Inhalation Bioaccessibility and Risk Assessment of Metals in PM<sub<2.5</sub< Based on a Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry Model in the Smelting District of Northeast China

PM<sub<2.5</sub< can deposit and partially dissolve in the pulmonary region. In order to be consistent with the reality of the pulmonary region and avoid overestimating the inhalation human health risk, the bioaccessibility of PM<sub<2.5</sub< heavy metals and the deposition...
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Autor*in:	Siyu Sun [verfasserIn] Na Zheng [verfasserIn] Sujing Wang [verfasserIn] Yunyang Li [verfasserIn] Shengnan Hou [verfasserIn] Qirui An [verfasserIn] Changcheng Chen [verfasserIn] Xiaoqian Li [verfasserIn] Yining Ji [verfasserIn] Pengyang Li [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2022

Schlagwörter:	bioaccessibility deposition fraction exposure assessment PM

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - MDPI AG, 2005, 19(2022), 8915, p 8915
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:19 ; year:2022 ; number:8915, p 8915

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/ijerph19158915

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ026872528

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allfields	10.3390/ijerph19158915 doi (DE-627)DOAJ026872528 (DE-599)DOAJ1ca5709c21c1482f821c459ffd321cf2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Siyu Sun verfasserin aut Inhalation Bioaccessibility and Risk Assessment of Metals in PM<sub<2.5</sub< Based on a Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry Model in the Smelting District of Northeast China 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier PM<sub<2.5</sub< can deposit and partially dissolve in the pulmonary region. In order to be consistent with the reality of the pulmonary region and avoid overestimating the inhalation human health risk, the bioaccessibility of PM<sub<2.5</sub< heavy metals and the deposition fraction (DF) urgently needs to be considered. This paper simulates the bioaccessibility of PM<sub<2.5</sub< heavy metals in acidic intracellular and neutral extracellular deposition environments by simulating lung fluid. The multipath particle dosimetry model was used to simulate DF of PM<sub<2.5</sub<. According to the exposure assessment method of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the inhalation exposure dose threshold was calculated, and the human health risk with different inhalation exposure doses was compared. The bioaccessibility of heavy metals is 12.1–36.2%. The total DF of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in adults was higher than that in children, and children were higher than adults in the pulmonary region, and gradually decreased with age. The inhalation exposure dose threshold is 0.04–14.2 mg·kg<sup<−1</sup<·day<sup<−1</sup< for the non-carcinogenic exposure dose and 0.007–0.043 mg·kg<sup<−1</sup<·day<sup<−1</sup< for the carcinogenic exposure dose. Cd and Pb in PM<sub<2.5</sub< in the study area have a non-carcinogenic risk to human health (hazard index < 1), and Cd has no or a potential carcinogenic risk to human health. A revised inhalation health risk assessment may avoid overestimation. bioaccessibility deposition fraction exposure assessment PM<sub<2.5</sub< Medicine R Na Zheng verfasserin aut Sujing Wang verfasserin aut Yunyang Li verfasserin aut Shengnan Hou verfasserin aut Qirui An verfasserin aut Changcheng Chen verfasserin aut Xiaoqian Li verfasserin aut Yining Ji verfasserin aut Pengyang Li verfasserin aut In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health MDPI AG, 2005 19(2022), 8915, p 8915 (DE-627)477992463 (DE-600)2175195-X 16604601 nnns volume:19 year:2022 number:8915, p 8915 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19158915 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/1ca5709c21c1482f821c459ffd321cf2 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/15/8915 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 19 2022 8915, p 8915
spelling	10.3390/ijerph19158915 doi (DE-627)DOAJ026872528 (DE-599)DOAJ1ca5709c21c1482f821c459ffd321cf2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Siyu Sun verfasserin aut Inhalation Bioaccessibility and Risk Assessment of Metals in PM<sub<2.5</sub< Based on a Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry Model in the Smelting District of Northeast China 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier PM<sub<2.5</sub< can deposit and partially dissolve in the pulmonary region. In order to be consistent with the reality of the pulmonary region and avoid overestimating the inhalation human health risk, the bioaccessibility of PM<sub<2.5</sub< heavy metals and the deposition fraction (DF) urgently needs to be considered. This paper simulates the bioaccessibility of PM<sub<2.5</sub< heavy metals in acidic intracellular and neutral extracellular deposition environments by simulating lung fluid. The multipath particle dosimetry model was used to simulate DF of PM<sub<2.5</sub<. According to the exposure assessment method of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the inhalation exposure dose threshold was calculated, and the human health risk with different inhalation exposure doses was compared. The bioaccessibility of heavy metals is 12.1–36.2%. The total DF of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in adults was higher than that in children, and children were higher than adults in the pulmonary region, and gradually decreased with age. The inhalation exposure dose threshold is 0.04–14.2 mg·kg<sup<−1</sup<·day<sup<−1</sup< for the non-carcinogenic exposure dose and 0.007–0.043 mg·kg<sup<−1</sup<·day<sup<−1</sup< for the carcinogenic exposure dose. Cd and Pb in PM<sub<2.5</sub< in the study area have a non-carcinogenic risk to human health (hazard index < 1), and Cd has no or a potential carcinogenic risk to human health. A revised inhalation health risk assessment may avoid overestimation. bioaccessibility deposition fraction exposure assessment PM<sub<2.5</sub< Medicine R Na Zheng verfasserin aut Sujing Wang verfasserin aut Yunyang Li verfasserin aut Shengnan Hou verfasserin aut Qirui An verfasserin aut Changcheng Chen verfasserin aut Xiaoqian Li verfasserin aut Yining Ji verfasserin aut Pengyang Li verfasserin aut In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health MDPI AG, 2005 19(2022), 8915, p 8915 (DE-627)477992463 (DE-600)2175195-X 16604601 nnns volume:19 year:2022 number:8915, p 8915 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19158915 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/1ca5709c21c1482f821c459ffd321cf2 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/15/8915 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 19 2022 8915, p 8915
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/ijerph19158915 doi (DE-627)DOAJ026872528 (DE-599)DOAJ1ca5709c21c1482f821c459ffd321cf2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Siyu Sun verfasserin aut Inhalation Bioaccessibility and Risk Assessment of Metals in PM<sub<2.5</sub< Based on a Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry Model in the Smelting District of Northeast China 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier PM<sub<2.5</sub< can deposit and partially dissolve in the pulmonary region. In order to be consistent with the reality of the pulmonary region and avoid overestimating the inhalation human health risk, the bioaccessibility of PM<sub<2.5</sub< heavy metals and the deposition fraction (DF) urgently needs to be considered. This paper simulates the bioaccessibility of PM<sub<2.5</sub< heavy metals in acidic intracellular and neutral extracellular deposition environments by simulating lung fluid. The multipath particle dosimetry model was used to simulate DF of PM<sub<2.5</sub<. According to the exposure assessment method of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the inhalation exposure dose threshold was calculated, and the human health risk with different inhalation exposure doses was compared. The bioaccessibility of heavy metals is 12.1–36.2%. The total DF of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in adults was higher than that in children, and children were higher than adults in the pulmonary region, and gradually decreased with age. The inhalation exposure dose threshold is 0.04–14.2 mg·kg<sup<−1</sup<·day<sup<−1</sup< for the non-carcinogenic exposure dose and 0.007–0.043 mg·kg<sup<−1</sup<·day<sup<−1</sup< for the carcinogenic exposure dose. Cd and Pb in PM<sub<2.5</sub< in the study area have a non-carcinogenic risk to human health (hazard index < 1), and Cd has no or a potential carcinogenic risk to human health. A revised inhalation health risk assessment may avoid overestimation. bioaccessibility deposition fraction exposure assessment PM<sub<2.5</sub< Medicine R Na Zheng verfasserin aut Sujing Wang verfasserin aut Yunyang Li verfasserin aut Shengnan Hou verfasserin aut Qirui An verfasserin aut Changcheng Chen verfasserin aut Xiaoqian Li verfasserin aut Yining Ji verfasserin aut Pengyang Li verfasserin aut In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health MDPI AG, 2005 19(2022), 8915, p 8915 (DE-627)477992463 (DE-600)2175195-X 16604601 nnns volume:19 year:2022 number:8915, p 8915 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19158915 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/1ca5709c21c1482f821c459ffd321cf2 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/15/8915 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 19 2022 8915, p 8915
allfieldsGer	10.3390/ijerph19158915 doi (DE-627)DOAJ026872528 (DE-599)DOAJ1ca5709c21c1482f821c459ffd321cf2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Siyu Sun verfasserin aut Inhalation Bioaccessibility and Risk Assessment of Metals in PM<sub<2.5</sub< Based on a Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry Model in the Smelting District of Northeast China 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier PM<sub<2.5</sub< can deposit and partially dissolve in the pulmonary region. In order to be consistent with the reality of the pulmonary region and avoid overestimating the inhalation human health risk, the bioaccessibility of PM<sub<2.5</sub< heavy metals and the deposition fraction (DF) urgently needs to be considered. This paper simulates the bioaccessibility of PM<sub<2.5</sub< heavy metals in acidic intracellular and neutral extracellular deposition environments by simulating lung fluid. The multipath particle dosimetry model was used to simulate DF of PM<sub<2.5</sub<. According to the exposure assessment method of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the inhalation exposure dose threshold was calculated, and the human health risk with different inhalation exposure doses was compared. The bioaccessibility of heavy metals is 12.1–36.2%. The total DF of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in adults was higher than that in children, and children were higher than adults in the pulmonary region, and gradually decreased with age. The inhalation exposure dose threshold is 0.04–14.2 mg·kg<sup<−1</sup<·day<sup<−1</sup< for the non-carcinogenic exposure dose and 0.007–0.043 mg·kg<sup<−1</sup<·day<sup<−1</sup< for the carcinogenic exposure dose. Cd and Pb in PM<sub<2.5</sub< in the study area have a non-carcinogenic risk to human health (hazard index < 1), and Cd has no or a potential carcinogenic risk to human health. A revised inhalation health risk assessment may avoid overestimation. bioaccessibility deposition fraction exposure assessment PM<sub<2.5</sub< Medicine R Na Zheng verfasserin aut Sujing Wang verfasserin aut Yunyang Li verfasserin aut Shengnan Hou verfasserin aut Qirui An verfasserin aut Changcheng Chen verfasserin aut Xiaoqian Li verfasserin aut Yining Ji verfasserin aut Pengyang Li verfasserin aut In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health MDPI AG, 2005 19(2022), 8915, p 8915 (DE-627)477992463 (DE-600)2175195-X 16604601 nnns volume:19 year:2022 number:8915, p 8915 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19158915 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/1ca5709c21c1482f821c459ffd321cf2 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/15/8915 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 19 2022 8915, p 8915
allfieldsSound	10.3390/ijerph19158915 doi (DE-627)DOAJ026872528 (DE-599)DOAJ1ca5709c21c1482f821c459ffd321cf2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Siyu Sun verfasserin aut Inhalation Bioaccessibility and Risk Assessment of Metals in PM<sub<2.5</sub< Based on a Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry Model in the Smelting District of Northeast China 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier PM<sub<2.5</sub< can deposit and partially dissolve in the pulmonary region. In order to be consistent with the reality of the pulmonary region and avoid overestimating the inhalation human health risk, the bioaccessibility of PM<sub<2.5</sub< heavy metals and the deposition fraction (DF) urgently needs to be considered. This paper simulates the bioaccessibility of PM<sub<2.5</sub< heavy metals in acidic intracellular and neutral extracellular deposition environments by simulating lung fluid. The multipath particle dosimetry model was used to simulate DF of PM<sub<2.5</sub<. According to the exposure assessment method of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the inhalation exposure dose threshold was calculated, and the human health risk with different inhalation exposure doses was compared. The bioaccessibility of heavy metals is 12.1–36.2%. The total DF of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in adults was higher than that in children, and children were higher than adults in the pulmonary region, and gradually decreased with age. The inhalation exposure dose threshold is 0.04–14.2 mg·kg<sup<−1</sup<·day<sup<−1</sup< for the non-carcinogenic exposure dose and 0.007–0.043 mg·kg<sup<−1</sup<·day<sup<−1</sup< for the carcinogenic exposure dose. Cd and Pb in PM<sub<2.5</sub< in the study area have a non-carcinogenic risk to human health (hazard index < 1), and Cd has no or a potential carcinogenic risk to human health. A revised inhalation health risk assessment may avoid overestimation. bioaccessibility deposition fraction exposure assessment PM<sub<2.5</sub< Medicine R Na Zheng verfasserin aut Sujing Wang verfasserin aut Yunyang Li verfasserin aut Shengnan Hou verfasserin aut Qirui An verfasserin aut Changcheng Chen verfasserin aut Xiaoqian Li verfasserin aut Yining Ji verfasserin aut Pengyang Li verfasserin aut In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health MDPI AG, 2005 19(2022), 8915, p 8915 (DE-627)477992463 (DE-600)2175195-X 16604601 nnns volume:19 year:2022 number:8915, p 8915 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19158915 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/1ca5709c21c1482f821c459ffd321cf2 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/15/8915 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 19 2022 8915, p 8915
language	English
source	In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19(2022), 8915, p 8915 volume:19 year:2022 number:8915, p 8915
sourceStr	In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19(2022), 8915, p 8915 volume:19 year:2022 number:8915, p 8915
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topic_facet	bioaccessibility deposition fraction exposure assessment PM<sub<2.5</sub< Medicine R
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authorswithroles_txt_mv	Siyu Sun @@aut@@ Na Zheng @@aut@@ Sujing Wang @@aut@@ Yunyang Li @@aut@@ Shengnan Hou @@aut@@ Qirui An @@aut@@ Changcheng Chen @@aut@@ Xiaoqian Li @@aut@@ Yining Ji @@aut@@ Pengyang Li @@aut@@
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author	Siyu Sun
spellingShingle	Siyu Sun misc bioaccessibility misc deposition fraction misc exposure assessment misc PM<sub<2.5</sub< misc Medicine misc R Inhalation Bioaccessibility and Risk Assessment of Metals in PM<sub<2.5</sub< Based on a Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry Model in the Smelting District of Northeast China
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topic_title	Inhalation Bioaccessibility and Risk Assessment of Metals in PM<sub<2.5</sub< Based on a Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry Model in the Smelting District of Northeast China bioaccessibility deposition fraction exposure assessment PM<sub<2.5</sub<
topic	misc bioaccessibility misc deposition fraction misc exposure assessment misc PM<sub<2.5</sub< misc Medicine misc R
topic_unstemmed	misc bioaccessibility misc deposition fraction misc exposure assessment misc PM<sub<2.5</sub< misc Medicine misc R
topic_browse	misc bioaccessibility misc deposition fraction misc exposure assessment misc PM<sub<2.5</sub< misc Medicine misc R
format_facet	Elektronische Aufsätze Aufsätze Elektronische Ressource
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title	Inhalation Bioaccessibility and Risk Assessment of Metals in PM<sub<2.5</sub< Based on a Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry Model in the Smelting District of Northeast China
ctrlnum	(DE-627)DOAJ026872528 (DE-599)DOAJ1ca5709c21c1482f821c459ffd321cf2
title_full	Inhalation Bioaccessibility and Risk Assessment of Metals in PM<sub<2.5</sub< Based on a Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry Model in the Smelting District of Northeast China
author_sort	Siyu Sun
journal	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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author_browse	Siyu Sun Na Zheng Sujing Wang Yunyang Li Shengnan Hou Qirui An Changcheng Chen Xiaoqian Li Yining Ji Pengyang Li
container_volume	19
format_se	Elektronische Aufsätze
author-letter	Siyu Sun
doi_str_mv	10.3390/ijerph19158915
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title_sort	inhalation bioaccessibility and risk assessment of metals in pm<sub<2.5</sub< based on a multiple-path particle dosimetry model in the smelting district of northeast china
title_auth	Inhalation Bioaccessibility and Risk Assessment of Metals in PM<sub<2.5</sub< Based on a Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry Model in the Smelting District of Northeast China
abstract	PM<sub<2.5</sub< can deposit and partially dissolve in the pulmonary region. In order to be consistent with the reality of the pulmonary region and avoid overestimating the inhalation human health risk, the bioaccessibility of PM<sub<2.5</sub< heavy metals and the deposition fraction (DF) urgently needs to be considered. This paper simulates the bioaccessibility of PM<sub<2.5</sub< heavy metals in acidic intracellular and neutral extracellular deposition environments by simulating lung fluid. The multipath particle dosimetry model was used to simulate DF of PM<sub<2.5</sub<. According to the exposure assessment method of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the inhalation exposure dose threshold was calculated, and the human health risk with different inhalation exposure doses was compared. The bioaccessibility of heavy metals is 12.1–36.2%. The total DF of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in adults was higher than that in children, and children were higher than adults in the pulmonary region, and gradually decreased with age. The inhalation exposure dose threshold is 0.04–14.2 mg·kg<sup<−1</sup<·day<sup<−1</sup< for the non-carcinogenic exposure dose and 0.007–0.043 mg·kg<sup<−1</sup<·day<sup<−1</sup< for the carcinogenic exposure dose. Cd and Pb in PM<sub<2.5</sub< in the study area have a non-carcinogenic risk to human health (hazard index < 1), and Cd has no or a potential carcinogenic risk to human health. A revised inhalation health risk assessment may avoid overestimation.
abstractGer	PM<sub<2.5</sub< can deposit and partially dissolve in the pulmonary region. In order to be consistent with the reality of the pulmonary region and avoid overestimating the inhalation human health risk, the bioaccessibility of PM<sub<2.5</sub< heavy metals and the deposition fraction (DF) urgently needs to be considered. This paper simulates the bioaccessibility of PM<sub<2.5</sub< heavy metals in acidic intracellular and neutral extracellular deposition environments by simulating lung fluid. The multipath particle dosimetry model was used to simulate DF of PM<sub<2.5</sub<. According to the exposure assessment method of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the inhalation exposure dose threshold was calculated, and the human health risk with different inhalation exposure doses was compared. The bioaccessibility of heavy metals is 12.1–36.2%. The total DF of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in adults was higher than that in children, and children were higher than adults in the pulmonary region, and gradually decreased with age. The inhalation exposure dose threshold is 0.04–14.2 mg·kg<sup<−1</sup<·day<sup<−1</sup< for the non-carcinogenic exposure dose and 0.007–0.043 mg·kg<sup<−1</sup<·day<sup<−1</sup< for the carcinogenic exposure dose. Cd and Pb in PM<sub<2.5</sub< in the study area have a non-carcinogenic risk to human health (hazard index < 1), and Cd has no or a potential carcinogenic risk to human health. A revised inhalation health risk assessment may avoid overestimation.
abstract_unstemmed	PM<sub<2.5</sub< can deposit and partially dissolve in the pulmonary region. In order to be consistent with the reality of the pulmonary region and avoid overestimating the inhalation human health risk, the bioaccessibility of PM<sub<2.5</sub< heavy metals and the deposition fraction (DF) urgently needs to be considered. This paper simulates the bioaccessibility of PM<sub<2.5</sub< heavy metals in acidic intracellular and neutral extracellular deposition environments by simulating lung fluid. The multipath particle dosimetry model was used to simulate DF of PM<sub<2.5</sub<. According to the exposure assessment method of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the inhalation exposure dose threshold was calculated, and the human health risk with different inhalation exposure doses was compared. The bioaccessibility of heavy metals is 12.1–36.2%. The total DF of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in adults was higher than that in children, and children were higher than adults in the pulmonary region, and gradually decreased with age. The inhalation exposure dose threshold is 0.04–14.2 mg·kg<sup<−1</sup<·day<sup<−1</sup< for the non-carcinogenic exposure dose and 0.007–0.043 mg·kg<sup<−1</sup<·day<sup<−1</sup< for the carcinogenic exposure dose. Cd and Pb in PM<sub<2.5</sub< in the study area have a non-carcinogenic risk to human health (hazard index < 1), and Cd has no or a potential carcinogenic risk to human health. A revised inhalation health risk assessment may avoid overestimation.
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title_short	Inhalation Bioaccessibility and Risk Assessment of Metals in PM<sub<2.5</sub< Based on a Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry Model in the Smelting District of Northeast China
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author2	Na Zheng Sujing Wang Yunyang Li Shengnan Hou Qirui An Changcheng Chen Xiaoqian Li Yining Ji Pengyang Li
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Inhalation Bioaccessibility and Risk Assessment of Metals in PM<sub<2.5</sub< Based on a Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry Model in the Smelting District of Northeast China

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