Minor Actinides Transmutation Performance in a Closed Th–U Cycle Based on Molten Chloride Salt Fast Reactor

The molten chloride salt fast reactor (MCFR) with a closed Th–U fuel cycle is receiving more and more attention due to its excellent performance, such as high solubility of actinides, superior breeding capacity, and good inherent safety. In this work, the neutronics performances for different minor actinides (MA) loadings and operation modes are analyzed and discussed based on an optimized MCFR. The results indicate that online continuous reprocessing can significantly increase the transmutation performance of MAs. In addition, MA loadings have an obvious effect on the neutronics characteristics of the MCFR, and it is helpful for improving the MA transmutation capability and <sup<233</sup<U breeding performance, simultaneously. When MA = 5 mol%, the average annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can achieve about 53 kg and 13 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of <sup<233</sup<U is 250 kg. When MA = 33.5 mol%, the annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can be about 310 kg and 77 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of <sup<233</sup<U is 349 kg. However, when the MA loadings exceed 10%, the corresponding <i<k</i<<sub<eff</sub< will exceed 1.1 for decades, even if only Th is continuously fed online. The results also indicate that the transmutation ratio (TR) and incineration ratio (IR) of MA increase and reach maximum values in the first decades for all the different MA loadings, which means MA may be fed into the fuel salt to improve its transmutation capability. Moreover, though MA loading will increase the level of radiotoxicity of the core in the early stage of burnup, the radiotoxicity of MA will drop rapidly after a brief rise during the operation. It can also be found that the temperature coefficient of reactivity (TCR) of all different MA loadings can be negative enough to maintain the safety of the MCFR during the whole operation, although it decreases in the beginning of life (BOL) with the increasing MA loading. Furthermore, the evolution of an effective delayed neutron fraction (EDNF) is also researched and discussed, and the EDNF varies most significantly when loading MA = 35.5 mol%, with a range of 273 to 310 pcm over the entire 100 years of operation. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Liaoyuan He [verfasserIn] Liang Chen [verfasserIn] Yong Cui [verfasserIn] Shaopeng Xia [verfasserIn] Yang Zou [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2022

Schlagwörter:	molten chloride salt fast reactor Th–U cycle breeding performance MA transmutation online reprocessing

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Materials - MDPI AG, 2009, 15(2022), 23, p 8555
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:15 ; year:2022 ; number:23, p 8555

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/ma15238555

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ025557033

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allfields	10.3390/ma15238555 doi (DE-627)DOAJ025557033 (DE-599)DOAJ812550a42b4c4d83bc46599e61ffa343 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 TA1-2040 QH201-278.5 QC120-168.85 Liaoyuan He verfasserin aut Minor Actinides Transmutation Performance in a Closed Th–U Cycle Based on Molten Chloride Salt Fast Reactor 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The molten chloride salt fast reactor (MCFR) with a closed Th–U fuel cycle is receiving more and more attention due to its excellent performance, such as high solubility of actinides, superior breeding capacity, and good inherent safety. In this work, the neutronics performances for different minor actinides (MA) loadings and operation modes are analyzed and discussed based on an optimized MCFR. The results indicate that online continuous reprocessing can significantly increase the transmutation performance of MAs. In addition, MA loadings have an obvious effect on the neutronics characteristics of the MCFR, and it is helpful for improving the MA transmutation capability and <sup<233</sup<U breeding performance, simultaneously. When MA = 5 mol%, the average annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can achieve about 53 kg and 13 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of <sup<233</sup<U is 250 kg. When MA = 33.5 mol%, the annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can be about 310 kg and 77 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of <sup<233</sup<U is 349 kg. However, when the MA loadings exceed 10%, the corresponding <i<k</i<<sub<eff</sub< will exceed 1.1 for decades, even if only Th is continuously fed online. The results also indicate that the transmutation ratio (TR) and incineration ratio (IR) of MA increase and reach maximum values in the first decades for all the different MA loadings, which means MA may be fed into the fuel salt to improve its transmutation capability. Moreover, though MA loading will increase the level of radiotoxicity of the core in the early stage of burnup, the radiotoxicity of MA will drop rapidly after a brief rise during the operation. It can also be found that the temperature coefficient of reactivity (TCR) of all different MA loadings can be negative enough to maintain the safety of the MCFR during the whole operation, although it decreases in the beginning of life (BOL) with the increasing MA loading. Furthermore, the evolution of an effective delayed neutron fraction (EDNF) is also researched and discussed, and the EDNF varies most significantly when loading MA = 35.5 mol%, with a range of 273 to 310 pcm over the entire 100 years of operation. molten chloride salt fast reactor Th–U cycle breeding performance MA transmutation online reprocessing Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Microscopy Descriptive and experimental mechanics Liang Chen verfasserin aut Yong Cui verfasserin aut Shaopeng Xia verfasserin aut Yang Zou verfasserin aut In Materials MDPI AG, 2009 15(2022), 23, p 8555 (DE-627)595712649 (DE-600)2487261-1 19961944 nnns volume:15 year:2022 number:23, p 8555 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15238555 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/812550a42b4c4d83bc46599e61ffa343 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/23/8555 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2022 23, p 8555
spelling	10.3390/ma15238555 doi (DE-627)DOAJ025557033 (DE-599)DOAJ812550a42b4c4d83bc46599e61ffa343 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 TA1-2040 QH201-278.5 QC120-168.85 Liaoyuan He verfasserin aut Minor Actinides Transmutation Performance in a Closed Th–U Cycle Based on Molten Chloride Salt Fast Reactor 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The molten chloride salt fast reactor (MCFR) with a closed Th–U fuel cycle is receiving more and more attention due to its excellent performance, such as high solubility of actinides, superior breeding capacity, and good inherent safety. In this work, the neutronics performances for different minor actinides (MA) loadings and operation modes are analyzed and discussed based on an optimized MCFR. The results indicate that online continuous reprocessing can significantly increase the transmutation performance of MAs. In addition, MA loadings have an obvious effect on the neutronics characteristics of the MCFR, and it is helpful for improving the MA transmutation capability and <sup<233</sup<U breeding performance, simultaneously. When MA = 5 mol%, the average annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can achieve about 53 kg and 13 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of <sup<233</sup<U is 250 kg. When MA = 33.5 mol%, the annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can be about 310 kg and 77 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of <sup<233</sup<U is 349 kg. However, when the MA loadings exceed 10%, the corresponding <i<k</i<<sub<eff</sub< will exceed 1.1 for decades, even if only Th is continuously fed online. The results also indicate that the transmutation ratio (TR) and incineration ratio (IR) of MA increase and reach maximum values in the first decades for all the different MA loadings, which means MA may be fed into the fuel salt to improve its transmutation capability. Moreover, though MA loading will increase the level of radiotoxicity of the core in the early stage of burnup, the radiotoxicity of MA will drop rapidly after a brief rise during the operation. It can also be found that the temperature coefficient of reactivity (TCR) of all different MA loadings can be negative enough to maintain the safety of the MCFR during the whole operation, although it decreases in the beginning of life (BOL) with the increasing MA loading. Furthermore, the evolution of an effective delayed neutron fraction (EDNF) is also researched and discussed, and the EDNF varies most significantly when loading MA = 35.5 mol%, with a range of 273 to 310 pcm over the entire 100 years of operation. molten chloride salt fast reactor Th–U cycle breeding performance MA transmutation online reprocessing Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Microscopy Descriptive and experimental mechanics Liang Chen verfasserin aut Yong Cui verfasserin aut Shaopeng Xia verfasserin aut Yang Zou verfasserin aut In Materials MDPI AG, 2009 15(2022), 23, p 8555 (DE-627)595712649 (DE-600)2487261-1 19961944 nnns volume:15 year:2022 number:23, p 8555 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15238555 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/812550a42b4c4d83bc46599e61ffa343 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/23/8555 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2022 23, p 8555
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/ma15238555 doi (DE-627)DOAJ025557033 (DE-599)DOAJ812550a42b4c4d83bc46599e61ffa343 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 TA1-2040 QH201-278.5 QC120-168.85 Liaoyuan He verfasserin aut Minor Actinides Transmutation Performance in a Closed Th–U Cycle Based on Molten Chloride Salt Fast Reactor 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The molten chloride salt fast reactor (MCFR) with a closed Th–U fuel cycle is receiving more and more attention due to its excellent performance, such as high solubility of actinides, superior breeding capacity, and good inherent safety. In this work, the neutronics performances for different minor actinides (MA) loadings and operation modes are analyzed and discussed based on an optimized MCFR. The results indicate that online continuous reprocessing can significantly increase the transmutation performance of MAs. In addition, MA loadings have an obvious effect on the neutronics characteristics of the MCFR, and it is helpful for improving the MA transmutation capability and <sup<233</sup<U breeding performance, simultaneously. When MA = 5 mol%, the average annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can achieve about 53 kg and 13 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of <sup<233</sup<U is 250 kg. When MA = 33.5 mol%, the annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can be about 310 kg and 77 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of <sup<233</sup<U is 349 kg. However, when the MA loadings exceed 10%, the corresponding <i<k</i<<sub<eff</sub< will exceed 1.1 for decades, even if only Th is continuously fed online. The results also indicate that the transmutation ratio (TR) and incineration ratio (IR) of MA increase and reach maximum values in the first decades for all the different MA loadings, which means MA may be fed into the fuel salt to improve its transmutation capability. Moreover, though MA loading will increase the level of radiotoxicity of the core in the early stage of burnup, the radiotoxicity of MA will drop rapidly after a brief rise during the operation. It can also be found that the temperature coefficient of reactivity (TCR) of all different MA loadings can be negative enough to maintain the safety of the MCFR during the whole operation, although it decreases in the beginning of life (BOL) with the increasing MA loading. Furthermore, the evolution of an effective delayed neutron fraction (EDNF) is also researched and discussed, and the EDNF varies most significantly when loading MA = 35.5 mol%, with a range of 273 to 310 pcm over the entire 100 years of operation. molten chloride salt fast reactor Th–U cycle breeding performance MA transmutation online reprocessing Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Microscopy Descriptive and experimental mechanics Liang Chen verfasserin aut Yong Cui verfasserin aut Shaopeng Xia verfasserin aut Yang Zou verfasserin aut In Materials MDPI AG, 2009 15(2022), 23, p 8555 (DE-627)595712649 (DE-600)2487261-1 19961944 nnns volume:15 year:2022 number:23, p 8555 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15238555 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/812550a42b4c4d83bc46599e61ffa343 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/23/8555 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2022 23, p 8555
allfieldsGer	10.3390/ma15238555 doi (DE-627)DOAJ025557033 (DE-599)DOAJ812550a42b4c4d83bc46599e61ffa343 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 TA1-2040 QH201-278.5 QC120-168.85 Liaoyuan He verfasserin aut Minor Actinides Transmutation Performance in a Closed Th–U Cycle Based on Molten Chloride Salt Fast Reactor 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The molten chloride salt fast reactor (MCFR) with a closed Th–U fuel cycle is receiving more and more attention due to its excellent performance, such as high solubility of actinides, superior breeding capacity, and good inherent safety. In this work, the neutronics performances for different minor actinides (MA) loadings and operation modes are analyzed and discussed based on an optimized MCFR. The results indicate that online continuous reprocessing can significantly increase the transmutation performance of MAs. In addition, MA loadings have an obvious effect on the neutronics characteristics of the MCFR, and it is helpful for improving the MA transmutation capability and <sup<233</sup<U breeding performance, simultaneously. When MA = 5 mol%, the average annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can achieve about 53 kg and 13 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of <sup<233</sup<U is 250 kg. When MA = 33.5 mol%, the annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can be about 310 kg and 77 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of <sup<233</sup<U is 349 kg. However, when the MA loadings exceed 10%, the corresponding <i<k</i<<sub<eff</sub< will exceed 1.1 for decades, even if only Th is continuously fed online. The results also indicate that the transmutation ratio (TR) and incineration ratio (IR) of MA increase and reach maximum values in the first decades for all the different MA loadings, which means MA may be fed into the fuel salt to improve its transmutation capability. Moreover, though MA loading will increase the level of radiotoxicity of the core in the early stage of burnup, the radiotoxicity of MA will drop rapidly after a brief rise during the operation. It can also be found that the temperature coefficient of reactivity (TCR) of all different MA loadings can be negative enough to maintain the safety of the MCFR during the whole operation, although it decreases in the beginning of life (BOL) with the increasing MA loading. Furthermore, the evolution of an effective delayed neutron fraction (EDNF) is also researched and discussed, and the EDNF varies most significantly when loading MA = 35.5 mol%, with a range of 273 to 310 pcm over the entire 100 years of operation. molten chloride salt fast reactor Th–U cycle breeding performance MA transmutation online reprocessing Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Microscopy Descriptive and experimental mechanics Liang Chen verfasserin aut Yong Cui verfasserin aut Shaopeng Xia verfasserin aut Yang Zou verfasserin aut In Materials MDPI AG, 2009 15(2022), 23, p 8555 (DE-627)595712649 (DE-600)2487261-1 19961944 nnns volume:15 year:2022 number:23, p 8555 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15238555 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/812550a42b4c4d83bc46599e61ffa343 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/23/8555 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2022 23, p 8555
allfieldsSound	10.3390/ma15238555 doi (DE-627)DOAJ025557033 (DE-599)DOAJ812550a42b4c4d83bc46599e61ffa343 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 TA1-2040 QH201-278.5 QC120-168.85 Liaoyuan He verfasserin aut Minor Actinides Transmutation Performance in a Closed Th–U Cycle Based on Molten Chloride Salt Fast Reactor 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The molten chloride salt fast reactor (MCFR) with a closed Th–U fuel cycle is receiving more and more attention due to its excellent performance, such as high solubility of actinides, superior breeding capacity, and good inherent safety. In this work, the neutronics performances for different minor actinides (MA) loadings and operation modes are analyzed and discussed based on an optimized MCFR. The results indicate that online continuous reprocessing can significantly increase the transmutation performance of MAs. In addition, MA loadings have an obvious effect on the neutronics characteristics of the MCFR, and it is helpful for improving the MA transmutation capability and <sup<233</sup<U breeding performance, simultaneously. When MA = 5 mol%, the average annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can achieve about 53 kg and 13 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of <sup<233</sup<U is 250 kg. When MA = 33.5 mol%, the annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can be about 310 kg and 77 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of <sup<233</sup<U is 349 kg. However, when the MA loadings exceed 10%, the corresponding <i<k</i<<sub<eff</sub< will exceed 1.1 for decades, even if only Th is continuously fed online. The results also indicate that the transmutation ratio (TR) and incineration ratio (IR) of MA increase and reach maximum values in the first decades for all the different MA loadings, which means MA may be fed into the fuel salt to improve its transmutation capability. Moreover, though MA loading will increase the level of radiotoxicity of the core in the early stage of burnup, the radiotoxicity of MA will drop rapidly after a brief rise during the operation. It can also be found that the temperature coefficient of reactivity (TCR) of all different MA loadings can be negative enough to maintain the safety of the MCFR during the whole operation, although it decreases in the beginning of life (BOL) with the increasing MA loading. Furthermore, the evolution of an effective delayed neutron fraction (EDNF) is also researched and discussed, and the EDNF varies most significantly when loading MA = 35.5 mol%, with a range of 273 to 310 pcm over the entire 100 years of operation. molten chloride salt fast reactor Th–U cycle breeding performance MA transmutation online reprocessing Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Microscopy Descriptive and experimental mechanics Liang Chen verfasserin aut Yong Cui verfasserin aut Shaopeng Xia verfasserin aut Yang Zou verfasserin aut In Materials MDPI AG, 2009 15(2022), 23, p 8555 (DE-627)595712649 (DE-600)2487261-1 19961944 nnns volume:15 year:2022 number:23, p 8555 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15238555 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/812550a42b4c4d83bc46599e61ffa343 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/23/8555 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2022 23, p 8555
language	English
source	In Materials 15(2022), 23, p 8555 volume:15 year:2022 number:23, p 8555
sourceStr	In Materials 15(2022), 23, p 8555 volume:15 year:2022 number:23, p 8555
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	molten chloride salt fast reactor Th–U cycle breeding performance MA transmutation online reprocessing Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Microscopy Descriptive and experimental mechanics
isfreeaccess_bool	true
container_title	Materials
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Liaoyuan He @@aut@@ Liang Chen @@aut@@ Yong Cui @@aut@@ Shaopeng Xia @@aut@@ Yang Zou @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	595712649
id	DOAJ025557033
language_de	englisch
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callnumber-first	T - Technology
author	Liaoyuan He
spellingShingle	Liaoyuan He misc TK1-9971 misc TA1-2040 misc QH201-278.5 misc QC120-168.85 misc molten chloride salt fast reactor misc Th–U cycle misc breeding performance misc MA transmutation misc online reprocessing misc Technology misc T misc Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering misc Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) misc Microscopy misc Descriptive and experimental mechanics Minor Actinides Transmutation Performance in a Closed Th–U Cycle Based on Molten Chloride Salt Fast Reactor
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topic_title	TK1-9971 TA1-2040 QH201-278.5 QC120-168.85 Minor Actinides Transmutation Performance in a Closed Th–U Cycle Based on Molten Chloride Salt Fast Reactor molten chloride salt fast reactor Th–U cycle breeding performance MA transmutation online reprocessing
topic	misc TK1-9971 misc TA1-2040 misc QH201-278.5 misc QC120-168.85 misc molten chloride salt fast reactor misc Th–U cycle misc breeding performance misc MA transmutation misc online reprocessing misc Technology misc T misc Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering misc Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) misc Microscopy misc Descriptive and experimental mechanics
topic_unstemmed	misc TK1-9971 misc TA1-2040 misc QH201-278.5 misc QC120-168.85 misc molten chloride salt fast reactor misc Th–U cycle misc breeding performance misc MA transmutation misc online reprocessing misc Technology misc T misc Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering misc Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) misc Microscopy misc Descriptive and experimental mechanics
topic_browse	misc TK1-9971 misc TA1-2040 misc QH201-278.5 misc QC120-168.85 misc molten chloride salt fast reactor misc Th–U cycle misc breeding performance misc MA transmutation misc online reprocessing misc Technology misc T misc Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering misc Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) misc Microscopy misc Descriptive and experimental mechanics
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title	Minor Actinides Transmutation Performance in a Closed Th–U Cycle Based on Molten Chloride Salt Fast Reactor
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title_full	Minor Actinides Transmutation Performance in a Closed Th–U Cycle Based on Molten Chloride Salt Fast Reactor
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author_browse	Liaoyuan He Liang Chen Yong Cui Shaopeng Xia Yang Zou
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title_sort	minor actinides transmutation performance in a closed th–u cycle based on molten chloride salt fast reactor
callnumber	TK1-9971
title_auth	Minor Actinides Transmutation Performance in a Closed Th–U Cycle Based on Molten Chloride Salt Fast Reactor
abstract	The molten chloride salt fast reactor (MCFR) with a closed Th–U fuel cycle is receiving more and more attention due to its excellent performance, such as high solubility of actinides, superior breeding capacity, and good inherent safety. In this work, the neutronics performances for different minor actinides (MA) loadings and operation modes are analyzed and discussed based on an optimized MCFR. The results indicate that online continuous reprocessing can significantly increase the transmutation performance of MAs. In addition, MA loadings have an obvious effect on the neutronics characteristics of the MCFR, and it is helpful for improving the MA transmutation capability and <sup<233</sup<U breeding performance, simultaneously. When MA = 5 mol%, the average annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can achieve about 53 kg and 13 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of <sup<233</sup<U is 250 kg. When MA = 33.5 mol%, the annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can be about 310 kg and 77 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of <sup<233</sup<U is 349 kg. However, when the MA loadings exceed 10%, the corresponding <i<k</i<<sub<eff</sub< will exceed 1.1 for decades, even if only Th is continuously fed online. The results also indicate that the transmutation ratio (TR) and incineration ratio (IR) of MA increase and reach maximum values in the first decades for all the different MA loadings, which means MA may be fed into the fuel salt to improve its transmutation capability. Moreover, though MA loading will increase the level of radiotoxicity of the core in the early stage of burnup, the radiotoxicity of MA will drop rapidly after a brief rise during the operation. It can also be found that the temperature coefficient of reactivity (TCR) of all different MA loadings can be negative enough to maintain the safety of the MCFR during the whole operation, although it decreases in the beginning of life (BOL) with the increasing MA loading. Furthermore, the evolution of an effective delayed neutron fraction (EDNF) is also researched and discussed, and the EDNF varies most significantly when loading MA = 35.5 mol%, with a range of 273 to 310 pcm over the entire 100 years of operation.
abstractGer	The molten chloride salt fast reactor (MCFR) with a closed Th–U fuel cycle is receiving more and more attention due to its excellent performance, such as high solubility of actinides, superior breeding capacity, and good inherent safety. In this work, the neutronics performances for different minor actinides (MA) loadings and operation modes are analyzed and discussed based on an optimized MCFR. The results indicate that online continuous reprocessing can significantly increase the transmutation performance of MAs. In addition, MA loadings have an obvious effect on the neutronics characteristics of the MCFR, and it is helpful for improving the MA transmutation capability and <sup<233</sup<U breeding performance, simultaneously. When MA = 5 mol%, the average annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can achieve about 53 kg and 13 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of <sup<233</sup<U is 250 kg. When MA = 33.5 mol%, the annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can be about 310 kg and 77 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of <sup<233</sup<U is 349 kg. However, when the MA loadings exceed 10%, the corresponding <i<k</i<<sub<eff</sub< will exceed 1.1 for decades, even if only Th is continuously fed online. The results also indicate that the transmutation ratio (TR) and incineration ratio (IR) of MA increase and reach maximum values in the first decades for all the different MA loadings, which means MA may be fed into the fuel salt to improve its transmutation capability. Moreover, though MA loading will increase the level of radiotoxicity of the core in the early stage of burnup, the radiotoxicity of MA will drop rapidly after a brief rise during the operation. It can also be found that the temperature coefficient of reactivity (TCR) of all different MA loadings can be negative enough to maintain the safety of the MCFR during the whole operation, although it decreases in the beginning of life (BOL) with the increasing MA loading. Furthermore, the evolution of an effective delayed neutron fraction (EDNF) is also researched and discussed, and the EDNF varies most significantly when loading MA = 35.5 mol%, with a range of 273 to 310 pcm over the entire 100 years of operation.
abstract_unstemmed	The molten chloride salt fast reactor (MCFR) with a closed Th–U fuel cycle is receiving more and more attention due to its excellent performance, such as high solubility of actinides, superior breeding capacity, and good inherent safety. In this work, the neutronics performances for different minor actinides (MA) loadings and operation modes are analyzed and discussed based on an optimized MCFR. The results indicate that online continuous reprocessing can significantly increase the transmutation performance of MAs. In addition, MA loadings have an obvious effect on the neutronics characteristics of the MCFR, and it is helpful for improving the MA transmutation capability and <sup<233</sup<U breeding performance, simultaneously. When MA = 5 mol%, the average annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can achieve about 53 kg and 13 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of <sup<233</sup<U is 250 kg. When MA = 33.5 mol%, the annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can be about 310 kg and 77 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of <sup<233</sup<U is 349 kg. However, when the MA loadings exceed 10%, the corresponding <i<k</i<<sub<eff</sub< will exceed 1.1 for decades, even if only Th is continuously fed online. The results also indicate that the transmutation ratio (TR) and incineration ratio (IR) of MA increase and reach maximum values in the first decades for all the different MA loadings, which means MA may be fed into the fuel salt to improve its transmutation capability. Moreover, though MA loading will increase the level of radiotoxicity of the core in the early stage of burnup, the radiotoxicity of MA will drop rapidly after a brief rise during the operation. It can also be found that the temperature coefficient of reactivity (TCR) of all different MA loadings can be negative enough to maintain the safety of the MCFR during the whole operation, although it decreases in the beginning of life (BOL) with the increasing MA loading. Furthermore, the evolution of an effective delayed neutron fraction (EDNF) is also researched and discussed, and the EDNF varies most significantly when loading MA = 35.5 mol%, with a range of 273 to 310 pcm over the entire 100 years of operation.
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title_short	Minor Actinides Transmutation Performance in a Closed Th–U Cycle Based on Molten Chloride Salt Fast Reactor
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Minor Actinides Transmutation Performance in a Closed Th–U Cycle Based on Molten Chloride Salt Fast Reactor

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