Efficacy of leupeptin in treating ischemia in a rat hind limb model

Abstract Prolonged tourniquet use can lead to tissue ischemia and can cause progressive muscle and nerve injuries. Such injuries are accompanied by calpain activation and subsequent Wallerian‐like degeneration. Several known inhibitors, including leupeptin, are known to impede the activity of calpai...
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Autor*in:	Mikhail Gurevich [verfasserIn] Kari Iocolano [verfasserIn] Irene Nozal Martin [verfasserIn] Gurtej Singh [verfasserIn] Sami U. Khan [verfasserIn] Duc T. Bui [verfasserIn] Alexander B. Dagum [verfasserIn] David E. Komatsu [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2022

Schlagwörter:	calpain ischemia leupeptins tourniquets vascular system injuries

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Physiological Reports - Wiley, 2013, 10(2022), 15, Seite n/a-n/a
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:10 ; year:2022 ; number:15 ; pages:n/a-n/a

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.14814/phy2.15411

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ026096862

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520			\|a Abstract Prolonged tourniquet use can lead to tissue ischemia and can cause progressive muscle and nerve injuries. Such injuries are accompanied by calpain activation and subsequent Wallerian‐like degeneration. Several known inhibitors, including leupeptin, are known to impede the activity of calpain and associated tissue damage. We hypothesize that employment of leupeptin in a rat model of prolonged hind limb ischemia can mitigate muscle and nerve injuries. Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 10) weighing between 300–400 g were employed in this study. Their left hind limbs were subjected to blood flow occlusion for a period of 2‐h using a neonatal blood pressure cuff. Five rats were given twice weekly intramuscular leupeptin injections, while the other five received saline. After 2 weeks, the animals were euthanized, their sciatic nerves and gastrocnemius muscles were harvested, fixed, stained, and analyzed using NIH Image J software. The administration of leupeptin resulted in larger gastrocnemius muscle fiber cross‐sectional areas for the right (non‐tourniquet applied) hindlimb as compared to that treated with the saline (p = 0.0110). However, no statistically significant differences were found between these two groups for the injured left hindlimb (p = 0.1440). With regards to the sciatic nerve cross‐sectional areas and sciatic functional index, no differences were detected between the leupeptin and control treated groups for both the healthy and injured hindlimbs. This research provides new insights on how to employ leupeptin to inhibit the degenerative effects of calpain and preserve tissues following ischemia resulting from orthopedic or plastic surgery procedures.
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650		4	\|a ischemia
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700	0		\|a Kari Iocolano \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Irene Nozal Martin \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Gurtej Singh \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Sami U. Khan \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Duc T. Bui \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Alexander B. Dagum \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a David E. Komatsu \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
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allfields	10.14814/phy2.15411 doi (DE-627)DOAJ026096862 (DE-599)DOAJc65009e583fb408b8b87bc6673c47e0a DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QP1-981 Mikhail Gurevich verfasserin aut Efficacy of leupeptin in treating ischemia in a rat hind limb model 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Prolonged tourniquet use can lead to tissue ischemia and can cause progressive muscle and nerve injuries. Such injuries are accompanied by calpain activation and subsequent Wallerian‐like degeneration. Several known inhibitors, including leupeptin, are known to impede the activity of calpain and associated tissue damage. We hypothesize that employment of leupeptin in a rat model of prolonged hind limb ischemia can mitigate muscle and nerve injuries. Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 10) weighing between 300–400 g were employed in this study. Their left hind limbs were subjected to blood flow occlusion for a period of 2‐h using a neonatal blood pressure cuff. Five rats were given twice weekly intramuscular leupeptin injections, while the other five received saline. After 2 weeks, the animals were euthanized, their sciatic nerves and gastrocnemius muscles were harvested, fixed, stained, and analyzed using NIH Image J software. The administration of leupeptin resulted in larger gastrocnemius muscle fiber cross‐sectional areas for the right (non‐tourniquet applied) hindlimb as compared to that treated with the saline (p = 0.0110). However, no statistically significant differences were found between these two groups for the injured left hindlimb (p = 0.1440). With regards to the sciatic nerve cross‐sectional areas and sciatic functional index, no differences were detected between the leupeptin and control treated groups for both the healthy and injured hindlimbs. This research provides new insights on how to employ leupeptin to inhibit the degenerative effects of calpain and preserve tissues following ischemia resulting from orthopedic or plastic surgery procedures. calpain ischemia leupeptins tourniquets vascular system injuries Physiology Kari Iocolano verfasserin aut Irene Nozal Martin verfasserin aut Gurtej Singh verfasserin aut Sami U. Khan verfasserin aut Duc T. Bui verfasserin aut Alexander B. Dagum verfasserin aut David E. Komatsu verfasserin aut In Physiological Reports Wiley, 2013 10(2022), 15, Seite n/a-n/a (DE-627)75243649X (DE-600)2724325-4 2051817X nnns volume:10 year:2022 number:15 pages:n/a-n/a https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15411 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/c65009e583fb408b8b87bc6673c47e0a kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15411 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2051-817X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2022 15 n/a-n/a
spelling	10.14814/phy2.15411 doi (DE-627)DOAJ026096862 (DE-599)DOAJc65009e583fb408b8b87bc6673c47e0a DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QP1-981 Mikhail Gurevich verfasserin aut Efficacy of leupeptin in treating ischemia in a rat hind limb model 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Prolonged tourniquet use can lead to tissue ischemia and can cause progressive muscle and nerve injuries. Such injuries are accompanied by calpain activation and subsequent Wallerian‐like degeneration. Several known inhibitors, including leupeptin, are known to impede the activity of calpain and associated tissue damage. We hypothesize that employment of leupeptin in a rat model of prolonged hind limb ischemia can mitigate muscle and nerve injuries. Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 10) weighing between 300–400 g were employed in this study. Their left hind limbs were subjected to blood flow occlusion for a period of 2‐h using a neonatal blood pressure cuff. Five rats were given twice weekly intramuscular leupeptin injections, while the other five received saline. After 2 weeks, the animals were euthanized, their sciatic nerves and gastrocnemius muscles were harvested, fixed, stained, and analyzed using NIH Image J software. The administration of leupeptin resulted in larger gastrocnemius muscle fiber cross‐sectional areas for the right (non‐tourniquet applied) hindlimb as compared to that treated with the saline (p = 0.0110). However, no statistically significant differences were found between these two groups for the injured left hindlimb (p = 0.1440). With regards to the sciatic nerve cross‐sectional areas and sciatic functional index, no differences were detected between the leupeptin and control treated groups for both the healthy and injured hindlimbs. This research provides new insights on how to employ leupeptin to inhibit the degenerative effects of calpain and preserve tissues following ischemia resulting from orthopedic or plastic surgery procedures. calpain ischemia leupeptins tourniquets vascular system injuries Physiology Kari Iocolano verfasserin aut Irene Nozal Martin verfasserin aut Gurtej Singh verfasserin aut Sami U. Khan verfasserin aut Duc T. Bui verfasserin aut Alexander B. Dagum verfasserin aut David E. Komatsu verfasserin aut In Physiological Reports Wiley, 2013 10(2022), 15, Seite n/a-n/a (DE-627)75243649X (DE-600)2724325-4 2051817X nnns volume:10 year:2022 number:15 pages:n/a-n/a https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15411 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/c65009e583fb408b8b87bc6673c47e0a kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15411 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2051-817X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2022 15 n/a-n/a
allfields_unstemmed	10.14814/phy2.15411 doi (DE-627)DOAJ026096862 (DE-599)DOAJc65009e583fb408b8b87bc6673c47e0a DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QP1-981 Mikhail Gurevich verfasserin aut Efficacy of leupeptin in treating ischemia in a rat hind limb model 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Prolonged tourniquet use can lead to tissue ischemia and can cause progressive muscle and nerve injuries. Such injuries are accompanied by calpain activation and subsequent Wallerian‐like degeneration. Several known inhibitors, including leupeptin, are known to impede the activity of calpain and associated tissue damage. We hypothesize that employment of leupeptin in a rat model of prolonged hind limb ischemia can mitigate muscle and nerve injuries. Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 10) weighing between 300–400 g were employed in this study. Their left hind limbs were subjected to blood flow occlusion for a period of 2‐h using a neonatal blood pressure cuff. Five rats were given twice weekly intramuscular leupeptin injections, while the other five received saline. After 2 weeks, the animals were euthanized, their sciatic nerves and gastrocnemius muscles were harvested, fixed, stained, and analyzed using NIH Image J software. The administration of leupeptin resulted in larger gastrocnemius muscle fiber cross‐sectional areas for the right (non‐tourniquet applied) hindlimb as compared to that treated with the saline (p = 0.0110). However, no statistically significant differences were found between these two groups for the injured left hindlimb (p = 0.1440). With regards to the sciatic nerve cross‐sectional areas and sciatic functional index, no differences were detected between the leupeptin and control treated groups for both the healthy and injured hindlimbs. This research provides new insights on how to employ leupeptin to inhibit the degenerative effects of calpain and preserve tissues following ischemia resulting from orthopedic or plastic surgery procedures. calpain ischemia leupeptins tourniquets vascular system injuries Physiology Kari Iocolano verfasserin aut Irene Nozal Martin verfasserin aut Gurtej Singh verfasserin aut Sami U. Khan verfasserin aut Duc T. Bui verfasserin aut Alexander B. Dagum verfasserin aut David E. Komatsu verfasserin aut In Physiological Reports Wiley, 2013 10(2022), 15, Seite n/a-n/a (DE-627)75243649X (DE-600)2724325-4 2051817X nnns volume:10 year:2022 number:15 pages:n/a-n/a https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15411 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/c65009e583fb408b8b87bc6673c47e0a kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15411 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2051-817X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2022 15 n/a-n/a
allfieldsGer	10.14814/phy2.15411 doi (DE-627)DOAJ026096862 (DE-599)DOAJc65009e583fb408b8b87bc6673c47e0a DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QP1-981 Mikhail Gurevich verfasserin aut Efficacy of leupeptin in treating ischemia in a rat hind limb model 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Prolonged tourniquet use can lead to tissue ischemia and can cause progressive muscle and nerve injuries. Such injuries are accompanied by calpain activation and subsequent Wallerian‐like degeneration. Several known inhibitors, including leupeptin, are known to impede the activity of calpain and associated tissue damage. We hypothesize that employment of leupeptin in a rat model of prolonged hind limb ischemia can mitigate muscle and nerve injuries. Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 10) weighing between 300–400 g were employed in this study. Their left hind limbs were subjected to blood flow occlusion for a period of 2‐h using a neonatal blood pressure cuff. Five rats were given twice weekly intramuscular leupeptin injections, while the other five received saline. After 2 weeks, the animals were euthanized, their sciatic nerves and gastrocnemius muscles were harvested, fixed, stained, and analyzed using NIH Image J software. The administration of leupeptin resulted in larger gastrocnemius muscle fiber cross‐sectional areas for the right (non‐tourniquet applied) hindlimb as compared to that treated with the saline (p = 0.0110). However, no statistically significant differences were found between these two groups for the injured left hindlimb (p = 0.1440). With regards to the sciatic nerve cross‐sectional areas and sciatic functional index, no differences were detected between the leupeptin and control treated groups for both the healthy and injured hindlimbs. This research provides new insights on how to employ leupeptin to inhibit the degenerative effects of calpain and preserve tissues following ischemia resulting from orthopedic or plastic surgery procedures. calpain ischemia leupeptins tourniquets vascular system injuries Physiology Kari Iocolano verfasserin aut Irene Nozal Martin verfasserin aut Gurtej Singh verfasserin aut Sami U. Khan verfasserin aut Duc T. Bui verfasserin aut Alexander B. Dagum verfasserin aut David E. Komatsu verfasserin aut In Physiological Reports Wiley, 2013 10(2022), 15, Seite n/a-n/a (DE-627)75243649X (DE-600)2724325-4 2051817X nnns volume:10 year:2022 number:15 pages:n/a-n/a https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15411 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/c65009e583fb408b8b87bc6673c47e0a kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15411 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2051-817X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2022 15 n/a-n/a
allfieldsSound	10.14814/phy2.15411 doi (DE-627)DOAJ026096862 (DE-599)DOAJc65009e583fb408b8b87bc6673c47e0a DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QP1-981 Mikhail Gurevich verfasserin aut Efficacy of leupeptin in treating ischemia in a rat hind limb model 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Prolonged tourniquet use can lead to tissue ischemia and can cause progressive muscle and nerve injuries. Such injuries are accompanied by calpain activation and subsequent Wallerian‐like degeneration. Several known inhibitors, including leupeptin, are known to impede the activity of calpain and associated tissue damage. We hypothesize that employment of leupeptin in a rat model of prolonged hind limb ischemia can mitigate muscle and nerve injuries. Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 10) weighing between 300–400 g were employed in this study. Their left hind limbs were subjected to blood flow occlusion for a period of 2‐h using a neonatal blood pressure cuff. Five rats were given twice weekly intramuscular leupeptin injections, while the other five received saline. After 2 weeks, the animals were euthanized, their sciatic nerves and gastrocnemius muscles were harvested, fixed, stained, and analyzed using NIH Image J software. The administration of leupeptin resulted in larger gastrocnemius muscle fiber cross‐sectional areas for the right (non‐tourniquet applied) hindlimb as compared to that treated with the saline (p = 0.0110). However, no statistically significant differences were found between these two groups for the injured left hindlimb (p = 0.1440). With regards to the sciatic nerve cross‐sectional areas and sciatic functional index, no differences were detected between the leupeptin and control treated groups for both the healthy and injured hindlimbs. This research provides new insights on how to employ leupeptin to inhibit the degenerative effects of calpain and preserve tissues following ischemia resulting from orthopedic or plastic surgery procedures. calpain ischemia leupeptins tourniquets vascular system injuries Physiology Kari Iocolano verfasserin aut Irene Nozal Martin verfasserin aut Gurtej Singh verfasserin aut Sami U. Khan verfasserin aut Duc T. Bui verfasserin aut Alexander B. Dagum verfasserin aut David E. Komatsu verfasserin aut In Physiological Reports Wiley, 2013 10(2022), 15, Seite n/a-n/a (DE-627)75243649X (DE-600)2724325-4 2051817X nnns volume:10 year:2022 number:15 pages:n/a-n/a https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15411 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/c65009e583fb408b8b87bc6673c47e0a kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15411 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2051-817X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2022 15 n/a-n/a
language	English
source	In Physiological Reports 10(2022), 15, Seite n/a-n/a volume:10 year:2022 number:15 pages:n/a-n/a
sourceStr	In Physiological Reports 10(2022), 15, Seite n/a-n/a volume:10 year:2022 number:15 pages:n/a-n/a
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	calpain ischemia leupeptins tourniquets vascular system injuries Physiology
isfreeaccess_bool	true
container_title	Physiological Reports
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Mikhail Gurevich @@aut@@ Kari Iocolano @@aut@@ Irene Nozal Martin @@aut@@ Gurtej Singh @@aut@@ Sami U. Khan @@aut@@ Duc T. Bui @@aut@@ Alexander B. Dagum @@aut@@ David E. Komatsu @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	75243649X
id	DOAJ026096862
language_de	englisch
fullrecord	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">DOAJ026096862</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20240414032246.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">230226s2022 xx \|\|\|\|\|o 00\| \|\|eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.14814/phy2.15411</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)DOAJ026096862</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)DOAJc65009e583fb408b8b87bc6673c47e0a</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">QP1-981</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Mikhail Gurevich</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Efficacy of leupeptin in treating ischemia in a rat hind limb model</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2022</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abstract Prolonged tourniquet use can lead to tissue ischemia and can cause progressive muscle and nerve injuries. Such injuries are accompanied by calpain activation and subsequent Wallerian‐like degeneration. Several known inhibitors, including leupeptin, are known to impede the activity of calpain and associated tissue damage. We hypothesize that employment of leupeptin in a rat model of prolonged hind limb ischemia can mitigate muscle and nerve injuries. Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 10) weighing between 300–400 g were employed in this study. Their left hind limbs were subjected to blood flow occlusion for a period of 2‐h using a neonatal blood pressure cuff. Five rats were given twice weekly intramuscular leupeptin injections, while the other five received saline. After 2 weeks, the animals were euthanized, their sciatic nerves and gastrocnemius muscles were harvested, fixed, stained, and analyzed using NIH Image J software. The administration of leupeptin resulted in larger gastrocnemius muscle fiber cross‐sectional areas for the right (non‐tourniquet applied) hindlimb as compared to that treated with the saline (p = 0.0110). However, no statistically significant differences were found between these two groups for the injured left hindlimb (p = 0.1440). With regards to the sciatic nerve cross‐sectional areas and sciatic functional index, no differences were detected between the leupeptin and control treated groups for both the healthy and injured hindlimbs. 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callnumber-first	Q - Science
author	Mikhail Gurevich
spellingShingle	Mikhail Gurevich misc QP1-981 misc calpain misc ischemia misc leupeptins misc tourniquets misc vascular system injuries misc Physiology Efficacy of leupeptin in treating ischemia in a rat hind limb model
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topic_title	QP1-981 Efficacy of leupeptin in treating ischemia in a rat hind limb model calpain ischemia leupeptins tourniquets vascular system injuries
topic	misc QP1-981 misc calpain misc ischemia misc leupeptins misc tourniquets misc vascular system injuries misc Physiology
topic_unstemmed	misc QP1-981 misc calpain misc ischemia misc leupeptins misc tourniquets misc vascular system injuries misc Physiology
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title	Efficacy of leupeptin in treating ischemia in a rat hind limb model
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title_full	Efficacy of leupeptin in treating ischemia in a rat hind limb model
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author_browse	Mikhail Gurevich Kari Iocolano Irene Nozal Martin Gurtej Singh Sami U. Khan Duc T. Bui Alexander B. Dagum David E. Komatsu
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title_sort	efficacy of leupeptin in treating ischemia in a rat hind limb model
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title_auth	Efficacy of leupeptin in treating ischemia in a rat hind limb model
abstract	Abstract Prolonged tourniquet use can lead to tissue ischemia and can cause progressive muscle and nerve injuries. Such injuries are accompanied by calpain activation and subsequent Wallerian‐like degeneration. Several known inhibitors, including leupeptin, are known to impede the activity of calpain and associated tissue damage. We hypothesize that employment of leupeptin in a rat model of prolonged hind limb ischemia can mitigate muscle and nerve injuries. Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 10) weighing between 300–400 g were employed in this study. Their left hind limbs were subjected to blood flow occlusion for a period of 2‐h using a neonatal blood pressure cuff. Five rats were given twice weekly intramuscular leupeptin injections, while the other five received saline. After 2 weeks, the animals were euthanized, their sciatic nerves and gastrocnemius muscles were harvested, fixed, stained, and analyzed using NIH Image J software. The administration of leupeptin resulted in larger gastrocnemius muscle fiber cross‐sectional areas for the right (non‐tourniquet applied) hindlimb as compared to that treated with the saline (p = 0.0110). However, no statistically significant differences were found between these two groups for the injured left hindlimb (p = 0.1440). With regards to the sciatic nerve cross‐sectional areas and sciatic functional index, no differences were detected between the leupeptin and control treated groups for both the healthy and injured hindlimbs. This research provides new insights on how to employ leupeptin to inhibit the degenerative effects of calpain and preserve tissues following ischemia resulting from orthopedic or plastic surgery procedures.
abstractGer	Abstract Prolonged tourniquet use can lead to tissue ischemia and can cause progressive muscle and nerve injuries. Such injuries are accompanied by calpain activation and subsequent Wallerian‐like degeneration. Several known inhibitors, including leupeptin, are known to impede the activity of calpain and associated tissue damage. We hypothesize that employment of leupeptin in a rat model of prolonged hind limb ischemia can mitigate muscle and nerve injuries. Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 10) weighing between 300–400 g were employed in this study. Their left hind limbs were subjected to blood flow occlusion for a period of 2‐h using a neonatal blood pressure cuff. Five rats were given twice weekly intramuscular leupeptin injections, while the other five received saline. After 2 weeks, the animals were euthanized, their sciatic nerves and gastrocnemius muscles were harvested, fixed, stained, and analyzed using NIH Image J software. The administration of leupeptin resulted in larger gastrocnemius muscle fiber cross‐sectional areas for the right (non‐tourniquet applied) hindlimb as compared to that treated with the saline (p = 0.0110). However, no statistically significant differences were found between these two groups for the injured left hindlimb (p = 0.1440). With regards to the sciatic nerve cross‐sectional areas and sciatic functional index, no differences were detected between the leupeptin and control treated groups for both the healthy and injured hindlimbs. This research provides new insights on how to employ leupeptin to inhibit the degenerative effects of calpain and preserve tissues following ischemia resulting from orthopedic or plastic surgery procedures.
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract Prolonged tourniquet use can lead to tissue ischemia and can cause progressive muscle and nerve injuries. Such injuries are accompanied by calpain activation and subsequent Wallerian‐like degeneration. Several known inhibitors, including leupeptin, are known to impede the activity of calpain and associated tissue damage. We hypothesize that employment of leupeptin in a rat model of prolonged hind limb ischemia can mitigate muscle and nerve injuries. Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 10) weighing between 300–400 g were employed in this study. Their left hind limbs were subjected to blood flow occlusion for a period of 2‐h using a neonatal blood pressure cuff. Five rats were given twice weekly intramuscular leupeptin injections, while the other five received saline. After 2 weeks, the animals were euthanized, their sciatic nerves and gastrocnemius muscles were harvested, fixed, stained, and analyzed using NIH Image J software. The administration of leupeptin resulted in larger gastrocnemius muscle fiber cross‐sectional areas for the right (non‐tourniquet applied) hindlimb as compared to that treated with the saline (p = 0.0110). However, no statistically significant differences were found between these two groups for the injured left hindlimb (p = 0.1440). With regards to the sciatic nerve cross‐sectional areas and sciatic functional index, no differences were detected between the leupeptin and control treated groups for both the healthy and injured hindlimbs. This research provides new insights on how to employ leupeptin to inhibit the degenerative effects of calpain and preserve tissues following ischemia resulting from orthopedic or plastic surgery procedures.
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title_short	Efficacy of leupeptin in treating ischemia in a rat hind limb model
url	https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15411 https://doaj.org/article/c65009e583fb408b8b87bc6673c47e0a https://doaj.org/toc/2051-817X
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fullrecord_marcxml	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">DOAJ026096862</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20240414032246.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">230226s2022 xx \|\|\|\|\|o 00\| \|\|eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.14814/phy2.15411</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)DOAJ026096862</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)DOAJc65009e583fb408b8b87bc6673c47e0a</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">QP1-981</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Mikhail Gurevich</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Efficacy of leupeptin in treating ischemia in a rat hind limb model</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2022</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abstract Prolonged tourniquet use can lead to tissue ischemia and can cause progressive muscle and nerve injuries. Such injuries are accompanied by calpain activation and subsequent Wallerian‐like degeneration. Several known inhibitors, including leupeptin, are known to impede the activity of calpain and associated tissue damage. We hypothesize that employment of leupeptin in a rat model of prolonged hind limb ischemia can mitigate muscle and nerve injuries. Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 10) weighing between 300–400 g were employed in this study. Their left hind limbs were subjected to blood flow occlusion for a period of 2‐h using a neonatal blood pressure cuff. Five rats were given twice weekly intramuscular leupeptin injections, while the other five received saline. After 2 weeks, the animals were euthanized, their sciatic nerves and gastrocnemius muscles were harvested, fixed, stained, and analyzed using NIH Image J software. The administration of leupeptin resulted in larger gastrocnemius muscle fiber cross‐sectional areas for the right (non‐tourniquet applied) hindlimb as compared to that treated with the saline (p = 0.0110). However, no statistically significant differences were found between these two groups for the injured left hindlimb (p = 0.1440). With regards to the sciatic nerve cross‐sectional areas and sciatic functional index, no differences were detected between the leupeptin and control treated groups for both the healthy and injured hindlimbs. This research provides new insights on how to employ leupeptin to inhibit the degenerative effects of calpain and preserve tissues following ischemia resulting from orthopedic or plastic surgery procedures.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">calpain</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">ischemia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">leupeptins</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">tourniquets</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">vascular system injuries</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Physiology</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Kari Iocolano</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Irene Nozal Martin</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Gurtej Singh</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Sami U. 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Efficacy of leupeptin in treating ischemia in a rat hind limb model

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