Effects of herbivory on the reproductive effort of 4 prairie perennials

<p<Abstract</p< <p<Background</p< <p<Herbivory can affect every aspect of a plant's life. Damaged individuals may show decreased survivorship and reproductive output. Additionally, specific plant species (legumes) and tissues (flowers) are often selectively targete...
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Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Bradley Kate L [verfasserIn] Spotswood Erica [verfasserIn] Knops Johannes MH [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2002

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: BMC Ecology - BMC, 2002, 2(2002), 1, p 2
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:2 ; year:2002 ; number:1, p 2

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.1186/1472-6785-2-2

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ018482007

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520			\|a <p<Abstract</p< <p<Background</p< <p<Herbivory can affect every aspect of a plant's life. Damaged individuals may show decreased survivorship and reproductive output. Additionally, specific plant species (legumes) and tissues (flowers) are often selectively targeted by herbivores, like deer. These types of herbivory influence a plant's growth and abundance. The objective of this study was to identify the effects of leaf and meristem removal (simulated herbivory within an exclosure) on fruit and flower production in four species (<it<Rhus glabra, Rosa arkansana, Lathyrus venosus,</it< and <it<Phlox pilosa</it<) which are known targets of deer herbivory.</p< <p<Results</p< <p<<it<Lathyrus</it< never flowered or went to seed, so we were unable to detect any treatment effects. Leaf removal did not affect flower number in the other three species. However, <it<Phlox, Rosa,</it< and <it<Rhus</it< all showed significant negative correlations between seed mass and leaf removal. Meristem removal had a more negative effect than leaf removal on flower number in <it<Phlox</it< and on both flower number and seed mass in <it<Rosa.</it<</p< <p<Conclusions</p< <p<Meristem removal caused a greater response than defoliation alone in both <it<Phlox</it< and <it<Rosa,</it< which suggests that meristem loss has a greater effect on reproduction. The combination of leaf and meristem removal as well as recruitment limitation by deer, which selectively browse for these species, is likely to be one factor contributing to their low abundance in prairies.</p<
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allfields	10.1186/1472-6785-2-2 doi (DE-627)DOAJ018482007 (DE-599)DOAJ075ffc1cdbea46b3a5f7d4e336e95165 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH540-549.5 Bradley Kate L verfasserin aut Effects of herbivory on the reproductive effort of 4 prairie perennials 2002 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <p<Abstract</p< <p<Background</p< <p<Herbivory can affect every aspect of a plant's life. Damaged individuals may show decreased survivorship and reproductive output. Additionally, specific plant species (legumes) and tissues (flowers) are often selectively targeted by herbivores, like deer. These types of herbivory influence a plant's growth and abundance. The objective of this study was to identify the effects of leaf and meristem removal (simulated herbivory within an exclosure) on fruit and flower production in four species (<it<Rhus glabra, Rosa arkansana, Lathyrus venosus,</it< and <it<Phlox pilosa</it<) which are known targets of deer herbivory.</p< <p<Results</p< <p<<it<Lathyrus</it< never flowered or went to seed, so we were unable to detect any treatment effects. Leaf removal did not affect flower number in the other three species. However, <it<Phlox, Rosa,</it< and <it<Rhus</it< all showed significant negative correlations between seed mass and leaf removal. Meristem removal had a more negative effect than leaf removal on flower number in <it<Phlox</it< and on both flower number and seed mass in <it<Rosa.</it<</p< <p<Conclusions</p< <p<Meristem removal caused a greater response than defoliation alone in both <it<Phlox</it< and <it<Rosa,</it< which suggests that meristem loss has a greater effect on reproduction. The combination of leaf and meristem removal as well as recruitment limitation by deer, which selectively browse for these species, is likely to be one factor contributing to their low abundance in prairies.</p< Ecology Spotswood Erica verfasserin aut Knops Johannes MH verfasserin aut In BMC Ecology BMC, 2002 2(2002), 1, p 2 (DE-627)331018721 (DE-600)2050430-5 14726785 nnns volume:2 year:2002 number:1, p 2 https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-2-2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/075ffc1cdbea46b3a5f7d4e336e95165 kostenfrei http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6785/2/2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1472-6785 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 2 2002 1, p 2
spelling	10.1186/1472-6785-2-2 doi (DE-627)DOAJ018482007 (DE-599)DOAJ075ffc1cdbea46b3a5f7d4e336e95165 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH540-549.5 Bradley Kate L verfasserin aut Effects of herbivory on the reproductive effort of 4 prairie perennials 2002 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <p<Abstract</p< <p<Background</p< <p<Herbivory can affect every aspect of a plant's life. Damaged individuals may show decreased survivorship and reproductive output. Additionally, specific plant species (legumes) and tissues (flowers) are often selectively targeted by herbivores, like deer. These types of herbivory influence a plant's growth and abundance. The objective of this study was to identify the effects of leaf and meristem removal (simulated herbivory within an exclosure) on fruit and flower production in four species (<it<Rhus glabra, Rosa arkansana, Lathyrus venosus,</it< and <it<Phlox pilosa</it<) which are known targets of deer herbivory.</p< <p<Results</p< <p<<it<Lathyrus</it< never flowered or went to seed, so we were unable to detect any treatment effects. Leaf removal did not affect flower number in the other three species. However, <it<Phlox, Rosa,</it< and <it<Rhus</it< all showed significant negative correlations between seed mass and leaf removal. Meristem removal had a more negative effect than leaf removal on flower number in <it<Phlox</it< and on both flower number and seed mass in <it<Rosa.</it<</p< <p<Conclusions</p< <p<Meristem removal caused a greater response than defoliation alone in both <it<Phlox</it< and <it<Rosa,</it< which suggests that meristem loss has a greater effect on reproduction. The combination of leaf and meristem removal as well as recruitment limitation by deer, which selectively browse for these species, is likely to be one factor contributing to their low abundance in prairies.</p< Ecology Spotswood Erica verfasserin aut Knops Johannes MH verfasserin aut In BMC Ecology BMC, 2002 2(2002), 1, p 2 (DE-627)331018721 (DE-600)2050430-5 14726785 nnns volume:2 year:2002 number:1, p 2 https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-2-2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/075ffc1cdbea46b3a5f7d4e336e95165 kostenfrei http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6785/2/2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1472-6785 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 2 2002 1, p 2
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/1472-6785-2-2 doi (DE-627)DOAJ018482007 (DE-599)DOAJ075ffc1cdbea46b3a5f7d4e336e95165 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH540-549.5 Bradley Kate L verfasserin aut Effects of herbivory on the reproductive effort of 4 prairie perennials 2002 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <p<Abstract</p< <p<Background</p< <p<Herbivory can affect every aspect of a plant's life. Damaged individuals may show decreased survivorship and reproductive output. Additionally, specific plant species (legumes) and tissues (flowers) are often selectively targeted by herbivores, like deer. These types of herbivory influence a plant's growth and abundance. The objective of this study was to identify the effects of leaf and meristem removal (simulated herbivory within an exclosure) on fruit and flower production in four species (<it<Rhus glabra, Rosa arkansana, Lathyrus venosus,</it< and <it<Phlox pilosa</it<) which are known targets of deer herbivory.</p< <p<Results</p< <p<<it<Lathyrus</it< never flowered or went to seed, so we were unable to detect any treatment effects. Leaf removal did not affect flower number in the other three species. However, <it<Phlox, Rosa,</it< and <it<Rhus</it< all showed significant negative correlations between seed mass and leaf removal. Meristem removal had a more negative effect than leaf removal on flower number in <it<Phlox</it< and on both flower number and seed mass in <it<Rosa.</it<</p< <p<Conclusions</p< <p<Meristem removal caused a greater response than defoliation alone in both <it<Phlox</it< and <it<Rosa,</it< which suggests that meristem loss has a greater effect on reproduction. The combination of leaf and meristem removal as well as recruitment limitation by deer, which selectively browse for these species, is likely to be one factor contributing to their low abundance in prairies.</p< Ecology Spotswood Erica verfasserin aut Knops Johannes MH verfasserin aut In BMC Ecology BMC, 2002 2(2002), 1, p 2 (DE-627)331018721 (DE-600)2050430-5 14726785 nnns volume:2 year:2002 number:1, p 2 https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-2-2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/075ffc1cdbea46b3a5f7d4e336e95165 kostenfrei http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6785/2/2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1472-6785 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 2 2002 1, p 2
allfieldsGer	10.1186/1472-6785-2-2 doi (DE-627)DOAJ018482007 (DE-599)DOAJ075ffc1cdbea46b3a5f7d4e336e95165 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH540-549.5 Bradley Kate L verfasserin aut Effects of herbivory on the reproductive effort of 4 prairie perennials 2002 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <p<Abstract</p< <p<Background</p< <p<Herbivory can affect every aspect of a plant's life. Damaged individuals may show decreased survivorship and reproductive output. Additionally, specific plant species (legumes) and tissues (flowers) are often selectively targeted by herbivores, like deer. These types of herbivory influence a plant's growth and abundance. The objective of this study was to identify the effects of leaf and meristem removal (simulated herbivory within an exclosure) on fruit and flower production in four species (<it<Rhus glabra, Rosa arkansana, Lathyrus venosus,</it< and <it<Phlox pilosa</it<) which are known targets of deer herbivory.</p< <p<Results</p< <p<<it<Lathyrus</it< never flowered or went to seed, so we were unable to detect any treatment effects. Leaf removal did not affect flower number in the other three species. However, <it<Phlox, Rosa,</it< and <it<Rhus</it< all showed significant negative correlations between seed mass and leaf removal. Meristem removal had a more negative effect than leaf removal on flower number in <it<Phlox</it< and on both flower number and seed mass in <it<Rosa.</it<</p< <p<Conclusions</p< <p<Meristem removal caused a greater response than defoliation alone in both <it<Phlox</it< and <it<Rosa,</it< which suggests that meristem loss has a greater effect on reproduction. The combination of leaf and meristem removal as well as recruitment limitation by deer, which selectively browse for these species, is likely to be one factor contributing to their low abundance in prairies.</p< Ecology Spotswood Erica verfasserin aut Knops Johannes MH verfasserin aut In BMC Ecology BMC, 2002 2(2002), 1, p 2 (DE-627)331018721 (DE-600)2050430-5 14726785 nnns volume:2 year:2002 number:1, p 2 https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-2-2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/075ffc1cdbea46b3a5f7d4e336e95165 kostenfrei http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6785/2/2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1472-6785 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 2 2002 1, p 2
allfieldsSound	10.1186/1472-6785-2-2 doi (DE-627)DOAJ018482007 (DE-599)DOAJ075ffc1cdbea46b3a5f7d4e336e95165 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH540-549.5 Bradley Kate L verfasserin aut Effects of herbivory on the reproductive effort of 4 prairie perennials 2002 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <p<Abstract</p< <p<Background</p< <p<Herbivory can affect every aspect of a plant's life. Damaged individuals may show decreased survivorship and reproductive output. Additionally, specific plant species (legumes) and tissues (flowers) are often selectively targeted by herbivores, like deer. These types of herbivory influence a plant's growth and abundance. The objective of this study was to identify the effects of leaf and meristem removal (simulated herbivory within an exclosure) on fruit and flower production in four species (<it<Rhus glabra, Rosa arkansana, Lathyrus venosus,</it< and <it<Phlox pilosa</it<) which are known targets of deer herbivory.</p< <p<Results</p< <p<<it<Lathyrus</it< never flowered or went to seed, so we were unable to detect any treatment effects. Leaf removal did not affect flower number in the other three species. However, <it<Phlox, Rosa,</it< and <it<Rhus</it< all showed significant negative correlations between seed mass and leaf removal. Meristem removal had a more negative effect than leaf removal on flower number in <it<Phlox</it< and on both flower number and seed mass in <it<Rosa.</it<</p< <p<Conclusions</p< <p<Meristem removal caused a greater response than defoliation alone in both <it<Phlox</it< and <it<Rosa,</it< which suggests that meristem loss has a greater effect on reproduction. The combination of leaf and meristem removal as well as recruitment limitation by deer, which selectively browse for these species, is likely to be one factor contributing to their low abundance in prairies.</p< Ecology Spotswood Erica verfasserin aut Knops Johannes MH verfasserin aut In BMC Ecology BMC, 2002 2(2002), 1, p 2 (DE-627)331018721 (DE-600)2050430-5 14726785 nnns volume:2 year:2002 number:1, p 2 https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-2-2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/075ffc1cdbea46b3a5f7d4e336e95165 kostenfrei http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6785/2/2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1472-6785 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 2 2002 1, p 2
language	English
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Damaged individuals may show decreased survivorship and reproductive output. Additionally, specific plant species (legumes) and tissues (flowers) are often selectively targeted by herbivores, like deer. These types of herbivory influence a plant's growth and abundance. The objective of this study was to identify the effects of leaf and meristem removal (simulated herbivory within an exclosure) on fruit and flower production in four species (<it<Rhus glabra, Rosa arkansana, Lathyrus venosus,</it< and <it<Phlox pilosa</it<) which are known targets of deer herbivory.</p< <p<Results</p< <p<<it<Lathyrus</it< never flowered or went to seed, so we were unable to detect any treatment effects. Leaf removal did not affect flower number in the other three species. However, <it<Phlox, Rosa,</it< and <it<Rhus</it< all showed significant negative correlations between seed mass and leaf removal. 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callnumber-first	Q - Science
author	Bradley Kate L
spellingShingle	Bradley Kate L misc QH540-549.5 misc Ecology Effects of herbivory on the reproductive effort of 4 prairie perennials
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topic_title	QH540-549.5 Effects of herbivory on the reproductive effort of 4 prairie perennials
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title	Effects of herbivory on the reproductive effort of 4 prairie perennials
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title_full	Effects of herbivory on the reproductive effort of 4 prairie perennials
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author_browse	Bradley Kate L Spotswood Erica Knops Johannes MH
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title_sort	effects of herbivory on the reproductive effort of 4 prairie perennials
callnumber	QH540-549.5
title_auth	Effects of herbivory on the reproductive effort of 4 prairie perennials
abstract	<p<Abstract</p< <p<Background</p< <p<Herbivory can affect every aspect of a plant's life. Damaged individuals may show decreased survivorship and reproductive output. Additionally, specific plant species (legumes) and tissues (flowers) are often selectively targeted by herbivores, like deer. These types of herbivory influence a plant's growth and abundance. The objective of this study was to identify the effects of leaf and meristem removal (simulated herbivory within an exclosure) on fruit and flower production in four species (<it<Rhus glabra, Rosa arkansana, Lathyrus venosus,</it< and <it<Phlox pilosa</it<) which are known targets of deer herbivory.</p< <p<Results</p< <p<<it<Lathyrus</it< never flowered or went to seed, so we were unable to detect any treatment effects. Leaf removal did not affect flower number in the other three species. However, <it<Phlox, Rosa,</it< and <it<Rhus</it< all showed significant negative correlations between seed mass and leaf removal. Meristem removal had a more negative effect than leaf removal on flower number in <it<Phlox</it< and on both flower number and seed mass in <it<Rosa.</it<</p< <p<Conclusions</p< <p<Meristem removal caused a greater response than defoliation alone in both <it<Phlox</it< and <it<Rosa,</it< which suggests that meristem loss has a greater effect on reproduction. The combination of leaf and meristem removal as well as recruitment limitation by deer, which selectively browse for these species, is likely to be one factor contributing to their low abundance in prairies.</p<
abstractGer	<p<Abstract</p< <p<Background</p< <p<Herbivory can affect every aspect of a plant's life. Damaged individuals may show decreased survivorship and reproductive output. Additionally, specific plant species (legumes) and tissues (flowers) are often selectively targeted by herbivores, like deer. These types of herbivory influence a plant's growth and abundance. The objective of this study was to identify the effects of leaf and meristem removal (simulated herbivory within an exclosure) on fruit and flower production in four species (<it<Rhus glabra, Rosa arkansana, Lathyrus venosus,</it< and <it<Phlox pilosa</it<) which are known targets of deer herbivory.</p< <p<Results</p< <p<<it<Lathyrus</it< never flowered or went to seed, so we were unable to detect any treatment effects. Leaf removal did not affect flower number in the other three species. However, <it<Phlox, Rosa,</it< and <it<Rhus</it< all showed significant negative correlations between seed mass and leaf removal. Meristem removal had a more negative effect than leaf removal on flower number in <it<Phlox</it< and on both flower number and seed mass in <it<Rosa.</it<</p< <p<Conclusions</p< <p<Meristem removal caused a greater response than defoliation alone in both <it<Phlox</it< and <it<Rosa,</it< which suggests that meristem loss has a greater effect on reproduction. The combination of leaf and meristem removal as well as recruitment limitation by deer, which selectively browse for these species, is likely to be one factor contributing to their low abundance in prairies.</p<
abstract_unstemmed	<p<Abstract</p< <p<Background</p< <p<Herbivory can affect every aspect of a plant's life. Damaged individuals may show decreased survivorship and reproductive output. Additionally, specific plant species (legumes) and tissues (flowers) are often selectively targeted by herbivores, like deer. These types of herbivory influence a plant's growth and abundance. The objective of this study was to identify the effects of leaf and meristem removal (simulated herbivory within an exclosure) on fruit and flower production in four species (<it<Rhus glabra, Rosa arkansana, Lathyrus venosus,</it< and <it<Phlox pilosa</it<) which are known targets of deer herbivory.</p< <p<Results</p< <p<<it<Lathyrus</it< never flowered or went to seed, so we were unable to detect any treatment effects. Leaf removal did not affect flower number in the other three species. However, <it<Phlox, Rosa,</it< and <it<Rhus</it< all showed significant negative correlations between seed mass and leaf removal. Meristem removal had a more negative effect than leaf removal on flower number in <it<Phlox</it< and on both flower number and seed mass in <it<Rosa.</it<</p< <p<Conclusions</p< <p<Meristem removal caused a greater response than defoliation alone in both <it<Phlox</it< and <it<Rosa,</it< which suggests that meristem loss has a greater effect on reproduction. The combination of leaf and meristem removal as well as recruitment limitation by deer, which selectively browse for these species, is likely to be one factor contributing to their low abundance in prairies.</p<
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title_short	Effects of herbivory on the reproductive effort of 4 prairie perennials
url	https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-2-2 https://doaj.org/article/075ffc1cdbea46b3a5f7d4e336e95165 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6785/2/2 https://doaj.org/toc/1472-6785
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Effects of herbivory on the reproductive effort of 4 prairie perennials

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