Habituation of Arctic ground squirrels (Urocitellus paryii) to handling and movement during torpor to prevent artificial arousal

Hibernation is a unique physiological adaptation characterized by periods of torpor that consist of repeated, reversible and dramatic reductions of body temperature, metabolism and blood flow. External and internal triggers can induce arousal from torpor in the hibernator. Studies of hibernating animals often require that animals be handled or moved prior to sampling or euthanasia but this movement can induce changes in the hibernation status of the animal. In fact, it has been demonstrated that movement of animals while they are hibernating is sufficient to induce an artificial arousal, which can detrimentally alter experimental findings obtained from animals assumed to be torpid. Therefore, we assessed a method to induce habituation of torpid hibernators to handling and movement to reduce inadvertent arousals. A platform rocker was used to mimic motion experienced during transfer of an animal and changes in respiratory rate (RR) were used to assess responsiveness of torpid Arctic ground squirrels (AGS, Urocitellus paryii). We found that movement alone did not induce a change in RR, however, exposure to handling induced an increase in respiratory rate (RR) in almost all AGS. This change in RR was markedly reduced with increased exposures, and all AGS exhibited a change in RR≤1 by the end of the study. AGS habituated faster mid-season compared to early in the season, which mirrors other assessments of seasonal variation of torpor depth. However, AGS regained responsiveness when they were not exposed to daily handling. While AGS continued to undergo natural arousals during the study, occurrence of a full arousal was neither necessary for becoming habituated nor detrimental to the time required for habituation. These data suggest that even when torpid, AGS are able to undergo mechanosensory habituation, one of the simplest forms of learning, and provides a reliable way to reduce the sensitivity of torpid animals to handling. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Sherri L Christian [verfasserIn] Tanna eRoe [verfasserIn] Brian T Rasley [verfasserIn] Jeanette eMoore [verfasserIn] Michael B Harris [verfasserIn] Kelly L Drew [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2014

Schlagwörter:	Hibernation habituation handling and movement Urocitellus paryii Arctic ground squirrel

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Frontiers in Physiology - Frontiers Media S.A., 2011, 5(2014)
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:5 ; year:2014

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3389/fphys.2014.00174

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ032515472

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spelling	10.3389/fphys.2014.00174 doi (DE-627)DOAJ032515472 (DE-599)DOAJfc399a5d48e541488206951b5d8e86bc DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QP1-981 Sherri L Christian verfasserin aut Habituation of Arctic ground squirrels (Urocitellus paryii) to handling and movement during torpor to prevent artificial arousal 2014 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Hibernation is a unique physiological adaptation characterized by periods of torpor that consist of repeated, reversible and dramatic reductions of body temperature, metabolism and blood flow. External and internal triggers can induce arousal from torpor in the hibernator. Studies of hibernating animals often require that animals be handled or moved prior to sampling or euthanasia but this movement can induce changes in the hibernation status of the animal. In fact, it has been demonstrated that movement of animals while they are hibernating is sufficient to induce an artificial arousal, which can detrimentally alter experimental findings obtained from animals assumed to be torpid. Therefore, we assessed a method to induce habituation of torpid hibernators to handling and movement to reduce inadvertent arousals. A platform rocker was used to mimic motion experienced during transfer of an animal and changes in respiratory rate (RR) were used to assess responsiveness of torpid Arctic ground squirrels (AGS, Urocitellus paryii). We found that movement alone did not induce a change in RR, however, exposure to handling induced an increase in respiratory rate (RR) in almost all AGS. This change in RR was markedly reduced with increased exposures, and all AGS exhibited a change in RR≤1 by the end of the study. AGS habituated faster mid-season compared to early in the season, which mirrors other assessments of seasonal variation of torpor depth. However, AGS regained responsiveness when they were not exposed to daily handling. While AGS continued to undergo natural arousals during the study, occurrence of a full arousal was neither necessary for becoming habituated nor detrimental to the time required for habituation. These data suggest that even when torpid, AGS are able to undergo mechanosensory habituation, one of the simplest forms of learning, and provides a reliable way to reduce the sensitivity of torpid animals to handling. Hibernation habituation handling and movement Urocitellus paryii Arctic ground squirrel Physiology Sherri L Christian verfasserin aut Tanna eRoe verfasserin aut Brian T Rasley verfasserin aut Jeanette eMoore verfasserin aut Michael B Harris verfasserin aut Kelly L Drew verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Physiology Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 5(2014) (DE-627)631498788 (DE-600)2564217-0 1664042X nnns volume:5 year:2014 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00174 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fc399a5d48e541488206951b5d8e86bc kostenfrei http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fphys.2014.00174/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-042X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2014
allfields_unstemmed	10.3389/fphys.2014.00174 doi (DE-627)DOAJ032515472 (DE-599)DOAJfc399a5d48e541488206951b5d8e86bc DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QP1-981 Sherri L Christian verfasserin aut Habituation of Arctic ground squirrels (Urocitellus paryii) to handling and movement during torpor to prevent artificial arousal 2014 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Hibernation is a unique physiological adaptation characterized by periods of torpor that consist of repeated, reversible and dramatic reductions of body temperature, metabolism and blood flow. External and internal triggers can induce arousal from torpor in the hibernator. Studies of hibernating animals often require that animals be handled or moved prior to sampling or euthanasia but this movement can induce changes in the hibernation status of the animal. In fact, it has been demonstrated that movement of animals while they are hibernating is sufficient to induce an artificial arousal, which can detrimentally alter experimental findings obtained from animals assumed to be torpid. Therefore, we assessed a method to induce habituation of torpid hibernators to handling and movement to reduce inadvertent arousals. A platform rocker was used to mimic motion experienced during transfer of an animal and changes in respiratory rate (RR) were used to assess responsiveness of torpid Arctic ground squirrels (AGS, Urocitellus paryii). We found that movement alone did not induce a change in RR, however, exposure to handling induced an increase in respiratory rate (RR) in almost all AGS. This change in RR was markedly reduced with increased exposures, and all AGS exhibited a change in RR≤1 by the end of the study. AGS habituated faster mid-season compared to early in the season, which mirrors other assessments of seasonal variation of torpor depth. However, AGS regained responsiveness when they were not exposed to daily handling. While AGS continued to undergo natural arousals during the study, occurrence of a full arousal was neither necessary for becoming habituated nor detrimental to the time required for habituation. These data suggest that even when torpid, AGS are able to undergo mechanosensory habituation, one of the simplest forms of learning, and provides a reliable way to reduce the sensitivity of torpid animals to handling. Hibernation habituation handling and movement Urocitellus paryii Arctic ground squirrel Physiology Sherri L Christian verfasserin aut Tanna eRoe verfasserin aut Brian T Rasley verfasserin aut Jeanette eMoore verfasserin aut Michael B Harris verfasserin aut Kelly L Drew verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Physiology Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 5(2014) (DE-627)631498788 (DE-600)2564217-0 1664042X nnns volume:5 year:2014 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00174 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fc399a5d48e541488206951b5d8e86bc kostenfrei http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fphys.2014.00174/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-042X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2014
allfieldsGer	10.3389/fphys.2014.00174 doi (DE-627)DOAJ032515472 (DE-599)DOAJfc399a5d48e541488206951b5d8e86bc DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QP1-981 Sherri L Christian verfasserin aut Habituation of Arctic ground squirrels (Urocitellus paryii) to handling and movement during torpor to prevent artificial arousal 2014 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Hibernation is a unique physiological adaptation characterized by periods of torpor that consist of repeated, reversible and dramatic reductions of body temperature, metabolism and blood flow. External and internal triggers can induce arousal from torpor in the hibernator. Studies of hibernating animals often require that animals be handled or moved prior to sampling or euthanasia but this movement can induce changes in the hibernation status of the animal. In fact, it has been demonstrated that movement of animals while they are hibernating is sufficient to induce an artificial arousal, which can detrimentally alter experimental findings obtained from animals assumed to be torpid. Therefore, we assessed a method to induce habituation of torpid hibernators to handling and movement to reduce inadvertent arousals. A platform rocker was used to mimic motion experienced during transfer of an animal and changes in respiratory rate (RR) were used to assess responsiveness of torpid Arctic ground squirrels (AGS, Urocitellus paryii). We found that movement alone did not induce a change in RR, however, exposure to handling induced an increase in respiratory rate (RR) in almost all AGS. This change in RR was markedly reduced with increased exposures, and all AGS exhibited a change in RR≤1 by the end of the study. AGS habituated faster mid-season compared to early in the season, which mirrors other assessments of seasonal variation of torpor depth. However, AGS regained responsiveness when they were not exposed to daily handling. While AGS continued to undergo natural arousals during the study, occurrence of a full arousal was neither necessary for becoming habituated nor detrimental to the time required for habituation. These data suggest that even when torpid, AGS are able to undergo mechanosensory habituation, one of the simplest forms of learning, and provides a reliable way to reduce the sensitivity of torpid animals to handling. Hibernation habituation handling and movement Urocitellus paryii Arctic ground squirrel Physiology Sherri L Christian verfasserin aut Tanna eRoe verfasserin aut Brian T Rasley verfasserin aut Jeanette eMoore verfasserin aut Michael B Harris verfasserin aut Kelly L Drew verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Physiology Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 5(2014) (DE-627)631498788 (DE-600)2564217-0 1664042X nnns volume:5 year:2014 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00174 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fc399a5d48e541488206951b5d8e86bc kostenfrei http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fphys.2014.00174/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-042X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2014
allfieldsSound	10.3389/fphys.2014.00174 doi (DE-627)DOAJ032515472 (DE-599)DOAJfc399a5d48e541488206951b5d8e86bc DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QP1-981 Sherri L Christian verfasserin aut Habituation of Arctic ground squirrels (Urocitellus paryii) to handling and movement during torpor to prevent artificial arousal 2014 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Hibernation is a unique physiological adaptation characterized by periods of torpor that consist of repeated, reversible and dramatic reductions of body temperature, metabolism and blood flow. External and internal triggers can induce arousal from torpor in the hibernator. Studies of hibernating animals often require that animals be handled or moved prior to sampling or euthanasia but this movement can induce changes in the hibernation status of the animal. In fact, it has been demonstrated that movement of animals while they are hibernating is sufficient to induce an artificial arousal, which can detrimentally alter experimental findings obtained from animals assumed to be torpid. Therefore, we assessed a method to induce habituation of torpid hibernators to handling and movement to reduce inadvertent arousals. A platform rocker was used to mimic motion experienced during transfer of an animal and changes in respiratory rate (RR) were used to assess responsiveness of torpid Arctic ground squirrels (AGS, Urocitellus paryii). We found that movement alone did not induce a change in RR, however, exposure to handling induced an increase in respiratory rate (RR) in almost all AGS. This change in RR was markedly reduced with increased exposures, and all AGS exhibited a change in RR≤1 by the end of the study. AGS habituated faster mid-season compared to early in the season, which mirrors other assessments of seasonal variation of torpor depth. However, AGS regained responsiveness when they were not exposed to daily handling. While AGS continued to undergo natural arousals during the study, occurrence of a full arousal was neither necessary for becoming habituated nor detrimental to the time required for habituation. These data suggest that even when torpid, AGS are able to undergo mechanosensory habituation, one of the simplest forms of learning, and provides a reliable way to reduce the sensitivity of torpid animals to handling. Hibernation habituation handling and movement Urocitellus paryii Arctic ground squirrel Physiology Sherri L Christian verfasserin aut Tanna eRoe verfasserin aut Brian T Rasley verfasserin aut Jeanette eMoore verfasserin aut Michael B Harris verfasserin aut Kelly L Drew verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Physiology Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 5(2014) (DE-627)631498788 (DE-600)2564217-0 1664042X nnns volume:5 year:2014 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00174 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fc399a5d48e541488206951b5d8e86bc kostenfrei http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fphys.2014.00174/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-042X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2014
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title	Habituation of Arctic ground squirrels (Urocitellus paryii) to handling and movement during torpor to prevent artificial arousal
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title_sort	habituation of arctic ground squirrels (urocitellus paryii) to handling and movement during torpor to prevent artificial arousal
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title_auth	Habituation of Arctic ground squirrels (Urocitellus paryii) to handling and movement during torpor to prevent artificial arousal
abstract	Hibernation is a unique physiological adaptation characterized by periods of torpor that consist of repeated, reversible and dramatic reductions of body temperature, metabolism and blood flow. External and internal triggers can induce arousal from torpor in the hibernator. Studies of hibernating animals often require that animals be handled or moved prior to sampling or euthanasia but this movement can induce changes in the hibernation status of the animal. In fact, it has been demonstrated that movement of animals while they are hibernating is sufficient to induce an artificial arousal, which can detrimentally alter experimental findings obtained from animals assumed to be torpid. Therefore, we assessed a method to induce habituation of torpid hibernators to handling and movement to reduce inadvertent arousals. A platform rocker was used to mimic motion experienced during transfer of an animal and changes in respiratory rate (RR) were used to assess responsiveness of torpid Arctic ground squirrels (AGS, Urocitellus paryii). We found that movement alone did not induce a change in RR, however, exposure to handling induced an increase in respiratory rate (RR) in almost all AGS. This change in RR was markedly reduced with increased exposures, and all AGS exhibited a change in RR≤1 by the end of the study. AGS habituated faster mid-season compared to early in the season, which mirrors other assessments of seasonal variation of torpor depth. However, AGS regained responsiveness when they were not exposed to daily handling. While AGS continued to undergo natural arousals during the study, occurrence of a full arousal was neither necessary for becoming habituated nor detrimental to the time required for habituation. These data suggest that even when torpid, AGS are able to undergo mechanosensory habituation, one of the simplest forms of learning, and provides a reliable way to reduce the sensitivity of torpid animals to handling.
abstractGer	Hibernation is a unique physiological adaptation characterized by periods of torpor that consist of repeated, reversible and dramatic reductions of body temperature, metabolism and blood flow. External and internal triggers can induce arousal from torpor in the hibernator. Studies of hibernating animals often require that animals be handled or moved prior to sampling or euthanasia but this movement can induce changes in the hibernation status of the animal. In fact, it has been demonstrated that movement of animals while they are hibernating is sufficient to induce an artificial arousal, which can detrimentally alter experimental findings obtained from animals assumed to be torpid. Therefore, we assessed a method to induce habituation of torpid hibernators to handling and movement to reduce inadvertent arousals. A platform rocker was used to mimic motion experienced during transfer of an animal and changes in respiratory rate (RR) were used to assess responsiveness of torpid Arctic ground squirrels (AGS, Urocitellus paryii). We found that movement alone did not induce a change in RR, however, exposure to handling induced an increase in respiratory rate (RR) in almost all AGS. This change in RR was markedly reduced with increased exposures, and all AGS exhibited a change in RR≤1 by the end of the study. AGS habituated faster mid-season compared to early in the season, which mirrors other assessments of seasonal variation of torpor depth. However, AGS regained responsiveness when they were not exposed to daily handling. While AGS continued to undergo natural arousals during the study, occurrence of a full arousal was neither necessary for becoming habituated nor detrimental to the time required for habituation. These data suggest that even when torpid, AGS are able to undergo mechanosensory habituation, one of the simplest forms of learning, and provides a reliable way to reduce the sensitivity of torpid animals to handling.
abstract_unstemmed	Hibernation is a unique physiological adaptation characterized by periods of torpor that consist of repeated, reversible and dramatic reductions of body temperature, metabolism and blood flow. External and internal triggers can induce arousal from torpor in the hibernator. Studies of hibernating animals often require that animals be handled or moved prior to sampling or euthanasia but this movement can induce changes in the hibernation status of the animal. In fact, it has been demonstrated that movement of animals while they are hibernating is sufficient to induce an artificial arousal, which can detrimentally alter experimental findings obtained from animals assumed to be torpid. Therefore, we assessed a method to induce habituation of torpid hibernators to handling and movement to reduce inadvertent arousals. A platform rocker was used to mimic motion experienced during transfer of an animal and changes in respiratory rate (RR) were used to assess responsiveness of torpid Arctic ground squirrels (AGS, Urocitellus paryii). We found that movement alone did not induce a change in RR, however, exposure to handling induced an increase in respiratory rate (RR) in almost all AGS. This change in RR was markedly reduced with increased exposures, and all AGS exhibited a change in RR≤1 by the end of the study. AGS habituated faster mid-season compared to early in the season, which mirrors other assessments of seasonal variation of torpor depth. However, AGS regained responsiveness when they were not exposed to daily handling. While AGS continued to undergo natural arousals during the study, occurrence of a full arousal was neither necessary for becoming habituated nor detrimental to the time required for habituation. These data suggest that even when torpid, AGS are able to undergo mechanosensory habituation, one of the simplest forms of learning, and provides a reliable way to reduce the sensitivity of torpid animals to handling.
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title_short	Habituation of Arctic ground squirrels (Urocitellus paryii) to handling and movement during torpor to prevent artificial arousal
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External and internal triggers can induce arousal from torpor in the hibernator. Studies of hibernating animals often require that animals be handled or moved prior to sampling or euthanasia but this movement can induce changes in the hibernation status of the animal. In fact, it has been demonstrated that movement of animals while they are hibernating is sufficient to induce an artificial arousal, which can detrimentally alter experimental findings obtained from animals assumed to be torpid. Therefore, we assessed a method to induce habituation of torpid hibernators to handling and movement to reduce inadvertent arousals. A platform rocker was used to mimic motion experienced during transfer of an animal and changes in respiratory rate (RR) were used to assess responsiveness of torpid Arctic ground squirrels (AGS, Urocitellus paryii). We found that movement alone did not induce a change in RR, however, exposure to handling induced an increase in respiratory rate (RR) in almost all AGS. This change in RR was markedly reduced with increased exposures, and all AGS exhibited a change in RR≤1 by the end of the study. AGS habituated faster mid-season compared to early in the season, which mirrors other assessments of seasonal variation of torpor depth. However, AGS regained responsiveness when they were not exposed to daily handling. While AGS continued to undergo natural arousals during the study, occurrence of a full arousal was neither necessary for becoming habituated nor detrimental to the time required for habituation. These data suggest that even when torpid, AGS are able to undergo mechanosensory habituation, one of the simplest forms of learning, and provides a reliable way to reduce the sensitivity of torpid animals to handling.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Hibernation</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">habituation</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">handling and movement</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Urocitellus paryii</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Arctic ground squirrel</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Physiology</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Sherri L Christian</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield 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Physiology</subfield><subfield code="d">Frontiers Media S.A., 2011</subfield><subfield code="g">5(2014)</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-627)631498788</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-600)2564217-0</subfield><subfield code="x">1664042X</subfield><subfield code="7">nnns</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="1" ind2="8"><subfield code="g">volume:5</subfield><subfield code="g">year:2014</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00174</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doaj.org/article/fc399a5d48e541488206951b5d8e86bc</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fphys.2014.00174/full</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield 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Habituation of Arctic ground squirrels (Urocitellus paryii) to handling and movement during torpor to prevent artificial arousal

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