Assessing the acoustic behaviour of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) dsxF mutants: implications for vector control

Abstract Background Release of gene-drive mutants to suppress Anopheles mosquito reproduction is a promising method of malaria control. However, many scientific, regulatory and ethical questions remain before transgenic mosquitoes can be utilised in the field. At a behavioural level, gene-drive carrying mutants should be at least as sexually attractive as the wildtype populations they compete against, with a key element of Anopheles copulation being acoustic courtship. We analysed sound emissions and acoustic preference in a doublesex mutant previously used to collapse Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) cages. Methods Anopheles rely on flight tones produced by the beating of their wings for acoustic mating communication. We assessed the impact of disrupting a female-specific isoform of the doublesex gene (dsxF) on the wing beat frequency (WBF; measured as flight tone) of males (XY) and females (XX) in homozygous dsxF − mutants (dsxF −/− ), heterozygous dsxF − carriers (dsxF +/−) and G3 dsxF + controls (dsxF +/+). To exclude non-genetic influences, we controlled for temperature and wing length. We used a phonotaxis assay to test the acoustic preferences of mutant and control mosquitoes. Results A previous study showed an altered phenotype only for dsxF −/− females, who appear intersex, suggesting that the female-specific dsxF allele is haplosufficient. We identified significant, dose-dependent increases in the WBF of both dsxF −/− and dsxF +/− females compared to dsxF +/+ females. All female WBFs remained significantly lower than male equivalents, though. Males showed stronger phonotactic responses to the WBFs of control dsxF +/+ females than to those of dsxF +/− and dsxF −/− females. We found no evidence of phonotaxis in any female genotype. No male genotypes displayed any deviations from controls. Conclusions A prerequisite for anopheline copulation is the phonotactic attraction of males towards female flight tones within mating swarms. Reductions in mutant acoustic attractiveness diminish their mating efficiency and thus the efficacy of population control efforts. Caged population assessments may not successfully reproduce natural mating scenarios. We propose to amend existing testing protocols to better reflect competition between mutants and target populations. Our findings confirm that dsxF disruption has no effect on males; for some phenotypic traits, such as female WBFs, the effects of dsxF appear dose-dependent rather than haplosufficient. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Matthew P. Su [verfasserIn] Marcos Georgiades [verfasserIn] Judit Bagi [verfasserIn] Kyros Kyrou [verfasserIn] Andrea Crisanti [verfasserIn] Joerg T. Albert [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2020

Schlagwörter:	Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) Anopheles coluzzii Doublesex Gene drive Wing beat frequency Flight tone

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Parasites & Vectors - BMC, 2008, 13(2020), 1, Seite 9
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:13 ; year:2020 ; number:1 ; pages:9

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ007716265

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520			\|a Abstract Background Release of gene-drive mutants to suppress Anopheles mosquito reproduction is a promising method of malaria control. However, many scientific, regulatory and ethical questions remain before transgenic mosquitoes can be utilised in the field. At a behavioural level, gene-drive carrying mutants should be at least as sexually attractive as the wildtype populations they compete against, with a key element of Anopheles copulation being acoustic courtship. We analysed sound emissions and acoustic preference in a doublesex mutant previously used to collapse Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) cages. Methods Anopheles rely on flight tones produced by the beating of their wings for acoustic mating communication. We assessed the impact of disrupting a female-specific isoform of the doublesex gene (dsxF) on the wing beat frequency (WBF; measured as flight tone) of males (XY) and females (XX) in homozygous dsxF − mutants (dsxF −/− ), heterozygous dsxF − carriers (dsxF +/−) and G3 dsxF + controls (dsxF +/+). To exclude non-genetic influences, we controlled for temperature and wing length. We used a phonotaxis assay to test the acoustic preferences of mutant and control mosquitoes. Results A previous study showed an altered phenotype only for dsxF −/− females, who appear intersex, suggesting that the female-specific dsxF allele is haplosufficient. We identified significant, dose-dependent increases in the WBF of both dsxF −/− and dsxF +/− females compared to dsxF +/+ females. All female WBFs remained significantly lower than male equivalents, though. Males showed stronger phonotactic responses to the WBFs of control dsxF +/+ females than to those of dsxF +/− and dsxF −/− females. We found no evidence of phonotaxis in any female genotype. No male genotypes displayed any deviations from controls. Conclusions A prerequisite for anopheline copulation is the phonotactic attraction of males towards female flight tones within mating swarms. Reductions in mutant acoustic attractiveness diminish their mating efficiency and thus the efficacy of population control efforts. Caged population assessments may not successfully reproduce natural mating scenarios. We propose to amend existing testing protocols to better reflect competition between mutants and target populations. Our findings confirm that dsxF disruption has no effect on males; for some phenotypic traits, such as female WBFs, the effects of dsxF appear dose-dependent rather than haplosufficient.
650		4	\|a Anopheles gambiae (s.l.)
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allfields	10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x doi (DE-627)DOAJ007716265 (DE-599)DOAJa7f30ba82083428480105b014c8883dc DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC109-216 Matthew P. Su verfasserin aut Assessing the acoustic behaviour of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) dsxF mutants: implications for vector control 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Background Release of gene-drive mutants to suppress Anopheles mosquito reproduction is a promising method of malaria control. However, many scientific, regulatory and ethical questions remain before transgenic mosquitoes can be utilised in the field. At a behavioural level, gene-drive carrying mutants should be at least as sexually attractive as the wildtype populations they compete against, with a key element of Anopheles copulation being acoustic courtship. We analysed sound emissions and acoustic preference in a doublesex mutant previously used to collapse Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) cages. Methods Anopheles rely on flight tones produced by the beating of their wings for acoustic mating communication. We assessed the impact of disrupting a female-specific isoform of the doublesex gene (dsxF) on the wing beat frequency (WBF; measured as flight tone) of males (XY) and females (XX) in homozygous dsxF − mutants (dsxF −/− ), heterozygous dsxF − carriers (dsxF +/−) and G3 dsxF + controls (dsxF +/+). To exclude non-genetic influences, we controlled for temperature and wing length. We used a phonotaxis assay to test the acoustic preferences of mutant and control mosquitoes. Results A previous study showed an altered phenotype only for dsxF −/− females, who appear intersex, suggesting that the female-specific dsxF allele is haplosufficient. We identified significant, dose-dependent increases in the WBF of both dsxF −/− and dsxF +/− females compared to dsxF +/+ females. All female WBFs remained significantly lower than male equivalents, though. Males showed stronger phonotactic responses to the WBFs of control dsxF +/+ females than to those of dsxF +/− and dsxF −/− females. We found no evidence of phonotaxis in any female genotype. No male genotypes displayed any deviations from controls. Conclusions A prerequisite for anopheline copulation is the phonotactic attraction of males towards female flight tones within mating swarms. Reductions in mutant acoustic attractiveness diminish their mating efficiency and thus the efficacy of population control efforts. Caged population assessments may not successfully reproduce natural mating scenarios. We propose to amend existing testing protocols to better reflect competition between mutants and target populations. Our findings confirm that dsxF disruption has no effect on males; for some phenotypic traits, such as female WBFs, the effects of dsxF appear dose-dependent rather than haplosufficient. Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) Anopheles coluzzii Doublesex Gene drive Wing beat frequency Flight tone Infectious and parasitic diseases Marcos Georgiades verfasserin aut Judit Bagi verfasserin aut Kyros Kyrou verfasserin aut Andrea Crisanti verfasserin aut Joerg T. Albert verfasserin aut In Parasites & Vectors BMC, 2008 13(2020), 1, Seite 9 (DE-627)558690076 (DE-600)2409480-8 17563305 nnns volume:13 year:2020 number:1 pages:9 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a7f30ba82083428480105b014c8883dc kostenfrei http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1756-3305 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2020 1 9
spelling	10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x doi (DE-627)DOAJ007716265 (DE-599)DOAJa7f30ba82083428480105b014c8883dc DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC109-216 Matthew P. Su verfasserin aut Assessing the acoustic behaviour of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) dsxF mutants: implications for vector control 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Background Release of gene-drive mutants to suppress Anopheles mosquito reproduction is a promising method of malaria control. However, many scientific, regulatory and ethical questions remain before transgenic mosquitoes can be utilised in the field. At a behavioural level, gene-drive carrying mutants should be at least as sexually attractive as the wildtype populations they compete against, with a key element of Anopheles copulation being acoustic courtship. We analysed sound emissions and acoustic preference in a doublesex mutant previously used to collapse Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) cages. Methods Anopheles rely on flight tones produced by the beating of their wings for acoustic mating communication. We assessed the impact of disrupting a female-specific isoform of the doublesex gene (dsxF) on the wing beat frequency (WBF; measured as flight tone) of males (XY) and females (XX) in homozygous dsxF − mutants (dsxF −/− ), heterozygous dsxF − carriers (dsxF +/−) and G3 dsxF + controls (dsxF +/+). To exclude non-genetic influences, we controlled for temperature and wing length. We used a phonotaxis assay to test the acoustic preferences of mutant and control mosquitoes. Results A previous study showed an altered phenotype only for dsxF −/− females, who appear intersex, suggesting that the female-specific dsxF allele is haplosufficient. We identified significant, dose-dependent increases in the WBF of both dsxF −/− and dsxF +/− females compared to dsxF +/+ females. All female WBFs remained significantly lower than male equivalents, though. Males showed stronger phonotactic responses to the WBFs of control dsxF +/+ females than to those of dsxF +/− and dsxF −/− females. We found no evidence of phonotaxis in any female genotype. No male genotypes displayed any deviations from controls. Conclusions A prerequisite for anopheline copulation is the phonotactic attraction of males towards female flight tones within mating swarms. Reductions in mutant acoustic attractiveness diminish their mating efficiency and thus the efficacy of population control efforts. Caged population assessments may not successfully reproduce natural mating scenarios. We propose to amend existing testing protocols to better reflect competition between mutants and target populations. Our findings confirm that dsxF disruption has no effect on males; for some phenotypic traits, such as female WBFs, the effects of dsxF appear dose-dependent rather than haplosufficient. Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) Anopheles coluzzii Doublesex Gene drive Wing beat frequency Flight tone Infectious and parasitic diseases Marcos Georgiades verfasserin aut Judit Bagi verfasserin aut Kyros Kyrou verfasserin aut Andrea Crisanti verfasserin aut Joerg T. Albert verfasserin aut In Parasites & Vectors BMC, 2008 13(2020), 1, Seite 9 (DE-627)558690076 (DE-600)2409480-8 17563305 nnns volume:13 year:2020 number:1 pages:9 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a7f30ba82083428480105b014c8883dc kostenfrei http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1756-3305 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2020 1 9
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x doi (DE-627)DOAJ007716265 (DE-599)DOAJa7f30ba82083428480105b014c8883dc DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC109-216 Matthew P. Su verfasserin aut Assessing the acoustic behaviour of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) dsxF mutants: implications for vector control 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Background Release of gene-drive mutants to suppress Anopheles mosquito reproduction is a promising method of malaria control. However, many scientific, regulatory and ethical questions remain before transgenic mosquitoes can be utilised in the field. At a behavioural level, gene-drive carrying mutants should be at least as sexually attractive as the wildtype populations they compete against, with a key element of Anopheles copulation being acoustic courtship. We analysed sound emissions and acoustic preference in a doublesex mutant previously used to collapse Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) cages. Methods Anopheles rely on flight tones produced by the beating of their wings for acoustic mating communication. We assessed the impact of disrupting a female-specific isoform of the doublesex gene (dsxF) on the wing beat frequency (WBF; measured as flight tone) of males (XY) and females (XX) in homozygous dsxF − mutants (dsxF −/− ), heterozygous dsxF − carriers (dsxF +/−) and G3 dsxF + controls (dsxF +/+). To exclude non-genetic influences, we controlled for temperature and wing length. We used a phonotaxis assay to test the acoustic preferences of mutant and control mosquitoes. Results A previous study showed an altered phenotype only for dsxF −/− females, who appear intersex, suggesting that the female-specific dsxF allele is haplosufficient. We identified significant, dose-dependent increases in the WBF of both dsxF −/− and dsxF +/− females compared to dsxF +/+ females. All female WBFs remained significantly lower than male equivalents, though. Males showed stronger phonotactic responses to the WBFs of control dsxF +/+ females than to those of dsxF +/− and dsxF −/− females. We found no evidence of phonotaxis in any female genotype. No male genotypes displayed any deviations from controls. Conclusions A prerequisite for anopheline copulation is the phonotactic attraction of males towards female flight tones within mating swarms. Reductions in mutant acoustic attractiveness diminish their mating efficiency and thus the efficacy of population control efforts. Caged population assessments may not successfully reproduce natural mating scenarios. We propose to amend existing testing protocols to better reflect competition between mutants and target populations. Our findings confirm that dsxF disruption has no effect on males; for some phenotypic traits, such as female WBFs, the effects of dsxF appear dose-dependent rather than haplosufficient. Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) Anopheles coluzzii Doublesex Gene drive Wing beat frequency Flight tone Infectious and parasitic diseases Marcos Georgiades verfasserin aut Judit Bagi verfasserin aut Kyros Kyrou verfasserin aut Andrea Crisanti verfasserin aut Joerg T. Albert verfasserin aut In Parasites & Vectors BMC, 2008 13(2020), 1, Seite 9 (DE-627)558690076 (DE-600)2409480-8 17563305 nnns volume:13 year:2020 number:1 pages:9 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a7f30ba82083428480105b014c8883dc kostenfrei http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1756-3305 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2020 1 9
allfieldsGer	10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x doi (DE-627)DOAJ007716265 (DE-599)DOAJa7f30ba82083428480105b014c8883dc DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC109-216 Matthew P. Su verfasserin aut Assessing the acoustic behaviour of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) dsxF mutants: implications for vector control 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Background Release of gene-drive mutants to suppress Anopheles mosquito reproduction is a promising method of malaria control. However, many scientific, regulatory and ethical questions remain before transgenic mosquitoes can be utilised in the field. At a behavioural level, gene-drive carrying mutants should be at least as sexually attractive as the wildtype populations they compete against, with a key element of Anopheles copulation being acoustic courtship. We analysed sound emissions and acoustic preference in a doublesex mutant previously used to collapse Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) cages. Methods Anopheles rely on flight tones produced by the beating of their wings for acoustic mating communication. We assessed the impact of disrupting a female-specific isoform of the doublesex gene (dsxF) on the wing beat frequency (WBF; measured as flight tone) of males (XY) and females (XX) in homozygous dsxF − mutants (dsxF −/− ), heterozygous dsxF − carriers (dsxF +/−) and G3 dsxF + controls (dsxF +/+). To exclude non-genetic influences, we controlled for temperature and wing length. We used a phonotaxis assay to test the acoustic preferences of mutant and control mosquitoes. Results A previous study showed an altered phenotype only for dsxF −/− females, who appear intersex, suggesting that the female-specific dsxF allele is haplosufficient. We identified significant, dose-dependent increases in the WBF of both dsxF −/− and dsxF +/− females compared to dsxF +/+ females. All female WBFs remained significantly lower than male equivalents, though. Males showed stronger phonotactic responses to the WBFs of control dsxF +/+ females than to those of dsxF +/− and dsxF −/− females. We found no evidence of phonotaxis in any female genotype. No male genotypes displayed any deviations from controls. Conclusions A prerequisite for anopheline copulation is the phonotactic attraction of males towards female flight tones within mating swarms. Reductions in mutant acoustic attractiveness diminish their mating efficiency and thus the efficacy of population control efforts. Caged population assessments may not successfully reproduce natural mating scenarios. We propose to amend existing testing protocols to better reflect competition between mutants and target populations. Our findings confirm that dsxF disruption has no effect on males; for some phenotypic traits, such as female WBFs, the effects of dsxF appear dose-dependent rather than haplosufficient. Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) Anopheles coluzzii Doublesex Gene drive Wing beat frequency Flight tone Infectious and parasitic diseases Marcos Georgiades verfasserin aut Judit Bagi verfasserin aut Kyros Kyrou verfasserin aut Andrea Crisanti verfasserin aut Joerg T. Albert verfasserin aut In Parasites & Vectors BMC, 2008 13(2020), 1, Seite 9 (DE-627)558690076 (DE-600)2409480-8 17563305 nnns volume:13 year:2020 number:1 pages:9 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a7f30ba82083428480105b014c8883dc kostenfrei http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1756-3305 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2020 1 9
allfieldsSound	10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x doi (DE-627)DOAJ007716265 (DE-599)DOAJa7f30ba82083428480105b014c8883dc DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC109-216 Matthew P. Su verfasserin aut Assessing the acoustic behaviour of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) dsxF mutants: implications for vector control 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Background Release of gene-drive mutants to suppress Anopheles mosquito reproduction is a promising method of malaria control. However, many scientific, regulatory and ethical questions remain before transgenic mosquitoes can be utilised in the field. At a behavioural level, gene-drive carrying mutants should be at least as sexually attractive as the wildtype populations they compete against, with a key element of Anopheles copulation being acoustic courtship. We analysed sound emissions and acoustic preference in a doublesex mutant previously used to collapse Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) cages. Methods Anopheles rely on flight tones produced by the beating of their wings for acoustic mating communication. We assessed the impact of disrupting a female-specific isoform of the doublesex gene (dsxF) on the wing beat frequency (WBF; measured as flight tone) of males (XY) and females (XX) in homozygous dsxF − mutants (dsxF −/− ), heterozygous dsxF − carriers (dsxF +/−) and G3 dsxF + controls (dsxF +/+). To exclude non-genetic influences, we controlled for temperature and wing length. We used a phonotaxis assay to test the acoustic preferences of mutant and control mosquitoes. Results A previous study showed an altered phenotype only for dsxF −/− females, who appear intersex, suggesting that the female-specific dsxF allele is haplosufficient. We identified significant, dose-dependent increases in the WBF of both dsxF −/− and dsxF +/− females compared to dsxF +/+ females. All female WBFs remained significantly lower than male equivalents, though. Males showed stronger phonotactic responses to the WBFs of control dsxF +/+ females than to those of dsxF +/− and dsxF −/− females. We found no evidence of phonotaxis in any female genotype. No male genotypes displayed any deviations from controls. Conclusions A prerequisite for anopheline copulation is the phonotactic attraction of males towards female flight tones within mating swarms. Reductions in mutant acoustic attractiveness diminish their mating efficiency and thus the efficacy of population control efforts. Caged population assessments may not successfully reproduce natural mating scenarios. We propose to amend existing testing protocols to better reflect competition between mutants and target populations. Our findings confirm that dsxF disruption has no effect on males; for some phenotypic traits, such as female WBFs, the effects of dsxF appear dose-dependent rather than haplosufficient. Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) Anopheles coluzzii Doublesex Gene drive Wing beat frequency Flight tone Infectious and parasitic diseases Marcos Georgiades verfasserin aut Judit Bagi verfasserin aut Kyros Kyrou verfasserin aut Andrea Crisanti verfasserin aut Joerg T. Albert verfasserin aut In Parasites & Vectors BMC, 2008 13(2020), 1, Seite 9 (DE-627)558690076 (DE-600)2409480-8 17563305 nnns volume:13 year:2020 number:1 pages:9 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a7f30ba82083428480105b014c8883dc kostenfrei http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1756-3305 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2020 1 9
language	English
source	In Parasites & Vectors 13(2020), 1, Seite 9 volume:13 year:2020 number:1 pages:9
sourceStr	In Parasites & Vectors 13(2020), 1, Seite 9 volume:13 year:2020 number:1 pages:9
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) Anopheles coluzzii Doublesex Gene drive Wing beat frequency Flight tone Infectious and parasitic diseases
isfreeaccess_bool	true
container_title	Parasites & Vectors
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Matthew P. Su @@aut@@ Marcos Georgiades @@aut@@ Judit Bagi @@aut@@ Kyros Kyrou @@aut@@ Andrea Crisanti @@aut@@ Joerg T. Albert @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	558690076
id	DOAJ007716265
language_de	englisch
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Su</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Assessing the acoustic behaviour of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) dsxF mutants: implications for vector control</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2020</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abstract Background Release of gene-drive mutants to suppress Anopheles mosquito reproduction is a promising method of malaria control. However, many scientific, regulatory and ethical questions remain before transgenic mosquitoes can be utilised in the field. At a behavioural level, gene-drive carrying mutants should be at least as sexually attractive as the wildtype populations they compete against, with a key element of Anopheles copulation being acoustic courtship. We analysed sound emissions and acoustic preference in a doublesex mutant previously used to collapse Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) cages. Methods Anopheles rely on flight tones produced by the beating of their wings for acoustic mating communication. We assessed the impact of disrupting a female-specific isoform of the doublesex gene (dsxF) on the wing beat frequency (WBF; measured as flight tone) of males (XY) and females (XX) in homozygous dsxF − mutants (dsxF −/− ), heterozygous dsxF − carriers (dsxF +/−) and G3 dsxF + controls (dsxF +/+). To exclude non-genetic influences, we controlled for temperature and wing length. We used a phonotaxis assay to test the acoustic preferences of mutant and control mosquitoes. Results A previous study showed an altered phenotype only for dsxF −/− females, who appear intersex, suggesting that the female-specific dsxF allele is haplosufficient. We identified significant, dose-dependent increases in the WBF of both dsxF −/− and dsxF +/− females compared to dsxF +/+ females. All female WBFs remained significantly lower than male equivalents, though. Males showed stronger phonotactic responses to the WBFs of control dsxF +/+ females than to those of dsxF +/− and dsxF −/− females. We found no evidence of phonotaxis in any female genotype. No male genotypes displayed any deviations from controls. Conclusions A prerequisite for anopheline copulation is the phonotactic attraction of males towards female flight tones within mating swarms. Reductions in mutant acoustic attractiveness diminish their mating efficiency and thus the efficacy of population control efforts. Caged population assessments may not successfully reproduce natural mating scenarios. We propose to amend existing testing protocols to better reflect competition between mutants and target populations. 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callnumber-first	R - Medicine
author	Matthew P. Su
spellingShingle	Matthew P. Su misc RC109-216 misc Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) misc Anopheles coluzzii misc Doublesex misc Gene drive misc Wing beat frequency misc Flight tone misc Infectious and parasitic diseases Assessing the acoustic behaviour of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) dsxF mutants: implications for vector control
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topic_title	RC109-216 Assessing the acoustic behaviour of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) dsxF mutants: implications for vector control Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) Anopheles coluzzii Doublesex Gene drive Wing beat frequency Flight tone
topic	misc RC109-216 misc Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) misc Anopheles coluzzii misc Doublesex misc Gene drive misc Wing beat frequency misc Flight tone misc Infectious and parasitic diseases
topic_unstemmed	misc RC109-216 misc Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) misc Anopheles coluzzii misc Doublesex misc Gene drive misc Wing beat frequency misc Flight tone misc Infectious and parasitic diseases
topic_browse	misc RC109-216 misc Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) misc Anopheles coluzzii misc Doublesex misc Gene drive misc Wing beat frequency misc Flight tone misc Infectious and parasitic diseases
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title	Assessing the acoustic behaviour of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) dsxF mutants: implications for vector control
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title_full	Assessing the acoustic behaviour of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) dsxF mutants: implications for vector control
author_sort	Matthew P. Su
journal	Parasites & Vectors
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author_browse	Matthew P. Su Marcos Georgiades Judit Bagi Kyros Kyrou Andrea Crisanti Joerg T. Albert
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author-letter	Matthew P. Su
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title_sort	assessing the acoustic behaviour of anopheles gambiae (s.l.) dsxf mutants: implications for vector control
callnumber	RC109-216
title_auth	Assessing the acoustic behaviour of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) dsxF mutants: implications for vector control
abstract	Abstract Background Release of gene-drive mutants to suppress Anopheles mosquito reproduction is a promising method of malaria control. However, many scientific, regulatory and ethical questions remain before transgenic mosquitoes can be utilised in the field. At a behavioural level, gene-drive carrying mutants should be at least as sexually attractive as the wildtype populations they compete against, with a key element of Anopheles copulation being acoustic courtship. We analysed sound emissions and acoustic preference in a doublesex mutant previously used to collapse Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) cages. Methods Anopheles rely on flight tones produced by the beating of their wings for acoustic mating communication. We assessed the impact of disrupting a female-specific isoform of the doublesex gene (dsxF) on the wing beat frequency (WBF; measured as flight tone) of males (XY) and females (XX) in homozygous dsxF − mutants (dsxF −/− ), heterozygous dsxF − carriers (dsxF +/−) and G3 dsxF + controls (dsxF +/+). To exclude non-genetic influences, we controlled for temperature and wing length. We used a phonotaxis assay to test the acoustic preferences of mutant and control mosquitoes. Results A previous study showed an altered phenotype only for dsxF −/− females, who appear intersex, suggesting that the female-specific dsxF allele is haplosufficient. We identified significant, dose-dependent increases in the WBF of both dsxF −/− and dsxF +/− females compared to dsxF +/+ females. All female WBFs remained significantly lower than male equivalents, though. Males showed stronger phonotactic responses to the WBFs of control dsxF +/+ females than to those of dsxF +/− and dsxF −/− females. We found no evidence of phonotaxis in any female genotype. No male genotypes displayed any deviations from controls. Conclusions A prerequisite for anopheline copulation is the phonotactic attraction of males towards female flight tones within mating swarms. Reductions in mutant acoustic attractiveness diminish their mating efficiency and thus the efficacy of population control efforts. Caged population assessments may not successfully reproduce natural mating scenarios. We propose to amend existing testing protocols to better reflect competition between mutants and target populations. Our findings confirm that dsxF disruption has no effect on males; for some phenotypic traits, such as female WBFs, the effects of dsxF appear dose-dependent rather than haplosufficient.
abstractGer	Abstract Background Release of gene-drive mutants to suppress Anopheles mosquito reproduction is a promising method of malaria control. However, many scientific, regulatory and ethical questions remain before transgenic mosquitoes can be utilised in the field. At a behavioural level, gene-drive carrying mutants should be at least as sexually attractive as the wildtype populations they compete against, with a key element of Anopheles copulation being acoustic courtship. We analysed sound emissions and acoustic preference in a doublesex mutant previously used to collapse Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) cages. Methods Anopheles rely on flight tones produced by the beating of their wings for acoustic mating communication. We assessed the impact of disrupting a female-specific isoform of the doublesex gene (dsxF) on the wing beat frequency (WBF; measured as flight tone) of males (XY) and females (XX) in homozygous dsxF − mutants (dsxF −/− ), heterozygous dsxF − carriers (dsxF +/−) and G3 dsxF + controls (dsxF +/+). To exclude non-genetic influences, we controlled for temperature and wing length. We used a phonotaxis assay to test the acoustic preferences of mutant and control mosquitoes. Results A previous study showed an altered phenotype only for dsxF −/− females, who appear intersex, suggesting that the female-specific dsxF allele is haplosufficient. We identified significant, dose-dependent increases in the WBF of both dsxF −/− and dsxF +/− females compared to dsxF +/+ females. All female WBFs remained significantly lower than male equivalents, though. Males showed stronger phonotactic responses to the WBFs of control dsxF +/+ females than to those of dsxF +/− and dsxF −/− females. We found no evidence of phonotaxis in any female genotype. No male genotypes displayed any deviations from controls. Conclusions A prerequisite for anopheline copulation is the phonotactic attraction of males towards female flight tones within mating swarms. Reductions in mutant acoustic attractiveness diminish their mating efficiency and thus the efficacy of population control efforts. Caged population assessments may not successfully reproduce natural mating scenarios. We propose to amend existing testing protocols to better reflect competition between mutants and target populations. Our findings confirm that dsxF disruption has no effect on males; for some phenotypic traits, such as female WBFs, the effects of dsxF appear dose-dependent rather than haplosufficient.
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract Background Release of gene-drive mutants to suppress Anopheles mosquito reproduction is a promising method of malaria control. However, many scientific, regulatory and ethical questions remain before transgenic mosquitoes can be utilised in the field. At a behavioural level, gene-drive carrying mutants should be at least as sexually attractive as the wildtype populations they compete against, with a key element of Anopheles copulation being acoustic courtship. We analysed sound emissions and acoustic preference in a doublesex mutant previously used to collapse Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) cages. Methods Anopheles rely on flight tones produced by the beating of their wings for acoustic mating communication. We assessed the impact of disrupting a female-specific isoform of the doublesex gene (dsxF) on the wing beat frequency (WBF; measured as flight tone) of males (XY) and females (XX) in homozygous dsxF − mutants (dsxF −/− ), heterozygous dsxF − carriers (dsxF +/−) and G3 dsxF + controls (dsxF +/+). To exclude non-genetic influences, we controlled for temperature and wing length. We used a phonotaxis assay to test the acoustic preferences of mutant and control mosquitoes. Results A previous study showed an altered phenotype only for dsxF −/− females, who appear intersex, suggesting that the female-specific dsxF allele is haplosufficient. We identified significant, dose-dependent increases in the WBF of both dsxF −/− and dsxF +/− females compared to dsxF +/+ females. All female WBFs remained significantly lower than male equivalents, though. Males showed stronger phonotactic responses to the WBFs of control dsxF +/+ females than to those of dsxF +/− and dsxF −/− females. We found no evidence of phonotaxis in any female genotype. No male genotypes displayed any deviations from controls. Conclusions A prerequisite for anopheline copulation is the phonotactic attraction of males towards female flight tones within mating swarms. Reductions in mutant acoustic attractiveness diminish their mating efficiency and thus the efficacy of population control efforts. Caged population assessments may not successfully reproduce natural mating scenarios. We propose to amend existing testing protocols to better reflect competition between mutants and target populations. Our findings confirm that dsxF disruption has no effect on males; for some phenotypic traits, such as female WBFs, the effects of dsxF appear dose-dependent rather than haplosufficient.
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title_short	Assessing the acoustic behaviour of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) dsxF mutants: implications for vector control
url	https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x https://doaj.org/article/a7f30ba82083428480105b014c8883dc http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x https://doaj.org/toc/1756-3305
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Assessing the acoustic behaviour of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) dsxF mutants: implications for vector control

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