Lessons to be Learnt from Natural Control of HIV – Future Directions, Therapeutic and Preventive Implications

Accumulating data generated from persons who naturally control HIV without the need for antiretroviral treatment has led to significant insights into the mechanisms of durable control of AIDS virus infection. At the center of this control is the HIV-specific CD8 T cell response, and the basis for th...
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Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	David eShasha [verfasserIn] Bruce D. Walker [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2013

Schlagwörter:	HIV CD8+ T cells HIV vaccine immune activation Elite Controllers

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Frontiers in Immunology - Frontiers Media S.A., 2011, 4(2013)
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:4 ; year:2013

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3389/fimmu.2013.00162

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ00479916X

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520			\|a Accumulating data generated from persons who naturally control HIV without the need for antiretroviral treatment has led to significant insights into the mechanisms of durable control of AIDS virus infection. At the center of this control is the HIV-specific CD8 T cell response, and the basis for this CD8-mediated control is gradually being revealed. Genome wide association studies coupled with HLA sequence data implicate the nature of the HLA-viral peptide interaction as the major genetic factor modulating durable control of HIV, but that host genetic factors account for only around 20% of the variability in control. Other factors including specific functional characteristics of the TCR clonotypes generated in vivo, targeting of vulnerable regions of the virus that lead to fitness impairing mutations, immune exhaustion and host restriction factors that limit HIV replication all have been shown to additionally contribute to control. Moreover, emerging data indicate that the CD8 T cell response may be critical for attempts to purge virus infected cells following activation of the latent reservoir, and thus lessons learned from elite controllers are likely to impact the eradication agenda. Ongoing efforts are also needed to understand and address the role of immune activation in disease progression, as it becomes increasingly clear that durable immune control in elite controllers comes at a cost. Taken together, the research achievements in the attempt to unlock the mechanisms behind natural control of HIV will continue to be an important source of insights and ideas in the continuous search after an effective HIV vaccine, and for the attempts to achieve a sterilizing or functional cure in HIV positive patients with progressive infection.
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spelling	10.3389/fimmu.2013.00162 doi (DE-627)DOAJ00479916X (DE-599)DOAJ74d6d7c6741948a699f6f1bfce58d88e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC581-607 David eShasha verfasserin aut Lessons to be Learnt from Natural Control of HIV – Future Directions, Therapeutic and Preventive Implications 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Accumulating data generated from persons who naturally control HIV without the need for antiretroviral treatment has led to significant insights into the mechanisms of durable control of AIDS virus infection. At the center of this control is the HIV-specific CD8 T cell response, and the basis for this CD8-mediated control is gradually being revealed. Genome wide association studies coupled with HLA sequence data implicate the nature of the HLA-viral peptide interaction as the major genetic factor modulating durable control of HIV, but that host genetic factors account for only around 20% of the variability in control. Other factors including specific functional characteristics of the TCR clonotypes generated in vivo, targeting of vulnerable regions of the virus that lead to fitness impairing mutations, immune exhaustion and host restriction factors that limit HIV replication all have been shown to additionally contribute to control. Moreover, emerging data indicate that the CD8 T cell response may be critical for attempts to purge virus infected cells following activation of the latent reservoir, and thus lessons learned from elite controllers are likely to impact the eradication agenda. Ongoing efforts are also needed to understand and address the role of immune activation in disease progression, as it becomes increasingly clear that durable immune control in elite controllers comes at a cost. Taken together, the research achievements in the attempt to unlock the mechanisms behind natural control of HIV will continue to be an important source of insights and ideas in the continuous search after an effective HIV vaccine, and for the attempts to achieve a sterilizing or functional cure in HIV positive patients with progressive infection. HIV CD8+ T cells HIV vaccine immune activation Elite Controllers Immunologic diseases. Allergy Bruce D. Walker verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Immunology Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 4(2013) (DE-627)657998354 (DE-600)2606827-8 16643224 nnns volume:4 year:2013 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2013.00162 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/74d6d7c6741948a699f6f1bfce58d88e kostenfrei http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2013.00162/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 4 2013
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callnumber-first	R - Medicine
author	David eShasha
spellingShingle	David eShasha misc RC581-607 misc HIV misc CD8+ T cells misc HIV vaccine misc immune activation misc Elite Controllers misc Immunologic diseases. Allergy Lessons to be Learnt from Natural Control of HIV – Future Directions, Therapeutic and Preventive Implications
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topic_title	RC581-607 Lessons to be Learnt from Natural Control of HIV – Future Directions, Therapeutic and Preventive Implications HIV CD8+ T cells HIV vaccine immune activation Elite Controllers
topic	misc RC581-607 misc HIV misc CD8+ T cells misc HIV vaccine misc immune activation misc Elite Controllers misc Immunologic diseases. Allergy
topic_unstemmed	misc RC581-607 misc HIV misc CD8+ T cells misc HIV vaccine misc immune activation misc Elite Controllers misc Immunologic diseases. Allergy
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title	Lessons to be Learnt from Natural Control of HIV – Future Directions, Therapeutic and Preventive Implications
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title_sort	lessons to be learnt from natural control of hiv – future directions, therapeutic and preventive implications
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title_auth	Lessons to be Learnt from Natural Control of HIV – Future Directions, Therapeutic and Preventive Implications
abstract	Accumulating data generated from persons who naturally control HIV without the need for antiretroviral treatment has led to significant insights into the mechanisms of durable control of AIDS virus infection. At the center of this control is the HIV-specific CD8 T cell response, and the basis for this CD8-mediated control is gradually being revealed. Genome wide association studies coupled with HLA sequence data implicate the nature of the HLA-viral peptide interaction as the major genetic factor modulating durable control of HIV, but that host genetic factors account for only around 20% of the variability in control. Other factors including specific functional characteristics of the TCR clonotypes generated in vivo, targeting of vulnerable regions of the virus that lead to fitness impairing mutations, immune exhaustion and host restriction factors that limit HIV replication all have been shown to additionally contribute to control. Moreover, emerging data indicate that the CD8 T cell response may be critical for attempts to purge virus infected cells following activation of the latent reservoir, and thus lessons learned from elite controllers are likely to impact the eradication agenda. Ongoing efforts are also needed to understand and address the role of immune activation in disease progression, as it becomes increasingly clear that durable immune control in elite controllers comes at a cost. Taken together, the research achievements in the attempt to unlock the mechanisms behind natural control of HIV will continue to be an important source of insights and ideas in the continuous search after an effective HIV vaccine, and for the attempts to achieve a sterilizing or functional cure in HIV positive patients with progressive infection.
abstractGer	Accumulating data generated from persons who naturally control HIV without the need for antiretroviral treatment has led to significant insights into the mechanisms of durable control of AIDS virus infection. At the center of this control is the HIV-specific CD8 T cell response, and the basis for this CD8-mediated control is gradually being revealed. Genome wide association studies coupled with HLA sequence data implicate the nature of the HLA-viral peptide interaction as the major genetic factor modulating durable control of HIV, but that host genetic factors account for only around 20% of the variability in control. Other factors including specific functional characteristics of the TCR clonotypes generated in vivo, targeting of vulnerable regions of the virus that lead to fitness impairing mutations, immune exhaustion and host restriction factors that limit HIV replication all have been shown to additionally contribute to control. Moreover, emerging data indicate that the CD8 T cell response may be critical for attempts to purge virus infected cells following activation of the latent reservoir, and thus lessons learned from elite controllers are likely to impact the eradication agenda. Ongoing efforts are also needed to understand and address the role of immune activation in disease progression, as it becomes increasingly clear that durable immune control in elite controllers comes at a cost. Taken together, the research achievements in the attempt to unlock the mechanisms behind natural control of HIV will continue to be an important source of insights and ideas in the continuous search after an effective HIV vaccine, and for the attempts to achieve a sterilizing or functional cure in HIV positive patients with progressive infection.
abstract_unstemmed	Accumulating data generated from persons who naturally control HIV without the need for antiretroviral treatment has led to significant insights into the mechanisms of durable control of AIDS virus infection. At the center of this control is the HIV-specific CD8 T cell response, and the basis for this CD8-mediated control is gradually being revealed. Genome wide association studies coupled with HLA sequence data implicate the nature of the HLA-viral peptide interaction as the major genetic factor modulating durable control of HIV, but that host genetic factors account for only around 20% of the variability in control. Other factors including specific functional characteristics of the TCR clonotypes generated in vivo, targeting of vulnerable regions of the virus that lead to fitness impairing mutations, immune exhaustion and host restriction factors that limit HIV replication all have been shown to additionally contribute to control. Moreover, emerging data indicate that the CD8 T cell response may be critical for attempts to purge virus infected cells following activation of the latent reservoir, and thus lessons learned from elite controllers are likely to impact the eradication agenda. Ongoing efforts are also needed to understand and address the role of immune activation in disease progression, as it becomes increasingly clear that durable immune control in elite controllers comes at a cost. Taken together, the research achievements in the attempt to unlock the mechanisms behind natural control of HIV will continue to be an important source of insights and ideas in the continuous search after an effective HIV vaccine, and for the attempts to achieve a sterilizing or functional cure in HIV positive patients with progressive infection.
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title_short	Lessons to be Learnt from Natural Control of HIV – Future Directions, Therapeutic and Preventive Implications
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