Red Bull Increases Heart Rate at Near Sea Level and Pulmonary Shunt Fraction at High Altitude in a Porcine Model

Red Bull energy drink is popular among athletes, students and drivers for stimulating effects or enhancing physical performance. In previous work, Red Bull has been shown to exert manifold cardiovascular effects at rest and during exercise. Red Bull with caffeine as the main ingredient increases blo...
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Autor*in:	Benedikt Treml [verfasserIn] Elisabeth Schöpf [verfasserIn] Ralf Geiger [verfasserIn] Christian Niederwanger [verfasserIn] Alexander Löckinger [verfasserIn] Axel Kleinsasser [verfasserIn] Mirjam Bachler [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2020

Schlagwörter:	Red Bull energy drink caffeine taurine hypoxia ventilation/perfusion distribution multiple inert gas elimination technique

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Nutrients - MDPI AG, 2009, 12(2020), 6, p 1738
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:12 ; year:2020 ; number:6, p 1738

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/nu12061738

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ006234135

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allfieldsSound	10.3390/nu12061738 doi (DE-627)DOAJ006234135 (DE-599)DOAJ76da0f563ee7486798e07822a71f250b DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TX341-641 Benedikt Treml verfasserin aut Red Bull Increases Heart Rate at Near Sea Level and Pulmonary Shunt Fraction at High Altitude in a Porcine Model 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Red Bull energy drink is popular among athletes, students and drivers for stimulating effects or enhancing physical performance. In previous work, Red Bull has been shown to exert manifold cardiovascular effects at rest and during exercise. Red Bull with caffeine as the main ingredient increases blood pressure in resting individuals, probably due to an increased release of (nor)-epinephrine. Red Bull has been shown to alter heart rate or leaving it unchanged. Little is known about possible effects of caffeinated energy drinks on pulmonary ventilation/perfusion distribution at sea level or at altitude. Here, we hypothesized a possible alteration of pulmonary blood flow in ambient air and in hypoxia after Red Bull consumption. We subjected eight anesthetized piglets in normoxia (FiO<sub<2</sub< = 0.21) and in hypoxia (FiO<sub<2</sub< = 0.13), respectively, to 10 mL/kg Red Bull ingestion. Another eight animals served as controls receiving an equivalent amount of saline. In addition to cardiovascular data, ventilation/perfusion distribution of the lung was assessed by using the multiple inert gas elimination technique (MIGET). Heart rate increased in normoxic conditions but was not different from controls in acute short-term hypoxia after oral Red Bull ingestion in piglets. For the first time, we demonstrate an increased fraction of pulmonary shunt with unchanged distribution of pulmonary blood flow after Red Bull administration in acute short-term hypoxia. In summary, these findings do not oppose moderate consumption of caffeinated energy drinks even at altitude at rest and during exercise. Red Bull energy drink caffeine taurine hypoxia ventilation/perfusion distribution multiple inert gas elimination technique Nutrition. Foods and food supply Elisabeth Schöpf verfasserin aut Ralf Geiger verfasserin aut Christian Niederwanger verfasserin aut Alexander Löckinger verfasserin aut Axel Kleinsasser verfasserin aut Mirjam Bachler verfasserin aut In Nutrients MDPI AG, 2009 12(2020), 6, p 1738 (DE-627)610604155 (DE-600)2518386-2 20726643 nnns volume:12 year:2020 number:6, p 1738 https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061738 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/76da0f563ee7486798e07822a71f250b kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/6/1738 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2020 6, p 1738
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callnumber-first	T - Technology
author	Benedikt Treml
spellingShingle	Benedikt Treml misc TX341-641 misc Red Bull energy drink misc caffeine misc taurine misc hypoxia misc ventilation/perfusion distribution misc multiple inert gas elimination technique misc Nutrition. Foods and food supply Red Bull Increases Heart Rate at Near Sea Level and Pulmonary Shunt Fraction at High Altitude in a Porcine Model
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topic_title	TX341-641 Red Bull Increases Heart Rate at Near Sea Level and Pulmonary Shunt Fraction at High Altitude in a Porcine Model Red Bull energy drink caffeine taurine hypoxia ventilation/perfusion distribution multiple inert gas elimination technique
topic	misc TX341-641 misc Red Bull energy drink misc caffeine misc taurine misc hypoxia misc ventilation/perfusion distribution misc multiple inert gas elimination technique misc Nutrition. Foods and food supply
topic_unstemmed	misc TX341-641 misc Red Bull energy drink misc caffeine misc taurine misc hypoxia misc ventilation/perfusion distribution misc multiple inert gas elimination technique misc Nutrition. Foods and food supply
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title	Red Bull Increases Heart Rate at Near Sea Level and Pulmonary Shunt Fraction at High Altitude in a Porcine Model
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title_full	Red Bull Increases Heart Rate at Near Sea Level and Pulmonary Shunt Fraction at High Altitude in a Porcine Model
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title_sort	red bull increases heart rate at near sea level and pulmonary shunt fraction at high altitude in a porcine model
callnumber	TX341-641
title_auth	Red Bull Increases Heart Rate at Near Sea Level and Pulmonary Shunt Fraction at High Altitude in a Porcine Model
abstract	Red Bull energy drink is popular among athletes, students and drivers for stimulating effects or enhancing physical performance. In previous work, Red Bull has been shown to exert manifold cardiovascular effects at rest and during exercise. Red Bull with caffeine as the main ingredient increases blood pressure in resting individuals, probably due to an increased release of (nor)-epinephrine. Red Bull has been shown to alter heart rate or leaving it unchanged. Little is known about possible effects of caffeinated energy drinks on pulmonary ventilation/perfusion distribution at sea level or at altitude. Here, we hypothesized a possible alteration of pulmonary blood flow in ambient air and in hypoxia after Red Bull consumption. We subjected eight anesthetized piglets in normoxia (FiO<sub<2</sub< = 0.21) and in hypoxia (FiO<sub<2</sub< = 0.13), respectively, to 10 mL/kg Red Bull ingestion. Another eight animals served as controls receiving an equivalent amount of saline. In addition to cardiovascular data, ventilation/perfusion distribution of the lung was assessed by using the multiple inert gas elimination technique (MIGET). Heart rate increased in normoxic conditions but was not different from controls in acute short-term hypoxia after oral Red Bull ingestion in piglets. For the first time, we demonstrate an increased fraction of pulmonary shunt with unchanged distribution of pulmonary blood flow after Red Bull administration in acute short-term hypoxia. In summary, these findings do not oppose moderate consumption of caffeinated energy drinks even at altitude at rest and during exercise.
abstractGer	Red Bull energy drink is popular among athletes, students and drivers for stimulating effects or enhancing physical performance. In previous work, Red Bull has been shown to exert manifold cardiovascular effects at rest and during exercise. Red Bull with caffeine as the main ingredient increases blood pressure in resting individuals, probably due to an increased release of (nor)-epinephrine. Red Bull has been shown to alter heart rate or leaving it unchanged. Little is known about possible effects of caffeinated energy drinks on pulmonary ventilation/perfusion distribution at sea level or at altitude. Here, we hypothesized a possible alteration of pulmonary blood flow in ambient air and in hypoxia after Red Bull consumption. We subjected eight anesthetized piglets in normoxia (FiO<sub<2</sub< = 0.21) and in hypoxia (FiO<sub<2</sub< = 0.13), respectively, to 10 mL/kg Red Bull ingestion. Another eight animals served as controls receiving an equivalent amount of saline. In addition to cardiovascular data, ventilation/perfusion distribution of the lung was assessed by using the multiple inert gas elimination technique (MIGET). Heart rate increased in normoxic conditions but was not different from controls in acute short-term hypoxia after oral Red Bull ingestion in piglets. For the first time, we demonstrate an increased fraction of pulmonary shunt with unchanged distribution of pulmonary blood flow after Red Bull administration in acute short-term hypoxia. In summary, these findings do not oppose moderate consumption of caffeinated energy drinks even at altitude at rest and during exercise.
abstract_unstemmed	Red Bull energy drink is popular among athletes, students and drivers for stimulating effects or enhancing physical performance. In previous work, Red Bull has been shown to exert manifold cardiovascular effects at rest and during exercise. Red Bull with caffeine as the main ingredient increases blood pressure in resting individuals, probably due to an increased release of (nor)-epinephrine. Red Bull has been shown to alter heart rate or leaving it unchanged. Little is known about possible effects of caffeinated energy drinks on pulmonary ventilation/perfusion distribution at sea level or at altitude. Here, we hypothesized a possible alteration of pulmonary blood flow in ambient air and in hypoxia after Red Bull consumption. We subjected eight anesthetized piglets in normoxia (FiO<sub<2</sub< = 0.21) and in hypoxia (FiO<sub<2</sub< = 0.13), respectively, to 10 mL/kg Red Bull ingestion. Another eight animals served as controls receiving an equivalent amount of saline. In addition to cardiovascular data, ventilation/perfusion distribution of the lung was assessed by using the multiple inert gas elimination technique (MIGET). Heart rate increased in normoxic conditions but was not different from controls in acute short-term hypoxia after oral Red Bull ingestion in piglets. For the first time, we demonstrate an increased fraction of pulmonary shunt with unchanged distribution of pulmonary blood flow after Red Bull administration in acute short-term hypoxia. In summary, these findings do not oppose moderate consumption of caffeinated energy drinks even at altitude at rest and during exercise.
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title_short	Red Bull Increases Heart Rate at Near Sea Level and Pulmonary Shunt Fraction at High Altitude in a Porcine Model
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author2	Elisabeth Schöpf Ralf Geiger Christian Niederwanger Alexander Löckinger Axel Kleinsasser Mirjam Bachler
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up_date	2024-07-03T19:45:33.191Z
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