Assessment of Persistence of Gunshot Residues Produced by Firearms from Criminal Cases in the Republic of Kosovo

Gunshot residue (GSR) is a material formed during firearm discharge with a specific spheroidal/noncrystalline morphology and chemical composition. The examination of gunshot residue by SEM/EDS is an important tool in forensic studies and presents supporting evidence in criminal investigations. This...
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Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Milazim Tahirukaj [verfasserIn] Andriana Surleva [verfasserIn] Petrica Vizureanu [verfasserIn] Blerim Olluri [verfasserIn] Andrei Victor Sandu [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2022

Schlagwörter:	SEM-EDS GSR postdischarge time GSR persistence

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Applied Sciences - MDPI AG, 2012, 12(2022), 20, p 10477
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:12 ; year:2022 ; number:20, p 10477

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/app122010477

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ028005325

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callnumber-first	T - Technology
author	Milazim Tahirukaj
spellingShingle	Milazim Tahirukaj misc TA1-2040 misc QH301-705.5 misc QC1-999 misc QD1-999 misc SEM-EDS misc GSR misc postdischarge time misc GSR persistence misc Technology misc T misc Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) misc Biology (General) misc Physics misc Chemistry Assessment of Persistence of Gunshot Residues Produced by Firearms from Criminal Cases in the Republic of Kosovo
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topic_title	TA1-2040 QH301-705.5 QC1-999 QD1-999 Assessment of Persistence of Gunshot Residues Produced by Firearms from Criminal Cases in the Republic of Kosovo SEM-EDS GSR postdischarge time GSR persistence
topic	misc TA1-2040 misc QH301-705.5 misc QC1-999 misc QD1-999 misc SEM-EDS misc GSR misc postdischarge time misc GSR persistence misc Technology misc T misc Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) misc Biology (General) misc Physics misc Chemistry
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title	Assessment of Persistence of Gunshot Residues Produced by Firearms from Criminal Cases in the Republic of Kosovo
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title_full	Assessment of Persistence of Gunshot Residues Produced by Firearms from Criminal Cases in the Republic of Kosovo
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title_sort	assessment of persistence of gunshot residues produced by firearms from criminal cases in the republic of kosovo
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title_auth	Assessment of Persistence of Gunshot Residues Produced by Firearms from Criminal Cases in the Republic of Kosovo
abstract	Gunshot residue (GSR) is a material formed during firearm discharge with a specific spheroidal/noncrystalline morphology and chemical composition. The examination of gunshot residue by SEM/EDS is an important tool in forensic studies and presents supporting evidence in criminal investigations. This study is aimed at exploring the number of particles characteristic of GSR identified by SEM/EDS as a function of time, gun caliber, the number of shots, and weather conditions. Firearms typically used in criminal cases in Kosovo were studied, and the experiments were conducted outdoors in the summer and winter seasons. Nine people made different numbers of shots from one to nine and followed a common office routine. An optimized and validated SEM/EDS protocol was applied with a sensitivity of 95%, a bias of −5%, a repeatability of 2% (RSD), a within-lab reproducibility of 2% (RSD), and an expanded uncertainty of the number of GSR particles of 6% at coverage factor k = 2. The results showed that GSR particles could be identified by SEM/EDS five to seven hours after shooting, depending on the weapon used and number of produced shots. The results will benefit forensic scientists by providing a supportive tool for hypothesizing the time interval between firearm discharge and GSR sampling.
abstractGer	Gunshot residue (GSR) is a material formed during firearm discharge with a specific spheroidal/noncrystalline morphology and chemical composition. The examination of gunshot residue by SEM/EDS is an important tool in forensic studies and presents supporting evidence in criminal investigations. This study is aimed at exploring the number of particles characteristic of GSR identified by SEM/EDS as a function of time, gun caliber, the number of shots, and weather conditions. Firearms typically used in criminal cases in Kosovo were studied, and the experiments were conducted outdoors in the summer and winter seasons. Nine people made different numbers of shots from one to nine and followed a common office routine. An optimized and validated SEM/EDS protocol was applied with a sensitivity of 95%, a bias of −5%, a repeatability of 2% (RSD), a within-lab reproducibility of 2% (RSD), and an expanded uncertainty of the number of GSR particles of 6% at coverage factor k = 2. The results showed that GSR particles could be identified by SEM/EDS five to seven hours after shooting, depending on the weapon used and number of produced shots. The results will benefit forensic scientists by providing a supportive tool for hypothesizing the time interval between firearm discharge and GSR sampling.
abstract_unstemmed	Gunshot residue (GSR) is a material formed during firearm discharge with a specific spheroidal/noncrystalline morphology and chemical composition. The examination of gunshot residue by SEM/EDS is an important tool in forensic studies and presents supporting evidence in criminal investigations. This study is aimed at exploring the number of particles characteristic of GSR identified by SEM/EDS as a function of time, gun caliber, the number of shots, and weather conditions. Firearms typically used in criminal cases in Kosovo were studied, and the experiments were conducted outdoors in the summer and winter seasons. Nine people made different numbers of shots from one to nine and followed a common office routine. An optimized and validated SEM/EDS protocol was applied with a sensitivity of 95%, a bias of −5%, a repeatability of 2% (RSD), a within-lab reproducibility of 2% (RSD), and an expanded uncertainty of the number of GSR particles of 6% at coverage factor k = 2. The results showed that GSR particles could be identified by SEM/EDS five to seven hours after shooting, depending on the weapon used and number of produced shots. The results will benefit forensic scientists by providing a supportive tool for hypothesizing the time interval between firearm discharge and GSR sampling.
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title_short	Assessment of Persistence of Gunshot Residues Produced by Firearms from Criminal Cases in the Republic of Kosovo
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Assessment of Persistence of Gunshot Residues Produced by Firearms from Criminal Cases in the Republic of Kosovo

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