-ID 68, Seite 1-12 volume:11 year:2023 number:2 month:02 elocationid:68 pages:1-12
sourceStr	Enthalten in Economies 11(2023), 2 vom: Feb., Artikel-ID 68, Seite 1-12 volume:11 year:2023 number:2 month:02 elocationid:68 pages:1-12
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topic_facet	export intensity financial slack human resource slack slack resources
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container_title	Economies
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Thi Thanh Binh Dinh @@aut@@ Tu Thuy Anh @@aut@@ Thi Mai Phuong Chu @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
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topic_title	Slack resources and export intensity new empirical evidence from Vietnam Thi Thanh Binh Dinh, Thuy Anh Tu and Thi Mai Phuong Chu export intensity (dpeaa)DE-206 financial slack (dpeaa)DE-206 human resource slack (dpeaa)DE-206 slack resources (dpeaa)DE-206
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title	Slack resources and export intensity new empirical evidence from Vietnam
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title_full	Slack resources and export intensity new empirical evidence from Vietnam Thi Thanh Binh Dinh, Thuy Anh Tu and Thi Mai Phuong Chu
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title_sort	slack resources and export intensitynew empirical evidence from vietnam
title_auth	Slack resources and export intensity new empirical evidence from Vietnam
abstract	The paper explored the effects of financial and human resource slacks on firms' export intensity. Using longitudinal data of Vietnamese firms with a random effect model, the study found that financial slack had an inverted-U shaped effect; meanwhile, human resource slack had no consistently significant effect on firms' export intensity. The empirical findings could have managerial practice implications at the firm level. Too few - or too many - slack resources are bad for export intensity. Therefore, firm managers need to consider the necessary level of redundancy for slack resources to avoid prodigality while doing business. This study contributed new insights to international business and slack literatures. First, our findings contributed to the international business literature. In classic internalization studies, it has generally been believed that firms with access to greater resources are more likely to exploit foreign markets. However, our research showed that, when there were too many slack resources, business activities in firms' foreign markets, such as exports, could be reduced due to complacency among firm managers. Second, the research results contributed to literature on slack resources, providing a new insight on their effects on firms' export intensity. Aside from linear or U-shaped effects, slack resources could have inverse U-shaped relationships with firms' export intensity.
abstractGer	The paper explored the effects of financial and human resource slacks on firms' export intensity. Using longitudinal data of Vietnamese firms with a random effect model, the study found that financial slack had an inverted-U shaped effect; meanwhile, human resource slack had no consistently significant effect on firms' export intensity. The empirical findings could have managerial practice implications at the firm level. Too few - or too many - slack resources are bad for export intensity. Therefore, firm managers need to consider the necessary level of redundancy for slack resources to avoid prodigality while doing business. This study contributed new insights to international business and slack literatures. First, our findings contributed to the international business literature. In classic internalization studies, it has generally been believed that firms with access to greater resources are more likely to exploit foreign markets. However, our research showed that, when there were too many slack resources, business activities in firms' foreign markets, such as exports, could be reduced due to complacency among firm managers. Second, the research results contributed to literature on slack resources, providing a new insight on their effects on firms' export intensity. Aside from linear or U-shaped effects, slack resources could have inverse U-shaped relationships with firms' export intensity.
abstract_unstemmed	The paper explored the effects of financial and human resource slacks on firms' export intensity. Using longitudinal data of Vietnamese firms with a random effect model, the study found that financial slack had an inverted-U shaped effect; meanwhile, human resource slack had no consistently significant effect on firms' export intensity. The empirical findings could have managerial practice implications at the firm level. Too few - or too many - slack resources are bad for export intensity. Therefore, firm managers need to consider the necessary level of redundancy for slack resources to avoid prodigality while doing business. This study contributed new insights to international business and slack literatures. First, our findings contributed to the international business literature. In classic internalization studies, it has generally been believed that firms with access to greater resources are more likely to exploit foreign markets. However, our research showed that, when there were too many slack resources, business activities in firms' foreign markets, such as exports, could be reduced due to complacency among firm managers. Second, the research results contributed to literature on slack resources, providing a new insight on their effects on firms' export intensity. Aside from linear or U-shaped effects, slack resources could have inverse U-shaped relationships with firms' export intensity.
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title_short	Slack resources and export intensity
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Slack resources and export intensity : new empirical evidence from Vietnam

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