Age and sex differences in in-air vocalization characteristics of spotted seal pups from newborn to 1 year old in captivity

Acoustic parameters of spotted seals (Phoca largha), including the duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level, are reported to vary between different ages and sexes; however, to our knowledge, the vocal ontogeny of the spotted seal from newborn to 1 year old is yet to be studied. In the...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Peijun Zhang [verfasserIn] Liangliang Yang [verfasserIn] Jiabo Han [verfasserIn] Yong Yang [verfasserIn] Zhichuang Lu [verfasserIn] Songhai Li [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2022

Schlagwörter:	airborne Liaodong Bay ontogeny Phoca largha vocal development

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Frontiers in Marine Science - Frontiers Media S.A., 2015, 9(2022)
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:9 ; year:2022

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3389/fmars.2022.943030

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ001106694

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520			\|a Acoustic parameters of spotted seals (Phoca largha), including the duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level, are reported to vary between different ages and sexes; however, to our knowledge, the vocal ontogeny of the spotted seal from newborn to 1 year old is yet to be studied. In the present study, we recorded and analyzed vocalizations of human-cared spotted seals from the Liaodong Bay colony from newborn to 1 year old, aiming to document the first-year development of seal vocalizations. We divided the spotted seal pups into four age groups (i.e., 1–3-month, 4–6-month, 7–9-month, and 10–12-month groups) for both sexes. The results show significant differences in sex patterns in sound parameters in terms of duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level. The vocalizations of female seal pups were longer in duration but lower in peak frequency and peak-to-peak source level than those of male pups. All three sound parameters were significantly different across different age groups. Specifically, the 1–3-month group had significantly lower values in duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level than the three other age groups. The 10–12-month group had significantly higher values in duration and peak-to-peak source level than the three other age groups. Our results also indicate a sex-specific development pattern of seal vocalizations from 1 year old until sexual maturity. Our findings will benefit the evaluation of anthropogenic noise impacts on spotted seal pups and further conservation of the seal population.
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callnumber-first	Q - Science
author	Peijun Zhang
spellingShingle	Peijun Zhang misc QH1-199.5 misc airborne misc Liaodong Bay misc ontogeny misc Phoca largha misc vocal development misc Science misc Q misc General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution Age and sex differences in in-air vocalization characteristics of spotted seal pups from newborn to 1 year old in captivity
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topic_title	QH1-199.5 Age and sex differences in in-air vocalization characteristics of spotted seal pups from newborn to 1 year old in captivity airborne Liaodong Bay ontogeny Phoca largha vocal development
topic	misc QH1-199.5 misc airborne misc Liaodong Bay misc ontogeny misc Phoca largha misc vocal development misc Science misc Q misc General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution
topic_unstemmed	misc QH1-199.5 misc airborne misc Liaodong Bay misc ontogeny misc Phoca largha misc vocal development misc Science misc Q misc General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution
topic_browse	misc QH1-199.5 misc airborne misc Liaodong Bay misc ontogeny misc Phoca largha misc vocal development misc Science misc Q misc General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution
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title	Age and sex differences in in-air vocalization characteristics of spotted seal pups from newborn to 1 year old in captivity
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title_full	Age and sex differences in in-air vocalization characteristics of spotted seal pups from newborn to 1 year old in captivity
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title_sort	age and sex differences in in-air vocalization characteristics of spotted seal pups from newborn to 1 year old in captivity
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title_auth	Age and sex differences in in-air vocalization characteristics of spotted seal pups from newborn to 1 year old in captivity
abstract	Acoustic parameters of spotted seals (Phoca largha), including the duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level, are reported to vary between different ages and sexes; however, to our knowledge, the vocal ontogeny of the spotted seal from newborn to 1 year old is yet to be studied. In the present study, we recorded and analyzed vocalizations of human-cared spotted seals from the Liaodong Bay colony from newborn to 1 year old, aiming to document the first-year development of seal vocalizations. We divided the spotted seal pups into four age groups (i.e., 1–3-month, 4–6-month, 7–9-month, and 10–12-month groups) for both sexes. The results show significant differences in sex patterns in sound parameters in terms of duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level. The vocalizations of female seal pups were longer in duration but lower in peak frequency and peak-to-peak source level than those of male pups. All three sound parameters were significantly different across different age groups. Specifically, the 1–3-month group had significantly lower values in duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level than the three other age groups. The 10–12-month group had significantly higher values in duration and peak-to-peak source level than the three other age groups. Our results also indicate a sex-specific development pattern of seal vocalizations from 1 year old until sexual maturity. Our findings will benefit the evaluation of anthropogenic noise impacts on spotted seal pups and further conservation of the seal population.
abstractGer	Acoustic parameters of spotted seals (Phoca largha), including the duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level, are reported to vary between different ages and sexes; however, to our knowledge, the vocal ontogeny of the spotted seal from newborn to 1 year old is yet to be studied. In the present study, we recorded and analyzed vocalizations of human-cared spotted seals from the Liaodong Bay colony from newborn to 1 year old, aiming to document the first-year development of seal vocalizations. We divided the spotted seal pups into four age groups (i.e., 1–3-month, 4–6-month, 7–9-month, and 10–12-month groups) for both sexes. The results show significant differences in sex patterns in sound parameters in terms of duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level. The vocalizations of female seal pups were longer in duration but lower in peak frequency and peak-to-peak source level than those of male pups. All three sound parameters were significantly different across different age groups. Specifically, the 1–3-month group had significantly lower values in duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level than the three other age groups. The 10–12-month group had significantly higher values in duration and peak-to-peak source level than the three other age groups. Our results also indicate a sex-specific development pattern of seal vocalizations from 1 year old until sexual maturity. Our findings will benefit the evaluation of anthropogenic noise impacts on spotted seal pups and further conservation of the seal population.
abstract_unstemmed	Acoustic parameters of spotted seals (Phoca largha), including the duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level, are reported to vary between different ages and sexes; however, to our knowledge, the vocal ontogeny of the spotted seal from newborn to 1 year old is yet to be studied. In the present study, we recorded and analyzed vocalizations of human-cared spotted seals from the Liaodong Bay colony from newborn to 1 year old, aiming to document the first-year development of seal vocalizations. We divided the spotted seal pups into four age groups (i.e., 1–3-month, 4–6-month, 7–9-month, and 10–12-month groups) for both sexes. The results show significant differences in sex patterns in sound parameters in terms of duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level. The vocalizations of female seal pups were longer in duration but lower in peak frequency and peak-to-peak source level than those of male pups. All three sound parameters were significantly different across different age groups. Specifically, the 1–3-month group had significantly lower values in duration, peak frequency, and peak-to-peak source level than the three other age groups. The 10–12-month group had significantly higher values in duration and peak-to-peak source level than the three other age groups. Our results also indicate a sex-specific development pattern of seal vocalizations from 1 year old until sexual maturity. Our findings will benefit the evaluation of anthropogenic noise impacts on spotted seal pups and further conservation of the seal population.
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title_short	Age and sex differences in in-air vocalization characteristics of spotted seal pups from newborn to 1 year old in captivity
url	https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.943030 https://doaj.org/article/20d47328117b42719860a550a5e1c680 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.943030/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745
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The 10–12-month group had significantly higher values in duration and peak-to-peak source level than the three other age groups. Our results also indicate a sex-specific development pattern of seal vocalizations from 1 year old until sexual maturity. 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Including nature conservation, geographical distribution</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Peijun Zhang</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Liangliang Yang</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Jiabo Han</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Yong Yang</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Zhichuang Lu</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Songhai Li</subfield><subfield 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Age and sex differences in in-air vocalization characteristics of spotted seal pups from newborn to 1 year old in captivity

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