Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analyses of the 4-Coumarate: CoA Ligase (<i<4CL</i<) Gene Family in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i<

4-Coumarate: coenzyme A ligase (<i<4CL</i<) is an important rate-limiting enzyme in phenylpropanoid metabolism that plays an important role in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, lignin and other secondary metabolites in plants. However, the family members and functions have...
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Autor*in:	Jian Zhong [verfasserIn] Jun Qing [verfasserIn] Qi Wang [verfasserIn] Chenlu Liu [verfasserIn] Hongyan Du [verfasserIn] Panfeng Liu [verfasserIn] Qingxin Du [verfasserIn] Lanying Du [verfasserIn] Lu Wang [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2022

Schlagwörter:	chlorogenic acid bioinformatic analysis secondary metabolites

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Forests - MDPI AG, 2010, 13(2022), 8, p 1253
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:13 ; year:2022 ; number:8, p 1253

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/f13081253

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ024463663

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allfields	10.3390/f13081253 doi (DE-627)DOAJ024463663 (DE-599)DOAJffa979323c7a402eac24dd9c1de57876 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QK900-989 Jian Zhong verfasserin aut Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analyses of the 4-Coumarate: CoA Ligase (<i<4CL</i<) Gene Family in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier 4-Coumarate: coenzyme A ligase (<i<4CL</i<) is an important rate-limiting enzyme in phenylpropanoid metabolism that plays an important role in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, lignin and other secondary metabolites in plants. However, the family members and functions have not been identified in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< (<i<E. ulmoides</i<). In this study, 35 Eu4CLs were identified in the <i<E. ulmoides</i< genome, and the gene structure, conserved domain, evolutionary relationship and expression pattern were comprehensively analyzed. The results show that 35 Eu4CLs were assembled into three subgroups according to the classification in Arabidopsis, where Eu4CLs in the same subgroup had similar gene structures and conserved protein motifs. Putative cis-element analysis of Eu4CL promoter regions uncovered numerous elements related to the response of stress and plant hormones. Expression patterns showed that Eu4CL4/5/13/34 expression levels were positively related to chlorogenic acid content in different periods, which indicate that the synthesis of chlorogenic acid in <i<E. ulmoides</i< was regulated by multiple genes, and the genes regulating the synthesis of chlorogenic acid in different tissues were different. In addition, nine selected Eu4CL genes showed different expression patterns under cold, WeJA (methyl jasmonate), and ethylene by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay, suggesting that Eu4CL genes not only play an important role in the synthesis of chlorogenic acid, but also plays an important role in the process of biotic and abiotic stress. Taken together, these findings provide theoretical reference for further exploring the molecular characteristics and biological functions of Eu4CL genes. <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< <i<4CL</i< gene family chlorogenic acid bioinformatic analysis secondary metabolites Plant ecology Jun Qing verfasserin aut Qi Wang verfasserin aut Chenlu Liu verfasserin aut Hongyan Du verfasserin aut Panfeng Liu verfasserin aut Qingxin Du verfasserin aut Lanying Du verfasserin aut Lu Wang verfasserin aut In Forests MDPI AG, 2010 13(2022), 8, p 1253 (DE-627)614095689 (DE-600)2527081-3 19994907 nnns volume:13 year:2022 number:8, p 1253 https://doi.org/10.3390/f13081253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ffa979323c7a402eac24dd9c1de57876 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/8/1253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4907 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2022 8, p 1253
spelling	10.3390/f13081253 doi (DE-627)DOAJ024463663 (DE-599)DOAJffa979323c7a402eac24dd9c1de57876 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QK900-989 Jian Zhong verfasserin aut Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analyses of the 4-Coumarate: CoA Ligase (<i<4CL</i<) Gene Family in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier 4-Coumarate: coenzyme A ligase (<i<4CL</i<) is an important rate-limiting enzyme in phenylpropanoid metabolism that plays an important role in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, lignin and other secondary metabolites in plants. However, the family members and functions have not been identified in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< (<i<E. ulmoides</i<). In this study, 35 Eu4CLs were identified in the <i<E. ulmoides</i< genome, and the gene structure, conserved domain, evolutionary relationship and expression pattern were comprehensively analyzed. The results show that 35 Eu4CLs were assembled into three subgroups according to the classification in Arabidopsis, where Eu4CLs in the same subgroup had similar gene structures and conserved protein motifs. Putative cis-element analysis of Eu4CL promoter regions uncovered numerous elements related to the response of stress and plant hormones. Expression patterns showed that Eu4CL4/5/13/34 expression levels were positively related to chlorogenic acid content in different periods, which indicate that the synthesis of chlorogenic acid in <i<E. ulmoides</i< was regulated by multiple genes, and the genes regulating the synthesis of chlorogenic acid in different tissues were different. In addition, nine selected Eu4CL genes showed different expression patterns under cold, WeJA (methyl jasmonate), and ethylene by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay, suggesting that Eu4CL genes not only play an important role in the synthesis of chlorogenic acid, but also plays an important role in the process of biotic and abiotic stress. Taken together, these findings provide theoretical reference for further exploring the molecular characteristics and biological functions of Eu4CL genes. <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< <i<4CL</i< gene family chlorogenic acid bioinformatic analysis secondary metabolites Plant ecology Jun Qing verfasserin aut Qi Wang verfasserin aut Chenlu Liu verfasserin aut Hongyan Du verfasserin aut Panfeng Liu verfasserin aut Qingxin Du verfasserin aut Lanying Du verfasserin aut Lu Wang verfasserin aut In Forests MDPI AG, 2010 13(2022), 8, p 1253 (DE-627)614095689 (DE-600)2527081-3 19994907 nnns volume:13 year:2022 number:8, p 1253 https://doi.org/10.3390/f13081253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ffa979323c7a402eac24dd9c1de57876 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/8/1253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4907 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2022 8, p 1253
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/f13081253 doi (DE-627)DOAJ024463663 (DE-599)DOAJffa979323c7a402eac24dd9c1de57876 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QK900-989 Jian Zhong verfasserin aut Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analyses of the 4-Coumarate: CoA Ligase (<i<4CL</i<) Gene Family in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier 4-Coumarate: coenzyme A ligase (<i<4CL</i<) is an important rate-limiting enzyme in phenylpropanoid metabolism that plays an important role in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, lignin and other secondary metabolites in plants. However, the family members and functions have not been identified in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< (<i<E. ulmoides</i<). In this study, 35 Eu4CLs were identified in the <i<E. ulmoides</i< genome, and the gene structure, conserved domain, evolutionary relationship and expression pattern were comprehensively analyzed. The results show that 35 Eu4CLs were assembled into three subgroups according to the classification in Arabidopsis, where Eu4CLs in the same subgroup had similar gene structures and conserved protein motifs. Putative cis-element analysis of Eu4CL promoter regions uncovered numerous elements related to the response of stress and plant hormones. Expression patterns showed that Eu4CL4/5/13/34 expression levels were positively related to chlorogenic acid content in different periods, which indicate that the synthesis of chlorogenic acid in <i<E. ulmoides</i< was regulated by multiple genes, and the genes regulating the synthesis of chlorogenic acid in different tissues were different. In addition, nine selected Eu4CL genes showed different expression patterns under cold, WeJA (methyl jasmonate), and ethylene by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay, suggesting that Eu4CL genes not only play an important role in the synthesis of chlorogenic acid, but also plays an important role in the process of biotic and abiotic stress. Taken together, these findings provide theoretical reference for further exploring the molecular characteristics and biological functions of Eu4CL genes. <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< <i<4CL</i< gene family chlorogenic acid bioinformatic analysis secondary metabolites Plant ecology Jun Qing verfasserin aut Qi Wang verfasserin aut Chenlu Liu verfasserin aut Hongyan Du verfasserin aut Panfeng Liu verfasserin aut Qingxin Du verfasserin aut Lanying Du verfasserin aut Lu Wang verfasserin aut In Forests MDPI AG, 2010 13(2022), 8, p 1253 (DE-627)614095689 (DE-600)2527081-3 19994907 nnns volume:13 year:2022 number:8, p 1253 https://doi.org/10.3390/f13081253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ffa979323c7a402eac24dd9c1de57876 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/8/1253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4907 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2022 8, p 1253
allfieldsGer	10.3390/f13081253 doi (DE-627)DOAJ024463663 (DE-599)DOAJffa979323c7a402eac24dd9c1de57876 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QK900-989 Jian Zhong verfasserin aut Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analyses of the 4-Coumarate: CoA Ligase (<i<4CL</i<) Gene Family in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier 4-Coumarate: coenzyme A ligase (<i<4CL</i<) is an important rate-limiting enzyme in phenylpropanoid metabolism that plays an important role in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, lignin and other secondary metabolites in plants. However, the family members and functions have not been identified in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< (<i<E. ulmoides</i<). In this study, 35 Eu4CLs were identified in the <i<E. ulmoides</i< genome, and the gene structure, conserved domain, evolutionary relationship and expression pattern were comprehensively analyzed. The results show that 35 Eu4CLs were assembled into three subgroups according to the classification in Arabidopsis, where Eu4CLs in the same subgroup had similar gene structures and conserved protein motifs. Putative cis-element analysis of Eu4CL promoter regions uncovered numerous elements related to the response of stress and plant hormones. Expression patterns showed that Eu4CL4/5/13/34 expression levels were positively related to chlorogenic acid content in different periods, which indicate that the synthesis of chlorogenic acid in <i<E. ulmoides</i< was regulated by multiple genes, and the genes regulating the synthesis of chlorogenic acid in different tissues were different. In addition, nine selected Eu4CL genes showed different expression patterns under cold, WeJA (methyl jasmonate), and ethylene by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay, suggesting that Eu4CL genes not only play an important role in the synthesis of chlorogenic acid, but also plays an important role in the process of biotic and abiotic stress. Taken together, these findings provide theoretical reference for further exploring the molecular characteristics and biological functions of Eu4CL genes. <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< <i<4CL</i< gene family chlorogenic acid bioinformatic analysis secondary metabolites Plant ecology Jun Qing verfasserin aut Qi Wang verfasserin aut Chenlu Liu verfasserin aut Hongyan Du verfasserin aut Panfeng Liu verfasserin aut Qingxin Du verfasserin aut Lanying Du verfasserin aut Lu Wang verfasserin aut In Forests MDPI AG, 2010 13(2022), 8, p 1253 (DE-627)614095689 (DE-600)2527081-3 19994907 nnns volume:13 year:2022 number:8, p 1253 https://doi.org/10.3390/f13081253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ffa979323c7a402eac24dd9c1de57876 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/8/1253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4907 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2022 8, p 1253
allfieldsSound	10.3390/f13081253 doi (DE-627)DOAJ024463663 (DE-599)DOAJffa979323c7a402eac24dd9c1de57876 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QK900-989 Jian Zhong verfasserin aut Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analyses of the 4-Coumarate: CoA Ligase (<i<4CL</i<) Gene Family in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier 4-Coumarate: coenzyme A ligase (<i<4CL</i<) is an important rate-limiting enzyme in phenylpropanoid metabolism that plays an important role in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, lignin and other secondary metabolites in plants. However, the family members and functions have not been identified in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< (<i<E. ulmoides</i<). In this study, 35 Eu4CLs were identified in the <i<E. ulmoides</i< genome, and the gene structure, conserved domain, evolutionary relationship and expression pattern were comprehensively analyzed. The results show that 35 Eu4CLs were assembled into three subgroups according to the classification in Arabidopsis, where Eu4CLs in the same subgroup had similar gene structures and conserved protein motifs. Putative cis-element analysis of Eu4CL promoter regions uncovered numerous elements related to the response of stress and plant hormones. Expression patterns showed that Eu4CL4/5/13/34 expression levels were positively related to chlorogenic acid content in different periods, which indicate that the synthesis of chlorogenic acid in <i<E. ulmoides</i< was regulated by multiple genes, and the genes regulating the synthesis of chlorogenic acid in different tissues were different. In addition, nine selected Eu4CL genes showed different expression patterns under cold, WeJA (methyl jasmonate), and ethylene by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay, suggesting that Eu4CL genes not only play an important role in the synthesis of chlorogenic acid, but also plays an important role in the process of biotic and abiotic stress. Taken together, these findings provide theoretical reference for further exploring the molecular characteristics and biological functions of Eu4CL genes. <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< <i<4CL</i< gene family chlorogenic acid bioinformatic analysis secondary metabolites Plant ecology Jun Qing verfasserin aut Qi Wang verfasserin aut Chenlu Liu verfasserin aut Hongyan Du verfasserin aut Panfeng Liu verfasserin aut Qingxin Du verfasserin aut Lanying Du verfasserin aut Lu Wang verfasserin aut In Forests MDPI AG, 2010 13(2022), 8, p 1253 (DE-627)614095689 (DE-600)2527081-3 19994907 nnns volume:13 year:2022 number:8, p 1253 https://doi.org/10.3390/f13081253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ffa979323c7a402eac24dd9c1de57876 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/8/1253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4907 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2022 8, p 1253
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callnumber-first	Q - Science
author	Jian Zhong
spellingShingle	Jian Zhong misc QK900-989 misc <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< misc <i<4CL</i< gene family misc chlorogenic acid misc bioinformatic analysis misc secondary metabolites misc Plant ecology Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analyses of the 4-Coumarate: CoA Ligase (<i<4CL</i<) Gene Family in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i<
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topic_title	QK900-989 Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analyses of the 4-Coumarate: CoA Ligase (<i<4CL</i<) Gene Family in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< <i<4CL</i< gene family chlorogenic acid bioinformatic analysis secondary metabolites
topic	misc QK900-989 misc <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< misc <i<4CL</i< gene family misc chlorogenic acid misc bioinformatic analysis misc secondary metabolites misc Plant ecology
topic_unstemmed	misc QK900-989 misc <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< misc <i<4CL</i< gene family misc chlorogenic acid misc bioinformatic analysis misc secondary metabolites misc Plant ecology
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title	Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analyses of the 4-Coumarate: CoA Ligase (<i<4CL</i<) Gene Family in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i<
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title_full	Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analyses of the 4-Coumarate: CoA Ligase (<i<4CL</i<) Gene Family in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i<
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author_browse	Jian Zhong Jun Qing Qi Wang Chenlu Liu Hongyan Du Panfeng Liu Qingxin Du Lanying Du Lu Wang
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title_sort	genome-wide identification and expression analyses of the 4-coumarate: coa ligase (<i<4cl</i<) gene family in <i<eucommia ulmoides</i<
callnumber	QK900-989
title_auth	Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analyses of the 4-Coumarate: CoA Ligase (<i<4CL</i<) Gene Family in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i<
abstract	4-Coumarate: coenzyme A ligase (<i<4CL</i<) is an important rate-limiting enzyme in phenylpropanoid metabolism that plays an important role in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, lignin and other secondary metabolites in plants. However, the family members and functions have not been identified in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< (<i<E. ulmoides</i<). In this study, 35 Eu4CLs were identified in the <i<E. ulmoides</i< genome, and the gene structure, conserved domain, evolutionary relationship and expression pattern were comprehensively analyzed. The results show that 35 Eu4CLs were assembled into three subgroups according to the classification in Arabidopsis, where Eu4CLs in the same subgroup had similar gene structures and conserved protein motifs. Putative cis-element analysis of Eu4CL promoter regions uncovered numerous elements related to the response of stress and plant hormones. Expression patterns showed that Eu4CL4/5/13/34 expression levels were positively related to chlorogenic acid content in different periods, which indicate that the synthesis of chlorogenic acid in <i<E. ulmoides</i< was regulated by multiple genes, and the genes regulating the synthesis of chlorogenic acid in different tissues were different. In addition, nine selected Eu4CL genes showed different expression patterns under cold, WeJA (methyl jasmonate), and ethylene by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay, suggesting that Eu4CL genes not only play an important role in the synthesis of chlorogenic acid, but also plays an important role in the process of biotic and abiotic stress. Taken together, these findings provide theoretical reference for further exploring the molecular characteristics and biological functions of Eu4CL genes.
abstractGer	4-Coumarate: coenzyme A ligase (<i<4CL</i<) is an important rate-limiting enzyme in phenylpropanoid metabolism that plays an important role in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, lignin and other secondary metabolites in plants. However, the family members and functions have not been identified in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< (<i<E. ulmoides</i<). In this study, 35 Eu4CLs were identified in the <i<E. ulmoides</i< genome, and the gene structure, conserved domain, evolutionary relationship and expression pattern were comprehensively analyzed. The results show that 35 Eu4CLs were assembled into three subgroups according to the classification in Arabidopsis, where Eu4CLs in the same subgroup had similar gene structures and conserved protein motifs. Putative cis-element analysis of Eu4CL promoter regions uncovered numerous elements related to the response of stress and plant hormones. Expression patterns showed that Eu4CL4/5/13/34 expression levels were positively related to chlorogenic acid content in different periods, which indicate that the synthesis of chlorogenic acid in <i<E. ulmoides</i< was regulated by multiple genes, and the genes regulating the synthesis of chlorogenic acid in different tissues were different. In addition, nine selected Eu4CL genes showed different expression patterns under cold, WeJA (methyl jasmonate), and ethylene by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay, suggesting that Eu4CL genes not only play an important role in the synthesis of chlorogenic acid, but also plays an important role in the process of biotic and abiotic stress. Taken together, these findings provide theoretical reference for further exploring the molecular characteristics and biological functions of Eu4CL genes.
abstract_unstemmed	4-Coumarate: coenzyme A ligase (<i<4CL</i<) is an important rate-limiting enzyme in phenylpropanoid metabolism that plays an important role in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, lignin and other secondary metabolites in plants. However, the family members and functions have not been identified in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i< (<i<E. ulmoides</i<). In this study, 35 Eu4CLs were identified in the <i<E. ulmoides</i< genome, and the gene structure, conserved domain, evolutionary relationship and expression pattern were comprehensively analyzed. The results show that 35 Eu4CLs were assembled into three subgroups according to the classification in Arabidopsis, where Eu4CLs in the same subgroup had similar gene structures and conserved protein motifs. Putative cis-element analysis of Eu4CL promoter regions uncovered numerous elements related to the response of stress and plant hormones. Expression patterns showed that Eu4CL4/5/13/34 expression levels were positively related to chlorogenic acid content in different periods, which indicate that the synthesis of chlorogenic acid in <i<E. ulmoides</i< was regulated by multiple genes, and the genes regulating the synthesis of chlorogenic acid in different tissues were different. In addition, nine selected Eu4CL genes showed different expression patterns under cold, WeJA (methyl jasmonate), and ethylene by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay, suggesting that Eu4CL genes not only play an important role in the synthesis of chlorogenic acid, but also plays an important role in the process of biotic and abiotic stress. Taken together, these findings provide theoretical reference for further exploring the molecular characteristics and biological functions of Eu4CL genes.
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title_short	Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analyses of the 4-Coumarate: CoA Ligase (<i<4CL</i<) Gene Family in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i<
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Expression patterns showed that Eu4CL4/5/13/34 expression levels were positively related to chlorogenic acid content in different periods, which indicate that the synthesis of chlorogenic acid in <i<E. ulmoides</i< was regulated by multiple genes, and the genes regulating the synthesis of chlorogenic acid in different tissues were different. In addition, nine selected Eu4CL genes showed different expression patterns under cold, WeJA (methyl jasmonate), and ethylene by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay, suggesting that Eu4CL genes not only play an important role in the synthesis of chlorogenic acid, but also plays an important role in the process of biotic and abiotic stress. 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Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analyses of the 4-Coumarate: CoA Ligase (<i<4CL</i<) Gene Family in <i<Eucommia ulmoides</i<

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