Biotransformation of As (III) to As (V) and their stabilization in soil with <em<Bacillus</em< sp. XS2 isolated from gold mine tailing of Xinjiang, China
Xinjiang province is one of the most polluted region in China, this region affected by multi-metal problem, especially arsenic (As) affect very badly. Two major forms of As present in the environment As (III) and As (V) as compared to As (V), As (III) is much more toxic. Our aim is to remediate As (...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Santosh Kumar Karn [verfasserIn] Xiangliang Pan [verfasserIn] |
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Englisch |
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2016 |
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In: AIMS Environmental Science - AIMS Press, 2014, 3(2016), 4, Seite 592-603 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:3 ; year:2016 ; number:4 ; pages:592-603 |
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DOI / URN: |
10.3934/environsci.2016.4.592 |
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Katalog-ID: |
DOAJ033006350 |
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10.3934/environsci.2016.4.592 doi (DE-627)DOAJ033006350 (DE-599)DOAJ5eced489277f43ca8bcdf49723f6e015 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng GE1-350 Santosh Kumar Karn verfasserin aut Biotransformation of As (III) to As (V) and their stabilization in soil with <em<Bacillus</em< sp. XS2 isolated from gold mine tailing of Xinjiang, China 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Xinjiang province is one of the most polluted region in China, this region affected by multi-metal problem, especially arsenic (As) affect very badly. Two major forms of As present in the environment As (III) and As (V) as compared to As (V), As (III) is much more toxic. Our aim is to remediate As (III) contaminated soil by using As (III) resistant microbe, having the high transforming ability for As (III) to As (V). An As (III) oxidizing bacterium <em<Bacillus</em< sp. XS2, isolated and selected from gold mine tailing which have shown high resistance up to 6400 mg L<sup<−1</sup< and efficiently transformed up to 4000 mg L<sup<−1</sup< in sucrose low phosphate medium (SLP), higher than any of the previous reported <em<Bacillus</em< sp.. In soil, we found that XS2 successfully transformed up to 81% of soluble exchangeable fraction within 10 d in contaminated soil (with 500 mg kg<sup<−1</sup<), which makes it potential microbe for the removal of contaminated site with arsenic in the environment. Further XS2 was characterized for their molecular basis of resistance and we establish that XS2 having arsenic oxidase enzyme activity which is accountable for the detoxification of arsenic at high concentration and provide resistance to the bacterium. Gene encoding arsenic oxidase (<em<aio</em<A-gene) was also amplified from this bacterium using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with degenerate primer. The <em<aio</em<A-gene is specific for the arsenite-oxidizing bacteria. The deduced amino acid sequence had shown 42% similarity with <em<pseudomonas</em< sp. arsenic oxidase. Further, the strain was characterized by 16s rRNA gene sequence analysis and shown maximum similarity with <em<Bacillus</em< sp. Gold mine tailings Arsenite oxidase <em<aox</em<B gene Arsenite oxidation <em<Bacillus</em< sp. in-situ remediation Environmental sciences Xiangliang Pan verfasserin aut In AIMS Environmental Science AIMS Press, 2014 3(2016), 4, Seite 592-603 (DE-627)790231298 (DE-600)2776689-5 23720352 nnns volume:3 year:2016 number:4 pages:592-603 https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2016.4.592 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/5eced489277f43ca8bcdf49723f6e015 kostenfrei http://www.aimspress.com/environmental/article/995/fulltext.html kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2372-0352 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2016 4 592-603 |
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10.3934/environsci.2016.4.592 doi (DE-627)DOAJ033006350 (DE-599)DOAJ5eced489277f43ca8bcdf49723f6e015 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng GE1-350 Santosh Kumar Karn verfasserin aut Biotransformation of As (III) to As (V) and their stabilization in soil with <em<Bacillus</em< sp. XS2 isolated from gold mine tailing of Xinjiang, China 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Xinjiang province is one of the most polluted region in China, this region affected by multi-metal problem, especially arsenic (As) affect very badly. Two major forms of As present in the environment As (III) and As (V) as compared to As (V), As (III) is much more toxic. Our aim is to remediate As (III) contaminated soil by using As (III) resistant microbe, having the high transforming ability for As (III) to As (V). An As (III) oxidizing bacterium <em<Bacillus</em< sp. XS2, isolated and selected from gold mine tailing which have shown high resistance up to 6400 mg L<sup<−1</sup< and efficiently transformed up to 4000 mg L<sup<−1</sup< in sucrose low phosphate medium (SLP), higher than any of the previous reported <em<Bacillus</em< sp.. In soil, we found that XS2 successfully transformed up to 81% of soluble exchangeable fraction within 10 d in contaminated soil (with 500 mg kg<sup<−1</sup<), which makes it potential microbe for the removal of contaminated site with arsenic in the environment. Further XS2 was characterized for their molecular basis of resistance and we establish that XS2 having arsenic oxidase enzyme activity which is accountable for the detoxification of arsenic at high concentration and provide resistance to the bacterium. Gene encoding arsenic oxidase (<em<aio</em<A-gene) was also amplified from this bacterium using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with degenerate primer. The <em<aio</em<A-gene is specific for the arsenite-oxidizing bacteria. The deduced amino acid sequence had shown 42% similarity with <em<pseudomonas</em< sp. arsenic oxidase. Further, the strain was characterized by 16s rRNA gene sequence analysis and shown maximum similarity with <em<Bacillus</em< sp. Gold mine tailings Arsenite oxidase <em<aox</em<B gene Arsenite oxidation <em<Bacillus</em< sp. in-situ remediation Environmental sciences Xiangliang Pan verfasserin aut In AIMS Environmental Science AIMS Press, 2014 3(2016), 4, Seite 592-603 (DE-627)790231298 (DE-600)2776689-5 23720352 nnns volume:3 year:2016 number:4 pages:592-603 https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2016.4.592 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/5eced489277f43ca8bcdf49723f6e015 kostenfrei http://www.aimspress.com/environmental/article/995/fulltext.html kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2372-0352 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2016 4 592-603 |
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10.3934/environsci.2016.4.592 doi (DE-627)DOAJ033006350 (DE-599)DOAJ5eced489277f43ca8bcdf49723f6e015 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng GE1-350 Santosh Kumar Karn verfasserin aut Biotransformation of As (III) to As (V) and their stabilization in soil with <em<Bacillus</em< sp. XS2 isolated from gold mine tailing of Xinjiang, China 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Xinjiang province is one of the most polluted region in China, this region affected by multi-metal problem, especially arsenic (As) affect very badly. Two major forms of As present in the environment As (III) and As (V) as compared to As (V), As (III) is much more toxic. Our aim is to remediate As (III) contaminated soil by using As (III) resistant microbe, having the high transforming ability for As (III) to As (V). An As (III) oxidizing bacterium <em<Bacillus</em< sp. XS2, isolated and selected from gold mine tailing which have shown high resistance up to 6400 mg L<sup<−1</sup< and efficiently transformed up to 4000 mg L<sup<−1</sup< in sucrose low phosphate medium (SLP), higher than any of the previous reported <em<Bacillus</em< sp.. In soil, we found that XS2 successfully transformed up to 81% of soluble exchangeable fraction within 10 d in contaminated soil (with 500 mg kg<sup<−1</sup<), which makes it potential microbe for the removal of contaminated site with arsenic in the environment. Further XS2 was characterized for their molecular basis of resistance and we establish that XS2 having arsenic oxidase enzyme activity which is accountable for the detoxification of arsenic at high concentration and provide resistance to the bacterium. Gene encoding arsenic oxidase (<em<aio</em<A-gene) was also amplified from this bacterium using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with degenerate primer. The <em<aio</em<A-gene is specific for the arsenite-oxidizing bacteria. The deduced amino acid sequence had shown 42% similarity with <em<pseudomonas</em< sp. arsenic oxidase. Further, the strain was characterized by 16s rRNA gene sequence analysis and shown maximum similarity with <em<Bacillus</em< sp. Gold mine tailings Arsenite oxidase <em<aox</em<B gene Arsenite oxidation <em<Bacillus</em< sp. in-situ remediation Environmental sciences Xiangliang Pan verfasserin aut In AIMS Environmental Science AIMS Press, 2014 3(2016), 4, Seite 592-603 (DE-627)790231298 (DE-600)2776689-5 23720352 nnns volume:3 year:2016 number:4 pages:592-603 https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2016.4.592 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/5eced489277f43ca8bcdf49723f6e015 kostenfrei http://www.aimspress.com/environmental/article/995/fulltext.html kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2372-0352 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2016 4 592-603 |
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10.3934/environsci.2016.4.592 doi (DE-627)DOAJ033006350 (DE-599)DOAJ5eced489277f43ca8bcdf49723f6e015 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng GE1-350 Santosh Kumar Karn verfasserin aut Biotransformation of As (III) to As (V) and their stabilization in soil with <em<Bacillus</em< sp. XS2 isolated from gold mine tailing of Xinjiang, China 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Xinjiang province is one of the most polluted region in China, this region affected by multi-metal problem, especially arsenic (As) affect very badly. Two major forms of As present in the environment As (III) and As (V) as compared to As (V), As (III) is much more toxic. Our aim is to remediate As (III) contaminated soil by using As (III) resistant microbe, having the high transforming ability for As (III) to As (V). An As (III) oxidizing bacterium <em<Bacillus</em< sp. XS2, isolated and selected from gold mine tailing which have shown high resistance up to 6400 mg L<sup<−1</sup< and efficiently transformed up to 4000 mg L<sup<−1</sup< in sucrose low phosphate medium (SLP), higher than any of the previous reported <em<Bacillus</em< sp.. In soil, we found that XS2 successfully transformed up to 81% of soluble exchangeable fraction within 10 d in contaminated soil (with 500 mg kg<sup<−1</sup<), which makes it potential microbe for the removal of contaminated site with arsenic in the environment. Further XS2 was characterized for their molecular basis of resistance and we establish that XS2 having arsenic oxidase enzyme activity which is accountable for the detoxification of arsenic at high concentration and provide resistance to the bacterium. Gene encoding arsenic oxidase (<em<aio</em<A-gene) was also amplified from this bacterium using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with degenerate primer. The <em<aio</em<A-gene is specific for the arsenite-oxidizing bacteria. The deduced amino acid sequence had shown 42% similarity with <em<pseudomonas</em< sp. arsenic oxidase. Further, the strain was characterized by 16s rRNA gene sequence analysis and shown maximum similarity with <em<Bacillus</em< sp. Gold mine tailings Arsenite oxidase <em<aox</em<B gene Arsenite oxidation <em<Bacillus</em< sp. in-situ remediation Environmental sciences Xiangliang Pan verfasserin aut In AIMS Environmental Science AIMS Press, 2014 3(2016), 4, Seite 592-603 (DE-627)790231298 (DE-600)2776689-5 23720352 nnns volume:3 year:2016 number:4 pages:592-603 https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2016.4.592 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/5eced489277f43ca8bcdf49723f6e015 kostenfrei http://www.aimspress.com/environmental/article/995/fulltext.html kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2372-0352 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2016 4 592-603 |
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10.3934/environsci.2016.4.592 doi (DE-627)DOAJ033006350 (DE-599)DOAJ5eced489277f43ca8bcdf49723f6e015 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng GE1-350 Santosh Kumar Karn verfasserin aut Biotransformation of As (III) to As (V) and their stabilization in soil with <em<Bacillus</em< sp. XS2 isolated from gold mine tailing of Xinjiang, China 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Xinjiang province is one of the most polluted region in China, this region affected by multi-metal problem, especially arsenic (As) affect very badly. Two major forms of As present in the environment As (III) and As (V) as compared to As (V), As (III) is much more toxic. Our aim is to remediate As (III) contaminated soil by using As (III) resistant microbe, having the high transforming ability for As (III) to As (V). An As (III) oxidizing bacterium <em<Bacillus</em< sp. XS2, isolated and selected from gold mine tailing which have shown high resistance up to 6400 mg L<sup<−1</sup< and efficiently transformed up to 4000 mg L<sup<−1</sup< in sucrose low phosphate medium (SLP), higher than any of the previous reported <em<Bacillus</em< sp.. In soil, we found that XS2 successfully transformed up to 81% of soluble exchangeable fraction within 10 d in contaminated soil (with 500 mg kg<sup<−1</sup<), which makes it potential microbe for the removal of contaminated site with arsenic in the environment. Further XS2 was characterized for their molecular basis of resistance and we establish that XS2 having arsenic oxidase enzyme activity which is accountable for the detoxification of arsenic at high concentration and provide resistance to the bacterium. Gene encoding arsenic oxidase (<em<aio</em<A-gene) was also amplified from this bacterium using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with degenerate primer. The <em<aio</em<A-gene is specific for the arsenite-oxidizing bacteria. The deduced amino acid sequence had shown 42% similarity with <em<pseudomonas</em< sp. arsenic oxidase. Further, the strain was characterized by 16s rRNA gene sequence analysis and shown maximum similarity with <em<Bacillus</em< sp. Gold mine tailings Arsenite oxidase <em<aox</em<B gene Arsenite oxidation <em<Bacillus</em< sp. in-situ remediation Environmental sciences Xiangliang Pan verfasserin aut In AIMS Environmental Science AIMS Press, 2014 3(2016), 4, Seite 592-603 (DE-627)790231298 (DE-600)2776689-5 23720352 nnns volume:3 year:2016 number:4 pages:592-603 https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2016.4.592 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/5eced489277f43ca8bcdf49723f6e015 kostenfrei http://www.aimspress.com/environmental/article/995/fulltext.html kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2372-0352 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2016 4 592-603 |
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Biotransformation of As (III) to As (V) and their stabilization in soil with <em<Bacillus</em< sp. XS2 isolated from gold mine tailing of Xinjiang, China |
abstract |
Xinjiang province is one of the most polluted region in China, this region affected by multi-metal problem, especially arsenic (As) affect very badly. Two major forms of As present in the environment As (III) and As (V) as compared to As (V), As (III) is much more toxic. Our aim is to remediate As (III) contaminated soil by using As (III) resistant microbe, having the high transforming ability for As (III) to As (V). An As (III) oxidizing bacterium <em<Bacillus</em< sp. XS2, isolated and selected from gold mine tailing which have shown high resistance up to 6400 mg L<sup<−1</sup< and efficiently transformed up to 4000 mg L<sup<−1</sup< in sucrose low phosphate medium (SLP), higher than any of the previous reported <em<Bacillus</em< sp.. In soil, we found that XS2 successfully transformed up to 81% of soluble exchangeable fraction within 10 d in contaminated soil (with 500 mg kg<sup<−1</sup<), which makes it potential microbe for the removal of contaminated site with arsenic in the environment. Further XS2 was characterized for their molecular basis of resistance and we establish that XS2 having arsenic oxidase enzyme activity which is accountable for the detoxification of arsenic at high concentration and provide resistance to the bacterium. Gene encoding arsenic oxidase (<em<aio</em<A-gene) was also amplified from this bacterium using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with degenerate primer. The <em<aio</em<A-gene is specific for the arsenite-oxidizing bacteria. The deduced amino acid sequence had shown 42% similarity with <em<pseudomonas</em< sp. arsenic oxidase. Further, the strain was characterized by 16s rRNA gene sequence analysis and shown maximum similarity with <em<Bacillus</em< sp. |
abstractGer |
Xinjiang province is one of the most polluted region in China, this region affected by multi-metal problem, especially arsenic (As) affect very badly. Two major forms of As present in the environment As (III) and As (V) as compared to As (V), As (III) is much more toxic. Our aim is to remediate As (III) contaminated soil by using As (III) resistant microbe, having the high transforming ability for As (III) to As (V). An As (III) oxidizing bacterium <em<Bacillus</em< sp. XS2, isolated and selected from gold mine tailing which have shown high resistance up to 6400 mg L<sup<−1</sup< and efficiently transformed up to 4000 mg L<sup<−1</sup< in sucrose low phosphate medium (SLP), higher than any of the previous reported <em<Bacillus</em< sp.. In soil, we found that XS2 successfully transformed up to 81% of soluble exchangeable fraction within 10 d in contaminated soil (with 500 mg kg<sup<−1</sup<), which makes it potential microbe for the removal of contaminated site with arsenic in the environment. Further XS2 was characterized for their molecular basis of resistance and we establish that XS2 having arsenic oxidase enzyme activity which is accountable for the detoxification of arsenic at high concentration and provide resistance to the bacterium. Gene encoding arsenic oxidase (<em<aio</em<A-gene) was also amplified from this bacterium using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with degenerate primer. The <em<aio</em<A-gene is specific for the arsenite-oxidizing bacteria. The deduced amino acid sequence had shown 42% similarity with <em<pseudomonas</em< sp. arsenic oxidase. Further, the strain was characterized by 16s rRNA gene sequence analysis and shown maximum similarity with <em<Bacillus</em< sp. |
abstract_unstemmed |
Xinjiang province is one of the most polluted region in China, this region affected by multi-metal problem, especially arsenic (As) affect very badly. Two major forms of As present in the environment As (III) and As (V) as compared to As (V), As (III) is much more toxic. Our aim is to remediate As (III) contaminated soil by using As (III) resistant microbe, having the high transforming ability for As (III) to As (V). An As (III) oxidizing bacterium <em<Bacillus</em< sp. XS2, isolated and selected from gold mine tailing which have shown high resistance up to 6400 mg L<sup<−1</sup< and efficiently transformed up to 4000 mg L<sup<−1</sup< in sucrose low phosphate medium (SLP), higher than any of the previous reported <em<Bacillus</em< sp.. In soil, we found that XS2 successfully transformed up to 81% of soluble exchangeable fraction within 10 d in contaminated soil (with 500 mg kg<sup<−1</sup<), which makes it potential microbe for the removal of contaminated site with arsenic in the environment. Further XS2 was characterized for their molecular basis of resistance and we establish that XS2 having arsenic oxidase enzyme activity which is accountable for the detoxification of arsenic at high concentration and provide resistance to the bacterium. Gene encoding arsenic oxidase (<em<aio</em<A-gene) was also amplified from this bacterium using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with degenerate primer. The <em<aio</em<A-gene is specific for the arsenite-oxidizing bacteria. The deduced amino acid sequence had shown 42% similarity with <em<pseudomonas</em< sp. arsenic oxidase. Further, the strain was characterized by 16s rRNA gene sequence analysis and shown maximum similarity with <em<Bacillus</em< sp. |
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Biotransformation of As (III) to As (V) and their stabilization in soil with <em<Bacillus</em< sp. XS2 isolated from gold mine tailing of Xinjiang, China |
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