Age and sex differences in in-air vocalization characteristics of spotted seal pups from newborn to 1 year old in captivity
Acoustic parameters of spotted seals (Phoca largha), including the duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level, are reported to vary between different ages and sexes; however, to our knowledge, the vocal ontogeny of the spotted seal from newborn to 1 year old is yet to be studied. In the...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Peijun Zhang [verfasserIn] Liangliang Yang [verfasserIn] Jiabo Han [verfasserIn] Yong Yang [verfasserIn] Zhichuang Lu [verfasserIn] Songhai Li [verfasserIn] |
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Format: |
E-Artikel |
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Sprache: |
Englisch |
Erschienen: |
2022 |
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Schlagwörter: |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: Frontiers in Marine Science - Frontiers Media S.A., 2015, 9(2022) |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:9 ; year:2022 |
Links: |
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DOI / URN: |
10.3389/fmars.2022.943030 |
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Katalog-ID: |
DOAJ001106694 |
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Peijun Zhang misc QH1-199.5 misc airborne misc Liaodong Bay misc ontogeny misc Phoca largha misc vocal development misc Science misc Q misc General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution Age and sex differences in in-air vocalization characteristics of spotted seal pups from newborn to 1 year old in captivity |
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QH1-199.5 Age and sex differences in in-air vocalization characteristics of spotted seal pups from newborn to 1 year old in captivity airborne Liaodong Bay ontogeny Phoca largha vocal development |
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Age and sex differences in in-air vocalization characteristics of spotted seal pups from newborn to 1 year old in captivity |
abstract |
Acoustic parameters of spotted seals (Phoca largha), including the duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level, are reported to vary between different ages and sexes; however, to our knowledge, the vocal ontogeny of the spotted seal from newborn to 1 year old is yet to be studied. In the present study, we recorded and analyzed vocalizations of human-cared spotted seals from the Liaodong Bay colony from newborn to 1 year old, aiming to document the first-year development of seal vocalizations. We divided the spotted seal pups into four age groups (i.e., 1–3-month, 4–6-month, 7–9-month, and 10–12-month groups) for both sexes. The results show significant differences in sex patterns in sound parameters in terms of duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level. The vocalizations of female seal pups were longer in duration but lower in peak frequency and peak-to-peak source level than those of male pups. All three sound parameters were significantly different across different age groups. Specifically, the 1–3-month group had significantly lower values in duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level than the three other age groups. The 10–12-month group had significantly higher values in duration and peak-to-peak source level than the three other age groups. Our results also indicate a sex-specific development pattern of seal vocalizations from 1 year old until sexual maturity. Our findings will benefit the evaluation of anthropogenic noise impacts on spotted seal pups and further conservation of the seal population. |
abstractGer |
Acoustic parameters of spotted seals (Phoca largha), including the duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level, are reported to vary between different ages and sexes; however, to our knowledge, the vocal ontogeny of the spotted seal from newborn to 1 year old is yet to be studied. In the present study, we recorded and analyzed vocalizations of human-cared spotted seals from the Liaodong Bay colony from newborn to 1 year old, aiming to document the first-year development of seal vocalizations. We divided the spotted seal pups into four age groups (i.e., 1–3-month, 4–6-month, 7–9-month, and 10–12-month groups) for both sexes. The results show significant differences in sex patterns in sound parameters in terms of duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level. The vocalizations of female seal pups were longer in duration but lower in peak frequency and peak-to-peak source level than those of male pups. All three sound parameters were significantly different across different age groups. Specifically, the 1–3-month group had significantly lower values in duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level than the three other age groups. The 10–12-month group had significantly higher values in duration and peak-to-peak source level than the three other age groups. Our results also indicate a sex-specific development pattern of seal vocalizations from 1 year old until sexual maturity. Our findings will benefit the evaluation of anthropogenic noise impacts on spotted seal pups and further conservation of the seal population. |
abstract_unstemmed |
Acoustic parameters of spotted seals (Phoca largha), including the duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level, are reported to vary between different ages and sexes; however, to our knowledge, the vocal ontogeny of the spotted seal from newborn to 1 year old is yet to be studied. In the present study, we recorded and analyzed vocalizations of human-cared spotted seals from the Liaodong Bay colony from newborn to 1 year old, aiming to document the first-year development of seal vocalizations. We divided the spotted seal pups into four age groups (i.e., 1–3-month, 4–6-month, 7–9-month, and 10–12-month groups) for both sexes. The results show significant differences in sex patterns in sound parameters in terms of duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level. The vocalizations of female seal pups were longer in duration but lower in peak frequency and peak-to-peak source level than those of male pups. All three sound parameters were significantly different across different age groups. Specifically, the 1–3-month group had significantly lower values in duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level than the three other age groups. The 10–12-month group had significantly higher values in duration and peak-to-peak source level than the three other age groups. Our results also indicate a sex-specific development pattern of seal vocalizations from 1 year old until sexual maturity. Our findings will benefit the evaluation of anthropogenic noise impacts on spotted seal pups and further conservation of the seal population. |
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Age and sex differences in in-air vocalization characteristics of spotted seal pups from newborn to 1 year old in captivity |
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The 10–12-month group had significantly higher values in duration and peak-to-peak source level than the three other age groups. Our results also indicate a sex-specific development pattern of seal vocalizations from 1 year old until sexual maturity. 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