Comparative study of cross- and uncross-linked arabinoxylans extracted from maize bran with special reference to their structural and antioxidant potential
Maize bran is a by-product obtained after the milling of maize kernels and separated as by-product. The current research aimed to extract and characterize the arabinoxylans (AXs) and their gels from maize bran. Initially, maize bran was evaluated for its proximate composition and dietary fiber profi...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Muhammad Ahtisham Raza [verfasserIn] Farhan Saeed [verfasserIn] Muhammad Afzaal [verfasserIn] Ali Imran [verfasserIn] Bushra Niaz [verfasserIn] Muzzamal Hussain [verfasserIn] Amara Rasheed [verfasserIn] Muhammad Kashif Mukhtar [verfasserIn] Muhammad Waleed [verfasserIn] Entessar Al Jbawi [verfasserIn] |
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E-Artikel |
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Sprache: |
Englisch |
Erschienen: |
2022 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: International Journal of Food Properties - Taylor & Francis Group, 2018, 25(2022), 1, Seite 2495-2504 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:25 ; year:2022 ; number:1 ; pages:2495-2504 |
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Link aufrufen |
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DOI / URN: |
10.1080/10942912.2022.2143524 |
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Katalog-ID: |
DOAJ026278944 |
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520 | |a Maize bran is a by-product obtained after the milling of maize kernels and separated as by-product. The current research aimed to extract and characterize the arabinoxylans (AXs) and their gels from maize bran. Initially, maize bran was evaluated for its proximate composition and dietary fiber profile. Then, AXs were extracted through alkali extraction method, and in vitro gelation of AXs was performed through enzymes (laccase from Termites versicolor). Their structure was characterized through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Further, the phenolic compounds and their activity was assessed through three different assays including diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and ABTS+. The results regarding the chemical composition of maize bran showed that maize bran majorly comprised moisture, ash, crude fat, fiber, crude protein and nitrogen-free extract with 10.13 ± 0.46, 1.87 ± 0.15, 1.26 ± 0.26, 7.53 ± 1.00, 12.67 ± 0.75, and 66.54 ± 0.82 g/100 g of the sample. Further, dietary fiber profile showed that maize bran comprised 6.97 ± 0.5 and 35.20 ± 4.1% soluble and insoluble fractions of dietary fibers. Then, the structural characterization of maize bran through FTIR spectroscopy showed a typical spectrum and presented the peaks at different wavelengths, which was similar to structural features as described in previous studies. Surface morphology of gel through SEM showed micrographs with small pores, which according to our information was formed due to laccase (enzymes) activity. However, quantification of polyphenols including total phenolic content and total flavonoid content showed the results including 6.42 ± 0.18 GAE/g and 1.84 ± 0.66 CE/g and their activity assessed through DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS+ assays showed the values including 31.62 ± 0.16, 34.87 ± 0.18, and 14.21 ± 0.18 μmol TE/g, respectively. The results in this study showed that maize bran AXs and their gels showed an interesting trend in their structural and antioxidant potential. | ||
650 | 4 | |a Hydrogels | |
650 | 4 | |a Arabinoxylans | |
650 | 4 | |a Structural properties | |
650 | 4 | |a Antioxidant potential | |
650 | 4 | |a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy | |
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10.1080/10942912.2022.2143524 doi (DE-627)DOAJ026278944 (DE-599)DOAJ1b2725cf367f447c97944acad14dd154 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TX341-641 TP368-456 Muhammad Ahtisham Raza verfasserin aut Comparative study of cross- and uncross-linked arabinoxylans extracted from maize bran with special reference to their structural and antioxidant potential 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Maize bran is a by-product obtained after the milling of maize kernels and separated as by-product. The current research aimed to extract and characterize the arabinoxylans (AXs) and their gels from maize bran. Initially, maize bran was evaluated for its proximate composition and dietary fiber profile. Then, AXs were extracted through alkali extraction method, and in vitro gelation of AXs was performed through enzymes (laccase from Termites versicolor). Their structure was characterized through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Further, the phenolic compounds and their activity was assessed through three different assays including diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and ABTS+. The results regarding the chemical composition of maize bran showed that maize bran majorly comprised moisture, ash, crude fat, fiber, crude protein and nitrogen-free extract with 10.13 ± 0.46, 1.87 ± 0.15, 1.26 ± 0.26, 7.53 ± 1.00, 12.67 ± 0.75, and 66.54 ± 0.82 g/100 g of the sample. Further, dietary fiber profile showed that maize bran comprised 6.97 ± 0.5 and 35.20 ± 4.1% soluble and insoluble fractions of dietary fibers. Then, the structural characterization of maize bran through FTIR spectroscopy showed a typical spectrum and presented the peaks at different wavelengths, which was similar to structural features as described in previous studies. Surface morphology of gel through SEM showed micrographs with small pores, which according to our information was formed due to laccase (enzymes) activity. However, quantification of polyphenols including total phenolic content and total flavonoid content showed the results including 6.42 ± 0.18 GAE/g and 1.84 ± 0.66 CE/g and their activity assessed through DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS+ assays showed the values including 31.62 ± 0.16, 34.87 ± 0.18, and 14.21 ± 0.18 μmol TE/g, respectively. The results in this study showed that maize bran AXs and their gels showed an interesting trend in their structural and antioxidant potential. Hydrogels Arabinoxylans Structural properties Antioxidant potential Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Scanning electron microscopy Nutrition. Foods and food supply Food processing and manufacture Farhan Saeed verfasserin aut Muhammad Afzaal verfasserin aut Ali Imran verfasserin aut Bushra Niaz verfasserin aut Muzzamal Hussain verfasserin aut Amara Rasheed verfasserin aut Muhammad Kashif Mukhtar verfasserin aut Muhammad Waleed verfasserin aut Entessar Al Jbawi verfasserin aut In International Journal of Food Properties Taylor & Francis Group, 2018 25(2022), 1, Seite 2495-2504 (DE-627)334376416 (DE-600)2057781-3 15322386 nnns volume:25 year:2022 number:1 pages:2495-2504 https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2022.2143524 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/1b2725cf367f447c97944acad14dd154 kostenfrei https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/10942912.2022.2143524 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1094-2912 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1532-2386 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 25 2022 1 2495-2504 |
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10.1080/10942912.2022.2143524 doi (DE-627)DOAJ026278944 (DE-599)DOAJ1b2725cf367f447c97944acad14dd154 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TX341-641 TP368-456 Muhammad Ahtisham Raza verfasserin aut Comparative study of cross- and uncross-linked arabinoxylans extracted from maize bran with special reference to their structural and antioxidant potential 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Maize bran is a by-product obtained after the milling of maize kernels and separated as by-product. The current research aimed to extract and characterize the arabinoxylans (AXs) and their gels from maize bran. Initially, maize bran was evaluated for its proximate composition and dietary fiber profile. Then, AXs were extracted through alkali extraction method, and in vitro gelation of AXs was performed through enzymes (laccase from Termites versicolor). Their structure was characterized through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Further, the phenolic compounds and their activity was assessed through three different assays including diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and ABTS+. The results regarding the chemical composition of maize bran showed that maize bran majorly comprised moisture, ash, crude fat, fiber, crude protein and nitrogen-free extract with 10.13 ± 0.46, 1.87 ± 0.15, 1.26 ± 0.26, 7.53 ± 1.00, 12.67 ± 0.75, and 66.54 ± 0.82 g/100 g of the sample. Further, dietary fiber profile showed that maize bran comprised 6.97 ± 0.5 and 35.20 ± 4.1% soluble and insoluble fractions of dietary fibers. Then, the structural characterization of maize bran through FTIR spectroscopy showed a typical spectrum and presented the peaks at different wavelengths, which was similar to structural features as described in previous studies. Surface morphology of gel through SEM showed micrographs with small pores, which according to our information was formed due to laccase (enzymes) activity. However, quantification of polyphenols including total phenolic content and total flavonoid content showed the results including 6.42 ± 0.18 GAE/g and 1.84 ± 0.66 CE/g and their activity assessed through DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS+ assays showed the values including 31.62 ± 0.16, 34.87 ± 0.18, and 14.21 ± 0.18 μmol TE/g, respectively. The results in this study showed that maize bran AXs and their gels showed an interesting trend in their structural and antioxidant potential. Hydrogels Arabinoxylans Structural properties Antioxidant potential Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Scanning electron microscopy Nutrition. Foods and food supply Food processing and manufacture Farhan Saeed verfasserin aut Muhammad Afzaal verfasserin aut Ali Imran verfasserin aut Bushra Niaz verfasserin aut Muzzamal Hussain verfasserin aut Amara Rasheed verfasserin aut Muhammad Kashif Mukhtar verfasserin aut Muhammad Waleed verfasserin aut Entessar Al Jbawi verfasserin aut In International Journal of Food Properties Taylor & Francis Group, 2018 25(2022), 1, Seite 2495-2504 (DE-627)334376416 (DE-600)2057781-3 15322386 nnns volume:25 year:2022 number:1 pages:2495-2504 https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2022.2143524 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/1b2725cf367f447c97944acad14dd154 kostenfrei https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/10942912.2022.2143524 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1094-2912 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1532-2386 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 25 2022 1 2495-2504 |
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10.1080/10942912.2022.2143524 doi (DE-627)DOAJ026278944 (DE-599)DOAJ1b2725cf367f447c97944acad14dd154 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TX341-641 TP368-456 Muhammad Ahtisham Raza verfasserin aut Comparative study of cross- and uncross-linked arabinoxylans extracted from maize bran with special reference to their structural and antioxidant potential 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Maize bran is a by-product obtained after the milling of maize kernels and separated as by-product. The current research aimed to extract and characterize the arabinoxylans (AXs) and their gels from maize bran. Initially, maize bran was evaluated for its proximate composition and dietary fiber profile. Then, AXs were extracted through alkali extraction method, and in vitro gelation of AXs was performed through enzymes (laccase from Termites versicolor). Their structure was characterized through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Further, the phenolic compounds and their activity was assessed through three different assays including diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and ABTS+. The results regarding the chemical composition of maize bran showed that maize bran majorly comprised moisture, ash, crude fat, fiber, crude protein and nitrogen-free extract with 10.13 ± 0.46, 1.87 ± 0.15, 1.26 ± 0.26, 7.53 ± 1.00, 12.67 ± 0.75, and 66.54 ± 0.82 g/100 g of the sample. Further, dietary fiber profile showed that maize bran comprised 6.97 ± 0.5 and 35.20 ± 4.1% soluble and insoluble fractions of dietary fibers. Then, the structural characterization of maize bran through FTIR spectroscopy showed a typical spectrum and presented the peaks at different wavelengths, which was similar to structural features as described in previous studies. Surface morphology of gel through SEM showed micrographs with small pores, which according to our information was formed due to laccase (enzymes) activity. However, quantification of polyphenols including total phenolic content and total flavonoid content showed the results including 6.42 ± 0.18 GAE/g and 1.84 ± 0.66 CE/g and their activity assessed through DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS+ assays showed the values including 31.62 ± 0.16, 34.87 ± 0.18, and 14.21 ± 0.18 μmol TE/g, respectively. The results in this study showed that maize bran AXs and their gels showed an interesting trend in their structural and antioxidant potential. Hydrogels Arabinoxylans Structural properties Antioxidant potential Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Scanning electron microscopy Nutrition. Foods and food supply Food processing and manufacture Farhan Saeed verfasserin aut Muhammad Afzaal verfasserin aut Ali Imran verfasserin aut Bushra Niaz verfasserin aut Muzzamal Hussain verfasserin aut Amara Rasheed verfasserin aut Muhammad Kashif Mukhtar verfasserin aut Muhammad Waleed verfasserin aut Entessar Al Jbawi verfasserin aut In International Journal of Food Properties Taylor & Francis Group, 2018 25(2022), 1, Seite 2495-2504 (DE-627)334376416 (DE-600)2057781-3 15322386 nnns volume:25 year:2022 number:1 pages:2495-2504 https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2022.2143524 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/1b2725cf367f447c97944acad14dd154 kostenfrei https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/10942912.2022.2143524 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1094-2912 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1532-2386 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 25 2022 1 2495-2504 |
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TX341-641 TP368-456 Comparative study of cross- and uncross-linked arabinoxylans extracted from maize bran with special reference to their structural and antioxidant potential Hydrogels Arabinoxylans Structural properties Antioxidant potential Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Scanning electron microscopy |
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comparative study of cross- and uncross-linked arabinoxylans extracted from maize bran with special reference to their structural and antioxidant potential |
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Comparative study of cross- and uncross-linked arabinoxylans extracted from maize bran with special reference to their structural and antioxidant potential |
abstract |
Maize bran is a by-product obtained after the milling of maize kernels and separated as by-product. The current research aimed to extract and characterize the arabinoxylans (AXs) and their gels from maize bran. Initially, maize bran was evaluated for its proximate composition and dietary fiber profile. Then, AXs were extracted through alkali extraction method, and in vitro gelation of AXs was performed through enzymes (laccase from Termites versicolor). Their structure was characterized through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Further, the phenolic compounds and their activity was assessed through three different assays including diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and ABTS+. The results regarding the chemical composition of maize bran showed that maize bran majorly comprised moisture, ash, crude fat, fiber, crude protein and nitrogen-free extract with 10.13 ± 0.46, 1.87 ± 0.15, 1.26 ± 0.26, 7.53 ± 1.00, 12.67 ± 0.75, and 66.54 ± 0.82 g/100 g of the sample. Further, dietary fiber profile showed that maize bran comprised 6.97 ± 0.5 and 35.20 ± 4.1% soluble and insoluble fractions of dietary fibers. Then, the structural characterization of maize bran through FTIR spectroscopy showed a typical spectrum and presented the peaks at different wavelengths, which was similar to structural features as described in previous studies. Surface morphology of gel through SEM showed micrographs with small pores, which according to our information was formed due to laccase (enzymes) activity. However, quantification of polyphenols including total phenolic content and total flavonoid content showed the results including 6.42 ± 0.18 GAE/g and 1.84 ± 0.66 CE/g and their activity assessed through DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS+ assays showed the values including 31.62 ± 0.16, 34.87 ± 0.18, and 14.21 ± 0.18 μmol TE/g, respectively. The results in this study showed that maize bran AXs and their gels showed an interesting trend in their structural and antioxidant potential. |
abstractGer |
Maize bran is a by-product obtained after the milling of maize kernels and separated as by-product. The current research aimed to extract and characterize the arabinoxylans (AXs) and their gels from maize bran. Initially, maize bran was evaluated for its proximate composition and dietary fiber profile. Then, AXs were extracted through alkali extraction method, and in vitro gelation of AXs was performed through enzymes (laccase from Termites versicolor). Their structure was characterized through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Further, the phenolic compounds and their activity was assessed through three different assays including diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and ABTS+. The results regarding the chemical composition of maize bran showed that maize bran majorly comprised moisture, ash, crude fat, fiber, crude protein and nitrogen-free extract with 10.13 ± 0.46, 1.87 ± 0.15, 1.26 ± 0.26, 7.53 ± 1.00, 12.67 ± 0.75, and 66.54 ± 0.82 g/100 g of the sample. Further, dietary fiber profile showed that maize bran comprised 6.97 ± 0.5 and 35.20 ± 4.1% soluble and insoluble fractions of dietary fibers. Then, the structural characterization of maize bran through FTIR spectroscopy showed a typical spectrum and presented the peaks at different wavelengths, which was similar to structural features as described in previous studies. Surface morphology of gel through SEM showed micrographs with small pores, which according to our information was formed due to laccase (enzymes) activity. However, quantification of polyphenols including total phenolic content and total flavonoid content showed the results including 6.42 ± 0.18 GAE/g and 1.84 ± 0.66 CE/g and their activity assessed through DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS+ assays showed the values including 31.62 ± 0.16, 34.87 ± 0.18, and 14.21 ± 0.18 μmol TE/g, respectively. The results in this study showed that maize bran AXs and their gels showed an interesting trend in their structural and antioxidant potential. |
abstract_unstemmed |
Maize bran is a by-product obtained after the milling of maize kernels and separated as by-product. The current research aimed to extract and characterize the arabinoxylans (AXs) and their gels from maize bran. Initially, maize bran was evaluated for its proximate composition and dietary fiber profile. Then, AXs were extracted through alkali extraction method, and in vitro gelation of AXs was performed through enzymes (laccase from Termites versicolor). Their structure was characterized through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Further, the phenolic compounds and their activity was assessed through three different assays including diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and ABTS+. The results regarding the chemical composition of maize bran showed that maize bran majorly comprised moisture, ash, crude fat, fiber, crude protein and nitrogen-free extract with 10.13 ± 0.46, 1.87 ± 0.15, 1.26 ± 0.26, 7.53 ± 1.00, 12.67 ± 0.75, and 66.54 ± 0.82 g/100 g of the sample. Further, dietary fiber profile showed that maize bran comprised 6.97 ± 0.5 and 35.20 ± 4.1% soluble and insoluble fractions of dietary fibers. Then, the structural characterization of maize bran through FTIR spectroscopy showed a typical spectrum and presented the peaks at different wavelengths, which was similar to structural features as described in previous studies. Surface morphology of gel through SEM showed micrographs with small pores, which according to our information was formed due to laccase (enzymes) activity. However, quantification of polyphenols including total phenolic content and total flavonoid content showed the results including 6.42 ± 0.18 GAE/g and 1.84 ± 0.66 CE/g and their activity assessed through DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS+ assays showed the values including 31.62 ± 0.16, 34.87 ± 0.18, and 14.21 ± 0.18 μmol TE/g, respectively. The results in this study showed that maize bran AXs and their gels showed an interesting trend in their structural and antioxidant potential. |
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Comparative study of cross- and uncross-linked arabinoxylans extracted from maize bran with special reference to their structural and antioxidant potential |
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Further, dietary fiber profile showed that maize bran comprised 6.97 ± 0.5 and 35.20 ± 4.1% soluble and insoluble fractions of dietary fibers. Then, the structural characterization of maize bran through FTIR spectroscopy showed a typical spectrum and presented the peaks at different wavelengths, which was similar to structural features as described in previous studies. Surface morphology of gel through SEM showed micrographs with small pores, which according to our information was formed due to laccase (enzymes) activity. However, quantification of polyphenols including total phenolic content and total flavonoid content showed the results including 6.42 ± 0.18 GAE/g and 1.84 ± 0.66 CE/g and their activity assessed through DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS+ assays showed the values including 31.62 ± 0.16, 34.87 ± 0.18, and 14.21 ± 0.18 μmol TE/g, respectively. 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