Spirometric evaluation of ventilatory function in adult male cigarette smokers in Sokoto metropolis
Background: Cigarette smoking is a widespread social habit in Nigeria with extensive deleterious multisystemic effect. Ventilatory dysfunction is one of the cigarette smoking-related illnesses that affect the respiratory system. Spirometry is an investigative method that can be used for the early de...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Muhammad D Isah [verfasserIn] Muhammad A Makusidi [verfasserIn] Aminu Abbas [verfasserIn] Juliana U Okpapi [verfasserIn] Chibueze H Njoku [verfasserIn] Abdullahi A Abba [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2017 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal - Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2022, 24(2017), 1, Seite 7 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:24 ; year:2017 ; number:1 ; pages:7 |
| Links: |
Link aufrufen |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.4103/npmj.npmj_151_16 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
DOAJ015266028 |
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| 520 | |a Background: Cigarette smoking is a widespread social habit in Nigeria with extensive deleterious multisystemic effect. Ventilatory dysfunction is one of the cigarette smoking-related illnesses that affect the respiratory system. Spirometry is an investigative method that can be used for the early detection of ventilatory dysfunction even before the onset of the symptoms. Subjects and Methods: A questionnaire adapted from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey was administered to collect demographic, clinical, and cigarette smoking data. Ventilatory function test was conducted using Clement Clarke (One Flow) Spirometer, version 1.3. The highest value of each ventilatory function index was chosen for analysis, and individual(s) with ventilatory dysfunction were subjected to post bronchodilator spirometry. Results: For the purpose of this research, 150 participants who were currently cigarette smokers were enrolled, and 50 apparently healthy, age-matched individuals who were never smokers served as controls in the ratio of 3:1. Eighty percent of participants and 68% of controls were aged 40 years or below. The mean age of participants (34.27 ± 8.91 years) and the controls (35.08 ± 10.35 years) was not significantly different (P = 0.592). Similarly, there were no statistically significant differences between the mean anthropometric indices (weight: P = 0.663, height: P = 0.084, and body mass index: P = 0.099) of both participants and controls. The mean values of FEV1 (forced expiratory flow in one second) and FEV1/FVC (FVC=forced vital capacity) were lower in the participants compared to the controls, and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). There was a weak negative correlation between pack-years of cigarette smoking and FEV1 (r = −0.237 and P = 0.004). Obstructive ventilatory defect was found among six study participants (4%) and two controls (4%). Conclusion: Cigarette smoking is associated with decline in ventilatory function test indices (FEV1 and FEV1/FVC) in adult males. Decline in FEV1 is directly related to pack-years of cigarette smoking. | ||
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10.4103/npmj.npmj_151_16 doi (DE-627)DOAJ015266028 (DE-599)DOAJa416c221b9f44fcba0d0705f1ea6361f DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Muhammad D Isah verfasserin aut Spirometric evaluation of ventilatory function in adult male cigarette smokers in Sokoto metropolis 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Cigarette smoking is a widespread social habit in Nigeria with extensive deleterious multisystemic effect. Ventilatory dysfunction is one of the cigarette smoking-related illnesses that affect the respiratory system. Spirometry is an investigative method that can be used for the early detection of ventilatory dysfunction even before the onset of the symptoms. Subjects and Methods: A questionnaire adapted from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey was administered to collect demographic, clinical, and cigarette smoking data. Ventilatory function test was conducted using Clement Clarke (One Flow) Spirometer, version 1.3. The highest value of each ventilatory function index was chosen for analysis, and individual(s) with ventilatory dysfunction were subjected to post bronchodilator spirometry. Results: For the purpose of this research, 150 participants who were currently cigarette smokers were enrolled, and 50 apparently healthy, age-matched individuals who were never smokers served as controls in the ratio of 3:1. Eighty percent of participants and 68% of controls were aged 40 years or below. The mean age of participants (34.27 ± 8.91 years) and the controls (35.08 ± 10.35 years) was not significantly different (P = 0.592). Similarly, there were no statistically significant differences between the mean anthropometric indices (weight: P = 0.663, height: P = 0.084, and body mass index: P = 0.099) of both participants and controls. The mean values of FEV1 (forced expiratory flow in one second) and FEV1/FVC (FVC=forced vital capacity) were lower in the participants compared to the controls, and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). There was a weak negative correlation between pack-years of cigarette smoking and FEV1 (r = −0.237 and P = 0.004). Obstructive ventilatory defect was found among six study participants (4%) and two controls (4%). Conclusion: Cigarette smoking is associated with decline in ventilatory function test indices (FEV1 and FEV1/FVC) in adult males. Decline in FEV1 is directly related to pack-years of cigarette smoking. northwest nigeria spirometry tobacco smoking Medicine R Muhammad A Makusidi verfasserin aut Aminu Abbas verfasserin aut Juliana U Okpapi verfasserin aut Chibueze H Njoku verfasserin aut Abdullahi A Abba verfasserin aut In Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2022 24(2017), 1, Seite 7 (DE-627)DOAJ078594359 24686875 nnns volume:24 year:2017 number:1 pages:7 https://doi.org/10.4103/npmj.npmj_151_16 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a416c221b9f44fcba0d0705f1ea6361f kostenfrei http://www.npmj.org/article.asp?issn=1117-1936;year=2017;volume=24;issue=1;spage=1;epage=7;aulast=Isah kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1117-1936 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2468-6875 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 24 2017 1 7 |
| spelling |
10.4103/npmj.npmj_151_16 doi (DE-627)DOAJ015266028 (DE-599)DOAJa416c221b9f44fcba0d0705f1ea6361f DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Muhammad D Isah verfasserin aut Spirometric evaluation of ventilatory function in adult male cigarette smokers in Sokoto metropolis 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Cigarette smoking is a widespread social habit in Nigeria with extensive deleterious multisystemic effect. Ventilatory dysfunction is one of the cigarette smoking-related illnesses that affect the respiratory system. Spirometry is an investigative method that can be used for the early detection of ventilatory dysfunction even before the onset of the symptoms. Subjects and Methods: A questionnaire adapted from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey was administered to collect demographic, clinical, and cigarette smoking data. Ventilatory function test was conducted using Clement Clarke (One Flow) Spirometer, version 1.3. The highest value of each ventilatory function index was chosen for analysis, and individual(s) with ventilatory dysfunction were subjected to post bronchodilator spirometry. Results: For the purpose of this research, 150 participants who were currently cigarette smokers were enrolled, and 50 apparently healthy, age-matched individuals who were never smokers served as controls in the ratio of 3:1. Eighty percent of participants and 68% of controls were aged 40 years or below. The mean age of participants (34.27 ± 8.91 years) and the controls (35.08 ± 10.35 years) was not significantly different (P = 0.592). Similarly, there were no statistically significant differences between the mean anthropometric indices (weight: P = 0.663, height: P = 0.084, and body mass index: P = 0.099) of both participants and controls. The mean values of FEV1 (forced expiratory flow in one second) and FEV1/FVC (FVC=forced vital capacity) were lower in the participants compared to the controls, and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). There was a weak negative correlation between pack-years of cigarette smoking and FEV1 (r = −0.237 and P = 0.004). Obstructive ventilatory defect was found among six study participants (4%) and two controls (4%). Conclusion: Cigarette smoking is associated with decline in ventilatory function test indices (FEV1 and FEV1/FVC) in adult males. Decline in FEV1 is directly related to pack-years of cigarette smoking. northwest nigeria spirometry tobacco smoking Medicine R Muhammad A Makusidi verfasserin aut Aminu Abbas verfasserin aut Juliana U Okpapi verfasserin aut Chibueze H Njoku verfasserin aut Abdullahi A Abba verfasserin aut In Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2022 24(2017), 1, Seite 7 (DE-627)DOAJ078594359 24686875 nnns volume:24 year:2017 number:1 pages:7 https://doi.org/10.4103/npmj.npmj_151_16 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a416c221b9f44fcba0d0705f1ea6361f kostenfrei http://www.npmj.org/article.asp?issn=1117-1936;year=2017;volume=24;issue=1;spage=1;epage=7;aulast=Isah kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1117-1936 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2468-6875 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 24 2017 1 7 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.4103/npmj.npmj_151_16 doi (DE-627)DOAJ015266028 (DE-599)DOAJa416c221b9f44fcba0d0705f1ea6361f DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Muhammad D Isah verfasserin aut Spirometric evaluation of ventilatory function in adult male cigarette smokers in Sokoto metropolis 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Cigarette smoking is a widespread social habit in Nigeria with extensive deleterious multisystemic effect. Ventilatory dysfunction is one of the cigarette smoking-related illnesses that affect the respiratory system. Spirometry is an investigative method that can be used for the early detection of ventilatory dysfunction even before the onset of the symptoms. Subjects and Methods: A questionnaire adapted from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey was administered to collect demographic, clinical, and cigarette smoking data. Ventilatory function test was conducted using Clement Clarke (One Flow) Spirometer, version 1.3. The highest value of each ventilatory function index was chosen for analysis, and individual(s) with ventilatory dysfunction were subjected to post bronchodilator spirometry. Results: For the purpose of this research, 150 participants who were currently cigarette smokers were enrolled, and 50 apparently healthy, age-matched individuals who were never smokers served as controls in the ratio of 3:1. Eighty percent of participants and 68% of controls were aged 40 years or below. The mean age of participants (34.27 ± 8.91 years) and the controls (35.08 ± 10.35 years) was not significantly different (P = 0.592). Similarly, there were no statistically significant differences between the mean anthropometric indices (weight: P = 0.663, height: P = 0.084, and body mass index: P = 0.099) of both participants and controls. The mean values of FEV1 (forced expiratory flow in one second) and FEV1/FVC (FVC=forced vital capacity) were lower in the participants compared to the controls, and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). There was a weak negative correlation between pack-years of cigarette smoking and FEV1 (r = −0.237 and P = 0.004). Obstructive ventilatory defect was found among six study participants (4%) and two controls (4%). Conclusion: Cigarette smoking is associated with decline in ventilatory function test indices (FEV1 and FEV1/FVC) in adult males. Decline in FEV1 is directly related to pack-years of cigarette smoking. northwest nigeria spirometry tobacco smoking Medicine R Muhammad A Makusidi verfasserin aut Aminu Abbas verfasserin aut Juliana U Okpapi verfasserin aut Chibueze H Njoku verfasserin aut Abdullahi A Abba verfasserin aut In Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2022 24(2017), 1, Seite 7 (DE-627)DOAJ078594359 24686875 nnns volume:24 year:2017 number:1 pages:7 https://doi.org/10.4103/npmj.npmj_151_16 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a416c221b9f44fcba0d0705f1ea6361f kostenfrei http://www.npmj.org/article.asp?issn=1117-1936;year=2017;volume=24;issue=1;spage=1;epage=7;aulast=Isah kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1117-1936 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2468-6875 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 24 2017 1 7 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.4103/npmj.npmj_151_16 doi (DE-627)DOAJ015266028 (DE-599)DOAJa416c221b9f44fcba0d0705f1ea6361f DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Muhammad D Isah verfasserin aut Spirometric evaluation of ventilatory function in adult male cigarette smokers in Sokoto metropolis 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Cigarette smoking is a widespread social habit in Nigeria with extensive deleterious multisystemic effect. Ventilatory dysfunction is one of the cigarette smoking-related illnesses that affect the respiratory system. Spirometry is an investigative method that can be used for the early detection of ventilatory dysfunction even before the onset of the symptoms. Subjects and Methods: A questionnaire adapted from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey was administered to collect demographic, clinical, and cigarette smoking data. Ventilatory function test was conducted using Clement Clarke (One Flow) Spirometer, version 1.3. The highest value of each ventilatory function index was chosen for analysis, and individual(s) with ventilatory dysfunction were subjected to post bronchodilator spirometry. Results: For the purpose of this research, 150 participants who were currently cigarette smokers were enrolled, and 50 apparently healthy, age-matched individuals who were never smokers served as controls in the ratio of 3:1. Eighty percent of participants and 68% of controls were aged 40 years or below. The mean age of participants (34.27 ± 8.91 years) and the controls (35.08 ± 10.35 years) was not significantly different (P = 0.592). Similarly, there were no statistically significant differences between the mean anthropometric indices (weight: P = 0.663, height: P = 0.084, and body mass index: P = 0.099) of both participants and controls. The mean values of FEV1 (forced expiratory flow in one second) and FEV1/FVC (FVC=forced vital capacity) were lower in the participants compared to the controls, and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). There was a weak negative correlation between pack-years of cigarette smoking and FEV1 (r = −0.237 and P = 0.004). Obstructive ventilatory defect was found among six study participants (4%) and two controls (4%). Conclusion: Cigarette smoking is associated with decline in ventilatory function test indices (FEV1 and FEV1/FVC) in adult males. Decline in FEV1 is directly related to pack-years of cigarette smoking. northwest nigeria spirometry tobacco smoking Medicine R Muhammad A Makusidi verfasserin aut Aminu Abbas verfasserin aut Juliana U Okpapi verfasserin aut Chibueze H Njoku verfasserin aut Abdullahi A Abba verfasserin aut In Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2022 24(2017), 1, Seite 7 (DE-627)DOAJ078594359 24686875 nnns volume:24 year:2017 number:1 pages:7 https://doi.org/10.4103/npmj.npmj_151_16 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a416c221b9f44fcba0d0705f1ea6361f kostenfrei http://www.npmj.org/article.asp?issn=1117-1936;year=2017;volume=24;issue=1;spage=1;epage=7;aulast=Isah kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1117-1936 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2468-6875 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 24 2017 1 7 |
| allfieldsSound |
10.4103/npmj.npmj_151_16 doi (DE-627)DOAJ015266028 (DE-599)DOAJa416c221b9f44fcba0d0705f1ea6361f DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Muhammad D Isah verfasserin aut Spirometric evaluation of ventilatory function in adult male cigarette smokers in Sokoto metropolis 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Cigarette smoking is a widespread social habit in Nigeria with extensive deleterious multisystemic effect. Ventilatory dysfunction is one of the cigarette smoking-related illnesses that affect the respiratory system. Spirometry is an investigative method that can be used for the early detection of ventilatory dysfunction even before the onset of the symptoms. Subjects and Methods: A questionnaire adapted from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey was administered to collect demographic, clinical, and cigarette smoking data. Ventilatory function test was conducted using Clement Clarke (One Flow) Spirometer, version 1.3. The highest value of each ventilatory function index was chosen for analysis, and individual(s) with ventilatory dysfunction were subjected to post bronchodilator spirometry. Results: For the purpose of this research, 150 participants who were currently cigarette smokers were enrolled, and 50 apparently healthy, age-matched individuals who were never smokers served as controls in the ratio of 3:1. Eighty percent of participants and 68% of controls were aged 40 years or below. The mean age of participants (34.27 ± 8.91 years) and the controls (35.08 ± 10.35 years) was not significantly different (P = 0.592). Similarly, there were no statistically significant differences between the mean anthropometric indices (weight: P = 0.663, height: P = 0.084, and body mass index: P = 0.099) of both participants and controls. The mean values of FEV1 (forced expiratory flow in one second) and FEV1/FVC (FVC=forced vital capacity) were lower in the participants compared to the controls, and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). There was a weak negative correlation between pack-years of cigarette smoking and FEV1 (r = −0.237 and P = 0.004). Obstructive ventilatory defect was found among six study participants (4%) and two controls (4%). Conclusion: Cigarette smoking is associated with decline in ventilatory function test indices (FEV1 and FEV1/FVC) in adult males. Decline in FEV1 is directly related to pack-years of cigarette smoking. northwest nigeria spirometry tobacco smoking Medicine R Muhammad A Makusidi verfasserin aut Aminu Abbas verfasserin aut Juliana U Okpapi verfasserin aut Chibueze H Njoku verfasserin aut Abdullahi A Abba verfasserin aut In Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2022 24(2017), 1, Seite 7 (DE-627)DOAJ078594359 24686875 nnns volume:24 year:2017 number:1 pages:7 https://doi.org/10.4103/npmj.npmj_151_16 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a416c221b9f44fcba0d0705f1ea6361f kostenfrei http://www.npmj.org/article.asp?issn=1117-1936;year=2017;volume=24;issue=1;spage=1;epage=7;aulast=Isah kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1117-1936 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2468-6875 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 24 2017 1 7 |
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Ventilatory dysfunction is one of the cigarette smoking-related illnesses that affect the respiratory system. Spirometry is an investigative method that can be used for the early detection of ventilatory dysfunction even before the onset of the symptoms. Subjects and Methods: A questionnaire adapted from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey was administered to collect demographic, clinical, and cigarette smoking data. Ventilatory function test was conducted using Clement Clarke (One Flow) Spirometer, version 1.3. The highest value of each ventilatory function index was chosen for analysis, and individual(s) with ventilatory dysfunction were subjected to post bronchodilator spirometry. Results: For the purpose of this research, 150 participants who were currently cigarette smokers were enrolled, and 50 apparently healthy, age-matched individuals who were never smokers served as controls in the ratio of 3:1. Eighty percent of participants and 68% of controls were aged 40 years or below. The mean age of participants (34.27 ± 8.91 years) and the controls (35.08 ± 10.35 years) was not significantly different (P = 0.592). Similarly, there were no statistically significant differences between the mean anthropometric indices (weight: P = 0.663, height: P = 0.084, and body mass index: P = 0.099) of both participants and controls. The mean values of FEV1 (forced expiratory flow in one second) and FEV1/FVC (FVC=forced vital capacity) were lower in the participants compared to the controls, and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). There was a weak negative correlation between pack-years of cigarette smoking and FEV1 (r = −0.237 and P = 0.004). Obstructive ventilatory defect was found among six study participants (4%) and two controls (4%). Conclusion: Cigarette smoking is associated with decline in ventilatory function test indices (FEV1 and FEV1/FVC) in adult males. 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spirometric evaluation of ventilatory function in adult male cigarette smokers in sokoto metropolis |
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Spirometric evaluation of ventilatory function in adult male cigarette smokers in Sokoto metropolis |
| abstract |
Background: Cigarette smoking is a widespread social habit in Nigeria with extensive deleterious multisystemic effect. Ventilatory dysfunction is one of the cigarette smoking-related illnesses that affect the respiratory system. Spirometry is an investigative method that can be used for the early detection of ventilatory dysfunction even before the onset of the symptoms. Subjects and Methods: A questionnaire adapted from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey was administered to collect demographic, clinical, and cigarette smoking data. Ventilatory function test was conducted using Clement Clarke (One Flow) Spirometer, version 1.3. The highest value of each ventilatory function index was chosen for analysis, and individual(s) with ventilatory dysfunction were subjected to post bronchodilator spirometry. Results: For the purpose of this research, 150 participants who were currently cigarette smokers were enrolled, and 50 apparently healthy, age-matched individuals who were never smokers served as controls in the ratio of 3:1. Eighty percent of participants and 68% of controls were aged 40 years or below. The mean age of participants (34.27 ± 8.91 years) and the controls (35.08 ± 10.35 years) was not significantly different (P = 0.592). Similarly, there were no statistically significant differences between the mean anthropometric indices (weight: P = 0.663, height: P = 0.084, and body mass index: P = 0.099) of both participants and controls. The mean values of FEV1 (forced expiratory flow in one second) and FEV1/FVC (FVC=forced vital capacity) were lower in the participants compared to the controls, and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). There was a weak negative correlation between pack-years of cigarette smoking and FEV1 (r = −0.237 and P = 0.004). Obstructive ventilatory defect was found among six study participants (4%) and two controls (4%). Conclusion: Cigarette smoking is associated with decline in ventilatory function test indices (FEV1 and FEV1/FVC) in adult males. Decline in FEV1 is directly related to pack-years of cigarette smoking. |
| abstractGer |
Background: Cigarette smoking is a widespread social habit in Nigeria with extensive deleterious multisystemic effect. Ventilatory dysfunction is one of the cigarette smoking-related illnesses that affect the respiratory system. Spirometry is an investigative method that can be used for the early detection of ventilatory dysfunction even before the onset of the symptoms. Subjects and Methods: A questionnaire adapted from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey was administered to collect demographic, clinical, and cigarette smoking data. Ventilatory function test was conducted using Clement Clarke (One Flow) Spirometer, version 1.3. The highest value of each ventilatory function index was chosen for analysis, and individual(s) with ventilatory dysfunction were subjected to post bronchodilator spirometry. Results: For the purpose of this research, 150 participants who were currently cigarette smokers were enrolled, and 50 apparently healthy, age-matched individuals who were never smokers served as controls in the ratio of 3:1. Eighty percent of participants and 68% of controls were aged 40 years or below. The mean age of participants (34.27 ± 8.91 years) and the controls (35.08 ± 10.35 years) was not significantly different (P = 0.592). Similarly, there were no statistically significant differences between the mean anthropometric indices (weight: P = 0.663, height: P = 0.084, and body mass index: P = 0.099) of both participants and controls. The mean values of FEV1 (forced expiratory flow in one second) and FEV1/FVC (FVC=forced vital capacity) were lower in the participants compared to the controls, and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). There was a weak negative correlation between pack-years of cigarette smoking and FEV1 (r = −0.237 and P = 0.004). Obstructive ventilatory defect was found among six study participants (4%) and two controls (4%). Conclusion: Cigarette smoking is associated with decline in ventilatory function test indices (FEV1 and FEV1/FVC) in adult males. Decline in FEV1 is directly related to pack-years of cigarette smoking. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Background: Cigarette smoking is a widespread social habit in Nigeria with extensive deleterious multisystemic effect. Ventilatory dysfunction is one of the cigarette smoking-related illnesses that affect the respiratory system. Spirometry is an investigative method that can be used for the early detection of ventilatory dysfunction even before the onset of the symptoms. Subjects and Methods: A questionnaire adapted from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey was administered to collect demographic, clinical, and cigarette smoking data. Ventilatory function test was conducted using Clement Clarke (One Flow) Spirometer, version 1.3. The highest value of each ventilatory function index was chosen for analysis, and individual(s) with ventilatory dysfunction were subjected to post bronchodilator spirometry. Results: For the purpose of this research, 150 participants who were currently cigarette smokers were enrolled, and 50 apparently healthy, age-matched individuals who were never smokers served as controls in the ratio of 3:1. Eighty percent of participants and 68% of controls were aged 40 years or below. The mean age of participants (34.27 ± 8.91 years) and the controls (35.08 ± 10.35 years) was not significantly different (P = 0.592). Similarly, there were no statistically significant differences between the mean anthropometric indices (weight: P = 0.663, height: P = 0.084, and body mass index: P = 0.099) of both participants and controls. The mean values of FEV1 (forced expiratory flow in one second) and FEV1/FVC (FVC=forced vital capacity) were lower in the participants compared to the controls, and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). There was a weak negative correlation between pack-years of cigarette smoking and FEV1 (r = −0.237 and P = 0.004). Obstructive ventilatory defect was found among six study participants (4%) and two controls (4%). Conclusion: Cigarette smoking is associated with decline in ventilatory function test indices (FEV1 and FEV1/FVC) in adult males. Decline in FEV1 is directly related to pack-years of cigarette smoking. |
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