Commensal Enterobacteriaceae as reservoirs of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, integrons and sul genes in Portugal

Bacteria colonizing the human intestine have a relevant role in the spread of antimicrobial resistance. We investigated the faecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in healthy humans from Portugal and analysed the distribution of sul genes and class 1 and 2 integrons. Faecal samples (n=113) were recovered from healthy persons (North/Centre of Portugal, 2001-04) and plated on MacConkey agar with and without ceftazidime (1mg/L) or cefotaxime (1mg/L). Isolates representing different morphotypes/plate and antibiotic susceptibility patterns (n=201) were selected. Isolates resistant to sulfonamides and/or streptomycin, gentamicin and trimethoprim were screened (PCR, sequencing) for sul genes (sul1, sul2, sul3) and class 1 and 2 integrons. Presence of ESBLs was inferred using the DDST and further confirmed by PCR and sequencing. ESBL producers were selected for clonal analysis, plasmid characterization and conjugation assays by standard methods. ESBL-producing isolates were found in 1.8% (2/113) of samples, corresponding to Escherichia coli of phylogroups A (n=1) and B1 (n=1) carrying transferable blaCTX-M-14 and the new blaTEM-153, respectively. A 80kb IncK-blaCTX-M-14 was found, being highly related to that widely spread among CTX-M-14 producers of humans and animals from Portugal and other European countries. sul genes were found in 88% (22/25;sul2-60%, sul1-48%, sul3-4%) of the sulfonamide resistant isolates. Class 1 integrons were more frequently found than class 2 (7% vs 3%). Interestingly, gene cassette arrangements within these platforms were identical to those commonly observed among Enterobacteriaceae from Portuguese food-producing animals, although aadA13 is here firstly described in Morganella morganii. These results reinforce the relevance of human commensal flora as reservoir of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes including blaESBLs, and highly transferable genetic platforms as IncK epidemic plasmids. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Elisabete eMachado [verfasserIn] TERESA M. COQUE [verfasserIn] Rafael eCantón [verfasserIn] João C. Sousa [verfasserIn] Luísa ePeixe [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2013

Schlagwörter:	ESBLs CTX-M-14 TEM-153 class 1 and class 2 integrons healthy volunteers

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Frontiers in Microbiology - Frontiers Media S.A., 2011, 4(2013)
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:4 ; year:2013

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3389/fmicb.2013.00080

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ002555409

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allfields	10.3389/fmicb.2013.00080 doi (DE-627)DOAJ002555409 (DE-599)DOAJ8329eb33e6064682a565a8e265bc9efd DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QR1-502 Elisabete eMachado verfasserin aut Commensal Enterobacteriaceae as reservoirs of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, integrons and sul genes in Portugal 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Bacteria colonizing the human intestine have a relevant role in the spread of antimicrobial resistance. We investigated the faecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in healthy humans from Portugal and analysed the distribution of sul genes and class 1 and 2 integrons. Faecal samples (n=113) were recovered from healthy persons (North/Centre of Portugal, 2001-04) and plated on MacConkey agar with and without ceftazidime (1mg/L) or cefotaxime (1mg/L). Isolates representing different morphotypes/plate and antibiotic susceptibility patterns (n=201) were selected. Isolates resistant to sulfonamides and/or streptomycin, gentamicin and trimethoprim were screened (PCR, sequencing) for sul genes (sul1, sul2, sul3) and class 1 and 2 integrons. Presence of ESBLs was inferred using the DDST and further confirmed by PCR and sequencing. ESBL producers were selected for clonal analysis, plasmid characterization and conjugation assays by standard methods. ESBL-producing isolates were found in 1.8% (2/113) of samples, corresponding to Escherichia coli of phylogroups A (n=1) and B1 (n=1) carrying transferable blaCTX-M-14 and the new blaTEM-153, respectively. A 80kb IncK-blaCTX-M-14 was found, being highly related to that widely spread among CTX-M-14 producers of humans and animals from Portugal and other European countries. sul genes were found in 88% (22/25;sul2-60%, sul1-48%, sul3-4%) of the sulfonamide resistant isolates. Class 1 integrons were more frequently found than class 2 (7% vs 3%). Interestingly, gene cassette arrangements within these platforms were identical to those commonly observed among Enterobacteriaceae from Portuguese food-producing animals, although aadA13 is here firstly described in Morganella morganii. These results reinforce the relevance of human commensal flora as reservoir of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes including blaESBLs, and highly transferable genetic platforms as IncK epidemic plasmids. ESBLs CTX-M-14 TEM-153 class 1 and class 2 integrons healthy volunteers Microbiology Elisabete eMachado verfasserin aut TERESA M. COQUE verfasserin aut Rafael eCantón verfasserin aut João C. Sousa verfasserin aut Luísa ePeixe verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Microbiology Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 4(2013) (DE-627)642889384 (DE-600)2587354-4 1664302X nnns volume:4 year:2013 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00080 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/8329eb33e6064682a565a8e265bc9efd kostenfrei http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00080/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 4 2013
spelling	10.3389/fmicb.2013.00080 doi (DE-627)DOAJ002555409 (DE-599)DOAJ8329eb33e6064682a565a8e265bc9efd DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QR1-502 Elisabete eMachado verfasserin aut Commensal Enterobacteriaceae as reservoirs of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, integrons and sul genes in Portugal 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Bacteria colonizing the human intestine have a relevant role in the spread of antimicrobial resistance. We investigated the faecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in healthy humans from Portugal and analysed the distribution of sul genes and class 1 and 2 integrons. Faecal samples (n=113) were recovered from healthy persons (North/Centre of Portugal, 2001-04) and plated on MacConkey agar with and without ceftazidime (1mg/L) or cefotaxime (1mg/L). Isolates representing different morphotypes/plate and antibiotic susceptibility patterns (n=201) were selected. Isolates resistant to sulfonamides and/or streptomycin, gentamicin and trimethoprim were screened (PCR, sequencing) for sul genes (sul1, sul2, sul3) and class 1 and 2 integrons. Presence of ESBLs was inferred using the DDST and further confirmed by PCR and sequencing. ESBL producers were selected for clonal analysis, plasmid characterization and conjugation assays by standard methods. ESBL-producing isolates were found in 1.8% (2/113) of samples, corresponding to Escherichia coli of phylogroups A (n=1) and B1 (n=1) carrying transferable blaCTX-M-14 and the new blaTEM-153, respectively. A 80kb IncK-blaCTX-M-14 was found, being highly related to that widely spread among CTX-M-14 producers of humans and animals from Portugal and other European countries. sul genes were found in 88% (22/25;sul2-60%, sul1-48%, sul3-4%) of the sulfonamide resistant isolates. Class 1 integrons were more frequently found than class 2 (7% vs 3%). Interestingly, gene cassette arrangements within these platforms were identical to those commonly observed among Enterobacteriaceae from Portuguese food-producing animals, although aadA13 is here firstly described in Morganella morganii. These results reinforce the relevance of human commensal flora as reservoir of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes including blaESBLs, and highly transferable genetic platforms as IncK epidemic plasmids. ESBLs CTX-M-14 TEM-153 class 1 and class 2 integrons healthy volunteers Microbiology Elisabete eMachado verfasserin aut TERESA M. COQUE verfasserin aut Rafael eCantón verfasserin aut João C. Sousa verfasserin aut Luísa ePeixe verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Microbiology Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 4(2013) (DE-627)642889384 (DE-600)2587354-4 1664302X nnns volume:4 year:2013 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00080 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/8329eb33e6064682a565a8e265bc9efd kostenfrei http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00080/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 4 2013
allfields_unstemmed	10.3389/fmicb.2013.00080 doi (DE-627)DOAJ002555409 (DE-599)DOAJ8329eb33e6064682a565a8e265bc9efd DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QR1-502 Elisabete eMachado verfasserin aut Commensal Enterobacteriaceae as reservoirs of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, integrons and sul genes in Portugal 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Bacteria colonizing the human intestine have a relevant role in the spread of antimicrobial resistance. We investigated the faecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in healthy humans from Portugal and analysed the distribution of sul genes and class 1 and 2 integrons. Faecal samples (n=113) were recovered from healthy persons (North/Centre of Portugal, 2001-04) and plated on MacConkey agar with and without ceftazidime (1mg/L) or cefotaxime (1mg/L). Isolates representing different morphotypes/plate and antibiotic susceptibility patterns (n=201) were selected. Isolates resistant to sulfonamides and/or streptomycin, gentamicin and trimethoprim were screened (PCR, sequencing) for sul genes (sul1, sul2, sul3) and class 1 and 2 integrons. Presence of ESBLs was inferred using the DDST and further confirmed by PCR and sequencing. ESBL producers were selected for clonal analysis, plasmid characterization and conjugation assays by standard methods. ESBL-producing isolates were found in 1.8% (2/113) of samples, corresponding to Escherichia coli of phylogroups A (n=1) and B1 (n=1) carrying transferable blaCTX-M-14 and the new blaTEM-153, respectively. A 80kb IncK-blaCTX-M-14 was found, being highly related to that widely spread among CTX-M-14 producers of humans and animals from Portugal and other European countries. sul genes were found in 88% (22/25;sul2-60%, sul1-48%, sul3-4%) of the sulfonamide resistant isolates. Class 1 integrons were more frequently found than class 2 (7% vs 3%). Interestingly, gene cassette arrangements within these platforms were identical to those commonly observed among Enterobacteriaceae from Portuguese food-producing animals, although aadA13 is here firstly described in Morganella morganii. These results reinforce the relevance of human commensal flora as reservoir of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes including blaESBLs, and highly transferable genetic platforms as IncK epidemic plasmids. ESBLs CTX-M-14 TEM-153 class 1 and class 2 integrons healthy volunteers Microbiology Elisabete eMachado verfasserin aut TERESA M. COQUE verfasserin aut Rafael eCantón verfasserin aut João C. Sousa verfasserin aut Luísa ePeixe verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Microbiology Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 4(2013) (DE-627)642889384 (DE-600)2587354-4 1664302X nnns volume:4 year:2013 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00080 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/8329eb33e6064682a565a8e265bc9efd kostenfrei http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00080/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 4 2013
allfieldsGer	10.3389/fmicb.2013.00080 doi (DE-627)DOAJ002555409 (DE-599)DOAJ8329eb33e6064682a565a8e265bc9efd DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QR1-502 Elisabete eMachado verfasserin aut Commensal Enterobacteriaceae as reservoirs of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, integrons and sul genes in Portugal 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Bacteria colonizing the human intestine have a relevant role in the spread of antimicrobial resistance. We investigated the faecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in healthy humans from Portugal and analysed the distribution of sul genes and class 1 and 2 integrons. Faecal samples (n=113) were recovered from healthy persons (North/Centre of Portugal, 2001-04) and plated on MacConkey agar with and without ceftazidime (1mg/L) or cefotaxime (1mg/L). Isolates representing different morphotypes/plate and antibiotic susceptibility patterns (n=201) were selected. Isolates resistant to sulfonamides and/or streptomycin, gentamicin and trimethoprim were screened (PCR, sequencing) for sul genes (sul1, sul2, sul3) and class 1 and 2 integrons. Presence of ESBLs was inferred using the DDST and further confirmed by PCR and sequencing. ESBL producers were selected for clonal analysis, plasmid characterization and conjugation assays by standard methods. ESBL-producing isolates were found in 1.8% (2/113) of samples, corresponding to Escherichia coli of phylogroups A (n=1) and B1 (n=1) carrying transferable blaCTX-M-14 and the new blaTEM-153, respectively. A 80kb IncK-blaCTX-M-14 was found, being highly related to that widely spread among CTX-M-14 producers of humans and animals from Portugal and other European countries. sul genes were found in 88% (22/25;sul2-60%, sul1-48%, sul3-4%) of the sulfonamide resistant isolates. Class 1 integrons were more frequently found than class 2 (7% vs 3%). Interestingly, gene cassette arrangements within these platforms were identical to those commonly observed among Enterobacteriaceae from Portuguese food-producing animals, although aadA13 is here firstly described in Morganella morganii. These results reinforce the relevance of human commensal flora as reservoir of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes including blaESBLs, and highly transferable genetic platforms as IncK epidemic plasmids. ESBLs CTX-M-14 TEM-153 class 1 and class 2 integrons healthy volunteers Microbiology Elisabete eMachado verfasserin aut TERESA M. COQUE verfasserin aut Rafael eCantón verfasserin aut João C. Sousa verfasserin aut Luísa ePeixe verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Microbiology Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 4(2013) (DE-627)642889384 (DE-600)2587354-4 1664302X nnns volume:4 year:2013 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00080 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/8329eb33e6064682a565a8e265bc9efd kostenfrei http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00080/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 4 2013
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title	Commensal Enterobacteriaceae as reservoirs of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, integrons and sul genes in Portugal
ctrlnum	(DE-627)DOAJ002555409 (DE-599)DOAJ8329eb33e6064682a565a8e265bc9efd
title_full	Commensal Enterobacteriaceae as reservoirs of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, integrons and sul genes in Portugal
author_sort	Elisabete eMachado
journal	Frontiers in Microbiology
journalStr	Frontiers in Microbiology
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author_browse	Elisabete eMachado TERESA M. COQUE Rafael eCantón João C. Sousa Luísa ePeixe
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doi_str_mv	10.3389/fmicb.2013.00080
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title_sort	commensal enterobacteriaceae as reservoirs of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, integrons and sul genes in portugal
callnumber	QR1-502
title_auth	Commensal Enterobacteriaceae as reservoirs of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, integrons and sul genes in Portugal
abstract	Bacteria colonizing the human intestine have a relevant role in the spread of antimicrobial resistance. We investigated the faecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in healthy humans from Portugal and analysed the distribution of sul genes and class 1 and 2 integrons. Faecal samples (n=113) were recovered from healthy persons (North/Centre of Portugal, 2001-04) and plated on MacConkey agar with and without ceftazidime (1mg/L) or cefotaxime (1mg/L). Isolates representing different morphotypes/plate and antibiotic susceptibility patterns (n=201) were selected. Isolates resistant to sulfonamides and/or streptomycin, gentamicin and trimethoprim were screened (PCR, sequencing) for sul genes (sul1, sul2, sul3) and class 1 and 2 integrons. Presence of ESBLs was inferred using the DDST and further confirmed by PCR and sequencing. ESBL producers were selected for clonal analysis, plasmid characterization and conjugation assays by standard methods. ESBL-producing isolates were found in 1.8% (2/113) of samples, corresponding to Escherichia coli of phylogroups A (n=1) and B1 (n=1) carrying transferable blaCTX-M-14 and the new blaTEM-153, respectively. A 80kb IncK-blaCTX-M-14 was found, being highly related to that widely spread among CTX-M-14 producers of humans and animals from Portugal and other European countries. sul genes were found in 88% (22/25;sul2-60%, sul1-48%, sul3-4%) of the sulfonamide resistant isolates. Class 1 integrons were more frequently found than class 2 (7% vs 3%). Interestingly, gene cassette arrangements within these platforms were identical to those commonly observed among Enterobacteriaceae from Portuguese food-producing animals, although aadA13 is here firstly described in Morganella morganii. These results reinforce the relevance of human commensal flora as reservoir of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes including blaESBLs, and highly transferable genetic platforms as IncK epidemic plasmids.
abstractGer	Bacteria colonizing the human intestine have a relevant role in the spread of antimicrobial resistance. We investigated the faecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in healthy humans from Portugal and analysed the distribution of sul genes and class 1 and 2 integrons. Faecal samples (n=113) were recovered from healthy persons (North/Centre of Portugal, 2001-04) and plated on MacConkey agar with and without ceftazidime (1mg/L) or cefotaxime (1mg/L). Isolates representing different morphotypes/plate and antibiotic susceptibility patterns (n=201) were selected. Isolates resistant to sulfonamides and/or streptomycin, gentamicin and trimethoprim were screened (PCR, sequencing) for sul genes (sul1, sul2, sul3) and class 1 and 2 integrons. Presence of ESBLs was inferred using the DDST and further confirmed by PCR and sequencing. ESBL producers were selected for clonal analysis, plasmid characterization and conjugation assays by standard methods. ESBL-producing isolates were found in 1.8% (2/113) of samples, corresponding to Escherichia coli of phylogroups A (n=1) and B1 (n=1) carrying transferable blaCTX-M-14 and the new blaTEM-153, respectively. A 80kb IncK-blaCTX-M-14 was found, being highly related to that widely spread among CTX-M-14 producers of humans and animals from Portugal and other European countries. sul genes were found in 88% (22/25;sul2-60%, sul1-48%, sul3-4%) of the sulfonamide resistant isolates. Class 1 integrons were more frequently found than class 2 (7% vs 3%). Interestingly, gene cassette arrangements within these platforms were identical to those commonly observed among Enterobacteriaceae from Portuguese food-producing animals, although aadA13 is here firstly described in Morganella morganii. These results reinforce the relevance of human commensal flora as reservoir of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes including blaESBLs, and highly transferable genetic platforms as IncK epidemic plasmids.
abstract_unstemmed	Bacteria colonizing the human intestine have a relevant role in the spread of antimicrobial resistance. We investigated the faecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in healthy humans from Portugal and analysed the distribution of sul genes and class 1 and 2 integrons. Faecal samples (n=113) were recovered from healthy persons (North/Centre of Portugal, 2001-04) and plated on MacConkey agar with and without ceftazidime (1mg/L) or cefotaxime (1mg/L). Isolates representing different morphotypes/plate and antibiotic susceptibility patterns (n=201) were selected. Isolates resistant to sulfonamides and/or streptomycin, gentamicin and trimethoprim were screened (PCR, sequencing) for sul genes (sul1, sul2, sul3) and class 1 and 2 integrons. Presence of ESBLs was inferred using the DDST and further confirmed by PCR and sequencing. ESBL producers were selected for clonal analysis, plasmid characterization and conjugation assays by standard methods. ESBL-producing isolates were found in 1.8% (2/113) of samples, corresponding to Escherichia coli of phylogroups A (n=1) and B1 (n=1) carrying transferable blaCTX-M-14 and the new blaTEM-153, respectively. A 80kb IncK-blaCTX-M-14 was found, being highly related to that widely spread among CTX-M-14 producers of humans and animals from Portugal and other European countries. sul genes were found in 88% (22/25;sul2-60%, sul1-48%, sul3-4%) of the sulfonamide resistant isolates. Class 1 integrons were more frequently found than class 2 (7% vs 3%). Interestingly, gene cassette arrangements within these platforms were identical to those commonly observed among Enterobacteriaceae from Portuguese food-producing animals, although aadA13 is here firstly described in Morganella morganii. These results reinforce the relevance of human commensal flora as reservoir of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes including blaESBLs, and highly transferable genetic platforms as IncK epidemic plasmids.
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title_short	Commensal Enterobacteriaceae as reservoirs of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, integrons and sul genes in Portugal
url	https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00080 https://doaj.org/article/8329eb33e6064682a565a8e265bc9efd http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00080/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X
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author2	Elisabete eMachado TERESA M. COQUE Rafael eCantón João C. Sousa Luísa ePeixe
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up_date	2024-07-04T01:39:07.669Z
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