Rigid internal fixation of zygoma fractures: A comparison of two-point and three-point fixation

<b<Background: </b< Displaced fractures of the zygomatic bone can result in significant functional and aesthetic sequelae. Therefore the treatment must achieve adequate and stable reduction at fracture sites so as to restore the complex multidimensional relationship of the zygoma to the...
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Autor*in:	Parashar Atul [verfasserIn] Sharma Ramesh [verfasserIn] Makkar Surinder [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2007

Schlagwörter:	Enophthalmos fracture zygoma malar height malar projection rigid internal fixation vertical dystopia

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery - Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 2004, 40(2007), 1, Seite 18-24
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:40 ; year:2007 ; number:1 ; pages:18-24

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ017203023

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520			\|a <b<Background: </b< Displaced fractures of the zygomatic bone can result in significant functional and aesthetic sequelae. Therefore the treatment must achieve adequate and stable reduction at fracture sites so as to restore the complex multidimensional relationship of the zygoma to the surrounding craniofacial skeleton. Many experimental biophysical studies have compared stability of zygoma after one, two and three-point fixation with mini plates. We conducted a prospective clinical study comparing functional and aesthetic results of two-point and three-point fixation with mini plates in patients with fractures of zygoma. <b< Materials and Methods:</b< Twenty-two patients with isolated zygomatic fractures over a period of one year were randomly assigned into two-point and three-point fixation groups. Results of fixation were analyzed after completion of three months. This included clinical, radiological and photographic evaluation. <b< Results:</b< The three-point fixation group maintained better stability at fracture sites resulting in decreased incidence of dystopia and enophthalmos. This group also had better malar projection and malar height as measured radiologically, when compared with the two-point fixation group. <b< Conclusion:</b< We recommend three-point rigid fixation of fractured zygoma after accurate reduction so as to maintain adequate stabilization against masticatory forces during fracture healing phase.
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allfields	(DE-627)DOAJ017203023 (DE-599)DOAJ8bdfff1298844e4f9450e261ff23e3e1 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RD1-811 Parashar Atul verfasserin aut Rigid internal fixation of zygoma fractures: A comparison of two-point and three-point fixation 2007 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <b<Background: </b< Displaced fractures of the zygomatic bone can result in significant functional and aesthetic sequelae. Therefore the treatment must achieve adequate and stable reduction at fracture sites so as to restore the complex multidimensional relationship of the zygoma to the surrounding craniofacial skeleton. Many experimental biophysical studies have compared stability of zygoma after one, two and three-point fixation with mini plates. We conducted a prospective clinical study comparing functional and aesthetic results of two-point and three-point fixation with mini plates in patients with fractures of zygoma. <b< Materials and Methods:</b< Twenty-two patients with isolated zygomatic fractures over a period of one year were randomly assigned into two-point and three-point fixation groups. Results of fixation were analyzed after completion of three months. This included clinical, radiological and photographic evaluation. <b< Results:</b< The three-point fixation group maintained better stability at fracture sites resulting in decreased incidence of dystopia and enophthalmos. This group also had better malar projection and malar height as measured radiologically, when compared with the two-point fixation group. <b< Conclusion:</b< We recommend three-point rigid fixation of fractured zygoma after accurate reduction so as to maintain adequate stabilization against masticatory forces during fracture healing phase. Enophthalmos fracture zygoma malar height malar projection rigid internal fixation vertical dystopia Surgery Sharma Ramesh verfasserin aut Makkar Surinder verfasserin aut In Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 2004 40(2007), 1, Seite 18-24 (DE-627)36908487X (DE-600)2118680-7 1998376X nnns volume:40 year:2007 number:1 pages:18-24 https://doaj.org/article/8bdfff1298844e4f9450e261ff23e3e1 kostenfrei http://www.ijps.org/article.asp?issn=0970-0358;year=2007;volume=40;issue=1;spage=18;epage=24;aulast=Parashar kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0970-0358 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 40 2007 1 18-24
spelling	(DE-627)DOAJ017203023 (DE-599)DOAJ8bdfff1298844e4f9450e261ff23e3e1 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RD1-811 Parashar Atul verfasserin aut Rigid internal fixation of zygoma fractures: A comparison of two-point and three-point fixation 2007 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <b<Background: </b< Displaced fractures of the zygomatic bone can result in significant functional and aesthetic sequelae. Therefore the treatment must achieve adequate and stable reduction at fracture sites so as to restore the complex multidimensional relationship of the zygoma to the surrounding craniofacial skeleton. Many experimental biophysical studies have compared stability of zygoma after one, two and three-point fixation with mini plates. We conducted a prospective clinical study comparing functional and aesthetic results of two-point and three-point fixation with mini plates in patients with fractures of zygoma. <b< Materials and Methods:</b< Twenty-two patients with isolated zygomatic fractures over a period of one year were randomly assigned into two-point and three-point fixation groups. Results of fixation were analyzed after completion of three months. This included clinical, radiological and photographic evaluation. <b< Results:</b< The three-point fixation group maintained better stability at fracture sites resulting in decreased incidence of dystopia and enophthalmos. This group also had better malar projection and malar height as measured radiologically, when compared with the two-point fixation group. <b< Conclusion:</b< We recommend three-point rigid fixation of fractured zygoma after accurate reduction so as to maintain adequate stabilization against masticatory forces during fracture healing phase. Enophthalmos fracture zygoma malar height malar projection rigid internal fixation vertical dystopia Surgery Sharma Ramesh verfasserin aut Makkar Surinder verfasserin aut In Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 2004 40(2007), 1, Seite 18-24 (DE-627)36908487X (DE-600)2118680-7 1998376X nnns volume:40 year:2007 number:1 pages:18-24 https://doaj.org/article/8bdfff1298844e4f9450e261ff23e3e1 kostenfrei http://www.ijps.org/article.asp?issn=0970-0358;year=2007;volume=40;issue=1;spage=18;epage=24;aulast=Parashar kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0970-0358 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 40 2007 1 18-24
allfields_unstemmed	(DE-627)DOAJ017203023 (DE-599)DOAJ8bdfff1298844e4f9450e261ff23e3e1 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RD1-811 Parashar Atul verfasserin aut Rigid internal fixation of zygoma fractures: A comparison of two-point and three-point fixation 2007 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <b<Background: </b< Displaced fractures of the zygomatic bone can result in significant functional and aesthetic sequelae. Therefore the treatment must achieve adequate and stable reduction at fracture sites so as to restore the complex multidimensional relationship of the zygoma to the surrounding craniofacial skeleton. Many experimental biophysical studies have compared stability of zygoma after one, two and three-point fixation with mini plates. We conducted a prospective clinical study comparing functional and aesthetic results of two-point and three-point fixation with mini plates in patients with fractures of zygoma. <b< Materials and Methods:</b< Twenty-two patients with isolated zygomatic fractures over a period of one year were randomly assigned into two-point and three-point fixation groups. Results of fixation were analyzed after completion of three months. This included clinical, radiological and photographic evaluation. <b< Results:</b< The three-point fixation group maintained better stability at fracture sites resulting in decreased incidence of dystopia and enophthalmos. This group also had better malar projection and malar height as measured radiologically, when compared with the two-point fixation group. <b< Conclusion:</b< We recommend three-point rigid fixation of fractured zygoma after accurate reduction so as to maintain adequate stabilization against masticatory forces during fracture healing phase. Enophthalmos fracture zygoma malar height malar projection rigid internal fixation vertical dystopia Surgery Sharma Ramesh verfasserin aut Makkar Surinder verfasserin aut In Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 2004 40(2007), 1, Seite 18-24 (DE-627)36908487X (DE-600)2118680-7 1998376X nnns volume:40 year:2007 number:1 pages:18-24 https://doaj.org/article/8bdfff1298844e4f9450e261ff23e3e1 kostenfrei http://www.ijps.org/article.asp?issn=0970-0358;year=2007;volume=40;issue=1;spage=18;epage=24;aulast=Parashar kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0970-0358 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 40 2007 1 18-24
allfieldsGer	(DE-627)DOAJ017203023 (DE-599)DOAJ8bdfff1298844e4f9450e261ff23e3e1 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RD1-811 Parashar Atul verfasserin aut Rigid internal fixation of zygoma fractures: A comparison of two-point and three-point fixation 2007 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <b<Background: </b< Displaced fractures of the zygomatic bone can result in significant functional and aesthetic sequelae. Therefore the treatment must achieve adequate and stable reduction at fracture sites so as to restore the complex multidimensional relationship of the zygoma to the surrounding craniofacial skeleton. Many experimental biophysical studies have compared stability of zygoma after one, two and three-point fixation with mini plates. We conducted a prospective clinical study comparing functional and aesthetic results of two-point and three-point fixation with mini plates in patients with fractures of zygoma. <b< Materials and Methods:</b< Twenty-two patients with isolated zygomatic fractures over a period of one year were randomly assigned into two-point and three-point fixation groups. Results of fixation were analyzed after completion of three months. This included clinical, radiological and photographic evaluation. <b< Results:</b< The three-point fixation group maintained better stability at fracture sites resulting in decreased incidence of dystopia and enophthalmos. This group also had better malar projection and malar height as measured radiologically, when compared with the two-point fixation group. <b< Conclusion:</b< We recommend three-point rigid fixation of fractured zygoma after accurate reduction so as to maintain adequate stabilization against masticatory forces during fracture healing phase. Enophthalmos fracture zygoma malar height malar projection rigid internal fixation vertical dystopia Surgery Sharma Ramesh verfasserin aut Makkar Surinder verfasserin aut In Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 2004 40(2007), 1, Seite 18-24 (DE-627)36908487X (DE-600)2118680-7 1998376X nnns volume:40 year:2007 number:1 pages:18-24 https://doaj.org/article/8bdfff1298844e4f9450e261ff23e3e1 kostenfrei http://www.ijps.org/article.asp?issn=0970-0358;year=2007;volume=40;issue=1;spage=18;epage=24;aulast=Parashar kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0970-0358 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 40 2007 1 18-24
allfieldsSound	(DE-627)DOAJ017203023 (DE-599)DOAJ8bdfff1298844e4f9450e261ff23e3e1 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RD1-811 Parashar Atul verfasserin aut Rigid internal fixation of zygoma fractures: A comparison of two-point and three-point fixation 2007 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <b<Background: </b< Displaced fractures of the zygomatic bone can result in significant functional and aesthetic sequelae. Therefore the treatment must achieve adequate and stable reduction at fracture sites so as to restore the complex multidimensional relationship of the zygoma to the surrounding craniofacial skeleton. Many experimental biophysical studies have compared stability of zygoma after one, two and three-point fixation with mini plates. We conducted a prospective clinical study comparing functional and aesthetic results of two-point and three-point fixation with mini plates in patients with fractures of zygoma. <b< Materials and Methods:</b< Twenty-two patients with isolated zygomatic fractures over a period of one year were randomly assigned into two-point and three-point fixation groups. Results of fixation were analyzed after completion of three months. This included clinical, radiological and photographic evaluation. <b< Results:</b< The three-point fixation group maintained better stability at fracture sites resulting in decreased incidence of dystopia and enophthalmos. This group also had better malar projection and malar height as measured radiologically, when compared with the two-point fixation group. <b< Conclusion:</b< We recommend three-point rigid fixation of fractured zygoma after accurate reduction so as to maintain adequate stabilization against masticatory forces during fracture healing phase. Enophthalmos fracture zygoma malar height malar projection rigid internal fixation vertical dystopia Surgery Sharma Ramesh verfasserin aut Makkar Surinder verfasserin aut In Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 2004 40(2007), 1, Seite 18-24 (DE-627)36908487X (DE-600)2118680-7 1998376X nnns volume:40 year:2007 number:1 pages:18-24 https://doaj.org/article/8bdfff1298844e4f9450e261ff23e3e1 kostenfrei http://www.ijps.org/article.asp?issn=0970-0358;year=2007;volume=40;issue=1;spage=18;epage=24;aulast=Parashar kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0970-0358 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 40 2007 1 18-24
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author	Parashar Atul
spellingShingle	Parashar Atul misc RD1-811 misc Enophthalmos misc fracture zygoma misc malar height misc malar projection misc rigid internal fixation misc vertical dystopia misc Surgery Rigid internal fixation of zygoma fractures: A comparison of two-point and three-point fixation
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topic_title	RD1-811 Rigid internal fixation of zygoma fractures: A comparison of two-point and three-point fixation Enophthalmos fracture zygoma malar height malar projection rigid internal fixation vertical dystopia
topic	misc RD1-811 misc Enophthalmos misc fracture zygoma misc malar height misc malar projection misc rigid internal fixation misc vertical dystopia misc Surgery
topic_unstemmed	misc RD1-811 misc Enophthalmos misc fracture zygoma misc malar height misc malar projection misc rigid internal fixation misc vertical dystopia misc Surgery
topic_browse	misc RD1-811 misc Enophthalmos misc fracture zygoma misc malar height misc malar projection misc rigid internal fixation misc vertical dystopia misc Surgery
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title	Rigid internal fixation of zygoma fractures: A comparison of two-point and three-point fixation
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title_full	Rigid internal fixation of zygoma fractures: A comparison of two-point and three-point fixation
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title_sort	rigid internal fixation of zygoma fractures: a comparison of two-point and three-point fixation
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title_auth	Rigid internal fixation of zygoma fractures: A comparison of two-point and three-point fixation
abstract	<b<Background: </b< Displaced fractures of the zygomatic bone can result in significant functional and aesthetic sequelae. Therefore the treatment must achieve adequate and stable reduction at fracture sites so as to restore the complex multidimensional relationship of the zygoma to the surrounding craniofacial skeleton. Many experimental biophysical studies have compared stability of zygoma after one, two and three-point fixation with mini plates. We conducted a prospective clinical study comparing functional and aesthetic results of two-point and three-point fixation with mini plates in patients with fractures of zygoma. <b< Materials and Methods:</b< Twenty-two patients with isolated zygomatic fractures over a period of one year were randomly assigned into two-point and three-point fixation groups. Results of fixation were analyzed after completion of three months. This included clinical, radiological and photographic evaluation. <b< Results:</b< The three-point fixation group maintained better stability at fracture sites resulting in decreased incidence of dystopia and enophthalmos. This group also had better malar projection and malar height as measured radiologically, when compared with the two-point fixation group. <b< Conclusion:</b< We recommend three-point rigid fixation of fractured zygoma after accurate reduction so as to maintain adequate stabilization against masticatory forces during fracture healing phase.
abstractGer	<b<Background: </b< Displaced fractures of the zygomatic bone can result in significant functional and aesthetic sequelae. Therefore the treatment must achieve adequate and stable reduction at fracture sites so as to restore the complex multidimensional relationship of the zygoma to the surrounding craniofacial skeleton. Many experimental biophysical studies have compared stability of zygoma after one, two and three-point fixation with mini plates. We conducted a prospective clinical study comparing functional and aesthetic results of two-point and three-point fixation with mini plates in patients with fractures of zygoma. <b< Materials and Methods:</b< Twenty-two patients with isolated zygomatic fractures over a period of one year were randomly assigned into two-point and three-point fixation groups. Results of fixation were analyzed after completion of three months. This included clinical, radiological and photographic evaluation. <b< Results:</b< The three-point fixation group maintained better stability at fracture sites resulting in decreased incidence of dystopia and enophthalmos. This group also had better malar projection and malar height as measured radiologically, when compared with the two-point fixation group. <b< Conclusion:</b< We recommend three-point rigid fixation of fractured zygoma after accurate reduction so as to maintain adequate stabilization against masticatory forces during fracture healing phase.
abstract_unstemmed	<b<Background: </b< Displaced fractures of the zygomatic bone can result in significant functional and aesthetic sequelae. Therefore the treatment must achieve adequate and stable reduction at fracture sites so as to restore the complex multidimensional relationship of the zygoma to the surrounding craniofacial skeleton. Many experimental biophysical studies have compared stability of zygoma after one, two and three-point fixation with mini plates. We conducted a prospective clinical study comparing functional and aesthetic results of two-point and three-point fixation with mini plates in patients with fractures of zygoma. <b< Materials and Methods:</b< Twenty-two patients with isolated zygomatic fractures over a period of one year were randomly assigned into two-point and three-point fixation groups. Results of fixation were analyzed after completion of three months. This included clinical, radiological and photographic evaluation. <b< Results:</b< The three-point fixation group maintained better stability at fracture sites resulting in decreased incidence of dystopia and enophthalmos. This group also had better malar projection and malar height as measured radiologically, when compared with the two-point fixation group. <b< Conclusion:</b< We recommend three-point rigid fixation of fractured zygoma after accurate reduction so as to maintain adequate stabilization against masticatory forces during fracture healing phase.
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title_short	Rigid internal fixation of zygoma fractures: A comparison of two-point and three-point fixation
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Therefore the treatment must achieve adequate and stable reduction at fracture sites so as to restore the complex multidimensional relationship of the zygoma to the surrounding craniofacial skeleton. Many experimental biophysical studies have compared stability of zygoma after one, two and three-point fixation with mini plates. We conducted a prospective clinical study comparing functional and aesthetic results of two-point and three-point fixation with mini plates in patients with fractures of zygoma. <b< Materials and Methods:</b< Twenty-two patients with isolated zygomatic fractures over a period of one year were randomly assigned into two-point and three-point fixation groups. Results of fixation were analyzed after completion of three months. This included clinical, radiological and photographic evaluation. <b< Results:</b< The three-point fixation group maintained better stability at fracture sites resulting in decreased incidence of dystopia and enophthalmos. 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Rigid internal fixation of zygoma fractures: A comparison of two-point and three-point fixation

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