Surface Characteristics of Milled and 3D Printed Denture Base Materials Following Polishing and Coating: An In-Vitro Study

(1) Background: To date, no information on the polishability of milled and 3D-printed complete denture bases has been provided, which is relevant in terms of plaque accumulation. (2) Methods: three groups (<i<n</i< = 30) were manufactured using the cold-polymerization polymethilmethacril...
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Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Pablo Kraemer Fernandez [verfasserIn] Alexey Unkovskiy [verfasserIn] Viola Benkendorff [verfasserIn] Andrea Klink [verfasserIn] Sebastian Spintzyk [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2020

Schlagwörter:	additive manufacturing digital denture full denture edentualism surface roughness gloss

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Materials - MDPI AG, 2009, 13(2020), 15, p 3305
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:13 ; year:2020 ; number:15, p 3305

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/ma13153305

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ024449679

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allfields	10.3390/ma13153305 doi (DE-627)DOAJ024449679 (DE-599)DOAJcd9886fb5005419a9776bb65d013ce6c DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 TA1-2040 QH201-278.5 QC120-168.85 Pablo Kraemer Fernandez verfasserin aut Surface Characteristics of Milled and 3D Printed Denture Base Materials Following Polishing and Coating: An In-Vitro Study 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier (1) Background: To date, no information on the polishability of milled and 3D-printed complete denture bases has been provided, which is relevant in terms of plaque accumulation. (2) Methods: three groups (<i<n</i< = 30) were manufactured using the cold-polymerization polymethilmethacrilate, milling (SM) and 3D printing (AM). 10 specimens of each group were left untreated (reference). 10 more specimens were pre-polished (intermediate polishing) and 10 final specimens were highgloss polished. An additional 20 specimens were 3D printed and coated with the liquid resin (coated), 10 of which were additionally polished (coated + polished). For each group R<sub<a</sub< and R<sub<z</sub< values, gloss value and REM images were obtained. (3). The “highgloss-polished” specimens showed statistically lower R<sub<a</sub< and R<sub<z</sub< values in the SM, followed by AM and conventional groups. In the AM group statistically lower surfaces roughness was revealed for highgloss-polished, “coated + polished”, and “coated” specimens, respectively. (4) Conclusions: The milled specimens demonstrated superiors surface characteristics than 3D printed and conventionally produced after polishing. The polished specimens demonstrated superior surface characteristics over coated specimens. However, the surface roughness by both polished and coated specimens was within the clinically relevant threshold of 0.2 µm. additive manufacturing digital denture full denture edentualism surface roughness gloss Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Microscopy Descriptive and experimental mechanics Alexey Unkovskiy verfasserin aut Viola Benkendorff verfasserin aut Andrea Klink verfasserin aut Sebastian Spintzyk verfasserin aut In Materials MDPI AG, 2009 13(2020), 15, p 3305 (DE-627)595712649 (DE-600)2487261-1 19961944 nnns volume:13 year:2020 number:15, p 3305 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13153305 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/cd9886fb5005419a9776bb65d013ce6c kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/15/3305 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2020 15, p 3305
spelling	10.3390/ma13153305 doi (DE-627)DOAJ024449679 (DE-599)DOAJcd9886fb5005419a9776bb65d013ce6c DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 TA1-2040 QH201-278.5 QC120-168.85 Pablo Kraemer Fernandez verfasserin aut Surface Characteristics of Milled and 3D Printed Denture Base Materials Following Polishing and Coating: An In-Vitro Study 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier (1) Background: To date, no information on the polishability of milled and 3D-printed complete denture bases has been provided, which is relevant in terms of plaque accumulation. (2) Methods: three groups (<i<n</i< = 30) were manufactured using the cold-polymerization polymethilmethacrilate, milling (SM) and 3D printing (AM). 10 specimens of each group were left untreated (reference). 10 more specimens were pre-polished (intermediate polishing) and 10 final specimens were highgloss polished. An additional 20 specimens were 3D printed and coated with the liquid resin (coated), 10 of which were additionally polished (coated + polished). For each group R<sub<a</sub< and R<sub<z</sub< values, gloss value and REM images were obtained. (3). The “highgloss-polished” specimens showed statistically lower R<sub<a</sub< and R<sub<z</sub< values in the SM, followed by AM and conventional groups. In the AM group statistically lower surfaces roughness was revealed for highgloss-polished, “coated + polished”, and “coated” specimens, respectively. (4) Conclusions: The milled specimens demonstrated superiors surface characteristics than 3D printed and conventionally produced after polishing. The polished specimens demonstrated superior surface characteristics over coated specimens. However, the surface roughness by both polished and coated specimens was within the clinically relevant threshold of 0.2 µm. additive manufacturing digital denture full denture edentualism surface roughness gloss Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Microscopy Descriptive and experimental mechanics Alexey Unkovskiy verfasserin aut Viola Benkendorff verfasserin aut Andrea Klink verfasserin aut Sebastian Spintzyk verfasserin aut In Materials MDPI AG, 2009 13(2020), 15, p 3305 (DE-627)595712649 (DE-600)2487261-1 19961944 nnns volume:13 year:2020 number:15, p 3305 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13153305 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/cd9886fb5005419a9776bb65d013ce6c kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/15/3305 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2020 15, p 3305
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/ma13153305 doi (DE-627)DOAJ024449679 (DE-599)DOAJcd9886fb5005419a9776bb65d013ce6c DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 TA1-2040 QH201-278.5 QC120-168.85 Pablo Kraemer Fernandez verfasserin aut Surface Characteristics of Milled and 3D Printed Denture Base Materials Following Polishing and Coating: An In-Vitro Study 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier (1) Background: To date, no information on the polishability of milled and 3D-printed complete denture bases has been provided, which is relevant in terms of plaque accumulation. (2) Methods: three groups (<i<n</i< = 30) were manufactured using the cold-polymerization polymethilmethacrilate, milling (SM) and 3D printing (AM). 10 specimens of each group were left untreated (reference). 10 more specimens were pre-polished (intermediate polishing) and 10 final specimens were highgloss polished. An additional 20 specimens were 3D printed and coated with the liquid resin (coated), 10 of which were additionally polished (coated + polished). For each group R<sub<a</sub< and R<sub<z</sub< values, gloss value and REM images were obtained. (3). The “highgloss-polished” specimens showed statistically lower R<sub<a</sub< and R<sub<z</sub< values in the SM, followed by AM and conventional groups. In the AM group statistically lower surfaces roughness was revealed for highgloss-polished, “coated + polished”, and “coated” specimens, respectively. (4) Conclusions: The milled specimens demonstrated superiors surface characteristics than 3D printed and conventionally produced after polishing. The polished specimens demonstrated superior surface characteristics over coated specimens. However, the surface roughness by both polished and coated specimens was within the clinically relevant threshold of 0.2 µm. additive manufacturing digital denture full denture edentualism surface roughness gloss Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Microscopy Descriptive and experimental mechanics Alexey Unkovskiy verfasserin aut Viola Benkendorff verfasserin aut Andrea Klink verfasserin aut Sebastian Spintzyk verfasserin aut In Materials MDPI AG, 2009 13(2020), 15, p 3305 (DE-627)595712649 (DE-600)2487261-1 19961944 nnns volume:13 year:2020 number:15, p 3305 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13153305 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/cd9886fb5005419a9776bb65d013ce6c kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/15/3305 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2020 15, p 3305
allfieldsGer	10.3390/ma13153305 doi (DE-627)DOAJ024449679 (DE-599)DOAJcd9886fb5005419a9776bb65d013ce6c DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 TA1-2040 QH201-278.5 QC120-168.85 Pablo Kraemer Fernandez verfasserin aut Surface Characteristics of Milled and 3D Printed Denture Base Materials Following Polishing and Coating: An In-Vitro Study 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier (1) Background: To date, no information on the polishability of milled and 3D-printed complete denture bases has been provided, which is relevant in terms of plaque accumulation. (2) Methods: three groups (<i<n</i< = 30) were manufactured using the cold-polymerization polymethilmethacrilate, milling (SM) and 3D printing (AM). 10 specimens of each group were left untreated (reference). 10 more specimens were pre-polished (intermediate polishing) and 10 final specimens were highgloss polished. An additional 20 specimens were 3D printed and coated with the liquid resin (coated), 10 of which were additionally polished (coated + polished). For each group R<sub<a</sub< and R<sub<z</sub< values, gloss value and REM images were obtained. (3). The “highgloss-polished” specimens showed statistically lower R<sub<a</sub< and R<sub<z</sub< values in the SM, followed by AM and conventional groups. In the AM group statistically lower surfaces roughness was revealed for highgloss-polished, “coated + polished”, and “coated” specimens, respectively. (4) Conclusions: The milled specimens demonstrated superiors surface characteristics than 3D printed and conventionally produced after polishing. The polished specimens demonstrated superior surface characteristics over coated specimens. However, the surface roughness by both polished and coated specimens was within the clinically relevant threshold of 0.2 µm. additive manufacturing digital denture full denture edentualism surface roughness gloss Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Microscopy Descriptive and experimental mechanics Alexey Unkovskiy verfasserin aut Viola Benkendorff verfasserin aut Andrea Klink verfasserin aut Sebastian Spintzyk verfasserin aut In Materials MDPI AG, 2009 13(2020), 15, p 3305 (DE-627)595712649 (DE-600)2487261-1 19961944 nnns volume:13 year:2020 number:15, p 3305 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13153305 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/cd9886fb5005419a9776bb65d013ce6c kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/15/3305 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2020 15, p 3305
allfieldsSound	10.3390/ma13153305 doi (DE-627)DOAJ024449679 (DE-599)DOAJcd9886fb5005419a9776bb65d013ce6c DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 TA1-2040 QH201-278.5 QC120-168.85 Pablo Kraemer Fernandez verfasserin aut Surface Characteristics of Milled and 3D Printed Denture Base Materials Following Polishing and Coating: An In-Vitro Study 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier (1) Background: To date, no information on the polishability of milled and 3D-printed complete denture bases has been provided, which is relevant in terms of plaque accumulation. (2) Methods: three groups (<i<n</i< = 30) were manufactured using the cold-polymerization polymethilmethacrilate, milling (SM) and 3D printing (AM). 10 specimens of each group were left untreated (reference). 10 more specimens were pre-polished (intermediate polishing) and 10 final specimens were highgloss polished. An additional 20 specimens were 3D printed and coated with the liquid resin (coated), 10 of which were additionally polished (coated + polished). For each group R<sub<a</sub< and R<sub<z</sub< values, gloss value and REM images were obtained. (3). The “highgloss-polished” specimens showed statistically lower R<sub<a</sub< and R<sub<z</sub< values in the SM, followed by AM and conventional groups. In the AM group statistically lower surfaces roughness was revealed for highgloss-polished, “coated + polished”, and “coated” specimens, respectively. (4) Conclusions: The milled specimens demonstrated superiors surface characteristics than 3D printed and conventionally produced after polishing. The polished specimens demonstrated superior surface characteristics over coated specimens. However, the surface roughness by both polished and coated specimens was within the clinically relevant threshold of 0.2 µm. additive manufacturing digital denture full denture edentualism surface roughness gloss Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Microscopy Descriptive and experimental mechanics Alexey Unkovskiy verfasserin aut Viola Benkendorff verfasserin aut Andrea Klink verfasserin aut Sebastian Spintzyk verfasserin aut In Materials MDPI AG, 2009 13(2020), 15, p 3305 (DE-627)595712649 (DE-600)2487261-1 19961944 nnns volume:13 year:2020 number:15, p 3305 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13153305 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/cd9886fb5005419a9776bb65d013ce6c kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/15/3305 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2020 15, p 3305
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topic_facet	additive manufacturing digital denture full denture edentualism surface roughness gloss Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Microscopy Descriptive and experimental mechanics
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authorswithroles_txt_mv	Pablo Kraemer Fernandez @@aut@@ Alexey Unkovskiy @@aut@@ Viola Benkendorff @@aut@@ Andrea Klink @@aut@@ Sebastian Spintzyk @@aut@@
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callnumber-first	T - Technology
author	Pablo Kraemer Fernandez
spellingShingle	Pablo Kraemer Fernandez misc TK1-9971 misc TA1-2040 misc QH201-278.5 misc QC120-168.85 misc additive manufacturing misc digital denture misc full denture misc edentualism misc surface roughness misc gloss misc Technology misc T misc Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering misc Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) misc Microscopy misc Descriptive and experimental mechanics Surface Characteristics of Milled and 3D Printed Denture Base Materials Following Polishing and Coating: An In-Vitro Study
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topic_title	TK1-9971 TA1-2040 QH201-278.5 QC120-168.85 Surface Characteristics of Milled and 3D Printed Denture Base Materials Following Polishing and Coating: An In-Vitro Study additive manufacturing digital denture full denture edentualism surface roughness gloss
topic	misc TK1-9971 misc TA1-2040 misc QH201-278.5 misc QC120-168.85 misc additive manufacturing misc digital denture misc full denture misc edentualism misc surface roughness misc gloss misc Technology misc T misc Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering misc Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) misc Microscopy misc Descriptive and experimental mechanics
topic_unstemmed	misc TK1-9971 misc TA1-2040 misc QH201-278.5 misc QC120-168.85 misc additive manufacturing misc digital denture misc full denture misc edentualism misc surface roughness misc gloss misc Technology misc T misc Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering misc Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) misc Microscopy misc Descriptive and experimental mechanics
topic_browse	misc TK1-9971 misc TA1-2040 misc QH201-278.5 misc QC120-168.85 misc additive manufacturing misc digital denture misc full denture misc edentualism misc surface roughness misc gloss misc Technology misc T misc Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering misc Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) misc Microscopy misc Descriptive and experimental mechanics
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title	Surface Characteristics of Milled and 3D Printed Denture Base Materials Following Polishing and Coating: An In-Vitro Study
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title_full	Surface Characteristics of Milled and 3D Printed Denture Base Materials Following Polishing and Coating: An In-Vitro Study
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author_browse	Pablo Kraemer Fernandez Alexey Unkovskiy Viola Benkendorff Andrea Klink Sebastian Spintzyk
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doi_str_mv	10.3390/ma13153305
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title_sort	surface characteristics of milled and 3d printed denture base materials following polishing and coating: an in-vitro study
callnumber	TK1-9971
title_auth	Surface Characteristics of Milled and 3D Printed Denture Base Materials Following Polishing and Coating: An In-Vitro Study
abstract	(1) Background: To date, no information on the polishability of milled and 3D-printed complete denture bases has been provided, which is relevant in terms of plaque accumulation. (2) Methods: three groups (<i<n</i< = 30) were manufactured using the cold-polymerization polymethilmethacrilate, milling (SM) and 3D printing (AM). 10 specimens of each group were left untreated (reference). 10 more specimens were pre-polished (intermediate polishing) and 10 final specimens were highgloss polished. An additional 20 specimens were 3D printed and coated with the liquid resin (coated), 10 of which were additionally polished (coated + polished). For each group R<sub<a</sub< and R<sub<z</sub< values, gloss value and REM images were obtained. (3). The “highgloss-polished” specimens showed statistically lower R<sub<a</sub< and R<sub<z</sub< values in the SM, followed by AM and conventional groups. In the AM group statistically lower surfaces roughness was revealed for highgloss-polished, “coated + polished”, and “coated” specimens, respectively. (4) Conclusions: The milled specimens demonstrated superiors surface characteristics than 3D printed and conventionally produced after polishing. The polished specimens demonstrated superior surface characteristics over coated specimens. However, the surface roughness by both polished and coated specimens was within the clinically relevant threshold of 0.2 µm.
abstractGer	(1) Background: To date, no information on the polishability of milled and 3D-printed complete denture bases has been provided, which is relevant in terms of plaque accumulation. (2) Methods: three groups (<i<n</i< = 30) were manufactured using the cold-polymerization polymethilmethacrilate, milling (SM) and 3D printing (AM). 10 specimens of each group were left untreated (reference). 10 more specimens were pre-polished (intermediate polishing) and 10 final specimens were highgloss polished. An additional 20 specimens were 3D printed and coated with the liquid resin (coated), 10 of which were additionally polished (coated + polished). For each group R<sub<a</sub< and R<sub<z</sub< values, gloss value and REM images were obtained. (3). The “highgloss-polished” specimens showed statistically lower R<sub<a</sub< and R<sub<z</sub< values in the SM, followed by AM and conventional groups. In the AM group statistically lower surfaces roughness was revealed for highgloss-polished, “coated + polished”, and “coated” specimens, respectively. (4) Conclusions: The milled specimens demonstrated superiors surface characteristics than 3D printed and conventionally produced after polishing. The polished specimens demonstrated superior surface characteristics over coated specimens. However, the surface roughness by both polished and coated specimens was within the clinically relevant threshold of 0.2 µm.
abstract_unstemmed	(1) Background: To date, no information on the polishability of milled and 3D-printed complete denture bases has been provided, which is relevant in terms of plaque accumulation. (2) Methods: three groups (<i<n</i< = 30) were manufactured using the cold-polymerization polymethilmethacrilate, milling (SM) and 3D printing (AM). 10 specimens of each group were left untreated (reference). 10 more specimens were pre-polished (intermediate polishing) and 10 final specimens were highgloss polished. An additional 20 specimens were 3D printed and coated with the liquid resin (coated), 10 of which were additionally polished (coated + polished). For each group R<sub<a</sub< and R<sub<z</sub< values, gloss value and REM images were obtained. (3). The “highgloss-polished” specimens showed statistically lower R<sub<a</sub< and R<sub<z</sub< values in the SM, followed by AM and conventional groups. In the AM group statistically lower surfaces roughness was revealed for highgloss-polished, “coated + polished”, and “coated” specimens, respectively. (4) Conclusions: The milled specimens demonstrated superiors surface characteristics than 3D printed and conventionally produced after polishing. The polished specimens demonstrated superior surface characteristics over coated specimens. However, the surface roughness by both polished and coated specimens was within the clinically relevant threshold of 0.2 µm.
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container_issue	15, p 3305
title_short	Surface Characteristics of Milled and 3D Printed Denture Base Materials Following Polishing and Coating: An In-Vitro Study
url	https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13153305 https://doaj.org/article/cd9886fb5005419a9776bb65d013ce6c https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/15/3305 https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944
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up_date	2024-07-03T22:58:36.158Z
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(2) Methods: three groups (<i<n</i< = 30) were manufactured using the cold-polymerization polymethilmethacrilate, milling (SM) and 3D printing (AM). 10 specimens of each group were left untreated (reference). 10 more specimens were pre-polished (intermediate polishing) and 10 final specimens were highgloss polished. An additional 20 specimens were 3D printed and coated with the liquid resin (coated), 10 of which were additionally polished (coated + polished). For each group R<sub<a</sub< and R<sub<z</sub< values, gloss value and REM images were obtained. (3). The “highgloss-polished” specimens showed statistically lower R<sub<a</sub< and R<sub<z</sub< values in the SM, followed by AM and conventional groups. In the AM group statistically lower surfaces roughness was revealed for highgloss-polished, “coated + polished”, and “coated” specimens, respectively. (4) Conclusions: The milled specimens demonstrated superiors surface characteristics than 3D printed and conventionally produced after polishing. The polished specimens demonstrated superior surface characteristics over coated specimens. 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Surface Characteristics of Milled and 3D Printed Denture Base Materials Following Polishing and Coating: An In-Vitro Study

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