Antifungal and Anti-Virulent Activity of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. Essential Oil on <i<Candida albicans</i< and In Vivo Toxicity in the <i<Galleria mellonella</i< Larval Model

The aim of this study was to investigate and compare in detail both the antifungal activity in vitro (with planktonic and biofilm-forming cells) and the essential oil composition (EOs) of naturally growing (OMN) and cultivated (OMC) samples of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. (marjoram). The essential oil composition was analyzed using GC-MS. The major constituent of both EOs was carvacrol: 75.3% and 84%, respectively. Both essential oils showed high antifungal activity against clinically relevant <i<Candida</i< spp. with IC<sub<50</sub< and IC<sub<90</sub< less than or equal to 0.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< and inhibition of biofilm with a concentration of 3.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< or less. Cultivated marjoram oil showed higher anti-biofilm activity against <i<C. albicans</i<. In addition, OMC showed greater inhibition of germ-tube formation (inhibition by 83% in Spider media), the major virulence factor of <i<C. albicans</i< at a concentration of 0.125 µg mL<sup<−1</sup<. Both EOs modulated cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH), but OMN proved to be more active with a CSH% up to 58.41%. The efficacy of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs was also investigated using <i<Galleria mellonella</i< larvae as a model. It was observed that while the larvae of the control group infected with <i<C. albicans</i< (6.0 × 10<sup<8</sup< cells) and not receiving treatment died in the controls carried out after 24 h, all larvae in the infected treatment group survived at the end of the 96th hour. When the treatment group and the infected group were evaluated in terms of vital activities, it was found that the difference was statistically significant (<i<p</i< < 0.001). The infection of larvae with <i<C. albicans</i< and the effects of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs on the hemocytes of the model organism and the blastospores of <i<C. albicans</i< were evaluated by light microscopy on slides stained with Giemsa. Cytological examination in the treatment group revealed that <i<C. albicans</i< blastospores were phagocytosed and morphological changes occurred in hemocytes. Our results indicated that the essential oil of both samples showed strong antifungal activities against planktonic and biofilm-forming <i<C. albicans</i< cells and also had an influence on putative virulence factors (germ-tube formation and its length and on CSH). Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Banu Kaskatepe [verfasserIn] Sinem Aslan Erdem [verfasserIn] Sukran Ozturk [verfasserIn] Zehra Safi Oz [verfasserIn] Eldan Subasi [verfasserIn] Mehmet Koyuncu [verfasserIn] Josipa Vlainić [verfasserIn] Ivan Kosalec [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2022

Schlagwörter:	virulence factors CSH biofilm germ-tube marjoram carvacrol

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Molecules - MDPI AG, 2003, 27(2022), 3, p 663
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:27 ; year:2022 ; number:3, p 663

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/molecules27030663

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ016649133

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245	1	0	\|a Antifungal and Anti-Virulent Activity of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. Essential Oil on <i<Candida albicans</i< and In Vivo Toxicity in the <i<Galleria mellonella</i< Larval Model
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520			\|a The aim of this study was to investigate and compare in detail both the antifungal activity in vitro (with planktonic and biofilm-forming cells) and the essential oil composition (EOs) of naturally growing (OMN) and cultivated (OMC) samples of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. (marjoram). The essential oil composition was analyzed using GC-MS. The major constituent of both EOs was carvacrol: 75.3% and 84%, respectively. Both essential oils showed high antifungal activity against clinically relevant <i<Candida</i< spp. with IC<sub<50</sub< and IC<sub<90</sub< less than or equal to 0.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< and inhibition of biofilm with a concentration of 3.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< or less. Cultivated marjoram oil showed higher anti-biofilm activity against <i<C. albicans</i<. In addition, OMC showed greater inhibition of germ-tube formation (inhibition by 83% in Spider media), the major virulence factor of <i<C. albicans</i< at a concentration of 0.125 µg mL<sup<−1</sup<. Both EOs modulated cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH), but OMN proved to be more active with a CSH% up to 58.41%. The efficacy of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs was also investigated using <i<Galleria mellonella</i< larvae as a model. It was observed that while the larvae of the control group infected with <i<C. albicans</i< (6.0 × 10<sup<8</sup< cells) and not receiving treatment died in the controls carried out after 24 h, all larvae in the infected treatment group survived at the end of the 96th hour. When the treatment group and the infected group were evaluated in terms of vital activities, it was found that the difference was statistically significant (<i<p</i< < 0.001). The infection of larvae with <i<C. albicans</i< and the effects of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs on the hemocytes of the model organism and the blastospores of <i<C. albicans</i< were evaluated by light microscopy on slides stained with Giemsa. Cytological examination in the treatment group revealed that <i<C. albicans</i< blastospores were phagocytosed and morphological changes occurred in hemocytes. Our results indicated that the essential oil of both samples showed strong antifungal activities against planktonic and biofilm-forming <i<C. albicans</i< cells and also had an influence on putative virulence factors (germ-tube formation and its length and on CSH).
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allfields	10.3390/molecules27030663 doi (DE-627)DOAJ016649133 (DE-599)DOAJfdb5822b93024ba68ced50aaca446f7d DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QD241-441 Banu Kaskatepe verfasserin aut Antifungal and Anti-Virulent Activity of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. Essential Oil on <i<Candida albicans</i< and In Vivo Toxicity in the <i<Galleria mellonella</i< Larval Model 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The aim of this study was to investigate and compare in detail both the antifungal activity in vitro (with planktonic and biofilm-forming cells) and the essential oil composition (EOs) of naturally growing (OMN) and cultivated (OMC) samples of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. (marjoram). The essential oil composition was analyzed using GC-MS. The major constituent of both EOs was carvacrol: 75.3% and 84%, respectively. Both essential oils showed high antifungal activity against clinically relevant <i<Candida</i< spp. with IC<sub<50</sub< and IC<sub<90</sub< less than or equal to 0.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< and inhibition of biofilm with a concentration of 3.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< or less. Cultivated marjoram oil showed higher anti-biofilm activity against <i<C. albicans</i<. In addition, OMC showed greater inhibition of germ-tube formation (inhibition by 83% in Spider media), the major virulence factor of <i<C. albicans</i< at a concentration of 0.125 µg mL<sup<−1</sup<. Both EOs modulated cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH), but OMN proved to be more active with a CSH% up to 58.41%. The efficacy of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs was also investigated using <i<Galleria mellonella</i< larvae as a model. It was observed that while the larvae of the control group infected with <i<C. albicans</i< (6.0 × 10<sup<8</sup< cells) and not receiving treatment died in the controls carried out after 24 h, all larvae in the infected treatment group survived at the end of the 96th hour. When the treatment group and the infected group were evaluated in terms of vital activities, it was found that the difference was statistically significant (<i<p</i< < 0.001). The infection of larvae with <i<C. albicans</i< and the effects of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs on the hemocytes of the model organism and the blastospores of <i<C. albicans</i< were evaluated by light microscopy on slides stained with Giemsa. Cytological examination in the treatment group revealed that <i<C. albicans</i< blastospores were phagocytosed and morphological changes occurred in hemocytes. Our results indicated that the essential oil of both samples showed strong antifungal activities against planktonic and biofilm-forming <i<C. albicans</i< cells and also had an influence on putative virulence factors (germ-tube formation and its length and on CSH). virulence factors CSH biofilm germ-tube marjoram carvacrol Organic chemistry Sinem Aslan Erdem verfasserin aut Sukran Ozturk verfasserin aut Zehra Safi Oz verfasserin aut Eldan Subasi verfasserin aut Mehmet Koyuncu verfasserin aut Josipa Vlainić verfasserin aut Ivan Kosalec verfasserin aut In Molecules MDPI AG, 2003 27(2022), 3, p 663 (DE-627)311313132 (DE-600)2008644-1 14203049 nnns volume:27 year:2022 number:3, p 663 https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27030663 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fdb5822b93024ba68ced50aaca446f7d kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/3/663 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1420-3049 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 27 2022 3, p 663
spelling	10.3390/molecules27030663 doi (DE-627)DOAJ016649133 (DE-599)DOAJfdb5822b93024ba68ced50aaca446f7d DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QD241-441 Banu Kaskatepe verfasserin aut Antifungal and Anti-Virulent Activity of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. Essential Oil on <i<Candida albicans</i< and In Vivo Toxicity in the <i<Galleria mellonella</i< Larval Model 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The aim of this study was to investigate and compare in detail both the antifungal activity in vitro (with planktonic and biofilm-forming cells) and the essential oil composition (EOs) of naturally growing (OMN) and cultivated (OMC) samples of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. (marjoram). The essential oil composition was analyzed using GC-MS. The major constituent of both EOs was carvacrol: 75.3% and 84%, respectively. Both essential oils showed high antifungal activity against clinically relevant <i<Candida</i< spp. with IC<sub<50</sub< and IC<sub<90</sub< less than or equal to 0.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< and inhibition of biofilm with a concentration of 3.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< or less. Cultivated marjoram oil showed higher anti-biofilm activity against <i<C. albicans</i<. In addition, OMC showed greater inhibition of germ-tube formation (inhibition by 83% in Spider media), the major virulence factor of <i<C. albicans</i< at a concentration of 0.125 µg mL<sup<−1</sup<. Both EOs modulated cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH), but OMN proved to be more active with a CSH% up to 58.41%. The efficacy of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs was also investigated using <i<Galleria mellonella</i< larvae as a model. It was observed that while the larvae of the control group infected with <i<C. albicans</i< (6.0 × 10<sup<8</sup< cells) and not receiving treatment died in the controls carried out after 24 h, all larvae in the infected treatment group survived at the end of the 96th hour. When the treatment group and the infected group were evaluated in terms of vital activities, it was found that the difference was statistically significant (<i<p</i< < 0.001). The infection of larvae with <i<C. albicans</i< and the effects of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs on the hemocytes of the model organism and the blastospores of <i<C. albicans</i< were evaluated by light microscopy on slides stained with Giemsa. Cytological examination in the treatment group revealed that <i<C. albicans</i< blastospores were phagocytosed and morphological changes occurred in hemocytes. Our results indicated that the essential oil of both samples showed strong antifungal activities against planktonic and biofilm-forming <i<C. albicans</i< cells and also had an influence on putative virulence factors (germ-tube formation and its length and on CSH). virulence factors CSH biofilm germ-tube marjoram carvacrol Organic chemistry Sinem Aslan Erdem verfasserin aut Sukran Ozturk verfasserin aut Zehra Safi Oz verfasserin aut Eldan Subasi verfasserin aut Mehmet Koyuncu verfasserin aut Josipa Vlainić verfasserin aut Ivan Kosalec verfasserin aut In Molecules MDPI AG, 2003 27(2022), 3, p 663 (DE-627)311313132 (DE-600)2008644-1 14203049 nnns volume:27 year:2022 number:3, p 663 https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27030663 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fdb5822b93024ba68ced50aaca446f7d kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/3/663 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1420-3049 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 27 2022 3, p 663
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/molecules27030663 doi (DE-627)DOAJ016649133 (DE-599)DOAJfdb5822b93024ba68ced50aaca446f7d DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QD241-441 Banu Kaskatepe verfasserin aut Antifungal and Anti-Virulent Activity of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. Essential Oil on <i<Candida albicans</i< and In Vivo Toxicity in the <i<Galleria mellonella</i< Larval Model 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The aim of this study was to investigate and compare in detail both the antifungal activity in vitro (with planktonic and biofilm-forming cells) and the essential oil composition (EOs) of naturally growing (OMN) and cultivated (OMC) samples of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. (marjoram). The essential oil composition was analyzed using GC-MS. The major constituent of both EOs was carvacrol: 75.3% and 84%, respectively. Both essential oils showed high antifungal activity against clinically relevant <i<Candida</i< spp. with IC<sub<50</sub< and IC<sub<90</sub< less than or equal to 0.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< and inhibition of biofilm with a concentration of 3.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< or less. Cultivated marjoram oil showed higher anti-biofilm activity against <i<C. albicans</i<. In addition, OMC showed greater inhibition of germ-tube formation (inhibition by 83% in Spider media), the major virulence factor of <i<C. albicans</i< at a concentration of 0.125 µg mL<sup<−1</sup<. Both EOs modulated cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH), but OMN proved to be more active with a CSH% up to 58.41%. The efficacy of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs was also investigated using <i<Galleria mellonella</i< larvae as a model. It was observed that while the larvae of the control group infected with <i<C. albicans</i< (6.0 × 10<sup<8</sup< cells) and not receiving treatment died in the controls carried out after 24 h, all larvae in the infected treatment group survived at the end of the 96th hour. When the treatment group and the infected group were evaluated in terms of vital activities, it was found that the difference was statistically significant (<i<p</i< < 0.001). The infection of larvae with <i<C. albicans</i< and the effects of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs on the hemocytes of the model organism and the blastospores of <i<C. albicans</i< were evaluated by light microscopy on slides stained with Giemsa. Cytological examination in the treatment group revealed that <i<C. albicans</i< blastospores were phagocytosed and morphological changes occurred in hemocytes. Our results indicated that the essential oil of both samples showed strong antifungal activities against planktonic and biofilm-forming <i<C. albicans</i< cells and also had an influence on putative virulence factors (germ-tube formation and its length and on CSH). virulence factors CSH biofilm germ-tube marjoram carvacrol Organic chemistry Sinem Aslan Erdem verfasserin aut Sukran Ozturk verfasserin aut Zehra Safi Oz verfasserin aut Eldan Subasi verfasserin aut Mehmet Koyuncu verfasserin aut Josipa Vlainić verfasserin aut Ivan Kosalec verfasserin aut In Molecules MDPI AG, 2003 27(2022), 3, p 663 (DE-627)311313132 (DE-600)2008644-1 14203049 nnns volume:27 year:2022 number:3, p 663 https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27030663 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fdb5822b93024ba68ced50aaca446f7d kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/3/663 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1420-3049 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 27 2022 3, p 663
allfieldsGer	10.3390/molecules27030663 doi (DE-627)DOAJ016649133 (DE-599)DOAJfdb5822b93024ba68ced50aaca446f7d DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QD241-441 Banu Kaskatepe verfasserin aut Antifungal and Anti-Virulent Activity of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. Essential Oil on <i<Candida albicans</i< and In Vivo Toxicity in the <i<Galleria mellonella</i< Larval Model 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The aim of this study was to investigate and compare in detail both the antifungal activity in vitro (with planktonic and biofilm-forming cells) and the essential oil composition (EOs) of naturally growing (OMN) and cultivated (OMC) samples of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. (marjoram). The essential oil composition was analyzed using GC-MS. The major constituent of both EOs was carvacrol: 75.3% and 84%, respectively. Both essential oils showed high antifungal activity against clinically relevant <i<Candida</i< spp. with IC<sub<50</sub< and IC<sub<90</sub< less than or equal to 0.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< and inhibition of biofilm with a concentration of 3.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< or less. Cultivated marjoram oil showed higher anti-biofilm activity against <i<C. albicans</i<. In addition, OMC showed greater inhibition of germ-tube formation (inhibition by 83% in Spider media), the major virulence factor of <i<C. albicans</i< at a concentration of 0.125 µg mL<sup<−1</sup<. Both EOs modulated cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH), but OMN proved to be more active with a CSH% up to 58.41%. The efficacy of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs was also investigated using <i<Galleria mellonella</i< larvae as a model. It was observed that while the larvae of the control group infected with <i<C. albicans</i< (6.0 × 10<sup<8</sup< cells) and not receiving treatment died in the controls carried out after 24 h, all larvae in the infected treatment group survived at the end of the 96th hour. When the treatment group and the infected group were evaluated in terms of vital activities, it was found that the difference was statistically significant (<i<p</i< < 0.001). The infection of larvae with <i<C. albicans</i< and the effects of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs on the hemocytes of the model organism and the blastospores of <i<C. albicans</i< were evaluated by light microscopy on slides stained with Giemsa. Cytological examination in the treatment group revealed that <i<C. albicans</i< blastospores were phagocytosed and morphological changes occurred in hemocytes. Our results indicated that the essential oil of both samples showed strong antifungal activities against planktonic and biofilm-forming <i<C. albicans</i< cells and also had an influence on putative virulence factors (germ-tube formation and its length and on CSH). virulence factors CSH biofilm germ-tube marjoram carvacrol Organic chemistry Sinem Aslan Erdem verfasserin aut Sukran Ozturk verfasserin aut Zehra Safi Oz verfasserin aut Eldan Subasi verfasserin aut Mehmet Koyuncu verfasserin aut Josipa Vlainić verfasserin aut Ivan Kosalec verfasserin aut In Molecules MDPI AG, 2003 27(2022), 3, p 663 (DE-627)311313132 (DE-600)2008644-1 14203049 nnns volume:27 year:2022 number:3, p 663 https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27030663 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fdb5822b93024ba68ced50aaca446f7d kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/3/663 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1420-3049 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 27 2022 3, p 663
allfieldsSound	10.3390/molecules27030663 doi (DE-627)DOAJ016649133 (DE-599)DOAJfdb5822b93024ba68ced50aaca446f7d DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QD241-441 Banu Kaskatepe verfasserin aut Antifungal and Anti-Virulent Activity of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. Essential Oil on <i<Candida albicans</i< and In Vivo Toxicity in the <i<Galleria mellonella</i< Larval Model 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The aim of this study was to investigate and compare in detail both the antifungal activity in vitro (with planktonic and biofilm-forming cells) and the essential oil composition (EOs) of naturally growing (OMN) and cultivated (OMC) samples of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. (marjoram). The essential oil composition was analyzed using GC-MS. The major constituent of both EOs was carvacrol: 75.3% and 84%, respectively. Both essential oils showed high antifungal activity against clinically relevant <i<Candida</i< spp. with IC<sub<50</sub< and IC<sub<90</sub< less than or equal to 0.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< and inhibition of biofilm with a concentration of 3.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< or less. Cultivated marjoram oil showed higher anti-biofilm activity against <i<C. albicans</i<. In addition, OMC showed greater inhibition of germ-tube formation (inhibition by 83% in Spider media), the major virulence factor of <i<C. albicans</i< at a concentration of 0.125 µg mL<sup<−1</sup<. Both EOs modulated cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH), but OMN proved to be more active with a CSH% up to 58.41%. The efficacy of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs was also investigated using <i<Galleria mellonella</i< larvae as a model. It was observed that while the larvae of the control group infected with <i<C. albicans</i< (6.0 × 10<sup<8</sup< cells) and not receiving treatment died in the controls carried out after 24 h, all larvae in the infected treatment group survived at the end of the 96th hour. When the treatment group and the infected group were evaluated in terms of vital activities, it was found that the difference was statistically significant (<i<p</i< < 0.001). The infection of larvae with <i<C. albicans</i< and the effects of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs on the hemocytes of the model organism and the blastospores of <i<C. albicans</i< were evaluated by light microscopy on slides stained with Giemsa. Cytological examination in the treatment group revealed that <i<C. albicans</i< blastospores were phagocytosed and morphological changes occurred in hemocytes. Our results indicated that the essential oil of both samples showed strong antifungal activities against planktonic and biofilm-forming <i<C. albicans</i< cells and also had an influence on putative virulence factors (germ-tube formation and its length and on CSH). virulence factors CSH biofilm germ-tube marjoram carvacrol Organic chemistry Sinem Aslan Erdem verfasserin aut Sukran Ozturk verfasserin aut Zehra Safi Oz verfasserin aut Eldan Subasi verfasserin aut Mehmet Koyuncu verfasserin aut Josipa Vlainić verfasserin aut Ivan Kosalec verfasserin aut In Molecules MDPI AG, 2003 27(2022), 3, p 663 (DE-627)311313132 (DE-600)2008644-1 14203049 nnns volume:27 year:2022 number:3, p 663 https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27030663 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fdb5822b93024ba68ced50aaca446f7d kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/3/663 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1420-3049 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 27 2022 3, p 663
language	English
source	In Molecules 27(2022), 3, p 663 volume:27 year:2022 number:3, p 663
sourceStr	In Molecules 27(2022), 3, p 663 volume:27 year:2022 number:3, p 663
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	virulence factors CSH biofilm germ-tube marjoram carvacrol Organic chemistry
isfreeaccess_bool	true
container_title	Molecules
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Banu Kaskatepe @@aut@@ Sinem Aslan Erdem @@aut@@ Sukran Ozturk @@aut@@ Zehra Safi Oz @@aut@@ Eldan Subasi @@aut@@ Mehmet Koyuncu @@aut@@ Josipa Vlainić @@aut@@ Ivan Kosalec @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	311313132
id	DOAJ016649133
language_de	englisch
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callnumber-first	Q - Science
author	Banu Kaskatepe
spellingShingle	Banu Kaskatepe misc QD241-441 misc virulence factors misc CSH misc biofilm misc germ-tube misc marjoram misc carvacrol misc Organic chemistry Antifungal and Anti-Virulent Activity of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. Essential Oil on <i<Candida albicans</i< and In Vivo Toxicity in the <i<Galleria mellonella</i< Larval Model
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topic_title	QD241-441 Antifungal and Anti-Virulent Activity of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. Essential Oil on <i<Candida albicans</i< and In Vivo Toxicity in the <i<Galleria mellonella</i< Larval Model virulence factors CSH biofilm germ-tube marjoram carvacrol
topic	misc QD241-441 misc virulence factors misc CSH misc biofilm misc germ-tube misc marjoram misc carvacrol misc Organic chemistry
topic_unstemmed	misc QD241-441 misc virulence factors misc CSH misc biofilm misc germ-tube misc marjoram misc carvacrol misc Organic chemistry
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title	Antifungal and Anti-Virulent Activity of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. Essential Oil on <i<Candida albicans</i< and In Vivo Toxicity in the <i<Galleria mellonella</i< Larval Model
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title_full	Antifungal and Anti-Virulent Activity of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. Essential Oil on <i<Candida albicans</i< and In Vivo Toxicity in the <i<Galleria mellonella</i< Larval Model
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title_sort	antifungal and anti-virulent activity of <i<origanum majorana</i< l. essential oil on <i<candida albicans</i< and in vivo toxicity in the <i<galleria mellonella</i< larval model
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title_auth	Antifungal and Anti-Virulent Activity of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. Essential Oil on <i<Candida albicans</i< and In Vivo Toxicity in the <i<Galleria mellonella</i< Larval Model
abstract	The aim of this study was to investigate and compare in detail both the antifungal activity in vitro (with planktonic and biofilm-forming cells) and the essential oil composition (EOs) of naturally growing (OMN) and cultivated (OMC) samples of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. (marjoram). The essential oil composition was analyzed using GC-MS. The major constituent of both EOs was carvacrol: 75.3% and 84%, respectively. Both essential oils showed high antifungal activity against clinically relevant <i<Candida</i< spp. with IC<sub<50</sub< and IC<sub<90</sub< less than or equal to 0.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< and inhibition of biofilm with a concentration of 3.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< or less. Cultivated marjoram oil showed higher anti-biofilm activity against <i<C. albicans</i<. In addition, OMC showed greater inhibition of germ-tube formation (inhibition by 83% in Spider media), the major virulence factor of <i<C. albicans</i< at a concentration of 0.125 µg mL<sup<−1</sup<. Both EOs modulated cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH), but OMN proved to be more active with a CSH% up to 58.41%. The efficacy of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs was also investigated using <i<Galleria mellonella</i< larvae as a model. It was observed that while the larvae of the control group infected with <i<C. albicans</i< (6.0 × 10<sup<8</sup< cells) and not receiving treatment died in the controls carried out after 24 h, all larvae in the infected treatment group survived at the end of the 96th hour. When the treatment group and the infected group were evaluated in terms of vital activities, it was found that the difference was statistically significant (<i<p</i< < 0.001). The infection of larvae with <i<C. albicans</i< and the effects of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs on the hemocytes of the model organism and the blastospores of <i<C. albicans</i< were evaluated by light microscopy on slides stained with Giemsa. Cytological examination in the treatment group revealed that <i<C. albicans</i< blastospores were phagocytosed and morphological changes occurred in hemocytes. Our results indicated that the essential oil of both samples showed strong antifungal activities against planktonic and biofilm-forming <i<C. albicans</i< cells and also had an influence on putative virulence factors (germ-tube formation and its length and on CSH).
abstractGer	The aim of this study was to investigate and compare in detail both the antifungal activity in vitro (with planktonic and biofilm-forming cells) and the essential oil composition (EOs) of naturally growing (OMN) and cultivated (OMC) samples of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. (marjoram). The essential oil composition was analyzed using GC-MS. The major constituent of both EOs was carvacrol: 75.3% and 84%, respectively. Both essential oils showed high antifungal activity against clinically relevant <i<Candida</i< spp. with IC<sub<50</sub< and IC<sub<90</sub< less than or equal to 0.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< and inhibition of biofilm with a concentration of 3.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< or less. Cultivated marjoram oil showed higher anti-biofilm activity against <i<C. albicans</i<. In addition, OMC showed greater inhibition of germ-tube formation (inhibition by 83% in Spider media), the major virulence factor of <i<C. albicans</i< at a concentration of 0.125 µg mL<sup<−1</sup<. Both EOs modulated cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH), but OMN proved to be more active with a CSH% up to 58.41%. The efficacy of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs was also investigated using <i<Galleria mellonella</i< larvae as a model. It was observed that while the larvae of the control group infected with <i<C. albicans</i< (6.0 × 10<sup<8</sup< cells) and not receiving treatment died in the controls carried out after 24 h, all larvae in the infected treatment group survived at the end of the 96th hour. When the treatment group and the infected group were evaluated in terms of vital activities, it was found that the difference was statistically significant (<i<p</i< < 0.001). The infection of larvae with <i<C. albicans</i< and the effects of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs on the hemocytes of the model organism and the blastospores of <i<C. albicans</i< were evaluated by light microscopy on slides stained with Giemsa. Cytological examination in the treatment group revealed that <i<C. albicans</i< blastospores were phagocytosed and morphological changes occurred in hemocytes. Our results indicated that the essential oil of both samples showed strong antifungal activities against planktonic and biofilm-forming <i<C. albicans</i< cells and also had an influence on putative virulence factors (germ-tube formation and its length and on CSH).
abstract_unstemmed	The aim of this study was to investigate and compare in detail both the antifungal activity in vitro (with planktonic and biofilm-forming cells) and the essential oil composition (EOs) of naturally growing (OMN) and cultivated (OMC) samples of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. (marjoram). The essential oil composition was analyzed using GC-MS. The major constituent of both EOs was carvacrol: 75.3% and 84%, respectively. Both essential oils showed high antifungal activity against clinically relevant <i<Candida</i< spp. with IC<sub<50</sub< and IC<sub<90</sub< less than or equal to 0.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< and inhibition of biofilm with a concentration of 3.5 µg mL<sup<−1</sup< or less. Cultivated marjoram oil showed higher anti-biofilm activity against <i<C. albicans</i<. In addition, OMC showed greater inhibition of germ-tube formation (inhibition by 83% in Spider media), the major virulence factor of <i<C. albicans</i< at a concentration of 0.125 µg mL<sup<−1</sup<. Both EOs modulated cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH), but OMN proved to be more active with a CSH% up to 58.41%. The efficacy of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs was also investigated using <i<Galleria mellonella</i< larvae as a model. It was observed that while the larvae of the control group infected with <i<C. albicans</i< (6.0 × 10<sup<8</sup< cells) and not receiving treatment died in the controls carried out after 24 h, all larvae in the infected treatment group survived at the end of the 96th hour. When the treatment group and the infected group were evaluated in terms of vital activities, it was found that the difference was statistically significant (<i<p</i< < 0.001). The infection of larvae with <i<C. albicans</i< and the effects of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs on the hemocytes of the model organism and the blastospores of <i<C. albicans</i< were evaluated by light microscopy on slides stained with Giemsa. Cytological examination in the treatment group revealed that <i<C. albicans</i< blastospores were phagocytosed and morphological changes occurred in hemocytes. Our results indicated that the essential oil of both samples showed strong antifungal activities against planktonic and biofilm-forming <i<C. albicans</i< cells and also had an influence on putative virulence factors (germ-tube formation and its length and on CSH).
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title_short	Antifungal and Anti-Virulent Activity of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. Essential Oil on <i<Candida albicans</i< and In Vivo Toxicity in the <i<Galleria mellonella</i< Larval Model
url	https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27030663 https://doaj.org/article/fdb5822b93024ba68ced50aaca446f7d https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/3/663 https://doaj.org/toc/1420-3049
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It was observed that while the larvae of the control group infected with <i<C. albicans</i< (6.0 × 10<sup<8</sup< cells) and not receiving treatment died in the controls carried out after 24 h, all larvae in the infected treatment group survived at the end of the 96th hour. When the treatment group and the infected group were evaluated in terms of vital activities, it was found that the difference was statistically significant (<i<p</i< < 0.001). The infection of larvae with <i<C. albicans</i< and the effects of <i<O. majorana</i< EOs on the hemocytes of the model organism and the blastospores of <i<C. albicans</i< were evaluated by light microscopy on slides stained with Giemsa. Cytological examination in the treatment group revealed that <i<C. albicans</i< blastospores were phagocytosed and morphological changes occurred in hemocytes. 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Antifungal and Anti-Virulent Activity of <i<Origanum majorana</i< L. Essential Oil on <i<Candida albicans</i< and In Vivo Toxicity in the <i<Galleria mellonella</i< Larval Model

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