Effective atomic numbers, electron densities, and tissue equivalence of some gases and mixtures for dosimetry of radiation detectors

Total mass attenuation coefficients, µm, effective atomic number, Zeff, and effective electron density, Neff, of different gases - carbon dioxide, methane, acetylene, propane, butane, and pentane used in radiation detectors, have been calculated for the photon energy of 1 keV to 100 GeV. Each gas...
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Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Singh Vishwanath P. [verfasserIn] Badiger Nagappa M. [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2012

Schlagwörter:	effective atomic number gamma detector tissue equivalent reactor hydrocarbons inert gases

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection - VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, 2010, 27(2012), 2, Seite 117-124
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:27 ; year:2012 ; number:2 ; pages:117-124

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.2298/NTRP1202117S

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ013122894

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spelling	10.2298/NTRP1202117S doi (DE-627)DOAJ013122894 (DE-599)DOAJ073a5e4aa2cd4f7aa1db1a730225fe90 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC770-798 Singh Vishwanath P. verfasserin aut Effective atomic numbers, electron densities, and tissue equivalence of some gases and mixtures for dosimetry of radiation detectors 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Total mass attenuation coefficients, µm, effective atomic number, Zeff, and effective electron density, Neff, of different gases - carbon dioxide, methane, acetylene, propane, butane, and pentane used in radiation detectors, have been calculated for the photon energy of 1 keV to 100 GeV. Each gas has constant Zeff values between 0.10 to 10 MeV photon energies; however, these values are way far away from ICRU tissue. Carbon dioxide gas shows the closest tissue equivalence in the entire photon energy spectrum. Relative tissue equivalences of the mixtures of gases with respect to ICRU tissue are in the range of 0.998-1.041 for air, argon (4.5%) + methane (95.5%), argon (0.5%) + carbon dioxide (99.5%), and nitrogen (5%) + methane (7%) + carbon dioxide (88%). The gas composition of xenon (0.5%) + carbon dioxide (99.5%) shows 1.605 times higher tissue equivalence compared to the ICRU tissue. The investigated photon interaction parameters are useful for exposure and energy absorption buildup factors calculation and design, and fabrication of gaseous detectors for ambient radiation measurement by the Geiger-Muller detector, ionization chambers and proportional counters. effective atomic number gamma detector tissue equivalent reactor hydrocarbons inert gases Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity Badiger Nagappa M. verfasserin aut In Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, 2010 27(2012), 2, Seite 117-124 (DE-627)509401074 (DE-600)2227182-X 14528185 nnns volume:27 year:2012 number:2 pages:117-124 https://doi.org/10.2298/NTRP1202117S kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/073a5e4aa2cd4f7aa1db1a730225fe90 kostenfrei http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1451-3994/2012/1451-39941202117S.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1451-3994 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_647 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 27 2012 2 117-124
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allfieldsGer	10.2298/NTRP1202117S doi (DE-627)DOAJ013122894 (DE-599)DOAJ073a5e4aa2cd4f7aa1db1a730225fe90 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC770-798 Singh Vishwanath P. verfasserin aut Effective atomic numbers, electron densities, and tissue equivalence of some gases and mixtures for dosimetry of radiation detectors 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Total mass attenuation coefficients, µm, effective atomic number, Zeff, and effective electron density, Neff, of different gases - carbon dioxide, methane, acetylene, propane, butane, and pentane used in radiation detectors, have been calculated for the photon energy of 1 keV to 100 GeV. Each gas has constant Zeff values between 0.10 to 10 MeV photon energies; however, these values are way far away from ICRU tissue. Carbon dioxide gas shows the closest tissue equivalence in the entire photon energy spectrum. Relative tissue equivalences of the mixtures of gases with respect to ICRU tissue are in the range of 0.998-1.041 for air, argon (4.5%) + methane (95.5%), argon (0.5%) + carbon dioxide (99.5%), and nitrogen (5%) + methane (7%) + carbon dioxide (88%). The gas composition of xenon (0.5%) + carbon dioxide (99.5%) shows 1.605 times higher tissue equivalence compared to the ICRU tissue. The investigated photon interaction parameters are useful for exposure and energy absorption buildup factors calculation and design, and fabrication of gaseous detectors for ambient radiation measurement by the Geiger-Muller detector, ionization chambers and proportional counters. effective atomic number gamma detector tissue equivalent reactor hydrocarbons inert gases Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity Badiger Nagappa M. verfasserin aut In Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, 2010 27(2012), 2, Seite 117-124 (DE-627)509401074 (DE-600)2227182-X 14528185 nnns volume:27 year:2012 number:2 pages:117-124 https://doi.org/10.2298/NTRP1202117S kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/073a5e4aa2cd4f7aa1db1a730225fe90 kostenfrei http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1451-3994/2012/1451-39941202117S.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1451-3994 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_647 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 27 2012 2 117-124
allfieldsSound	10.2298/NTRP1202117S doi (DE-627)DOAJ013122894 (DE-599)DOAJ073a5e4aa2cd4f7aa1db1a730225fe90 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC770-798 Singh Vishwanath P. verfasserin aut Effective atomic numbers, electron densities, and tissue equivalence of some gases and mixtures for dosimetry of radiation detectors 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Total mass attenuation coefficients, µm, effective atomic number, Zeff, and effective electron density, Neff, of different gases - carbon dioxide, methane, acetylene, propane, butane, and pentane used in radiation detectors, have been calculated for the photon energy of 1 keV to 100 GeV. Each gas has constant Zeff values between 0.10 to 10 MeV photon energies; however, these values are way far away from ICRU tissue. Carbon dioxide gas shows the closest tissue equivalence in the entire photon energy spectrum. Relative tissue equivalences of the mixtures of gases with respect to ICRU tissue are in the range of 0.998-1.041 for air, argon (4.5%) + methane (95.5%), argon (0.5%) + carbon dioxide (99.5%), and nitrogen (5%) + methane (7%) + carbon dioxide (88%). The gas composition of xenon (0.5%) + carbon dioxide (99.5%) shows 1.605 times higher tissue equivalence compared to the ICRU tissue. The investigated photon interaction parameters are useful for exposure and energy absorption buildup factors calculation and design, and fabrication of gaseous detectors for ambient radiation measurement by the Geiger-Muller detector, ionization chambers and proportional counters. effective atomic number gamma detector tissue equivalent reactor hydrocarbons inert gases Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity Badiger Nagappa M. verfasserin aut In Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, 2010 27(2012), 2, Seite 117-124 (DE-627)509401074 (DE-600)2227182-X 14528185 nnns volume:27 year:2012 number:2 pages:117-124 https://doi.org/10.2298/NTRP1202117S kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/073a5e4aa2cd4f7aa1db1a730225fe90 kostenfrei http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1451-3994/2012/1451-39941202117S.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1451-3994 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_647 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 27 2012 2 117-124
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source	In Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 27(2012), 2, Seite 117-124 volume:27 year:2012 number:2 pages:117-124
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callnumber-first	Q - Science
author	Singh Vishwanath P.
spellingShingle	Singh Vishwanath P. misc QC770-798 misc effective atomic number misc gamma detector misc tissue equivalent misc reactor misc hydrocarbons misc inert gases misc Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity Effective atomic numbers, electron densities, and tissue equivalence of some gases and mixtures for dosimetry of radiation detectors
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topic_title	QC770-798 Effective atomic numbers, electron densities, and tissue equivalence of some gases and mixtures for dosimetry of radiation detectors effective atomic number gamma detector tissue equivalent reactor hydrocarbons inert gases
topic	misc QC770-798 misc effective atomic number misc gamma detector misc tissue equivalent misc reactor misc hydrocarbons misc inert gases misc Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity
topic_unstemmed	misc QC770-798 misc effective atomic number misc gamma detector misc tissue equivalent misc reactor misc hydrocarbons misc inert gases misc Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity
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title	Effective atomic numbers, electron densities, and tissue equivalence of some gases and mixtures for dosimetry of radiation detectors
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title_full	Effective atomic numbers, electron densities, and tissue equivalence of some gases and mixtures for dosimetry of radiation detectors
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title_sort	effective atomic numbers, electron densities, and tissue equivalence of some gases and mixtures for dosimetry of radiation detectors
callnumber	QC770-798
title_auth	Effective atomic numbers, electron densities, and tissue equivalence of some gases and mixtures for dosimetry of radiation detectors
abstract	Total mass attenuation coefficients, µm, effective atomic number, Zeff, and effective electron density, Neff, of different gases - carbon dioxide, methane, acetylene, propane, butane, and pentane used in radiation detectors, have been calculated for the photon energy of 1 keV to 100 GeV. Each gas has constant Zeff values between 0.10 to 10 MeV photon energies; however, these values are way far away from ICRU tissue. Carbon dioxide gas shows the closest tissue equivalence in the entire photon energy spectrum. Relative tissue equivalences of the mixtures of gases with respect to ICRU tissue are in the range of 0.998-1.041 for air, argon (4.5%) + methane (95.5%), argon (0.5%) + carbon dioxide (99.5%), and nitrogen (5%) + methane (7%) + carbon dioxide (88%). The gas composition of xenon (0.5%) + carbon dioxide (99.5%) shows 1.605 times higher tissue equivalence compared to the ICRU tissue. The investigated photon interaction parameters are useful for exposure and energy absorption buildup factors calculation and design, and fabrication of gaseous detectors for ambient radiation measurement by the Geiger-Muller detector, ionization chambers and proportional counters.
abstractGer	Total mass attenuation coefficients, µm, effective atomic number, Zeff, and effective electron density, Neff, of different gases - carbon dioxide, methane, acetylene, propane, butane, and pentane used in radiation detectors, have been calculated for the photon energy of 1 keV to 100 GeV. Each gas has constant Zeff values between 0.10 to 10 MeV photon energies; however, these values are way far away from ICRU tissue. Carbon dioxide gas shows the closest tissue equivalence in the entire photon energy spectrum. Relative tissue equivalences of the mixtures of gases with respect to ICRU tissue are in the range of 0.998-1.041 for air, argon (4.5%) + methane (95.5%), argon (0.5%) + carbon dioxide (99.5%), and nitrogen (5%) + methane (7%) + carbon dioxide (88%). The gas composition of xenon (0.5%) + carbon dioxide (99.5%) shows 1.605 times higher tissue equivalence compared to the ICRU tissue. The investigated photon interaction parameters are useful for exposure and energy absorption buildup factors calculation and design, and fabrication of gaseous detectors for ambient radiation measurement by the Geiger-Muller detector, ionization chambers and proportional counters.
abstract_unstemmed	Total mass attenuation coefficients, µm, effective atomic number, Zeff, and effective electron density, Neff, of different gases - carbon dioxide, methane, acetylene, propane, butane, and pentane used in radiation detectors, have been calculated for the photon energy of 1 keV to 100 GeV. Each gas has constant Zeff values between 0.10 to 10 MeV photon energies; however, these values are way far away from ICRU tissue. Carbon dioxide gas shows the closest tissue equivalence in the entire photon energy spectrum. Relative tissue equivalences of the mixtures of gases with respect to ICRU tissue are in the range of 0.998-1.041 for air, argon (4.5%) + methane (95.5%), argon (0.5%) + carbon dioxide (99.5%), and nitrogen (5%) + methane (7%) + carbon dioxide (88%). The gas composition of xenon (0.5%) + carbon dioxide (99.5%) shows 1.605 times higher tissue equivalence compared to the ICRU tissue. The investigated photon interaction parameters are useful for exposure and energy absorption buildup factors calculation and design, and fabrication of gaseous detectors for ambient radiation measurement by the Geiger-Muller detector, ionization chambers and proportional counters.
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title_short	Effective atomic numbers, electron densities, and tissue equivalence of some gases and mixtures for dosimetry of radiation detectors
url	https://doi.org/10.2298/NTRP1202117S https://doaj.org/article/073a5e4aa2cd4f7aa1db1a730225fe90 http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1451-3994/2012/1451-39941202117S.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1451-3994
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Effective atomic numbers, electron densities, and tissue equivalence of some gases and mixtures for dosimetry of radiation detectors

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