Biochemical Estimation in an Acute Toxicity Study of Narayana ChenduramA Siddha Formulation
Introduction: Chendurams are more potent and its potency is further increased when combined with herbal juices. Chenduram is known to be effective when it is given at low concentration. Narayana Chenduram (NC) is a metal based siddha formulation that contains heavy metals like mercury, cinnabar, ars...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
PM Sukala [verfasserIn] R Muthusamy [verfasserIn] V Tamilalagan [verfasserIn] S Baskaran [verfasserIn] Arbind Kumar Choudhary [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2021 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research - JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited, 2009, 15(2021), 12, Seite 01-05 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:15 ; year:2021 ; number:12 ; pages:01-05 |
| Links: |
Link aufrufen |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.7860/JCDR/2021/51437.15734 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
DOAJ009681450 |
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| 520 | |a Introduction: Chendurams are more potent and its potency is further increased when combined with herbal juices. Chenduram is known to be effective when it is given at low concentration. Narayana Chenduram (NC) is a metal based siddha formulation that contains heavy metals like mercury, cinnabar, arsenic along with sulphur/sulphides. NC is used to treat Parkinson’s disease along with the polyherbal formulation Athimathura Gritham (AG). Aim: To evaluate the health status of the animals under acute oral toxicity study of NC. Biochemical estimation of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was carried out. Histopathological study was also performed in liver and kidney. Materials and Methods: The present experimental study was conducted in Department of Anatomy, University of Madras, Chennai, India from October 2009 to December 2009. The heavy metals present in NC was analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrophotometry (ICP-OES) using acid digestion method. A single oral dose acute toxicity study of NC was conducted using acute toxic class method as per Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Guidelines for the testing of chemicals. It was done using limit test method. The study was conducted by giving NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight mixed in 10 mL of honey/kg body weight and rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs. Total five animals were tested under this method to determine Lethal Dose 50 (LD50). On day 15, the distribution of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was determined by ICP-OES using acid digestion method and was compared with control. Food and water intake, body weight were recorded before and after drug administration as per the guidelines. Histopathological examination of liver and kidney was performed in the same animals and compared with control. To find the effect of given adjuvant (honey) under acute oral toxicity study, NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of honey/kg body weight was administered to one group of animals and NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of sesame oil/kg body weight was given orally to another group of animals. After administration of test drug, the rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs and on 15th day they were sacrificed to study histological changes in kidney and liver among these two groups. Adjuvant treated control group of animals were administered only with 10 mL of honey at a single dose and observed for 14 days and sacrificed on day 15 to study histology of liver and kidney and compared with control. Results: No mortality was observed at a single dose of 2000 mg/ kg under acute toxicity study. Hence, LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight. ICP-OES analysis showed that the mean concentration of mercury was five times more than that of mean concentration of arsenic in the given sample weight of NC. Under acute toxicity study, after oral administration of NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed more significant accumulation of mercury than arsenic when compared to control groups. A single dose of 2000 mg NC produced hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity. At a single dose of NC at 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL honey showed less histopathological changes when compared with NC mixed with sesame oil. Adjuvant (honey) treated group did not show any histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney when compared with control. Conclusion: Though there was no mortality at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed marked accumulation of mercury that indicates toxicity. It produced signs of histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney. Dose dependent change was observed. Hence, it is recommended to use Chenduram at low doses. | ||
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10.7860/JCDR/2021/51437.15734 doi (DE-627)DOAJ009681450 (DE-599)DOAJ3c43d34cb01748b5ace5275b46c747a1 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng PM Sukala verfasserin aut Biochemical Estimation in an Acute Toxicity Study of Narayana ChenduramA Siddha Formulation 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Introduction: Chendurams are more potent and its potency is further increased when combined with herbal juices. Chenduram is known to be effective when it is given at low concentration. Narayana Chenduram (NC) is a metal based siddha formulation that contains heavy metals like mercury, cinnabar, arsenic along with sulphur/sulphides. NC is used to treat Parkinson’s disease along with the polyherbal formulation Athimathura Gritham (AG). Aim: To evaluate the health status of the animals under acute oral toxicity study of NC. Biochemical estimation of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was carried out. Histopathological study was also performed in liver and kidney. Materials and Methods: The present experimental study was conducted in Department of Anatomy, University of Madras, Chennai, India from October 2009 to December 2009. The heavy metals present in NC was analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrophotometry (ICP-OES) using acid digestion method. A single oral dose acute toxicity study of NC was conducted using acute toxic class method as per Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Guidelines for the testing of chemicals. It was done using limit test method. The study was conducted by giving NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight mixed in 10 mL of honey/kg body weight and rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs. Total five animals were tested under this method to determine Lethal Dose 50 (LD50). On day 15, the distribution of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was determined by ICP-OES using acid digestion method and was compared with control. Food and water intake, body weight were recorded before and after drug administration as per the guidelines. Histopathological examination of liver and kidney was performed in the same animals and compared with control. To find the effect of given adjuvant (honey) under acute oral toxicity study, NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of honey/kg body weight was administered to one group of animals and NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of sesame oil/kg body weight was given orally to another group of animals. After administration of test drug, the rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs and on 15th day they were sacrificed to study histological changes in kidney and liver among these two groups. Adjuvant treated control group of animals were administered only with 10 mL of honey at a single dose and observed for 14 days and sacrificed on day 15 to study histology of liver and kidney and compared with control. Results: No mortality was observed at a single dose of 2000 mg/ kg under acute toxicity study. Hence, LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight. ICP-OES analysis showed that the mean concentration of mercury was five times more than that of mean concentration of arsenic in the given sample weight of NC. Under acute toxicity study, after oral administration of NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed more significant accumulation of mercury than arsenic when compared to control groups. A single dose of 2000 mg NC produced hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity. At a single dose of NC at 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL honey showed less histopathological changes when compared with NC mixed with sesame oil. Adjuvant (honey) treated group did not show any histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney when compared with control. Conclusion: Though there was no mortality at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed marked accumulation of mercury that indicates toxicity. It produced signs of histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney. Dose dependent change was observed. Hence, it is recommended to use Chenduram at low doses. cinnabar histopathological examination parkinsonism siddha medicines sulphur Medicine R R Muthusamy verfasserin aut V Tamilalagan verfasserin aut S Baskaran verfasserin aut Arbind Kumar Choudhary verfasserin aut In Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited, 2009 15(2021), 12, Seite 01-05 (DE-627)789478048 (DE-600)2775283-5 0973709X nnns volume:15 year:2021 number:12 pages:01-05 https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2021/51437.15734 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3c43d34cb01748b5ace5275b46c747a1 kostenfrei https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/15734/51437_CE[Ra1]_F(KM)_PF1(AG_KM)_PFA(AG_KM)_PN(KM).pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2249-782X Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0973-709X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2021 12 01-05 |
| spelling |
10.7860/JCDR/2021/51437.15734 doi (DE-627)DOAJ009681450 (DE-599)DOAJ3c43d34cb01748b5ace5275b46c747a1 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng PM Sukala verfasserin aut Biochemical Estimation in an Acute Toxicity Study of Narayana ChenduramA Siddha Formulation 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Introduction: Chendurams are more potent and its potency is further increased when combined with herbal juices. Chenduram is known to be effective when it is given at low concentration. Narayana Chenduram (NC) is a metal based siddha formulation that contains heavy metals like mercury, cinnabar, arsenic along with sulphur/sulphides. NC is used to treat Parkinson’s disease along with the polyherbal formulation Athimathura Gritham (AG). Aim: To evaluate the health status of the animals under acute oral toxicity study of NC. Biochemical estimation of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was carried out. Histopathological study was also performed in liver and kidney. Materials and Methods: The present experimental study was conducted in Department of Anatomy, University of Madras, Chennai, India from October 2009 to December 2009. The heavy metals present in NC was analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrophotometry (ICP-OES) using acid digestion method. A single oral dose acute toxicity study of NC was conducted using acute toxic class method as per Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Guidelines for the testing of chemicals. It was done using limit test method. The study was conducted by giving NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight mixed in 10 mL of honey/kg body weight and rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs. Total five animals were tested under this method to determine Lethal Dose 50 (LD50). On day 15, the distribution of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was determined by ICP-OES using acid digestion method and was compared with control. Food and water intake, body weight were recorded before and after drug administration as per the guidelines. Histopathological examination of liver and kidney was performed in the same animals and compared with control. To find the effect of given adjuvant (honey) under acute oral toxicity study, NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of honey/kg body weight was administered to one group of animals and NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of sesame oil/kg body weight was given orally to another group of animals. After administration of test drug, the rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs and on 15th day they were sacrificed to study histological changes in kidney and liver among these two groups. Adjuvant treated control group of animals were administered only with 10 mL of honey at a single dose and observed for 14 days and sacrificed on day 15 to study histology of liver and kidney and compared with control. Results: No mortality was observed at a single dose of 2000 mg/ kg under acute toxicity study. Hence, LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight. ICP-OES analysis showed that the mean concentration of mercury was five times more than that of mean concentration of arsenic in the given sample weight of NC. Under acute toxicity study, after oral administration of NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed more significant accumulation of mercury than arsenic when compared to control groups. A single dose of 2000 mg NC produced hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity. At a single dose of NC at 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL honey showed less histopathological changes when compared with NC mixed with sesame oil. Adjuvant (honey) treated group did not show any histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney when compared with control. Conclusion: Though there was no mortality at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed marked accumulation of mercury that indicates toxicity. It produced signs of histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney. Dose dependent change was observed. Hence, it is recommended to use Chenduram at low doses. cinnabar histopathological examination parkinsonism siddha medicines sulphur Medicine R R Muthusamy verfasserin aut V Tamilalagan verfasserin aut S Baskaran verfasserin aut Arbind Kumar Choudhary verfasserin aut In Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited, 2009 15(2021), 12, Seite 01-05 (DE-627)789478048 (DE-600)2775283-5 0973709X nnns volume:15 year:2021 number:12 pages:01-05 https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2021/51437.15734 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3c43d34cb01748b5ace5275b46c747a1 kostenfrei https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/15734/51437_CE[Ra1]_F(KM)_PF1(AG_KM)_PFA(AG_KM)_PN(KM).pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2249-782X Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0973-709X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2021 12 01-05 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.7860/JCDR/2021/51437.15734 doi (DE-627)DOAJ009681450 (DE-599)DOAJ3c43d34cb01748b5ace5275b46c747a1 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng PM Sukala verfasserin aut Biochemical Estimation in an Acute Toxicity Study of Narayana ChenduramA Siddha Formulation 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Introduction: Chendurams are more potent and its potency is further increased when combined with herbal juices. Chenduram is known to be effective when it is given at low concentration. Narayana Chenduram (NC) is a metal based siddha formulation that contains heavy metals like mercury, cinnabar, arsenic along with sulphur/sulphides. NC is used to treat Parkinson’s disease along with the polyherbal formulation Athimathura Gritham (AG). Aim: To evaluate the health status of the animals under acute oral toxicity study of NC. Biochemical estimation of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was carried out. Histopathological study was also performed in liver and kidney. Materials and Methods: The present experimental study was conducted in Department of Anatomy, University of Madras, Chennai, India from October 2009 to December 2009. The heavy metals present in NC was analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrophotometry (ICP-OES) using acid digestion method. A single oral dose acute toxicity study of NC was conducted using acute toxic class method as per Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Guidelines for the testing of chemicals. It was done using limit test method. The study was conducted by giving NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight mixed in 10 mL of honey/kg body weight and rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs. Total five animals were tested under this method to determine Lethal Dose 50 (LD50). On day 15, the distribution of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was determined by ICP-OES using acid digestion method and was compared with control. Food and water intake, body weight were recorded before and after drug administration as per the guidelines. Histopathological examination of liver and kidney was performed in the same animals and compared with control. To find the effect of given adjuvant (honey) under acute oral toxicity study, NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of honey/kg body weight was administered to one group of animals and NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of sesame oil/kg body weight was given orally to another group of animals. After administration of test drug, the rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs and on 15th day they were sacrificed to study histological changes in kidney and liver among these two groups. Adjuvant treated control group of animals were administered only with 10 mL of honey at a single dose and observed for 14 days and sacrificed on day 15 to study histology of liver and kidney and compared with control. Results: No mortality was observed at a single dose of 2000 mg/ kg under acute toxicity study. Hence, LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight. ICP-OES analysis showed that the mean concentration of mercury was five times more than that of mean concentration of arsenic in the given sample weight of NC. Under acute toxicity study, after oral administration of NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed more significant accumulation of mercury than arsenic when compared to control groups. A single dose of 2000 mg NC produced hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity. At a single dose of NC at 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL honey showed less histopathological changes when compared with NC mixed with sesame oil. Adjuvant (honey) treated group did not show any histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney when compared with control. Conclusion: Though there was no mortality at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed marked accumulation of mercury that indicates toxicity. It produced signs of histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney. Dose dependent change was observed. Hence, it is recommended to use Chenduram at low doses. cinnabar histopathological examination parkinsonism siddha medicines sulphur Medicine R R Muthusamy verfasserin aut V Tamilalagan verfasserin aut S Baskaran verfasserin aut Arbind Kumar Choudhary verfasserin aut In Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited, 2009 15(2021), 12, Seite 01-05 (DE-627)789478048 (DE-600)2775283-5 0973709X nnns volume:15 year:2021 number:12 pages:01-05 https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2021/51437.15734 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3c43d34cb01748b5ace5275b46c747a1 kostenfrei https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/15734/51437_CE[Ra1]_F(KM)_PF1(AG_KM)_PFA(AG_KM)_PN(KM).pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2249-782X Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0973-709X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2021 12 01-05 |
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10.7860/JCDR/2021/51437.15734 doi (DE-627)DOAJ009681450 (DE-599)DOAJ3c43d34cb01748b5ace5275b46c747a1 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng PM Sukala verfasserin aut Biochemical Estimation in an Acute Toxicity Study of Narayana ChenduramA Siddha Formulation 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Introduction: Chendurams are more potent and its potency is further increased when combined with herbal juices. Chenduram is known to be effective when it is given at low concentration. Narayana Chenduram (NC) is a metal based siddha formulation that contains heavy metals like mercury, cinnabar, arsenic along with sulphur/sulphides. NC is used to treat Parkinson’s disease along with the polyherbal formulation Athimathura Gritham (AG). Aim: To evaluate the health status of the animals under acute oral toxicity study of NC. Biochemical estimation of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was carried out. Histopathological study was also performed in liver and kidney. Materials and Methods: The present experimental study was conducted in Department of Anatomy, University of Madras, Chennai, India from October 2009 to December 2009. The heavy metals present in NC was analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrophotometry (ICP-OES) using acid digestion method. A single oral dose acute toxicity study of NC was conducted using acute toxic class method as per Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Guidelines for the testing of chemicals. It was done using limit test method. The study was conducted by giving NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight mixed in 10 mL of honey/kg body weight and rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs. Total five animals were tested under this method to determine Lethal Dose 50 (LD50). On day 15, the distribution of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was determined by ICP-OES using acid digestion method and was compared with control. Food and water intake, body weight were recorded before and after drug administration as per the guidelines. Histopathological examination of liver and kidney was performed in the same animals and compared with control. To find the effect of given adjuvant (honey) under acute oral toxicity study, NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of honey/kg body weight was administered to one group of animals and NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of sesame oil/kg body weight was given orally to another group of animals. After administration of test drug, the rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs and on 15th day they were sacrificed to study histological changes in kidney and liver among these two groups. Adjuvant treated control group of animals were administered only with 10 mL of honey at a single dose and observed for 14 days and sacrificed on day 15 to study histology of liver and kidney and compared with control. Results: No mortality was observed at a single dose of 2000 mg/ kg under acute toxicity study. Hence, LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight. ICP-OES analysis showed that the mean concentration of mercury was five times more than that of mean concentration of arsenic in the given sample weight of NC. Under acute toxicity study, after oral administration of NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed more significant accumulation of mercury than arsenic when compared to control groups. A single dose of 2000 mg NC produced hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity. At a single dose of NC at 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL honey showed less histopathological changes when compared with NC mixed with sesame oil. Adjuvant (honey) treated group did not show any histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney when compared with control. Conclusion: Though there was no mortality at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed marked accumulation of mercury that indicates toxicity. It produced signs of histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney. Dose dependent change was observed. Hence, it is recommended to use Chenduram at low doses. cinnabar histopathological examination parkinsonism siddha medicines sulphur Medicine R R Muthusamy verfasserin aut V Tamilalagan verfasserin aut S Baskaran verfasserin aut Arbind Kumar Choudhary verfasserin aut In Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited, 2009 15(2021), 12, Seite 01-05 (DE-627)789478048 (DE-600)2775283-5 0973709X nnns volume:15 year:2021 number:12 pages:01-05 https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2021/51437.15734 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3c43d34cb01748b5ace5275b46c747a1 kostenfrei https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/15734/51437_CE[Ra1]_F(KM)_PF1(AG_KM)_PFA(AG_KM)_PN(KM).pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2249-782X Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0973-709X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2021 12 01-05 |
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10.7860/JCDR/2021/51437.15734 doi (DE-627)DOAJ009681450 (DE-599)DOAJ3c43d34cb01748b5ace5275b46c747a1 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng PM Sukala verfasserin aut Biochemical Estimation in an Acute Toxicity Study of Narayana ChenduramA Siddha Formulation 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Introduction: Chendurams are more potent and its potency is further increased when combined with herbal juices. Chenduram is known to be effective when it is given at low concentration. Narayana Chenduram (NC) is a metal based siddha formulation that contains heavy metals like mercury, cinnabar, arsenic along with sulphur/sulphides. NC is used to treat Parkinson’s disease along with the polyherbal formulation Athimathura Gritham (AG). Aim: To evaluate the health status of the animals under acute oral toxicity study of NC. Biochemical estimation of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was carried out. Histopathological study was also performed in liver and kidney. Materials and Methods: The present experimental study was conducted in Department of Anatomy, University of Madras, Chennai, India from October 2009 to December 2009. The heavy metals present in NC was analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrophotometry (ICP-OES) using acid digestion method. A single oral dose acute toxicity study of NC was conducted using acute toxic class method as per Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Guidelines for the testing of chemicals. It was done using limit test method. The study was conducted by giving NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight mixed in 10 mL of honey/kg body weight and rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs. Total five animals were tested under this method to determine Lethal Dose 50 (LD50). On day 15, the distribution of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was determined by ICP-OES using acid digestion method and was compared with control. Food and water intake, body weight were recorded before and after drug administration as per the guidelines. Histopathological examination of liver and kidney was performed in the same animals and compared with control. To find the effect of given adjuvant (honey) under acute oral toxicity study, NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of honey/kg body weight was administered to one group of animals and NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of sesame oil/kg body weight was given orally to another group of animals. After administration of test drug, the rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs and on 15th day they were sacrificed to study histological changes in kidney and liver among these two groups. Adjuvant treated control group of animals were administered only with 10 mL of honey at a single dose and observed for 14 days and sacrificed on day 15 to study histology of liver and kidney and compared with control. Results: No mortality was observed at a single dose of 2000 mg/ kg under acute toxicity study. Hence, LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight. ICP-OES analysis showed that the mean concentration of mercury was five times more than that of mean concentration of arsenic in the given sample weight of NC. Under acute toxicity study, after oral administration of NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed more significant accumulation of mercury than arsenic when compared to control groups. A single dose of 2000 mg NC produced hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity. At a single dose of NC at 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL honey showed less histopathological changes when compared with NC mixed with sesame oil. Adjuvant (honey) treated group did not show any histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney when compared with control. Conclusion: Though there was no mortality at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed marked accumulation of mercury that indicates toxicity. It produced signs of histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney. Dose dependent change was observed. Hence, it is recommended to use Chenduram at low doses. cinnabar histopathological examination parkinsonism siddha medicines sulphur Medicine R R Muthusamy verfasserin aut V Tamilalagan verfasserin aut S Baskaran verfasserin aut Arbind Kumar Choudhary verfasserin aut In Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited, 2009 15(2021), 12, Seite 01-05 (DE-627)789478048 (DE-600)2775283-5 0973709X nnns volume:15 year:2021 number:12 pages:01-05 https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2021/51437.15734 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3c43d34cb01748b5ace5275b46c747a1 kostenfrei https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/15734/51437_CE[Ra1]_F(KM)_PF1(AG_KM)_PFA(AG_KM)_PN(KM).pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2249-782X Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0973-709X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2021 12 01-05 |
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A single oral dose acute toxicity study of NC was conducted using acute toxic class method as per Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Guidelines for the testing of chemicals. It was done using limit test method. The study was conducted by giving NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight mixed in 10 mL of honey/kg body weight and rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs. Total five animals were tested under this method to determine Lethal Dose 50 (LD50). On day 15, the distribution of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was determined by ICP-OES using acid digestion method and was compared with control. Food and water intake, body weight were recorded before and after drug administration as per the guidelines. Histopathological examination of liver and kidney was performed in the same animals and compared with control. To find the effect of given adjuvant (honey) under acute oral toxicity study, NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of honey/kg body weight was administered to one group of animals and NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of sesame oil/kg body weight was given orally to another group of animals. After administration of test drug, the rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs and on 15th day they were sacrificed to study histological changes in kidney and liver among these two groups. Adjuvant treated control group of animals were administered only with 10 mL of honey at a single dose and observed for 14 days and sacrificed on day 15 to study histology of liver and kidney and compared with control. Results: No mortality was observed at a single dose of 2000 mg/ kg under acute toxicity study. Hence, LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight. ICP-OES analysis showed that the mean concentration of mercury was five times more than that of mean concentration of arsenic in the given sample weight of NC. Under acute toxicity study, after oral administration of NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed more significant accumulation of mercury than arsenic when compared to control groups. A single dose of 2000 mg NC produced hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity. At a single dose of NC at 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL honey showed less histopathological changes when compared with NC mixed with sesame oil. Adjuvant (honey) treated group did not show any histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney when compared with control. Conclusion: Though there was no mortality at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed marked accumulation of mercury that indicates toxicity. It produced signs of histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney. Dose dependent change was observed. 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Biochemical Estimation in an Acute Toxicity Study of Narayana ChenduramA Siddha Formulation cinnabar histopathological examination parkinsonism siddha medicines sulphur |
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Biochemical Estimation in an Acute Toxicity Study of Narayana ChenduramA Siddha Formulation |
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PM Sukala R Muthusamy V Tamilalagan S Baskaran Arbind Kumar Choudhary |
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biochemical estimation in an acute toxicity study of narayana chendurama siddha formulation |
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Biochemical Estimation in an Acute Toxicity Study of Narayana ChenduramA Siddha Formulation |
| abstract |
Introduction: Chendurams are more potent and its potency is further increased when combined with herbal juices. Chenduram is known to be effective when it is given at low concentration. Narayana Chenduram (NC) is a metal based siddha formulation that contains heavy metals like mercury, cinnabar, arsenic along with sulphur/sulphides. NC is used to treat Parkinson’s disease along with the polyherbal formulation Athimathura Gritham (AG). Aim: To evaluate the health status of the animals under acute oral toxicity study of NC. Biochemical estimation of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was carried out. Histopathological study was also performed in liver and kidney. Materials and Methods: The present experimental study was conducted in Department of Anatomy, University of Madras, Chennai, India from October 2009 to December 2009. The heavy metals present in NC was analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrophotometry (ICP-OES) using acid digestion method. A single oral dose acute toxicity study of NC was conducted using acute toxic class method as per Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Guidelines for the testing of chemicals. It was done using limit test method. The study was conducted by giving NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight mixed in 10 mL of honey/kg body weight and rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs. Total five animals were tested under this method to determine Lethal Dose 50 (LD50). On day 15, the distribution of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was determined by ICP-OES using acid digestion method and was compared with control. Food and water intake, body weight were recorded before and after drug administration as per the guidelines. Histopathological examination of liver and kidney was performed in the same animals and compared with control. To find the effect of given adjuvant (honey) under acute oral toxicity study, NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of honey/kg body weight was administered to one group of animals and NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of sesame oil/kg body weight was given orally to another group of animals. After administration of test drug, the rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs and on 15th day they were sacrificed to study histological changes in kidney and liver among these two groups. Adjuvant treated control group of animals were administered only with 10 mL of honey at a single dose and observed for 14 days and sacrificed on day 15 to study histology of liver and kidney and compared with control. Results: No mortality was observed at a single dose of 2000 mg/ kg under acute toxicity study. Hence, LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight. ICP-OES analysis showed that the mean concentration of mercury was five times more than that of mean concentration of arsenic in the given sample weight of NC. Under acute toxicity study, after oral administration of NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed more significant accumulation of mercury than arsenic when compared to control groups. A single dose of 2000 mg NC produced hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity. At a single dose of NC at 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL honey showed less histopathological changes when compared with NC mixed with sesame oil. Adjuvant (honey) treated group did not show any histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney when compared with control. Conclusion: Though there was no mortality at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed marked accumulation of mercury that indicates toxicity. It produced signs of histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney. Dose dependent change was observed. Hence, it is recommended to use Chenduram at low doses. |
| abstractGer |
Introduction: Chendurams are more potent and its potency is further increased when combined with herbal juices. Chenduram is known to be effective when it is given at low concentration. Narayana Chenduram (NC) is a metal based siddha formulation that contains heavy metals like mercury, cinnabar, arsenic along with sulphur/sulphides. NC is used to treat Parkinson’s disease along with the polyherbal formulation Athimathura Gritham (AG). Aim: To evaluate the health status of the animals under acute oral toxicity study of NC. Biochemical estimation of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was carried out. Histopathological study was also performed in liver and kidney. Materials and Methods: The present experimental study was conducted in Department of Anatomy, University of Madras, Chennai, India from October 2009 to December 2009. The heavy metals present in NC was analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrophotometry (ICP-OES) using acid digestion method. A single oral dose acute toxicity study of NC was conducted using acute toxic class method as per Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Guidelines for the testing of chemicals. It was done using limit test method. The study was conducted by giving NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight mixed in 10 mL of honey/kg body weight and rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs. Total five animals were tested under this method to determine Lethal Dose 50 (LD50). On day 15, the distribution of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was determined by ICP-OES using acid digestion method and was compared with control. Food and water intake, body weight were recorded before and after drug administration as per the guidelines. Histopathological examination of liver and kidney was performed in the same animals and compared with control. To find the effect of given adjuvant (honey) under acute oral toxicity study, NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of honey/kg body weight was administered to one group of animals and NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of sesame oil/kg body weight was given orally to another group of animals. After administration of test drug, the rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs and on 15th day they were sacrificed to study histological changes in kidney and liver among these two groups. Adjuvant treated control group of animals were administered only with 10 mL of honey at a single dose and observed for 14 days and sacrificed on day 15 to study histology of liver and kidney and compared with control. Results: No mortality was observed at a single dose of 2000 mg/ kg under acute toxicity study. Hence, LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight. ICP-OES analysis showed that the mean concentration of mercury was five times more than that of mean concentration of arsenic in the given sample weight of NC. Under acute toxicity study, after oral administration of NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed more significant accumulation of mercury than arsenic when compared to control groups. A single dose of 2000 mg NC produced hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity. At a single dose of NC at 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL honey showed less histopathological changes when compared with NC mixed with sesame oil. Adjuvant (honey) treated group did not show any histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney when compared with control. Conclusion: Though there was no mortality at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed marked accumulation of mercury that indicates toxicity. It produced signs of histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney. Dose dependent change was observed. Hence, it is recommended to use Chenduram at low doses. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Introduction: Chendurams are more potent and its potency is further increased when combined with herbal juices. Chenduram is known to be effective when it is given at low concentration. Narayana Chenduram (NC) is a metal based siddha formulation that contains heavy metals like mercury, cinnabar, arsenic along with sulphur/sulphides. NC is used to treat Parkinson’s disease along with the polyherbal formulation Athimathura Gritham (AG). Aim: To evaluate the health status of the animals under acute oral toxicity study of NC. Biochemical estimation of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was carried out. Histopathological study was also performed in liver and kidney. Materials and Methods: The present experimental study was conducted in Department of Anatomy, University of Madras, Chennai, India from October 2009 to December 2009. The heavy metals present in NC was analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrophotometry (ICP-OES) using acid digestion method. A single oral dose acute toxicity study of NC was conducted using acute toxic class method as per Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Guidelines for the testing of chemicals. It was done using limit test method. The study was conducted by giving NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight mixed in 10 mL of honey/kg body weight and rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs. Total five animals were tested under this method to determine Lethal Dose 50 (LD50). On day 15, the distribution of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was determined by ICP-OES using acid digestion method and was compared with control. Food and water intake, body weight were recorded before and after drug administration as per the guidelines. Histopathological examination of liver and kidney was performed in the same animals and compared with control. To find the effect of given adjuvant (honey) under acute oral toxicity study, NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of honey/kg body weight was administered to one group of animals and NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of sesame oil/kg body weight was given orally to another group of animals. After administration of test drug, the rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs and on 15th day they were sacrificed to study histological changes in kidney and liver among these two groups. Adjuvant treated control group of animals were administered only with 10 mL of honey at a single dose and observed for 14 days and sacrificed on day 15 to study histology of liver and kidney and compared with control. Results: No mortality was observed at a single dose of 2000 mg/ kg under acute toxicity study. Hence, LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight. ICP-OES analysis showed that the mean concentration of mercury was five times more than that of mean concentration of arsenic in the given sample weight of NC. Under acute toxicity study, after oral administration of NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed more significant accumulation of mercury than arsenic when compared to control groups. A single dose of 2000 mg NC produced hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity. At a single dose of NC at 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL honey showed less histopathological changes when compared with NC mixed with sesame oil. Adjuvant (honey) treated group did not show any histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney when compared with control. Conclusion: Though there was no mortality at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed marked accumulation of mercury that indicates toxicity. It produced signs of histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney. Dose dependent change was observed. Hence, it is recommended to use Chenduram at low doses. |
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Chenduram is known to be effective when it is given at low concentration. Narayana Chenduram (NC) is a metal based siddha formulation that contains heavy metals like mercury, cinnabar, arsenic along with sulphur/sulphides. NC is used to treat Parkinson’s disease along with the polyherbal formulation Athimathura Gritham (AG). Aim: To evaluate the health status of the animals under acute oral toxicity study of NC. Biochemical estimation of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was carried out. Histopathological study was also performed in liver and kidney. Materials and Methods: The present experimental study was conducted in Department of Anatomy, University of Madras, Chennai, India from October 2009 to December 2009. The heavy metals present in NC was analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrophotometry (ICP-OES) using acid digestion method. A single oral dose acute toxicity study of NC was conducted using acute toxic class method as per Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Guidelines for the testing of chemicals. It was done using limit test method. The study was conducted by giving NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight mixed in 10 mL of honey/kg body weight and rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs. Total five animals were tested under this method to determine Lethal Dose 50 (LD50). On day 15, the distribution of heavy metals in liver, kidney, brain and serum was determined by ICP-OES using acid digestion method and was compared with control. Food and water intake, body weight were recorded before and after drug administration as per the guidelines. Histopathological examination of liver and kidney was performed in the same animals and compared with control. To find the effect of given adjuvant (honey) under acute oral toxicity study, NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of honey/kg body weight was administered to one group of animals and NC at a single dose of 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL of sesame oil/kg body weight was given orally to another group of animals. After administration of test drug, the rats were observed for 14 days for toxic signs and on 15th day they were sacrificed to study histological changes in kidney and liver among these two groups. Adjuvant treated control group of animals were administered only with 10 mL of honey at a single dose and observed for 14 days and sacrificed on day 15 to study histology of liver and kidney and compared with control. Results: No mortality was observed at a single dose of 2000 mg/ kg under acute toxicity study. Hence, LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight. ICP-OES analysis showed that the mean concentration of mercury was five times more than that of mean concentration of arsenic in the given sample weight of NC. Under acute toxicity study, after oral administration of NC at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed more significant accumulation of mercury than arsenic when compared to control groups. A single dose of 2000 mg NC produced hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity. At a single dose of NC at 1000 mg mixed with 10 mL honey showed less histopathological changes when compared with NC mixed with sesame oil. Adjuvant (honey) treated group did not show any histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney when compared with control. Conclusion: Though there was no mortality at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, serum showed marked accumulation of mercury that indicates toxicity. It produced signs of histopathological toxicity in liver and kidney. Dose dependent change was observed. 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|
| score |
7.401513 |