Correlates of violent suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder

Background: Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in bipolar disorder (BD); violent suicide attempts are associated with the highest level of lethality. We aimed to evaluate factors related to the risk of violent suicide in a large naturalistic sample of patients with BD; in addition, we analyzed the rates of lifetime suicide attempts and the variables associated with suicidal behavior. Methods: We recruited 847 patients with BD. Patients were grouped according to whether they had a lifetime history of suicide attempts and, among suicide attempters, subjects who had used a violent suicide method were compared with those who had attempted suicide with a nonviolent method. Comparisons were performed using χ2 tests for categorical variables and ANOVA for continuous variables. Logistic regression (LogReg) was used to identify explanatory variables associated with violent suicide attempts (dependent variable). Results: Two hundred and two patients (24%) had a lifetime history of suicide attempts. Subjects with at least one lifetime suicide attempt showed longer duration of illness (22.4 ± 14.1 years vs 19.9 ± 14.2 years: p 0.028), more lifetime hypomanic episodes (3.3 ± 4.3 vs 2.3 ± 3.1: p 0.001), more lifetime depressive episodes (6.0 ± 4.4 vs 4.7 ± 4.1: p < 0.001), higher rates of lifetime psychiatric comorbidities (50.0% vs 41.3%: p 0.029), higher rates of lifetime medical comorbidities (58.0% vs 48.9%: p 0.028) and higher rates of reduced HDL cholesterol (46.2% vs 36.7%: p 0.030). Among suicide attempters, fifty-two patients (30.6%) attempted suicide with a violent method. We found more men in the group of violent suicide attempters than in the group of nonviolent suicide attempters (65% vs 28%; p: <0.001). Moreover subjects with previous violent attempts showed higher mean values of weight (80.5 ± 18.3 vs 69.4 ± 14.7: p < 0.001), body mass index (27.8 ± 5.6 vs 25.2 ± 4.7: p < 0.003) and waist circumference (98.7 ± 18.5 vs 92.4 ± 14.3: p 0.032). The LogReg analysis confirmed the association of violent attempts with male gender (p: <0.001; Phi: 0.35) and higher waist circumference (p: <0.001; Cohen’s d: 0.39). Limitations: In our research we analyzed lifetime suicide attempts, but the sample does not include completed suicides, meaning that we are unable to test whether the results are generalizable to suicide deaths. Moreover, some relevant variables, such as medical comorbidities/metabolic parameters at the time of suicide attempts and previous medication, were not collected. Another limitation concerns the heterogeneity of recruited patients in terms of clinical characteristics (e.g.: medical conditions, drug treatments), with potential confounding factors. Conclusions: The present study confirms the association between male gender and violent suicide and suggests a correlation between obesity and the use of violent suicide methods. The relationship between obesity and suicidal behaviour is worthy of interest and deserves to be explored by further studies. Keywords: Bipolar disorder, Suicide attempts, Violent suicide Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Gianluca Rosso [verfasserIn] Umberto Albert [verfasserIn] Stefano Bramante [verfasserIn] Elena Aragno [verfasserIn] Federica Quarato [verfasserIn] Gabriele Di Salvo [verfasserIn] Giuseppe Maina [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2020

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Comprehensive Psychiatry - Elsevier, 2019, 96(2020), Seite -
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:96 ; year:2020 ; pages:-

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152136

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ031940978

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520			\|a Background: Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in bipolar disorder (BD); violent suicide attempts are associated with the highest level of lethality. We aimed to evaluate factors related to the risk of violent suicide in a large naturalistic sample of patients with BD; in addition, we analyzed the rates of lifetime suicide attempts and the variables associated with suicidal behavior. Methods: We recruited 847 patients with BD. Patients were grouped according to whether they had a lifetime history of suicide attempts and, among suicide attempters, subjects who had used a violent suicide method were compared with those who had attempted suicide with a nonviolent method. Comparisons were performed using χ2 tests for categorical variables and ANOVA for continuous variables. Logistic regression (LogReg) was used to identify explanatory variables associated with violent suicide attempts (dependent variable). Results: Two hundred and two patients (24%) had a lifetime history of suicide attempts. Subjects with at least one lifetime suicide attempt showed longer duration of illness (22.4 ± 14.1 years vs 19.9 ± 14.2 years: p 0.028), more lifetime hypomanic episodes (3.3 ± 4.3 vs 2.3 ± 3.1: p 0.001), more lifetime depressive episodes (6.0 ± 4.4 vs 4.7 ± 4.1: p < 0.001), higher rates of lifetime psychiatric comorbidities (50.0% vs 41.3%: p 0.029), higher rates of lifetime medical comorbidities (58.0% vs 48.9%: p 0.028) and higher rates of reduced HDL cholesterol (46.2% vs 36.7%: p 0.030). Among suicide attempters, fifty-two patients (30.6%) attempted suicide with a violent method. We found more men in the group of violent suicide attempters than in the group of nonviolent suicide attempters (65% vs 28%; p: <0.001). Moreover subjects with previous violent attempts showed higher mean values of weight (80.5 ± 18.3 vs 69.4 ± 14.7: p < 0.001), body mass index (27.8 ± 5.6 vs 25.2 ± 4.7: p < 0.003) and waist circumference (98.7 ± 18.5 vs 92.4 ± 14.3: p 0.032). The LogReg analysis confirmed the association of violent attempts with male gender (p: <0.001; Phi: 0.35) and higher waist circumference (p: <0.001; Cohen’s d: 0.39). Limitations: In our research we analyzed lifetime suicide attempts, but the sample does not include completed suicides, meaning that we are unable to test whether the results are generalizable to suicide deaths. Moreover, some relevant variables, such as medical comorbidities/metabolic parameters at the time of suicide attempts and previous medication, were not collected. Another limitation concerns the heterogeneity of recruited patients in terms of clinical characteristics (e.g.: medical conditions, drug treatments), with potential confounding factors. Conclusions: The present study confirms the association between male gender and violent suicide and suggests a correlation between obesity and the use of violent suicide methods. The relationship between obesity and suicidal behaviour is worthy of interest and deserves to be explored by further studies. Keywords: Bipolar disorder, Suicide attempts, Violent suicide
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allfields	10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152136 doi (DE-627)DOAJ031940978 (DE-599)DOAJ7b21d4cf51294dc1928e9128dffbebe2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC435-571 Gianluca Rosso verfasserin aut Correlates of violent suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in bipolar disorder (BD); violent suicide attempts are associated with the highest level of lethality. We aimed to evaluate factors related to the risk of violent suicide in a large naturalistic sample of patients with BD; in addition, we analyzed the rates of lifetime suicide attempts and the variables associated with suicidal behavior. Methods: We recruited 847 patients with BD. Patients were grouped according to whether they had a lifetime history of suicide attempts and, among suicide attempters, subjects who had used a violent suicide method were compared with those who had attempted suicide with a nonviolent method. Comparisons were performed using χ2 tests for categorical variables and ANOVA for continuous variables. Logistic regression (LogReg) was used to identify explanatory variables associated with violent suicide attempts (dependent variable). Results: Two hundred and two patients (24%) had a lifetime history of suicide attempts. Subjects with at least one lifetime suicide attempt showed longer duration of illness (22.4 ± 14.1 years vs 19.9 ± 14.2 years: p 0.028), more lifetime hypomanic episodes (3.3 ± 4.3 vs 2.3 ± 3.1: p 0.001), more lifetime depressive episodes (6.0 ± 4.4 vs 4.7 ± 4.1: p < 0.001), higher rates of lifetime psychiatric comorbidities (50.0% vs 41.3%: p 0.029), higher rates of lifetime medical comorbidities (58.0% vs 48.9%: p 0.028) and higher rates of reduced HDL cholesterol (46.2% vs 36.7%: p 0.030). Among suicide attempters, fifty-two patients (30.6%) attempted suicide with a violent method. We found more men in the group of violent suicide attempters than in the group of nonviolent suicide attempters (65% vs 28%; p: <0.001). Moreover subjects with previous violent attempts showed higher mean values of weight (80.5 ± 18.3 vs 69.4 ± 14.7: p < 0.001), body mass index (27.8 ± 5.6 vs 25.2 ± 4.7: p < 0.003) and waist circumference (98.7 ± 18.5 vs 92.4 ± 14.3: p 0.032). The LogReg analysis confirmed the association of violent attempts with male gender (p: <0.001; Phi: 0.35) and higher waist circumference (p: <0.001; Cohen’s d: 0.39). Limitations: In our research we analyzed lifetime suicide attempts, but the sample does not include completed suicides, meaning that we are unable to test whether the results are generalizable to suicide deaths. Moreover, some relevant variables, such as medical comorbidities/metabolic parameters at the time of suicide attempts and previous medication, were not collected. Another limitation concerns the heterogeneity of recruited patients in terms of clinical characteristics (e.g.: medical conditions, drug treatments), with potential confounding factors. Conclusions: The present study confirms the association between male gender and violent suicide and suggests a correlation between obesity and the use of violent suicide methods. The relationship between obesity and suicidal behaviour is worthy of interest and deserves to be explored by further studies. Keywords: Bipolar disorder, Suicide attempts, Violent suicide Psychiatry Umberto Albert verfasserin aut Stefano Bramante verfasserin aut Elena Aragno verfasserin aut Federica Quarato verfasserin aut Gabriele Di Salvo verfasserin aut Giuseppe Maina verfasserin aut In Comprehensive Psychiatry Elsevier, 2019 96(2020), Seite - (DE-627)330080377 (DE-600)2049049-5 15328384 nnns volume:96 year:2020 pages:- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152136 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/7b21d4cf51294dc1928e9128dffbebe2 kostenfrei http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X19300598 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0010-440X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_165 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 96 2020 -
spelling	10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152136 doi (DE-627)DOAJ031940978 (DE-599)DOAJ7b21d4cf51294dc1928e9128dffbebe2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC435-571 Gianluca Rosso verfasserin aut Correlates of violent suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in bipolar disorder (BD); violent suicide attempts are associated with the highest level of lethality. We aimed to evaluate factors related to the risk of violent suicide in a large naturalistic sample of patients with BD; in addition, we analyzed the rates of lifetime suicide attempts and the variables associated with suicidal behavior. Methods: We recruited 847 patients with BD. Patients were grouped according to whether they had a lifetime history of suicide attempts and, among suicide attempters, subjects who had used a violent suicide method were compared with those who had attempted suicide with a nonviolent method. Comparisons were performed using χ2 tests for categorical variables and ANOVA for continuous variables. Logistic regression (LogReg) was used to identify explanatory variables associated with violent suicide attempts (dependent variable). Results: Two hundred and two patients (24%) had a lifetime history of suicide attempts. Subjects with at least one lifetime suicide attempt showed longer duration of illness (22.4 ± 14.1 years vs 19.9 ± 14.2 years: p 0.028), more lifetime hypomanic episodes (3.3 ± 4.3 vs 2.3 ± 3.1: p 0.001), more lifetime depressive episodes (6.0 ± 4.4 vs 4.7 ± 4.1: p < 0.001), higher rates of lifetime psychiatric comorbidities (50.0% vs 41.3%: p 0.029), higher rates of lifetime medical comorbidities (58.0% vs 48.9%: p 0.028) and higher rates of reduced HDL cholesterol (46.2% vs 36.7%: p 0.030). Among suicide attempters, fifty-two patients (30.6%) attempted suicide with a violent method. We found more men in the group of violent suicide attempters than in the group of nonviolent suicide attempters (65% vs 28%; p: <0.001). Moreover subjects with previous violent attempts showed higher mean values of weight (80.5 ± 18.3 vs 69.4 ± 14.7: p < 0.001), body mass index (27.8 ± 5.6 vs 25.2 ± 4.7: p < 0.003) and waist circumference (98.7 ± 18.5 vs 92.4 ± 14.3: p 0.032). The LogReg analysis confirmed the association of violent attempts with male gender (p: <0.001; Phi: 0.35) and higher waist circumference (p: <0.001; Cohen’s d: 0.39). Limitations: In our research we analyzed lifetime suicide attempts, but the sample does not include completed suicides, meaning that we are unable to test whether the results are generalizable to suicide deaths. Moreover, some relevant variables, such as medical comorbidities/metabolic parameters at the time of suicide attempts and previous medication, were not collected. Another limitation concerns the heterogeneity of recruited patients in terms of clinical characteristics (e.g.: medical conditions, drug treatments), with potential confounding factors. Conclusions: The present study confirms the association between male gender and violent suicide and suggests a correlation between obesity and the use of violent suicide methods. The relationship between obesity and suicidal behaviour is worthy of interest and deserves to be explored by further studies. Keywords: Bipolar disorder, Suicide attempts, Violent suicide Psychiatry Umberto Albert verfasserin aut Stefano Bramante verfasserin aut Elena Aragno verfasserin aut Federica Quarato verfasserin aut Gabriele Di Salvo verfasserin aut Giuseppe Maina verfasserin aut In Comprehensive Psychiatry Elsevier, 2019 96(2020), Seite - (DE-627)330080377 (DE-600)2049049-5 15328384 nnns volume:96 year:2020 pages:- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152136 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/7b21d4cf51294dc1928e9128dffbebe2 kostenfrei http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X19300598 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0010-440X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_165 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 96 2020 -
allfields_unstemmed	10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152136 doi (DE-627)DOAJ031940978 (DE-599)DOAJ7b21d4cf51294dc1928e9128dffbebe2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC435-571 Gianluca Rosso verfasserin aut Correlates of violent suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in bipolar disorder (BD); violent suicide attempts are associated with the highest level of lethality. We aimed to evaluate factors related to the risk of violent suicide in a large naturalistic sample of patients with BD; in addition, we analyzed the rates of lifetime suicide attempts and the variables associated with suicidal behavior. Methods: We recruited 847 patients with BD. Patients were grouped according to whether they had a lifetime history of suicide attempts and, among suicide attempters, subjects who had used a violent suicide method were compared with those who had attempted suicide with a nonviolent method. Comparisons were performed using χ2 tests for categorical variables and ANOVA for continuous variables. Logistic regression (LogReg) was used to identify explanatory variables associated with violent suicide attempts (dependent variable). Results: Two hundred and two patients (24%) had a lifetime history of suicide attempts. Subjects with at least one lifetime suicide attempt showed longer duration of illness (22.4 ± 14.1 years vs 19.9 ± 14.2 years: p 0.028), more lifetime hypomanic episodes (3.3 ± 4.3 vs 2.3 ± 3.1: p 0.001), more lifetime depressive episodes (6.0 ± 4.4 vs 4.7 ± 4.1: p < 0.001), higher rates of lifetime psychiatric comorbidities (50.0% vs 41.3%: p 0.029), higher rates of lifetime medical comorbidities (58.0% vs 48.9%: p 0.028) and higher rates of reduced HDL cholesterol (46.2% vs 36.7%: p 0.030). Among suicide attempters, fifty-two patients (30.6%) attempted suicide with a violent method. We found more men in the group of violent suicide attempters than in the group of nonviolent suicide attempters (65% vs 28%; p: <0.001). Moreover subjects with previous violent attempts showed higher mean values of weight (80.5 ± 18.3 vs 69.4 ± 14.7: p < 0.001), body mass index (27.8 ± 5.6 vs 25.2 ± 4.7: p < 0.003) and waist circumference (98.7 ± 18.5 vs 92.4 ± 14.3: p 0.032). The LogReg analysis confirmed the association of violent attempts with male gender (p: <0.001; Phi: 0.35) and higher waist circumference (p: <0.001; Cohen’s d: 0.39). Limitations: In our research we analyzed lifetime suicide attempts, but the sample does not include completed suicides, meaning that we are unable to test whether the results are generalizable to suicide deaths. Moreover, some relevant variables, such as medical comorbidities/metabolic parameters at the time of suicide attempts and previous medication, were not collected. Another limitation concerns the heterogeneity of recruited patients in terms of clinical characteristics (e.g.: medical conditions, drug treatments), with potential confounding factors. Conclusions: The present study confirms the association between male gender and violent suicide and suggests a correlation between obesity and the use of violent suicide methods. The relationship between obesity and suicidal behaviour is worthy of interest and deserves to be explored by further studies. Keywords: Bipolar disorder, Suicide attempts, Violent suicide Psychiatry Umberto Albert verfasserin aut Stefano Bramante verfasserin aut Elena Aragno verfasserin aut Federica Quarato verfasserin aut Gabriele Di Salvo verfasserin aut Giuseppe Maina verfasserin aut In Comprehensive Psychiatry Elsevier, 2019 96(2020), Seite - (DE-627)330080377 (DE-600)2049049-5 15328384 nnns volume:96 year:2020 pages:- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152136 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/7b21d4cf51294dc1928e9128dffbebe2 kostenfrei http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X19300598 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0010-440X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_165 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 96 2020 -
allfieldsGer	10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152136 doi (DE-627)DOAJ031940978 (DE-599)DOAJ7b21d4cf51294dc1928e9128dffbebe2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC435-571 Gianluca Rosso verfasserin aut Correlates of violent suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in bipolar disorder (BD); violent suicide attempts are associated with the highest level of lethality. We aimed to evaluate factors related to the risk of violent suicide in a large naturalistic sample of patients with BD; in addition, we analyzed the rates of lifetime suicide attempts and the variables associated with suicidal behavior. Methods: We recruited 847 patients with BD. Patients were grouped according to whether they had a lifetime history of suicide attempts and, among suicide attempters, subjects who had used a violent suicide method were compared with those who had attempted suicide with a nonviolent method. Comparisons were performed using χ2 tests for categorical variables and ANOVA for continuous variables. Logistic regression (LogReg) was used to identify explanatory variables associated with violent suicide attempts (dependent variable). Results: Two hundred and two patients (24%) had a lifetime history of suicide attempts. Subjects with at least one lifetime suicide attempt showed longer duration of illness (22.4 ± 14.1 years vs 19.9 ± 14.2 years: p 0.028), more lifetime hypomanic episodes (3.3 ± 4.3 vs 2.3 ± 3.1: p 0.001), more lifetime depressive episodes (6.0 ± 4.4 vs 4.7 ± 4.1: p < 0.001), higher rates of lifetime psychiatric comorbidities (50.0% vs 41.3%: p 0.029), higher rates of lifetime medical comorbidities (58.0% vs 48.9%: p 0.028) and higher rates of reduced HDL cholesterol (46.2% vs 36.7%: p 0.030). Among suicide attempters, fifty-two patients (30.6%) attempted suicide with a violent method. We found more men in the group of violent suicide attempters than in the group of nonviolent suicide attempters (65% vs 28%; p: <0.001). Moreover subjects with previous violent attempts showed higher mean values of weight (80.5 ± 18.3 vs 69.4 ± 14.7: p < 0.001), body mass index (27.8 ± 5.6 vs 25.2 ± 4.7: p < 0.003) and waist circumference (98.7 ± 18.5 vs 92.4 ± 14.3: p 0.032). The LogReg analysis confirmed the association of violent attempts with male gender (p: <0.001; Phi: 0.35) and higher waist circumference (p: <0.001; Cohen’s d: 0.39). Limitations: In our research we analyzed lifetime suicide attempts, but the sample does not include completed suicides, meaning that we are unable to test whether the results are generalizable to suicide deaths. Moreover, some relevant variables, such as medical comorbidities/metabolic parameters at the time of suicide attempts and previous medication, were not collected. Another limitation concerns the heterogeneity of recruited patients in terms of clinical characteristics (e.g.: medical conditions, drug treatments), with potential confounding factors. Conclusions: The present study confirms the association between male gender and violent suicide and suggests a correlation between obesity and the use of violent suicide methods. The relationship between obesity and suicidal behaviour is worthy of interest and deserves to be explored by further studies. Keywords: Bipolar disorder, Suicide attempts, Violent suicide Psychiatry Umberto Albert verfasserin aut Stefano Bramante verfasserin aut Elena Aragno verfasserin aut Federica Quarato verfasserin aut Gabriele Di Salvo verfasserin aut Giuseppe Maina verfasserin aut In Comprehensive Psychiatry Elsevier, 2019 96(2020), Seite - (DE-627)330080377 (DE-600)2049049-5 15328384 nnns volume:96 year:2020 pages:- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152136 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/7b21d4cf51294dc1928e9128dffbebe2 kostenfrei http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X19300598 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0010-440X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_165 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 96 2020 -
allfieldsSound	10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152136 doi (DE-627)DOAJ031940978 (DE-599)DOAJ7b21d4cf51294dc1928e9128dffbebe2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC435-571 Gianluca Rosso verfasserin aut Correlates of violent suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in bipolar disorder (BD); violent suicide attempts are associated with the highest level of lethality. We aimed to evaluate factors related to the risk of violent suicide in a large naturalistic sample of patients with BD; in addition, we analyzed the rates of lifetime suicide attempts and the variables associated with suicidal behavior. Methods: We recruited 847 patients with BD. Patients were grouped according to whether they had a lifetime history of suicide attempts and, among suicide attempters, subjects who had used a violent suicide method were compared with those who had attempted suicide with a nonviolent method. Comparisons were performed using χ2 tests for categorical variables and ANOVA for continuous variables. Logistic regression (LogReg) was used to identify explanatory variables associated with violent suicide attempts (dependent variable). Results: Two hundred and two patients (24%) had a lifetime history of suicide attempts. Subjects with at least one lifetime suicide attempt showed longer duration of illness (22.4 ± 14.1 years vs 19.9 ± 14.2 years: p 0.028), more lifetime hypomanic episodes (3.3 ± 4.3 vs 2.3 ± 3.1: p 0.001), more lifetime depressive episodes (6.0 ± 4.4 vs 4.7 ± 4.1: p < 0.001), higher rates of lifetime psychiatric comorbidities (50.0% vs 41.3%: p 0.029), higher rates of lifetime medical comorbidities (58.0% vs 48.9%: p 0.028) and higher rates of reduced HDL cholesterol (46.2% vs 36.7%: p 0.030). Among suicide attempters, fifty-two patients (30.6%) attempted suicide with a violent method. We found more men in the group of violent suicide attempters than in the group of nonviolent suicide attempters (65% vs 28%; p: <0.001). Moreover subjects with previous violent attempts showed higher mean values of weight (80.5 ± 18.3 vs 69.4 ± 14.7: p < 0.001), body mass index (27.8 ± 5.6 vs 25.2 ± 4.7: p < 0.003) and waist circumference (98.7 ± 18.5 vs 92.4 ± 14.3: p 0.032). The LogReg analysis confirmed the association of violent attempts with male gender (p: <0.001; Phi: 0.35) and higher waist circumference (p: <0.001; Cohen’s d: 0.39). Limitations: In our research we analyzed lifetime suicide attempts, but the sample does not include completed suicides, meaning that we are unable to test whether the results are generalizable to suicide deaths. Moreover, some relevant variables, such as medical comorbidities/metabolic parameters at the time of suicide attempts and previous medication, were not collected. Another limitation concerns the heterogeneity of recruited patients in terms of clinical characteristics (e.g.: medical conditions, drug treatments), with potential confounding factors. Conclusions: The present study confirms the association between male gender and violent suicide and suggests a correlation between obesity and the use of violent suicide methods. The relationship between obesity and suicidal behaviour is worthy of interest and deserves to be explored by further studies. Keywords: Bipolar disorder, Suicide attempts, Violent suicide Psychiatry Umberto Albert verfasserin aut Stefano Bramante verfasserin aut Elena Aragno verfasserin aut Federica Quarato verfasserin aut Gabriele Di Salvo verfasserin aut Giuseppe Maina verfasserin aut In Comprehensive Psychiatry Elsevier, 2019 96(2020), Seite - (DE-627)330080377 (DE-600)2049049-5 15328384 nnns volume:96 year:2020 pages:- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152136 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/7b21d4cf51294dc1928e9128dffbebe2 kostenfrei http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X19300598 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0010-440X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_165 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 96 2020 -
language	English
source	In Comprehensive Psychiatry 96(2020), Seite - volume:96 year:2020 pages:-
sourceStr	In Comprehensive Psychiatry 96(2020), Seite - volume:96 year:2020 pages:-
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Psychiatry
isfreeaccess_bool	true
container_title	Comprehensive Psychiatry
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Gianluca Rosso @@aut@@ Umberto Albert @@aut@@ Stefano Bramante @@aut@@ Elena Aragno @@aut@@ Federica Quarato @@aut@@ Gabriele Di Salvo @@aut@@ Giuseppe Maina @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	330080377
id	DOAJ031940978
language_de	englisch
fullrecord	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">DOAJ031940978</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230307163633.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">230226s2020 xx \|\|\|\|\|o 00\| \|\|eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152136</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)DOAJ031940978</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)DOAJ7b21d4cf51294dc1928e9128dffbebe2</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">RC435-571</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Gianluca Rosso</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Correlates of violent suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2020</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Background: Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in bipolar disorder (BD); violent suicide attempts are associated with the highest level of lethality. We aimed to evaluate factors related to the risk of violent suicide in a large naturalistic sample of patients with BD; in addition, we analyzed the rates of lifetime suicide attempts and the variables associated with suicidal behavior. Methods: We recruited 847 patients with BD. Patients were grouped according to whether they had a lifetime history of suicide attempts and, among suicide attempters, subjects who had used a violent suicide method were compared with those who had attempted suicide with a nonviolent method. Comparisons were performed using χ2 tests for categorical variables and ANOVA for continuous variables. Logistic regression (LogReg) was used to identify explanatory variables associated with violent suicide attempts (dependent variable). Results: Two hundred and two patients (24%) had a lifetime history of suicide attempts. Subjects with at least one lifetime suicide attempt showed longer duration of illness (22.4 ± 14.1 years vs 19.9 ± 14.2 years: p 0.028), more lifetime hypomanic episodes (3.3 ± 4.3 vs 2.3 ± 3.1: p 0.001), more lifetime depressive episodes (6.0 ± 4.4 vs 4.7 ± 4.1: p < 0.001), higher rates of lifetime psychiatric comorbidities (50.0% vs 41.3%: p 0.029), higher rates of lifetime medical comorbidities (58.0% vs 48.9%: p 0.028) and higher rates of reduced HDL cholesterol (46.2% vs 36.7%: p 0.030). Among suicide attempters, fifty-two patients (30.6%) attempted suicide with a violent method. We found more men in the group of violent suicide attempters than in the group of nonviolent suicide attempters (65% vs 28%; p: <0.001). Moreover subjects with previous violent attempts showed higher mean values of weight (80.5 ± 18.3 vs 69.4 ± 14.7: p < 0.001), body mass index (27.8 ± 5.6 vs 25.2 ± 4.7: p < 0.003) and waist circumference (98.7 ± 18.5 vs 92.4 ± 14.3: p 0.032). The LogReg analysis confirmed the association of violent attempts with male gender (p: <0.001; Phi: 0.35) and higher waist circumference (p: <0.001; Cohen’s d: 0.39). Limitations: In our research we analyzed lifetime suicide attempts, but the sample does not include completed suicides, meaning that we are unable to test whether the results are generalizable to suicide deaths. Moreover, some relevant variables, such as medical comorbidities/metabolic parameters at the time of suicide attempts and previous medication, were not collected. Another limitation concerns the heterogeneity of recruited patients in terms of clinical characteristics (e.g.: medical conditions, drug treatments), with potential confounding factors. Conclusions: The present study confirms the association between male gender and violent suicide and suggests a correlation between obesity and the use of violent suicide methods. The relationship between obesity and suicidal behaviour is worthy of interest and deserves to be explored by further studies. 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callnumber-first	R - Medicine
author	Gianluca Rosso
spellingShingle	Gianluca Rosso misc RC435-571 misc Psychiatry Correlates of violent suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder
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topic_title	RC435-571 Correlates of violent suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder
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title	Correlates of violent suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder
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title_full	Correlates of violent suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder
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author_browse	Gianluca Rosso Umberto Albert Stefano Bramante Elena Aragno Federica Quarato Gabriele Di Salvo Giuseppe Maina
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title_sort	correlates of violent suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder
callnumber	RC435-571
title_auth	Correlates of violent suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder
abstract	Background: Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in bipolar disorder (BD); violent suicide attempts are associated with the highest level of lethality. We aimed to evaluate factors related to the risk of violent suicide in a large naturalistic sample of patients with BD; in addition, we analyzed the rates of lifetime suicide attempts and the variables associated with suicidal behavior. Methods: We recruited 847 patients with BD. Patients were grouped according to whether they had a lifetime history of suicide attempts and, among suicide attempters, subjects who had used a violent suicide method were compared with those who had attempted suicide with a nonviolent method. Comparisons were performed using χ2 tests for categorical variables and ANOVA for continuous variables. Logistic regression (LogReg) was used to identify explanatory variables associated with violent suicide attempts (dependent variable). Results: Two hundred and two patients (24%) had a lifetime history of suicide attempts. Subjects with at least one lifetime suicide attempt showed longer duration of illness (22.4 ± 14.1 years vs 19.9 ± 14.2 years: p 0.028), more lifetime hypomanic episodes (3.3 ± 4.3 vs 2.3 ± 3.1: p 0.001), more lifetime depressive episodes (6.0 ± 4.4 vs 4.7 ± 4.1: p < 0.001), higher rates of lifetime psychiatric comorbidities (50.0% vs 41.3%: p 0.029), higher rates of lifetime medical comorbidities (58.0% vs 48.9%: p 0.028) and higher rates of reduced HDL cholesterol (46.2% vs 36.7%: p 0.030). Among suicide attempters, fifty-two patients (30.6%) attempted suicide with a violent method. We found more men in the group of violent suicide attempters than in the group of nonviolent suicide attempters (65% vs 28%; p: <0.001). Moreover subjects with previous violent attempts showed higher mean values of weight (80.5 ± 18.3 vs 69.4 ± 14.7: p < 0.001), body mass index (27.8 ± 5.6 vs 25.2 ± 4.7: p < 0.003) and waist circumference (98.7 ± 18.5 vs 92.4 ± 14.3: p 0.032). The LogReg analysis confirmed the association of violent attempts with male gender (p: <0.001; Phi: 0.35) and higher waist circumference (p: <0.001; Cohen’s d: 0.39). Limitations: In our research we analyzed lifetime suicide attempts, but the sample does not include completed suicides, meaning that we are unable to test whether the results are generalizable to suicide deaths. Moreover, some relevant variables, such as medical comorbidities/metabolic parameters at the time of suicide attempts and previous medication, were not collected. Another limitation concerns the heterogeneity of recruited patients in terms of clinical characteristics (e.g.: medical conditions, drug treatments), with potential confounding factors. Conclusions: The present study confirms the association between male gender and violent suicide and suggests a correlation between obesity and the use of violent suicide methods. The relationship between obesity and suicidal behaviour is worthy of interest and deserves to be explored by further studies. Keywords: Bipolar disorder, Suicide attempts, Violent suicide
abstractGer	Background: Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in bipolar disorder (BD); violent suicide attempts are associated with the highest level of lethality. We aimed to evaluate factors related to the risk of violent suicide in a large naturalistic sample of patients with BD; in addition, we analyzed the rates of lifetime suicide attempts and the variables associated with suicidal behavior. Methods: We recruited 847 patients with BD. Patients were grouped according to whether they had a lifetime history of suicide attempts and, among suicide attempters, subjects who had used a violent suicide method were compared with those who had attempted suicide with a nonviolent method. Comparisons were performed using χ2 tests for categorical variables and ANOVA for continuous variables. Logistic regression (LogReg) was used to identify explanatory variables associated with violent suicide attempts (dependent variable). Results: Two hundred and two patients (24%) had a lifetime history of suicide attempts. Subjects with at least one lifetime suicide attempt showed longer duration of illness (22.4 ± 14.1 years vs 19.9 ± 14.2 years: p 0.028), more lifetime hypomanic episodes (3.3 ± 4.3 vs 2.3 ± 3.1: p 0.001), more lifetime depressive episodes (6.0 ± 4.4 vs 4.7 ± 4.1: p < 0.001), higher rates of lifetime psychiatric comorbidities (50.0% vs 41.3%: p 0.029), higher rates of lifetime medical comorbidities (58.0% vs 48.9%: p 0.028) and higher rates of reduced HDL cholesterol (46.2% vs 36.7%: p 0.030). Among suicide attempters, fifty-two patients (30.6%) attempted suicide with a violent method. We found more men in the group of violent suicide attempters than in the group of nonviolent suicide attempters (65% vs 28%; p: <0.001). Moreover subjects with previous violent attempts showed higher mean values of weight (80.5 ± 18.3 vs 69.4 ± 14.7: p < 0.001), body mass index (27.8 ± 5.6 vs 25.2 ± 4.7: p < 0.003) and waist circumference (98.7 ± 18.5 vs 92.4 ± 14.3: p 0.032). The LogReg analysis confirmed the association of violent attempts with male gender (p: <0.001; Phi: 0.35) and higher waist circumference (p: <0.001; Cohen’s d: 0.39). Limitations: In our research we analyzed lifetime suicide attempts, but the sample does not include completed suicides, meaning that we are unable to test whether the results are generalizable to suicide deaths. Moreover, some relevant variables, such as medical comorbidities/metabolic parameters at the time of suicide attempts and previous medication, were not collected. Another limitation concerns the heterogeneity of recruited patients in terms of clinical characteristics (e.g.: medical conditions, drug treatments), with potential confounding factors. Conclusions: The present study confirms the association between male gender and violent suicide and suggests a correlation between obesity and the use of violent suicide methods. The relationship between obesity and suicidal behaviour is worthy of interest and deserves to be explored by further studies. Keywords: Bipolar disorder, Suicide attempts, Violent suicide
abstract_unstemmed	Background: Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in bipolar disorder (BD); violent suicide attempts are associated with the highest level of lethality. We aimed to evaluate factors related to the risk of violent suicide in a large naturalistic sample of patients with BD; in addition, we analyzed the rates of lifetime suicide attempts and the variables associated with suicidal behavior. Methods: We recruited 847 patients with BD. Patients were grouped according to whether they had a lifetime history of suicide attempts and, among suicide attempters, subjects who had used a violent suicide method were compared with those who had attempted suicide with a nonviolent method. Comparisons were performed using χ2 tests for categorical variables and ANOVA for continuous variables. Logistic regression (LogReg) was used to identify explanatory variables associated with violent suicide attempts (dependent variable). Results: Two hundred and two patients (24%) had a lifetime history of suicide attempts. Subjects with at least one lifetime suicide attempt showed longer duration of illness (22.4 ± 14.1 years vs 19.9 ± 14.2 years: p 0.028), more lifetime hypomanic episodes (3.3 ± 4.3 vs 2.3 ± 3.1: p 0.001), more lifetime depressive episodes (6.0 ± 4.4 vs 4.7 ± 4.1: p < 0.001), higher rates of lifetime psychiatric comorbidities (50.0% vs 41.3%: p 0.029), higher rates of lifetime medical comorbidities (58.0% vs 48.9%: p 0.028) and higher rates of reduced HDL cholesterol (46.2% vs 36.7%: p 0.030). Among suicide attempters, fifty-two patients (30.6%) attempted suicide with a violent method. We found more men in the group of violent suicide attempters than in the group of nonviolent suicide attempters (65% vs 28%; p: <0.001). Moreover subjects with previous violent attempts showed higher mean values of weight (80.5 ± 18.3 vs 69.4 ± 14.7: p < 0.001), body mass index (27.8 ± 5.6 vs 25.2 ± 4.7: p < 0.003) and waist circumference (98.7 ± 18.5 vs 92.4 ± 14.3: p 0.032). The LogReg analysis confirmed the association of violent attempts with male gender (p: <0.001; Phi: 0.35) and higher waist circumference (p: <0.001; Cohen’s d: 0.39). Limitations: In our research we analyzed lifetime suicide attempts, but the sample does not include completed suicides, meaning that we are unable to test whether the results are generalizable to suicide deaths. Moreover, some relevant variables, such as medical comorbidities/metabolic parameters at the time of suicide attempts and previous medication, were not collected. Another limitation concerns the heterogeneity of recruited patients in terms of clinical characteristics (e.g.: medical conditions, drug treatments), with potential confounding factors. Conclusions: The present study confirms the association between male gender and violent suicide and suggests a correlation between obesity and the use of violent suicide methods. The relationship between obesity and suicidal behaviour is worthy of interest and deserves to be explored by further studies. Keywords: Bipolar disorder, Suicide attempts, Violent suicide
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title_short	Correlates of violent suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder
url	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152136 https://doaj.org/article/7b21d4cf51294dc1928e9128dffbebe2 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X19300598 https://doaj.org/toc/0010-440X
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We aimed to evaluate factors related to the risk of violent suicide in a large naturalistic sample of patients with BD; in addition, we analyzed the rates of lifetime suicide attempts and the variables associated with suicidal behavior. Methods: We recruited 847 patients with BD. Patients were grouped according to whether they had a lifetime history of suicide attempts and, among suicide attempters, subjects who had used a violent suicide method were compared with those who had attempted suicide with a nonviolent method. Comparisons were performed using χ2 tests for categorical variables and ANOVA for continuous variables. Logistic regression (LogReg) was used to identify explanatory variables associated with violent suicide attempts (dependent variable). Results: Two hundred and two patients (24%) had a lifetime history of suicide attempts. Subjects with at least one lifetime suicide attempt showed longer duration of illness (22.4 ± 14.1 years vs 19.9 ± 14.2 years: p 0.028), more lifetime hypomanic episodes (3.3 ± 4.3 vs 2.3 ± 3.1: p 0.001), more lifetime depressive episodes (6.0 ± 4.4 vs 4.7 ± 4.1: p < 0.001), higher rates of lifetime psychiatric comorbidities (50.0% vs 41.3%: p 0.029), higher rates of lifetime medical comorbidities (58.0% vs 48.9%: p 0.028) and higher rates of reduced HDL cholesterol (46.2% vs 36.7%: p 0.030). Among suicide attempters, fifty-two patients (30.6%) attempted suicide with a violent method. We found more men in the group of violent suicide attempters than in the group of nonviolent suicide attempters (65% vs 28%; p: <0.001). Moreover subjects with previous violent attempts showed higher mean values of weight (80.5 ± 18.3 vs 69.4 ± 14.7: p < 0.001), body mass index (27.8 ± 5.6 vs 25.2 ± 4.7: p < 0.003) and waist circumference (98.7 ± 18.5 vs 92.4 ± 14.3: p 0.032). The LogReg analysis confirmed the association of violent attempts with male gender (p: <0.001; Phi: 0.35) and higher waist circumference (p: <0.001; Cohen’s d: 0.39). Limitations: In our research we analyzed lifetime suicide attempts, but the sample does not include completed suicides, meaning that we are unable to test whether the results are generalizable to suicide deaths. Moreover, some relevant variables, such as medical comorbidities/metabolic parameters at the time of suicide attempts and previous medication, were not collected. Another limitation concerns the heterogeneity of recruited patients in terms of clinical characteristics (e.g.: medical conditions, drug treatments), with potential confounding factors. Conclusions: The present study confirms the association between male gender and violent suicide and suggests a correlation between obesity and the use of violent suicide methods. The relationship between obesity and suicidal behaviour is worthy of interest and deserves to be explored by further studies. Keywords: Bipolar disorder, Suicide attempts, Violent suicide</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Psychiatry</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Umberto Albert</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Stefano Bramante</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Elena Aragno</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Federica Quarato</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Gabriele Di Salvo</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield 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Correlates of violent suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder

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