Serological evidence of discrete spatial clusters of Plasmodium falciparum parasites.

Malaria transmission may be considered to be homogenous with well-mixed parasite populations (as in the classic Ross/Macdonald models). Marked fine-scale heterogeneity of transmission has been observed in the field (i.e., over a few kilometres), but there are relatively few data on the degree of mix...
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Autor*in:	Philip Bejon [verfasserIn] Louise Turner [verfasserIn] Thomas Lavstsen [verfasserIn] Gerald Cham [verfasserIn] Ally Olotu [verfasserIn] Chris J Drakeley [verfasserIn] Marc Lievens [verfasserIn] Johan Vekemans [verfasserIn] Barbara Savarese [verfasserIn] John Lusingu [verfasserIn] Lorenz von Seidlein [verfasserIn] Peter C Bull [verfasserIn] Kevin Marsh [verfasserIn] Thor G Theander [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2011

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: PLoS ONE - Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2007, 6(2011), 6, p e21711
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:6 ; year:2011 ; number:6, p e21711

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.1371/journal.pone.0021711

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ031834876

Internformat


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520			\|a Malaria transmission may be considered to be homogenous with well-mixed parasite populations (as in the classic Ross/Macdonald models). Marked fine-scale heterogeneity of transmission has been observed in the field (i.e., over a few kilometres), but there are relatively few data on the degree of mixing. Since the Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1) is highly polymorphic, the host's serological responses may be used to infer exposure to parasite sub-populations.We measured the antibody responses to 46 individual PfEMP1 domains at four time points among 450 children in Kenya, and identified distinct spatial clusters of antibody responses to individual domains. 35 domains showed strongly significant sero-clusters at p = 0.001. Individuals within the high transmission hotspot showed the greatest diversity of anti-PfEMP1 responses. Individuals outside the hotspot had a less diverse range of responses, even if as individuals they were at relatively intense exposure.We infer that antigenically distinct sub-populations of parasites exist on a fine spatial scale in a study area of rural Kenya. Further studies should examine antigenic variation over longer periods of time and in different study areas.
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publishDate	2011
allfields	10.1371/journal.pone.0021711 doi (DE-627)DOAJ031834876 (DE-599)DOAJe633e996ede149838f4660c00871dd4b DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Philip Bejon verfasserin aut Serological evidence of discrete spatial clusters of Plasmodium falciparum parasites. 2011 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Malaria transmission may be considered to be homogenous with well-mixed parasite populations (as in the classic Ross/Macdonald models). Marked fine-scale heterogeneity of transmission has been observed in the field (i.e., over a few kilometres), but there are relatively few data on the degree of mixing. Since the Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1) is highly polymorphic, the host's serological responses may be used to infer exposure to parasite sub-populations.We measured the antibody responses to 46 individual PfEMP1 domains at four time points among 450 children in Kenya, and identified distinct spatial clusters of antibody responses to individual domains. 35 domains showed strongly significant sero-clusters at p = 0.001. Individuals within the high transmission hotspot showed the greatest diversity of anti-PfEMP1 responses. Individuals outside the hotspot had a less diverse range of responses, even if as individuals they were at relatively intense exposure.We infer that antigenically distinct sub-populations of parasites exist on a fine spatial scale in a study area of rural Kenya. Further studies should examine antigenic variation over longer periods of time and in different study areas. Medicine R Science Q Louise Turner verfasserin aut Thomas Lavstsen verfasserin aut Gerald Cham verfasserin aut Ally Olotu verfasserin aut Chris J Drakeley verfasserin aut Marc Lievens verfasserin aut Johan Vekemans verfasserin aut Barbara Savarese verfasserin aut John Lusingu verfasserin aut Lorenz von Seidlein verfasserin aut Peter C Bull verfasserin aut Kevin Marsh verfasserin aut Thor G Theander verfasserin aut In PLoS ONE Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2007 6(2011), 6, p e21711 (DE-627)523574592 (DE-600)2267670-3 19326203 nnns volume:6 year:2011 number:6, p e21711 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021711 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/e633e996ede149838f4660c00871dd4b kostenfrei http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3126844?pdf=render kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_34 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_235 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2011 6, p e21711
spelling	10.1371/journal.pone.0021711 doi (DE-627)DOAJ031834876 (DE-599)DOAJe633e996ede149838f4660c00871dd4b DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Philip Bejon verfasserin aut Serological evidence of discrete spatial clusters of Plasmodium falciparum parasites. 2011 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Malaria transmission may be considered to be homogenous with well-mixed parasite populations (as in the classic Ross/Macdonald models). Marked fine-scale heterogeneity of transmission has been observed in the field (i.e., over a few kilometres), but there are relatively few data on the degree of mixing. Since the Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1) is highly polymorphic, the host's serological responses may be used to infer exposure to parasite sub-populations.We measured the antibody responses to 46 individual PfEMP1 domains at four time points among 450 children in Kenya, and identified distinct spatial clusters of antibody responses to individual domains. 35 domains showed strongly significant sero-clusters at p = 0.001. Individuals within the high transmission hotspot showed the greatest diversity of anti-PfEMP1 responses. Individuals outside the hotspot had a less diverse range of responses, even if as individuals they were at relatively intense exposure.We infer that antigenically distinct sub-populations of parasites exist on a fine spatial scale in a study area of rural Kenya. Further studies should examine antigenic variation over longer periods of time and in different study areas. Medicine R Science Q Louise Turner verfasserin aut Thomas Lavstsen verfasserin aut Gerald Cham verfasserin aut Ally Olotu verfasserin aut Chris J Drakeley verfasserin aut Marc Lievens verfasserin aut Johan Vekemans verfasserin aut Barbara Savarese verfasserin aut John Lusingu verfasserin aut Lorenz von Seidlein verfasserin aut Peter C Bull verfasserin aut Kevin Marsh verfasserin aut Thor G Theander verfasserin aut In PLoS ONE Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2007 6(2011), 6, p e21711 (DE-627)523574592 (DE-600)2267670-3 19326203 nnns volume:6 year:2011 number:6, p e21711 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021711 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/e633e996ede149838f4660c00871dd4b kostenfrei http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3126844?pdf=render kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_34 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_235 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2011 6, p e21711
allfields_unstemmed	10.1371/journal.pone.0021711 doi (DE-627)DOAJ031834876 (DE-599)DOAJe633e996ede149838f4660c00871dd4b DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Philip Bejon verfasserin aut Serological evidence of discrete spatial clusters of Plasmodium falciparum parasites. 2011 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Malaria transmission may be considered to be homogenous with well-mixed parasite populations (as in the classic Ross/Macdonald models). Marked fine-scale heterogeneity of transmission has been observed in the field (i.e., over a few kilometres), but there are relatively few data on the degree of mixing. Since the Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1) is highly polymorphic, the host's serological responses may be used to infer exposure to parasite sub-populations.We measured the antibody responses to 46 individual PfEMP1 domains at four time points among 450 children in Kenya, and identified distinct spatial clusters of antibody responses to individual domains. 35 domains showed strongly significant sero-clusters at p = 0.001. Individuals within the high transmission hotspot showed the greatest diversity of anti-PfEMP1 responses. Individuals outside the hotspot had a less diverse range of responses, even if as individuals they were at relatively intense exposure.We infer that antigenically distinct sub-populations of parasites exist on a fine spatial scale in a study area of rural Kenya. Further studies should examine antigenic variation over longer periods of time and in different study areas. Medicine R Science Q Louise Turner verfasserin aut Thomas Lavstsen verfasserin aut Gerald Cham verfasserin aut Ally Olotu verfasserin aut Chris J Drakeley verfasserin aut Marc Lievens verfasserin aut Johan Vekemans verfasserin aut Barbara Savarese verfasserin aut John Lusingu verfasserin aut Lorenz von Seidlein verfasserin aut Peter C Bull verfasserin aut Kevin Marsh verfasserin aut Thor G Theander verfasserin aut In PLoS ONE Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2007 6(2011), 6, p e21711 (DE-627)523574592 (DE-600)2267670-3 19326203 nnns volume:6 year:2011 number:6, p e21711 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021711 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/e633e996ede149838f4660c00871dd4b kostenfrei http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3126844?pdf=render kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_34 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_235 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2011 6, p e21711
allfieldsGer	10.1371/journal.pone.0021711 doi (DE-627)DOAJ031834876 (DE-599)DOAJe633e996ede149838f4660c00871dd4b DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Philip Bejon verfasserin aut Serological evidence of discrete spatial clusters of Plasmodium falciparum parasites. 2011 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Malaria transmission may be considered to be homogenous with well-mixed parasite populations (as in the classic Ross/Macdonald models). Marked fine-scale heterogeneity of transmission has been observed in the field (i.e., over a few kilometres), but there are relatively few data on the degree of mixing. Since the Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1) is highly polymorphic, the host's serological responses may be used to infer exposure to parasite sub-populations.We measured the antibody responses to 46 individual PfEMP1 domains at four time points among 450 children in Kenya, and identified distinct spatial clusters of antibody responses to individual domains. 35 domains showed strongly significant sero-clusters at p = 0.001. Individuals within the high transmission hotspot showed the greatest diversity of anti-PfEMP1 responses. Individuals outside the hotspot had a less diverse range of responses, even if as individuals they were at relatively intense exposure.We infer that antigenically distinct sub-populations of parasites exist on a fine spatial scale in a study area of rural Kenya. Further studies should examine antigenic variation over longer periods of time and in different study areas. Medicine R Science Q Louise Turner verfasserin aut Thomas Lavstsen verfasserin aut Gerald Cham verfasserin aut Ally Olotu verfasserin aut Chris J Drakeley verfasserin aut Marc Lievens verfasserin aut Johan Vekemans verfasserin aut Barbara Savarese verfasserin aut John Lusingu verfasserin aut Lorenz von Seidlein verfasserin aut Peter C Bull verfasserin aut Kevin Marsh verfasserin aut Thor G Theander verfasserin aut In PLoS ONE Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2007 6(2011), 6, p e21711 (DE-627)523574592 (DE-600)2267670-3 19326203 nnns volume:6 year:2011 number:6, p e21711 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021711 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/e633e996ede149838f4660c00871dd4b kostenfrei http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3126844?pdf=render kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_34 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_235 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2011 6, p e21711
allfieldsSound	10.1371/journal.pone.0021711 doi (DE-627)DOAJ031834876 (DE-599)DOAJe633e996ede149838f4660c00871dd4b DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Philip Bejon verfasserin aut Serological evidence of discrete spatial clusters of Plasmodium falciparum parasites. 2011 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Malaria transmission may be considered to be homogenous with well-mixed parasite populations (as in the classic Ross/Macdonald models). Marked fine-scale heterogeneity of transmission has been observed in the field (i.e., over a few kilometres), but there are relatively few data on the degree of mixing. Since the Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1) is highly polymorphic, the host's serological responses may be used to infer exposure to parasite sub-populations.We measured the antibody responses to 46 individual PfEMP1 domains at four time points among 450 children in Kenya, and identified distinct spatial clusters of antibody responses to individual domains. 35 domains showed strongly significant sero-clusters at p = 0.001. Individuals within the high transmission hotspot showed the greatest diversity of anti-PfEMP1 responses. Individuals outside the hotspot had a less diverse range of responses, even if as individuals they were at relatively intense exposure.We infer that antigenically distinct sub-populations of parasites exist on a fine spatial scale in a study area of rural Kenya. Further studies should examine antigenic variation over longer periods of time and in different study areas. Medicine R Science Q Louise Turner verfasserin aut Thomas Lavstsen verfasserin aut Gerald Cham verfasserin aut Ally Olotu verfasserin aut Chris J Drakeley verfasserin aut Marc Lievens verfasserin aut Johan Vekemans verfasserin aut Barbara Savarese verfasserin aut John Lusingu verfasserin aut Lorenz von Seidlein verfasserin aut Peter C Bull verfasserin aut Kevin Marsh verfasserin aut Thor G Theander verfasserin aut In PLoS ONE Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2007 6(2011), 6, p e21711 (DE-627)523574592 (DE-600)2267670-3 19326203 nnns volume:6 year:2011 number:6, p e21711 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021711 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/e633e996ede149838f4660c00871dd4b kostenfrei http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3126844?pdf=render kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_34 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_235 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2011 6, p e21711
language	English
source	In PLoS ONE 6(2011), 6, p e21711 volume:6 year:2011 number:6, p e21711
sourceStr	In PLoS ONE 6(2011), 6, p e21711 volume:6 year:2011 number:6, p e21711
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Medicine R Science Q
isfreeaccess_bool	true
container_title	PLoS ONE
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Philip Bejon @@aut@@ Louise Turner @@aut@@ Thomas Lavstsen @@aut@@ Gerald Cham @@aut@@ Ally Olotu @@aut@@ Chris J Drakeley @@aut@@ Marc Lievens @@aut@@ Johan Vekemans @@aut@@ Barbara Savarese @@aut@@ John Lusingu @@aut@@ Lorenz von Seidlein @@aut@@ Peter C Bull @@aut@@ Kevin Marsh @@aut@@ Thor G Theander @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2011-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	523574592
id	DOAJ031834876
language_de	englisch
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author	Philip Bejon
spellingShingle	Philip Bejon misc Medicine misc R misc Science misc Q Serological evidence of discrete spatial clusters of Plasmodium falciparum parasites.
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title	Serological evidence of discrete spatial clusters of Plasmodium falciparum parasites.
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title_sort	serological evidence of discrete spatial clusters of plasmodium falciparum parasites
title_auth	Serological evidence of discrete spatial clusters of Plasmodium falciparum parasites.
abstract	Malaria transmission may be considered to be homogenous with well-mixed parasite populations (as in the classic Ross/Macdonald models). Marked fine-scale heterogeneity of transmission has been observed in the field (i.e., over a few kilometres), but there are relatively few data on the degree of mixing. Since the Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1) is highly polymorphic, the host's serological responses may be used to infer exposure to parasite sub-populations.We measured the antibody responses to 46 individual PfEMP1 domains at four time points among 450 children in Kenya, and identified distinct spatial clusters of antibody responses to individual domains. 35 domains showed strongly significant sero-clusters at p = 0.001. Individuals within the high transmission hotspot showed the greatest diversity of anti-PfEMP1 responses. Individuals outside the hotspot had a less diverse range of responses, even if as individuals they were at relatively intense exposure.We infer that antigenically distinct sub-populations of parasites exist on a fine spatial scale in a study area of rural Kenya. Further studies should examine antigenic variation over longer periods of time and in different study areas.
abstractGer	Malaria transmission may be considered to be homogenous with well-mixed parasite populations (as in the classic Ross/Macdonald models). Marked fine-scale heterogeneity of transmission has been observed in the field (i.e., over a few kilometres), but there are relatively few data on the degree of mixing. Since the Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1) is highly polymorphic, the host's serological responses may be used to infer exposure to parasite sub-populations.We measured the antibody responses to 46 individual PfEMP1 domains at four time points among 450 children in Kenya, and identified distinct spatial clusters of antibody responses to individual domains. 35 domains showed strongly significant sero-clusters at p = 0.001. Individuals within the high transmission hotspot showed the greatest diversity of anti-PfEMP1 responses. Individuals outside the hotspot had a less diverse range of responses, even if as individuals they were at relatively intense exposure.We infer that antigenically distinct sub-populations of parasites exist on a fine spatial scale in a study area of rural Kenya. Further studies should examine antigenic variation over longer periods of time and in different study areas.
abstract_unstemmed	Malaria transmission may be considered to be homogenous with well-mixed parasite populations (as in the classic Ross/Macdonald models). Marked fine-scale heterogeneity of transmission has been observed in the field (i.e., over a few kilometres), but there are relatively few data on the degree of mixing. Since the Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1) is highly polymorphic, the host's serological responses may be used to infer exposure to parasite sub-populations.We measured the antibody responses to 46 individual PfEMP1 domains at four time points among 450 children in Kenya, and identified distinct spatial clusters of antibody responses to individual domains. 35 domains showed strongly significant sero-clusters at p = 0.001. Individuals within the high transmission hotspot showed the greatest diversity of anti-PfEMP1 responses. Individuals outside the hotspot had a less diverse range of responses, even if as individuals they were at relatively intense exposure.We infer that antigenically distinct sub-populations of parasites exist on a fine spatial scale in a study area of rural Kenya. Further studies should examine antigenic variation over longer periods of time and in different study areas.
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title_short	Serological evidence of discrete spatial clusters of Plasmodium falciparum parasites.
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Serological evidence of discrete spatial clusters of Plasmodium falciparum parasites.

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