The Potential of Toll-Like Receptors to Modulate Avian Immune System: Exploring the Effects of Genetic Variants and Phytonutrients

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pathogen recognition receptors, and primitive sources of innate immune response that also play key roles in the defense mechanism against infectious diseases. About 10 different TLRs have been discovered in chicken that recognize ligands and participate in TLR signalin...
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Autor*in:	Muhammad Saif-ur Rehman [verfasserIn] Saif ur Rehman [verfasserIn] Wasim Yousaf [verfasserIn] Faiz-ul Hassan [verfasserIn] Waqas Ahmad [verfasserIn] Qingyou Liu [verfasserIn] Hongping Pan [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Schlagwörter:	chicken toll-like receptors gene expression nutrigenomic polymorphism immunity

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Frontiers in Genetics - Frontiers Media S.A., 2011, 12(2021)
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:12 ; year:2021

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3389/fgene.2021.671235

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ005168619

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520			\|a Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pathogen recognition receptors, and primitive sources of innate immune response that also play key roles in the defense mechanism against infectious diseases. About 10 different TLRs have been discovered in chicken that recognize ligands and participate in TLR signaling pathways. Research findings related to TLRs revealed new approaches to understand the fundamental mechanisms of the immune system, patterns of resistance against diseases, and the role of TLR-specific pathways in nutrient metabolism in chicken. In particular, the uses of specific feed ingredients encourage molecular biologists to exploit the relationship between nutrients (including different phytochemicals) and TLRs to modulate immunity in chicken. Phytonutrients and prebiotics are noteworthy dietary components to promote immunity and the production of disease-resistant chicken. Supplementations of yeast-derived products have also been extensively studied to enhance innate immunity during the last decade. Such interventions pave the way to explore nutrigenomic approaches for healthy and profitable chicken production. Additionally, single-nucleotide polymorphisms in TLRs have shown potential association with few disease outbreaks in chickens. This review aimed to provide insights into the key roles of TLRs in the immune response and discuss the potential applications of these TLRs for genomic and nutritional interventions to improve health, and resistance against different fatal diseases in chicken.
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allfields	10.3389/fgene.2021.671235 doi (DE-627)DOAJ005168619 (DE-599)DOAJ01a4bf28896549ddb772cfac15c493fc DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH426-470 Muhammad Saif-ur Rehman verfasserin aut The Potential of Toll-Like Receptors to Modulate Avian Immune System: Exploring the Effects of Genetic Variants and Phytonutrients 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pathogen recognition receptors, and primitive sources of innate immune response that also play key roles in the defense mechanism against infectious diseases. About 10 different TLRs have been discovered in chicken that recognize ligands and participate in TLR signaling pathways. Research findings related to TLRs revealed new approaches to understand the fundamental mechanisms of the immune system, patterns of resistance against diseases, and the role of TLR-specific pathways in nutrient metabolism in chicken. In particular, the uses of specific feed ingredients encourage molecular biologists to exploit the relationship between nutrients (including different phytochemicals) and TLRs to modulate immunity in chicken. Phytonutrients and prebiotics are noteworthy dietary components to promote immunity and the production of disease-resistant chicken. Supplementations of yeast-derived products have also been extensively studied to enhance innate immunity during the last decade. Such interventions pave the way to explore nutrigenomic approaches for healthy and profitable chicken production. Additionally, single-nucleotide polymorphisms in TLRs have shown potential association with few disease outbreaks in chickens. This review aimed to provide insights into the key roles of TLRs in the immune response and discuss the potential applications of these TLRs for genomic and nutritional interventions to improve health, and resistance against different fatal diseases in chicken. chicken toll-like receptors gene expression nutrigenomic polymorphism immunity Genetics Muhammad Saif-ur Rehman verfasserin aut Saif ur Rehman verfasserin aut Wasim Yousaf verfasserin aut Faiz-ul Hassan verfasserin aut Waqas Ahmad verfasserin aut Qingyou Liu verfasserin aut Hongping Pan verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Genetics Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 12(2021) (DE-627)65799829X (DE-600)2606823-0 16648021 nnns volume:12 year:2021 https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.671235 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/01a4bf28896549ddb772cfac15c493fc kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2021.671235/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-8021 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021
spelling	10.3389/fgene.2021.671235 doi (DE-627)DOAJ005168619 (DE-599)DOAJ01a4bf28896549ddb772cfac15c493fc DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH426-470 Muhammad Saif-ur Rehman verfasserin aut The Potential of Toll-Like Receptors to Modulate Avian Immune System: Exploring the Effects of Genetic Variants and Phytonutrients 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pathogen recognition receptors, and primitive sources of innate immune response that also play key roles in the defense mechanism against infectious diseases. About 10 different TLRs have been discovered in chicken that recognize ligands and participate in TLR signaling pathways. Research findings related to TLRs revealed new approaches to understand the fundamental mechanisms of the immune system, patterns of resistance against diseases, and the role of TLR-specific pathways in nutrient metabolism in chicken. In particular, the uses of specific feed ingredients encourage molecular biologists to exploit the relationship between nutrients (including different phytochemicals) and TLRs to modulate immunity in chicken. Phytonutrients and prebiotics are noteworthy dietary components to promote immunity and the production of disease-resistant chicken. Supplementations of yeast-derived products have also been extensively studied to enhance innate immunity during the last decade. Such interventions pave the way to explore nutrigenomic approaches for healthy and profitable chicken production. Additionally, single-nucleotide polymorphisms in TLRs have shown potential association with few disease outbreaks in chickens. This review aimed to provide insights into the key roles of TLRs in the immune response and discuss the potential applications of these TLRs for genomic and nutritional interventions to improve health, and resistance against different fatal diseases in chicken. chicken toll-like receptors gene expression nutrigenomic polymorphism immunity Genetics Muhammad Saif-ur Rehman verfasserin aut Saif ur Rehman verfasserin aut Wasim Yousaf verfasserin aut Faiz-ul Hassan verfasserin aut Waqas Ahmad verfasserin aut Qingyou Liu verfasserin aut Hongping Pan verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Genetics Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 12(2021) (DE-627)65799829X (DE-600)2606823-0 16648021 nnns volume:12 year:2021 https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.671235 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/01a4bf28896549ddb772cfac15c493fc kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2021.671235/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-8021 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021
allfields_unstemmed	10.3389/fgene.2021.671235 doi (DE-627)DOAJ005168619 (DE-599)DOAJ01a4bf28896549ddb772cfac15c493fc DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH426-470 Muhammad Saif-ur Rehman verfasserin aut The Potential of Toll-Like Receptors to Modulate Avian Immune System: Exploring the Effects of Genetic Variants and Phytonutrients 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pathogen recognition receptors, and primitive sources of innate immune response that also play key roles in the defense mechanism against infectious diseases. About 10 different TLRs have been discovered in chicken that recognize ligands and participate in TLR signaling pathways. Research findings related to TLRs revealed new approaches to understand the fundamental mechanisms of the immune system, patterns of resistance against diseases, and the role of TLR-specific pathways in nutrient metabolism in chicken. In particular, the uses of specific feed ingredients encourage molecular biologists to exploit the relationship between nutrients (including different phytochemicals) and TLRs to modulate immunity in chicken. Phytonutrients and prebiotics are noteworthy dietary components to promote immunity and the production of disease-resistant chicken. Supplementations of yeast-derived products have also been extensively studied to enhance innate immunity during the last decade. Such interventions pave the way to explore nutrigenomic approaches for healthy and profitable chicken production. Additionally, single-nucleotide polymorphisms in TLRs have shown potential association with few disease outbreaks in chickens. This review aimed to provide insights into the key roles of TLRs in the immune response and discuss the potential applications of these TLRs for genomic and nutritional interventions to improve health, and resistance against different fatal diseases in chicken. chicken toll-like receptors gene expression nutrigenomic polymorphism immunity Genetics Muhammad Saif-ur Rehman verfasserin aut Saif ur Rehman verfasserin aut Wasim Yousaf verfasserin aut Faiz-ul Hassan verfasserin aut Waqas Ahmad verfasserin aut Qingyou Liu verfasserin aut Hongping Pan verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Genetics Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 12(2021) (DE-627)65799829X (DE-600)2606823-0 16648021 nnns volume:12 year:2021 https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.671235 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/01a4bf28896549ddb772cfac15c493fc kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2021.671235/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-8021 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021
allfieldsGer	10.3389/fgene.2021.671235 doi (DE-627)DOAJ005168619 (DE-599)DOAJ01a4bf28896549ddb772cfac15c493fc DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH426-470 Muhammad Saif-ur Rehman verfasserin aut The Potential of Toll-Like Receptors to Modulate Avian Immune System: Exploring the Effects of Genetic Variants and Phytonutrients 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pathogen recognition receptors, and primitive sources of innate immune response that also play key roles in the defense mechanism against infectious diseases. About 10 different TLRs have been discovered in chicken that recognize ligands and participate in TLR signaling pathways. Research findings related to TLRs revealed new approaches to understand the fundamental mechanisms of the immune system, patterns of resistance against diseases, and the role of TLR-specific pathways in nutrient metabolism in chicken. In particular, the uses of specific feed ingredients encourage molecular biologists to exploit the relationship between nutrients (including different phytochemicals) and TLRs to modulate immunity in chicken. Phytonutrients and prebiotics are noteworthy dietary components to promote immunity and the production of disease-resistant chicken. Supplementations of yeast-derived products have also been extensively studied to enhance innate immunity during the last decade. Such interventions pave the way to explore nutrigenomic approaches for healthy and profitable chicken production. Additionally, single-nucleotide polymorphisms in TLRs have shown potential association with few disease outbreaks in chickens. This review aimed to provide insights into the key roles of TLRs in the immune response and discuss the potential applications of these TLRs for genomic and nutritional interventions to improve health, and resistance against different fatal diseases in chicken. chicken toll-like receptors gene expression nutrigenomic polymorphism immunity Genetics Muhammad Saif-ur Rehman verfasserin aut Saif ur Rehman verfasserin aut Wasim Yousaf verfasserin aut Faiz-ul Hassan verfasserin aut Waqas Ahmad verfasserin aut Qingyou Liu verfasserin aut Hongping Pan verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Genetics Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 12(2021) (DE-627)65799829X (DE-600)2606823-0 16648021 nnns volume:12 year:2021 https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.671235 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/01a4bf28896549ddb772cfac15c493fc kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2021.671235/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-8021 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021
allfieldsSound	10.3389/fgene.2021.671235 doi (DE-627)DOAJ005168619 (DE-599)DOAJ01a4bf28896549ddb772cfac15c493fc DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH426-470 Muhammad Saif-ur Rehman verfasserin aut The Potential of Toll-Like Receptors to Modulate Avian Immune System: Exploring the Effects of Genetic Variants and Phytonutrients 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pathogen recognition receptors, and primitive sources of innate immune response that also play key roles in the defense mechanism against infectious diseases. About 10 different TLRs have been discovered in chicken that recognize ligands and participate in TLR signaling pathways. Research findings related to TLRs revealed new approaches to understand the fundamental mechanisms of the immune system, patterns of resistance against diseases, and the role of TLR-specific pathways in nutrient metabolism in chicken. In particular, the uses of specific feed ingredients encourage molecular biologists to exploit the relationship between nutrients (including different phytochemicals) and TLRs to modulate immunity in chicken. Phytonutrients and prebiotics are noteworthy dietary components to promote immunity and the production of disease-resistant chicken. Supplementations of yeast-derived products have also been extensively studied to enhance innate immunity during the last decade. Such interventions pave the way to explore nutrigenomic approaches for healthy and profitable chicken production. Additionally, single-nucleotide polymorphisms in TLRs have shown potential association with few disease outbreaks in chickens. This review aimed to provide insights into the key roles of TLRs in the immune response and discuss the potential applications of these TLRs for genomic and nutritional interventions to improve health, and resistance against different fatal diseases in chicken. chicken toll-like receptors gene expression nutrigenomic polymorphism immunity Genetics Muhammad Saif-ur Rehman verfasserin aut Saif ur Rehman verfasserin aut Wasim Yousaf verfasserin aut Faiz-ul Hassan verfasserin aut Waqas Ahmad verfasserin aut Qingyou Liu verfasserin aut Hongping Pan verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Genetics Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 12(2021) (DE-627)65799829X (DE-600)2606823-0 16648021 nnns volume:12 year:2021 https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.671235 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/01a4bf28896549ddb772cfac15c493fc kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2021.671235/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-8021 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021
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source	In Frontiers in Genetics 12(2021) volume:12 year:2021
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topic_facet	chicken toll-like receptors gene expression nutrigenomic polymorphism immunity Genetics
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container_title	Frontiers in Genetics
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Muhammad Saif-ur Rehman @@aut@@ Saif ur Rehman @@aut@@ Wasim Yousaf @@aut@@ Faiz-ul Hassan @@aut@@ Waqas Ahmad @@aut@@ Qingyou Liu @@aut@@ Hongping Pan @@aut@@
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callnumber-first	Q - Science
author	Muhammad Saif-ur Rehman
spellingShingle	Muhammad Saif-ur Rehman misc QH426-470 misc chicken misc toll-like receptors misc gene expression misc nutrigenomic misc polymorphism misc immunity misc Genetics The Potential of Toll-Like Receptors to Modulate Avian Immune System: Exploring the Effects of Genetic Variants and Phytonutrients
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topic_title	QH426-470 The Potential of Toll-Like Receptors to Modulate Avian Immune System: Exploring the Effects of Genetic Variants and Phytonutrients chicken toll-like receptors gene expression nutrigenomic polymorphism immunity
topic	misc QH426-470 misc chicken misc toll-like receptors misc gene expression misc nutrigenomic misc polymorphism misc immunity misc Genetics
topic_unstemmed	misc QH426-470 misc chicken misc toll-like receptors misc gene expression misc nutrigenomic misc polymorphism misc immunity misc Genetics
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title	The Potential of Toll-Like Receptors to Modulate Avian Immune System: Exploring the Effects of Genetic Variants and Phytonutrients
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title_full	The Potential of Toll-Like Receptors to Modulate Avian Immune System: Exploring the Effects of Genetic Variants and Phytonutrients
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title_sort	potential of toll-like receptors to modulate avian immune system: exploring the effects of genetic variants and phytonutrients
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title_auth	The Potential of Toll-Like Receptors to Modulate Avian Immune System: Exploring the Effects of Genetic Variants and Phytonutrients
abstract	Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pathogen recognition receptors, and primitive sources of innate immune response that also play key roles in the defense mechanism against infectious diseases. About 10 different TLRs have been discovered in chicken that recognize ligands and participate in TLR signaling pathways. Research findings related to TLRs revealed new approaches to understand the fundamental mechanisms of the immune system, patterns of resistance against diseases, and the role of TLR-specific pathways in nutrient metabolism in chicken. In particular, the uses of specific feed ingredients encourage molecular biologists to exploit the relationship between nutrients (including different phytochemicals) and TLRs to modulate immunity in chicken. Phytonutrients and prebiotics are noteworthy dietary components to promote immunity and the production of disease-resistant chicken. Supplementations of yeast-derived products have also been extensively studied to enhance innate immunity during the last decade. Such interventions pave the way to explore nutrigenomic approaches for healthy and profitable chicken production. Additionally, single-nucleotide polymorphisms in TLRs have shown potential association with few disease outbreaks in chickens. This review aimed to provide insights into the key roles of TLRs in the immune response and discuss the potential applications of these TLRs for genomic and nutritional interventions to improve health, and resistance against different fatal diseases in chicken.
abstractGer	Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pathogen recognition receptors, and primitive sources of innate immune response that also play key roles in the defense mechanism against infectious diseases. About 10 different TLRs have been discovered in chicken that recognize ligands and participate in TLR signaling pathways. Research findings related to TLRs revealed new approaches to understand the fundamental mechanisms of the immune system, patterns of resistance against diseases, and the role of TLR-specific pathways in nutrient metabolism in chicken. In particular, the uses of specific feed ingredients encourage molecular biologists to exploit the relationship between nutrients (including different phytochemicals) and TLRs to modulate immunity in chicken. Phytonutrients and prebiotics are noteworthy dietary components to promote immunity and the production of disease-resistant chicken. Supplementations of yeast-derived products have also been extensively studied to enhance innate immunity during the last decade. Such interventions pave the way to explore nutrigenomic approaches for healthy and profitable chicken production. Additionally, single-nucleotide polymorphisms in TLRs have shown potential association with few disease outbreaks in chickens. This review aimed to provide insights into the key roles of TLRs in the immune response and discuss the potential applications of these TLRs for genomic and nutritional interventions to improve health, and resistance against different fatal diseases in chicken.
abstract_unstemmed	Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pathogen recognition receptors, and primitive sources of innate immune response that also play key roles in the defense mechanism against infectious diseases. About 10 different TLRs have been discovered in chicken that recognize ligands and participate in TLR signaling pathways. Research findings related to TLRs revealed new approaches to understand the fundamental mechanisms of the immune system, patterns of resistance against diseases, and the role of TLR-specific pathways in nutrient metabolism in chicken. In particular, the uses of specific feed ingredients encourage molecular biologists to exploit the relationship between nutrients (including different phytochemicals) and TLRs to modulate immunity in chicken. Phytonutrients and prebiotics are noteworthy dietary components to promote immunity and the production of disease-resistant chicken. Supplementations of yeast-derived products have also been extensively studied to enhance innate immunity during the last decade. Such interventions pave the way to explore nutrigenomic approaches for healthy and profitable chicken production. Additionally, single-nucleotide polymorphisms in TLRs have shown potential association with few disease outbreaks in chickens. This review aimed to provide insights into the key roles of TLRs in the immune response and discuss the potential applications of these TLRs for genomic and nutritional interventions to improve health, and resistance against different fatal diseases in chicken.
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title_short	The Potential of Toll-Like Receptors to Modulate Avian Immune System: Exploring the Effects of Genetic Variants and Phytonutrients
url	https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.671235 https://doaj.org/article/01a4bf28896549ddb772cfac15c493fc https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2021.671235/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-8021
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up_date	2024-07-03T13:24:11.834Z
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The Potential of Toll-Like Receptors to Modulate Avian Immune System: Exploring the Effects of Genetic Variants and Phytonutrients

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