Agroecological Screening of Copper Alternatives for the Conservation of Soil Health in Organic Olive Production

The efficacy of soil conditioner (vermicompost tea), fertiliser (potassium silicate), and biological control agents (BCAs) as practical agroecological copper alternatives against olive leaf spot (<i<Spilocaea oleaginea (Cast.) Hughe.</i<) disease was investigated between 2018 and 2021 under organic management in a Mediterranean climate. In total, 9 agroecological alternatives to copper oxychloride (vermicompost tea, potassium silicate, <i<Bacillus subtilis</i< EU 007 WP, <i<Platanus orientalis</i< leaf extract, <i<Mycorrhiza</i< mix, seaweed commercial product, <i<Trichoderma citrinoviride</i< TR1, vermicompost tea+<i<Platanus orientalis</i< mix, <i<Penicillium</i< (Mouldy bread pieces)) were applied to olive trees in a randomised block design with 4 replicationsTotal water soluble phenol compounds (TWSP) were found to be the main bioindicator to assess the alternatives and their potential to phase-out copper application. Results related to TWSP indicated that copper oxychloride (control), potassium silicate and vermicompost tea showed significantly higher content of TWSP as we compared zero application of copper and other treatments. These stimulate the antioxidant capacity in olive fruits and reduce the olive leaf spot disease incidence. The pollution effect of copper was monitored during the trial to identify soil pollution in the organic in-conversion experimental land. The total annual ‘active copper’ application was 4.7 kg.ha<sup<−1</sup<.year<sup<−1</sup< and this is in accordance with the legal organic legislation of Turkey. During the conversion period from conventional to organic management, we determined approximately 50% reduced copper content in the soil 0–30 cm depth samples in 2020 (3.70 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) as it is compared to those initial samples (6.43 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) in 2018. We conclude that alternatives to copper that are easily accessible, e.g., vermicompost tea, have a potential for use in organic olive production to replace copper in mitigating olive leaf spots. Furthermore, we find that reduced copper application in organic management with the aim to decrease copper accumulation in soil, fruits and leaves was not yet enough to reduce copper to satisfactory levels. We conclude that further research with the aim of a total replacement of copper fungicide treatments in organic and non-organic systems is needed. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Alev Kir [verfasserIn] Barbaros Cetinel [verfasserIn] Didar Sevim [verfasserIn] Feriste Ozturk Gungor [verfasserIn] Francis Rayns [verfasserIn] Dionysios Touliatos [verfasserIn] Ulrich Schmutz [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2022

Schlagwörter:	soil pollution copper phase-out alternative input total water-soluble phenol compounds organic horticulture

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Agronomy - MDPI AG, 2012, 12(2022), 7, p 1712
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:12 ; year:2022 ; number:7, p 1712

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/agronomy12071712

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ033054177

Internformat


LEADER	01000caa a22002652 4500
001	DOAJ033054177
003	DE-627
005	20240414072532.0
007	cr uuu---uuuuu
008	230226s2022 xx \|\|\|\|\|o 00\| \|\|eng c
024	7		\|a 10.3390/agronomy12071712 \|2 doi
035			\|a (DE-627)DOAJ033054177
035			\|a (DE-599)DOAJ2c958c66e8a0437ab7a4d336555392dd
040			\|a DE-627 \|b ger \|c DE-627 \|e rakwb
041			\|a eng
100	0		\|a Alev Kir \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
245	1	0	\|a Agroecological Screening of Copper Alternatives for the Conservation of Soil Health in Organic Olive Production
264		1	\|c 2022
336			\|a Text \|b txt \|2 rdacontent
337			\|a Computermedien \|b c \|2 rdamedia
338			\|a Online-Ressource \|b cr \|2 rdacarrier
520			\|a The efficacy of soil conditioner (vermicompost tea), fertiliser (potassium silicate), and biological control agents (BCAs) as practical agroecological copper alternatives against olive leaf spot (<i<Spilocaea oleaginea (Cast.) Hughe.</i<) disease was investigated between 2018 and 2021 under organic management in a Mediterranean climate. In total, 9 agroecological alternatives to copper oxychloride (vermicompost tea, potassium silicate, <i<Bacillus subtilis</i< EU 007 WP, <i<Platanus orientalis</i< leaf extract, <i<Mycorrhiza</i< mix, seaweed commercial product, <i<Trichoderma citrinoviride</i< TR1, vermicompost tea+<i<Platanus orientalis</i< mix, <i<Penicillium</i< (Mouldy bread pieces)) were applied to olive trees in a randomised block design with 4 replicationsTotal water soluble phenol compounds (TWSP) were found to be the main bioindicator to assess the alternatives and their potential to phase-out copper application. Results related to TWSP indicated that copper oxychloride (control), potassium silicate and vermicompost tea showed significantly higher content of TWSP as we compared zero application of copper and other treatments. These stimulate the antioxidant capacity in olive fruits and reduce the olive leaf spot disease incidence. The pollution effect of copper was monitored during the trial to identify soil pollution in the organic in-conversion experimental land. The total annual ‘active copper’ application was 4.7 kg.ha<sup<−1</sup<.year<sup<−1</sup< and this is in accordance with the legal organic legislation of Turkey. During the conversion period from conventional to organic management, we determined approximately 50% reduced copper content in the soil 0–30 cm depth samples in 2020 (3.70 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) as it is compared to those initial samples (6.43 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) in 2018. We conclude that alternatives to copper that are easily accessible, e.g., vermicompost tea, have a potential for use in organic olive production to replace copper in mitigating olive leaf spots. Furthermore, we find that reduced copper application in organic management with the aim to decrease copper accumulation in soil, fruits and leaves was not yet enough to reduce copper to satisfactory levels. We conclude that further research with the aim of a total replacement of copper fungicide treatments in organic and non-organic systems is needed.
650		4	\|a soil pollution
650		4	\|a copper phase-out
650		4	\|a alternative input
650		4	\|a total water-soluble phenol compounds
650		4	\|a organic horticulture
653		0	\|a Agriculture
653		0	\|a S
700	0		\|a Barbaros Cetinel \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Didar Sevim \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Feriste Ozturk Gungor \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Francis Rayns \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Dionysios Touliatos \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Ulrich Schmutz \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
773	0	8	\|i In \|t Agronomy \|d MDPI AG, 2012 \|g 12(2022), 7, p 1712 \|w (DE-627)658000543 \|w (DE-600)2607043-1 \|x 20734395 \|7 nnns
773	1	8	\|g volume:12 \|g year:2022 \|g number:7, p 1712
856	4	0	\|u https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12071712 \|z kostenfrei
856	4	0	\|u https://doaj.org/article/2c958c66e8a0437ab7a4d336555392dd \|z kostenfrei
856	4	0	\|u https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/7/1712 \|z kostenfrei
856	4	2	\|u https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395 \|y Journal toc \|z kostenfrei
912			\|a GBV_USEFLAG_A
912			\|a SYSFLAG_A
912			\|a GBV_DOAJ
912			\|a GBV_ILN_20
912			\|a GBV_ILN_22
912			\|a GBV_ILN_24
912			\|a GBV_ILN_39
912			\|a GBV_ILN_40
912			\|a GBV_ILN_60
912			\|a GBV_ILN_62
912			\|a GBV_ILN_63
912			\|a GBV_ILN_65
912			\|a GBV_ILN_69
912			\|a GBV_ILN_70
912			\|a GBV_ILN_73
912			\|a GBV_ILN_95
912			\|a GBV_ILN_105
912			\|a GBV_ILN_110
912			\|a GBV_ILN_151
912			\|a GBV_ILN_161
912			\|a GBV_ILN_213
912			\|a GBV_ILN_230
912			\|a GBV_ILN_285
912			\|a GBV_ILN_293
912			\|a GBV_ILN_602
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2014
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4012
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4037
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4112
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4125
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4126
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4249
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4305
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4306
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4307
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4313
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4322
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4323
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4324
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4325
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4326
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4335
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4338
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4367
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4700
951			\|a AR
952			\|d 12 \|j 2022 \|e 7, p 1712

Indexfelder

author_variant	a k ak b c bc d s ds f o g fog f r fr d t dt u s us
matchkey_str	article:20734395:2022----::goclgclcennocpeatraiefrhcnevtoosihat
hierarchy_sort_str	2022
publishDate	2022
allfields	10.3390/agronomy12071712 doi (DE-627)DOAJ033054177 (DE-599)DOAJ2c958c66e8a0437ab7a4d336555392dd DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Alev Kir verfasserin aut Agroecological Screening of Copper Alternatives for the Conservation of Soil Health in Organic Olive Production 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The efficacy of soil conditioner (vermicompost tea), fertiliser (potassium silicate), and biological control agents (BCAs) as practical agroecological copper alternatives against olive leaf spot (<i<Spilocaea oleaginea (Cast.) Hughe.</i<) disease was investigated between 2018 and 2021 under organic management in a Mediterranean climate. In total, 9 agroecological alternatives to copper oxychloride (vermicompost tea, potassium silicate, <i<Bacillus subtilis</i< EU 007 WP, <i<Platanus orientalis</i< leaf extract, <i<Mycorrhiza</i< mix, seaweed commercial product, <i<Trichoderma citrinoviride</i< TR1, vermicompost tea+<i<Platanus orientalis</i< mix, <i<Penicillium</i< (Mouldy bread pieces)) were applied to olive trees in a randomised block design with 4 replicationsTotal water soluble phenol compounds (TWSP) were found to be the main bioindicator to assess the alternatives and their potential to phase-out copper application. Results related to TWSP indicated that copper oxychloride (control), potassium silicate and vermicompost tea showed significantly higher content of TWSP as we compared zero application of copper and other treatments. These stimulate the antioxidant capacity in olive fruits and reduce the olive leaf spot disease incidence. The pollution effect of copper was monitored during the trial to identify soil pollution in the organic in-conversion experimental land. The total annual ‘active copper’ application was 4.7 kg.ha<sup<−1</sup<.year<sup<−1</sup< and this is in accordance with the legal organic legislation of Turkey. During the conversion period from conventional to organic management, we determined approximately 50% reduced copper content in the soil 0–30 cm depth samples in 2020 (3.70 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) as it is compared to those initial samples (6.43 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) in 2018. We conclude that alternatives to copper that are easily accessible, e.g., vermicompost tea, have a potential for use in organic olive production to replace copper in mitigating olive leaf spots. Furthermore, we find that reduced copper application in organic management with the aim to decrease copper accumulation in soil, fruits and leaves was not yet enough to reduce copper to satisfactory levels. We conclude that further research with the aim of a total replacement of copper fungicide treatments in organic and non-organic systems is needed. soil pollution copper phase-out alternative input total water-soluble phenol compounds organic horticulture Agriculture S Barbaros Cetinel verfasserin aut Didar Sevim verfasserin aut Feriste Ozturk Gungor verfasserin aut Francis Rayns verfasserin aut Dionysios Touliatos verfasserin aut Ulrich Schmutz verfasserin aut In Agronomy MDPI AG, 2012 12(2022), 7, p 1712 (DE-627)658000543 (DE-600)2607043-1 20734395 nnns volume:12 year:2022 number:7, p 1712 https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12071712 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/2c958c66e8a0437ab7a4d336555392dd kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/7/1712 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2022 7, p 1712
spelling	10.3390/agronomy12071712 doi (DE-627)DOAJ033054177 (DE-599)DOAJ2c958c66e8a0437ab7a4d336555392dd DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Alev Kir verfasserin aut Agroecological Screening of Copper Alternatives for the Conservation of Soil Health in Organic Olive Production 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The efficacy of soil conditioner (vermicompost tea), fertiliser (potassium silicate), and biological control agents (BCAs) as practical agroecological copper alternatives against olive leaf spot (<i<Spilocaea oleaginea (Cast.) Hughe.</i<) disease was investigated between 2018 and 2021 under organic management in a Mediterranean climate. In total, 9 agroecological alternatives to copper oxychloride (vermicompost tea, potassium silicate, <i<Bacillus subtilis</i< EU 007 WP, <i<Platanus orientalis</i< leaf extract, <i<Mycorrhiza</i< mix, seaweed commercial product, <i<Trichoderma citrinoviride</i< TR1, vermicompost tea+<i<Platanus orientalis</i< mix, <i<Penicillium</i< (Mouldy bread pieces)) were applied to olive trees in a randomised block design with 4 replicationsTotal water soluble phenol compounds (TWSP) were found to be the main bioindicator to assess the alternatives and their potential to phase-out copper application. Results related to TWSP indicated that copper oxychloride (control), potassium silicate and vermicompost tea showed significantly higher content of TWSP as we compared zero application of copper and other treatments. These stimulate the antioxidant capacity in olive fruits and reduce the olive leaf spot disease incidence. The pollution effect of copper was monitored during the trial to identify soil pollution in the organic in-conversion experimental land. The total annual ‘active copper’ application was 4.7 kg.ha<sup<−1</sup<.year<sup<−1</sup< and this is in accordance with the legal organic legislation of Turkey. During the conversion period from conventional to organic management, we determined approximately 50% reduced copper content in the soil 0–30 cm depth samples in 2020 (3.70 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) as it is compared to those initial samples (6.43 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) in 2018. We conclude that alternatives to copper that are easily accessible, e.g., vermicompost tea, have a potential for use in organic olive production to replace copper in mitigating olive leaf spots. Furthermore, we find that reduced copper application in organic management with the aim to decrease copper accumulation in soil, fruits and leaves was not yet enough to reduce copper to satisfactory levels. We conclude that further research with the aim of a total replacement of copper fungicide treatments in organic and non-organic systems is needed. soil pollution copper phase-out alternative input total water-soluble phenol compounds organic horticulture Agriculture S Barbaros Cetinel verfasserin aut Didar Sevim verfasserin aut Feriste Ozturk Gungor verfasserin aut Francis Rayns verfasserin aut Dionysios Touliatos verfasserin aut Ulrich Schmutz verfasserin aut In Agronomy MDPI AG, 2012 12(2022), 7, p 1712 (DE-627)658000543 (DE-600)2607043-1 20734395 nnns volume:12 year:2022 number:7, p 1712 https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12071712 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/2c958c66e8a0437ab7a4d336555392dd kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/7/1712 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2022 7, p 1712
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/agronomy12071712 doi (DE-627)DOAJ033054177 (DE-599)DOAJ2c958c66e8a0437ab7a4d336555392dd DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Alev Kir verfasserin aut Agroecological Screening of Copper Alternatives for the Conservation of Soil Health in Organic Olive Production 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The efficacy of soil conditioner (vermicompost tea), fertiliser (potassium silicate), and biological control agents (BCAs) as practical agroecological copper alternatives against olive leaf spot (<i<Spilocaea oleaginea (Cast.) Hughe.</i<) disease was investigated between 2018 and 2021 under organic management in a Mediterranean climate. In total, 9 agroecological alternatives to copper oxychloride (vermicompost tea, potassium silicate, <i<Bacillus subtilis</i< EU 007 WP, <i<Platanus orientalis</i< leaf extract, <i<Mycorrhiza</i< mix, seaweed commercial product, <i<Trichoderma citrinoviride</i< TR1, vermicompost tea+<i<Platanus orientalis</i< mix, <i<Penicillium</i< (Mouldy bread pieces)) were applied to olive trees in a randomised block design with 4 replicationsTotal water soluble phenol compounds (TWSP) were found to be the main bioindicator to assess the alternatives and their potential to phase-out copper application. Results related to TWSP indicated that copper oxychloride (control), potassium silicate and vermicompost tea showed significantly higher content of TWSP as we compared zero application of copper and other treatments. These stimulate the antioxidant capacity in olive fruits and reduce the olive leaf spot disease incidence. The pollution effect of copper was monitored during the trial to identify soil pollution in the organic in-conversion experimental land. The total annual ‘active copper’ application was 4.7 kg.ha<sup<−1</sup<.year<sup<−1</sup< and this is in accordance with the legal organic legislation of Turkey. During the conversion period from conventional to organic management, we determined approximately 50% reduced copper content in the soil 0–30 cm depth samples in 2020 (3.70 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) as it is compared to those initial samples (6.43 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) in 2018. We conclude that alternatives to copper that are easily accessible, e.g., vermicompost tea, have a potential for use in organic olive production to replace copper in mitigating olive leaf spots. Furthermore, we find that reduced copper application in organic management with the aim to decrease copper accumulation in soil, fruits and leaves was not yet enough to reduce copper to satisfactory levels. We conclude that further research with the aim of a total replacement of copper fungicide treatments in organic and non-organic systems is needed. soil pollution copper phase-out alternative input total water-soluble phenol compounds organic horticulture Agriculture S Barbaros Cetinel verfasserin aut Didar Sevim verfasserin aut Feriste Ozturk Gungor verfasserin aut Francis Rayns verfasserin aut Dionysios Touliatos verfasserin aut Ulrich Schmutz verfasserin aut In Agronomy MDPI AG, 2012 12(2022), 7, p 1712 (DE-627)658000543 (DE-600)2607043-1 20734395 nnns volume:12 year:2022 number:7, p 1712 https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12071712 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/2c958c66e8a0437ab7a4d336555392dd kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/7/1712 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2022 7, p 1712
allfieldsGer	10.3390/agronomy12071712 doi (DE-627)DOAJ033054177 (DE-599)DOAJ2c958c66e8a0437ab7a4d336555392dd DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Alev Kir verfasserin aut Agroecological Screening of Copper Alternatives for the Conservation of Soil Health in Organic Olive Production 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The efficacy of soil conditioner (vermicompost tea), fertiliser (potassium silicate), and biological control agents (BCAs) as practical agroecological copper alternatives against olive leaf spot (<i<Spilocaea oleaginea (Cast.) Hughe.</i<) disease was investigated between 2018 and 2021 under organic management in a Mediterranean climate. In total, 9 agroecological alternatives to copper oxychloride (vermicompost tea, potassium silicate, <i<Bacillus subtilis</i< EU 007 WP, <i<Platanus orientalis</i< leaf extract, <i<Mycorrhiza</i< mix, seaweed commercial product, <i<Trichoderma citrinoviride</i< TR1, vermicompost tea+<i<Platanus orientalis</i< mix, <i<Penicillium</i< (Mouldy bread pieces)) were applied to olive trees in a randomised block design with 4 replicationsTotal water soluble phenol compounds (TWSP) were found to be the main bioindicator to assess the alternatives and their potential to phase-out copper application. Results related to TWSP indicated that copper oxychloride (control), potassium silicate and vermicompost tea showed significantly higher content of TWSP as we compared zero application of copper and other treatments. These stimulate the antioxidant capacity in olive fruits and reduce the olive leaf spot disease incidence. The pollution effect of copper was monitored during the trial to identify soil pollution in the organic in-conversion experimental land. The total annual ‘active copper’ application was 4.7 kg.ha<sup<−1</sup<.year<sup<−1</sup< and this is in accordance with the legal organic legislation of Turkey. During the conversion period from conventional to organic management, we determined approximately 50% reduced copper content in the soil 0–30 cm depth samples in 2020 (3.70 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) as it is compared to those initial samples (6.43 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) in 2018. We conclude that alternatives to copper that are easily accessible, e.g., vermicompost tea, have a potential for use in organic olive production to replace copper in mitigating olive leaf spots. Furthermore, we find that reduced copper application in organic management with the aim to decrease copper accumulation in soil, fruits and leaves was not yet enough to reduce copper to satisfactory levels. We conclude that further research with the aim of a total replacement of copper fungicide treatments in organic and non-organic systems is needed. soil pollution copper phase-out alternative input total water-soluble phenol compounds organic horticulture Agriculture S Barbaros Cetinel verfasserin aut Didar Sevim verfasserin aut Feriste Ozturk Gungor verfasserin aut Francis Rayns verfasserin aut Dionysios Touliatos verfasserin aut Ulrich Schmutz verfasserin aut In Agronomy MDPI AG, 2012 12(2022), 7, p 1712 (DE-627)658000543 (DE-600)2607043-1 20734395 nnns volume:12 year:2022 number:7, p 1712 https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12071712 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/2c958c66e8a0437ab7a4d336555392dd kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/7/1712 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2022 7, p 1712
allfieldsSound	10.3390/agronomy12071712 doi (DE-627)DOAJ033054177 (DE-599)DOAJ2c958c66e8a0437ab7a4d336555392dd DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Alev Kir verfasserin aut Agroecological Screening of Copper Alternatives for the Conservation of Soil Health in Organic Olive Production 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The efficacy of soil conditioner (vermicompost tea), fertiliser (potassium silicate), and biological control agents (BCAs) as practical agroecological copper alternatives against olive leaf spot (<i<Spilocaea oleaginea (Cast.) Hughe.</i<) disease was investigated between 2018 and 2021 under organic management in a Mediterranean climate. In total, 9 agroecological alternatives to copper oxychloride (vermicompost tea, potassium silicate, <i<Bacillus subtilis</i< EU 007 WP, <i<Platanus orientalis</i< leaf extract, <i<Mycorrhiza</i< mix, seaweed commercial product, <i<Trichoderma citrinoviride</i< TR1, vermicompost tea+<i<Platanus orientalis</i< mix, <i<Penicillium</i< (Mouldy bread pieces)) were applied to olive trees in a randomised block design with 4 replicationsTotal water soluble phenol compounds (TWSP) were found to be the main bioindicator to assess the alternatives and their potential to phase-out copper application. Results related to TWSP indicated that copper oxychloride (control), potassium silicate and vermicompost tea showed significantly higher content of TWSP as we compared zero application of copper and other treatments. These stimulate the antioxidant capacity in olive fruits and reduce the olive leaf spot disease incidence. The pollution effect of copper was monitored during the trial to identify soil pollution in the organic in-conversion experimental land. The total annual ‘active copper’ application was 4.7 kg.ha<sup<−1</sup<.year<sup<−1</sup< and this is in accordance with the legal organic legislation of Turkey. During the conversion period from conventional to organic management, we determined approximately 50% reduced copper content in the soil 0–30 cm depth samples in 2020 (3.70 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) as it is compared to those initial samples (6.43 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) in 2018. We conclude that alternatives to copper that are easily accessible, e.g., vermicompost tea, have a potential for use in organic olive production to replace copper in mitigating olive leaf spots. Furthermore, we find that reduced copper application in organic management with the aim to decrease copper accumulation in soil, fruits and leaves was not yet enough to reduce copper to satisfactory levels. We conclude that further research with the aim of a total replacement of copper fungicide treatments in organic and non-organic systems is needed. soil pollution copper phase-out alternative input total water-soluble phenol compounds organic horticulture Agriculture S Barbaros Cetinel verfasserin aut Didar Sevim verfasserin aut Feriste Ozturk Gungor verfasserin aut Francis Rayns verfasserin aut Dionysios Touliatos verfasserin aut Ulrich Schmutz verfasserin aut In Agronomy MDPI AG, 2012 12(2022), 7, p 1712 (DE-627)658000543 (DE-600)2607043-1 20734395 nnns volume:12 year:2022 number:7, p 1712 https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12071712 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/2c958c66e8a0437ab7a4d336555392dd kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/7/1712 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2022 7, p 1712
language	English
source	In Agronomy 12(2022), 7, p 1712 volume:12 year:2022 number:7, p 1712
sourceStr	In Agronomy 12(2022), 7, p 1712 volume:12 year:2022 number:7, p 1712
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	soil pollution copper phase-out alternative input total water-soluble phenol compounds organic horticulture Agriculture S
isfreeaccess_bool	true
container_title	Agronomy
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Alev Kir @@aut@@ Barbaros Cetinel @@aut@@ Didar Sevim @@aut@@ Feriste Ozturk Gungor @@aut@@ Francis Rayns @@aut@@ Dionysios Touliatos @@aut@@ Ulrich Schmutz @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	658000543
id	DOAJ033054177
language_de	englisch
fullrecord	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">DOAJ033054177</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20240414072532.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">230226s2022 xx \|\|\|\|\|o 00\| \|\|eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.3390/agronomy12071712</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)DOAJ033054177</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)DOAJ2c958c66e8a0437ab7a4d336555392dd</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Alev Kir</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Agroecological Screening of Copper Alternatives for the Conservation of Soil Health in Organic Olive Production</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2022</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">The efficacy of soil conditioner (vermicompost tea), fertiliser (potassium silicate), and biological control agents (BCAs) as practical agroecological copper alternatives against olive leaf spot (<i<Spilocaea oleaginea (Cast.) Hughe.</i<) disease was investigated between 2018 and 2021 under organic management in a Mediterranean climate. In total, 9 agroecological alternatives to copper oxychloride (vermicompost tea, potassium silicate, <i<Bacillus subtilis</i< EU 007 WP, <i<Platanus orientalis</i< leaf extract, <i<Mycorrhiza</i< mix, seaweed commercial product, <i<Trichoderma citrinoviride</i< TR1, vermicompost tea+<i<Platanus orientalis</i< mix, <i<Penicillium</i< (Mouldy bread pieces)) were applied to olive trees in a randomised block design with 4 replicationsTotal water soluble phenol compounds (TWSP) were found to be the main bioindicator to assess the alternatives and their potential to phase-out copper application. Results related to TWSP indicated that copper oxychloride (control), potassium silicate and vermicompost tea showed significantly higher content of TWSP as we compared zero application of copper and other treatments. These stimulate the antioxidant capacity in olive fruits and reduce the olive leaf spot disease incidence. The pollution effect of copper was monitored during the trial to identify soil pollution in the organic in-conversion experimental land. The total annual ‘active copper’ application was 4.7 kg.ha<sup<−1</sup<.year<sup<−1</sup< and this is in accordance with the legal organic legislation of Turkey. During the conversion period from conventional to organic management, we determined approximately 50% reduced copper content in the soil 0–30 cm depth samples in 2020 (3.70 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) as it is compared to those initial samples (6.43 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) in 2018. We conclude that alternatives to copper that are easily accessible, e.g., vermicompost tea, have a potential for use in organic olive production to replace copper in mitigating olive leaf spots. Furthermore, we find that reduced copper application in organic management with the aim to decrease copper accumulation in soil, fruits and leaves was not yet enough to reduce copper to satisfactory levels. We conclude that further research with the aim of a total replacement of copper fungicide treatments in organic and non-organic systems is needed.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">soil pollution</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">copper phase-out</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">alternative input</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">total water-soluble phenol compounds</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">organic horticulture</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Agriculture</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">S</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Barbaros Cetinel</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Didar Sevim</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Feriste Ozturk Gungor</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Francis Rayns</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Dionysios Touliatos</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Ulrich Schmutz</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">In</subfield><subfield code="t">Agronomy</subfield><subfield code="d">MDPI AG, 2012</subfield><subfield code="g">12(2022), 7, p 1712</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-627)658000543</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-600)2607043-1</subfield><subfield code="x">20734395</subfield><subfield code="7">nnns</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="1" ind2="8"><subfield code="g">volume:12</subfield><subfield code="g">year:2022</subfield><subfield code="g">number:7, p 1712</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12071712</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doaj.org/article/2c958c66e8a0437ab7a4d336555392dd</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/7/1712</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="u">https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395</subfield><subfield code="y">Journal toc</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_USEFLAG_A</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SYSFLAG_A</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_DOAJ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_20</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_24</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_39</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_40</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_60</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_62</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_63</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_65</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_69</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_70</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_73</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_95</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_105</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_110</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_151</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_161</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_230</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_285</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_293</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_602</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2014</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4012</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4037</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4112</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4125</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4126</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4249</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4305</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4306</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4307</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4313</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4322</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4323</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4324</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4325</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4326</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4335</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4338</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4367</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4700</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="951" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">AR</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="952" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="d">12</subfield><subfield code="j">2022</subfield><subfield code="e">7, p 1712</subfield></datafield></record></collection>
author	Alev Kir
spellingShingle	Alev Kir misc soil pollution misc copper phase-out misc alternative input misc total water-soluble phenol compounds misc organic horticulture misc Agriculture misc S Agroecological Screening of Copper Alternatives for the Conservation of Soil Health in Organic Olive Production
authorStr	Alev Kir
ppnlink_with_tag_str_mv	@@773@@(DE-627)658000543
format	electronic Article
delete_txt_mv	keep
author_role	aut aut aut aut aut aut aut
collection	DOAJ
remote_str	true
illustrated	Not Illustrated
issn	20734395
topic_title	Agroecological Screening of Copper Alternatives for the Conservation of Soil Health in Organic Olive Production soil pollution copper phase-out alternative input total water-soluble phenol compounds organic horticulture
topic	misc soil pollution misc copper phase-out misc alternative input misc total water-soluble phenol compounds misc organic horticulture misc Agriculture misc S
topic_unstemmed	misc soil pollution misc copper phase-out misc alternative input misc total water-soluble phenol compounds misc organic horticulture misc Agriculture misc S
topic_browse	misc soil pollution misc copper phase-out misc alternative input misc total water-soluble phenol compounds misc organic horticulture misc Agriculture misc S
format_facet	Elektronische Aufsätze Aufsätze Elektronische Ressource
format_main_str_mv	Text Zeitschrift/Artikel
carriertype_str_mv	cr
hierarchy_parent_title	Agronomy
hierarchy_parent_id	658000543
hierarchy_top_title	Agronomy
isfreeaccess_txt	true
familylinks_str_mv	(DE-627)658000543 (DE-600)2607043-1
title	Agroecological Screening of Copper Alternatives for the Conservation of Soil Health in Organic Olive Production
ctrlnum	(DE-627)DOAJ033054177 (DE-599)DOAJ2c958c66e8a0437ab7a4d336555392dd
title_full	Agroecological Screening of Copper Alternatives for the Conservation of Soil Health in Organic Olive Production
author_sort	Alev Kir
journal	Agronomy
journalStr	Agronomy
lang_code	eng
isOA_bool	true
recordtype	marc
publishDateSort	2022
contenttype_str_mv	txt
author_browse	Alev Kir Barbaros Cetinel Didar Sevim Feriste Ozturk Gungor Francis Rayns Dionysios Touliatos Ulrich Schmutz
container_volume	12
format_se	Elektronische Aufsätze
author-letter	Alev Kir
doi_str_mv	10.3390/agronomy12071712
author2-role	verfasserin
title_sort	agroecological screening of copper alternatives for the conservation of soil health in organic olive production
title_auth	Agroecological Screening of Copper Alternatives for the Conservation of Soil Health in Organic Olive Production
abstract	The efficacy of soil conditioner (vermicompost tea), fertiliser (potassium silicate), and biological control agents (BCAs) as practical agroecological copper alternatives against olive leaf spot (<i<Spilocaea oleaginea (Cast.) Hughe.</i<) disease was investigated between 2018 and 2021 under organic management in a Mediterranean climate. In total, 9 agroecological alternatives to copper oxychloride (vermicompost tea, potassium silicate, <i<Bacillus subtilis</i< EU 007 WP, <i<Platanus orientalis</i< leaf extract, <i<Mycorrhiza</i< mix, seaweed commercial product, <i<Trichoderma citrinoviride</i< TR1, vermicompost tea+<i<Platanus orientalis</i< mix, <i<Penicillium</i< (Mouldy bread pieces)) were applied to olive trees in a randomised block design with 4 replicationsTotal water soluble phenol compounds (TWSP) were found to be the main bioindicator to assess the alternatives and their potential to phase-out copper application. Results related to TWSP indicated that copper oxychloride (control), potassium silicate and vermicompost tea showed significantly higher content of TWSP as we compared zero application of copper and other treatments. These stimulate the antioxidant capacity in olive fruits and reduce the olive leaf spot disease incidence. The pollution effect of copper was monitored during the trial to identify soil pollution in the organic in-conversion experimental land. The total annual ‘active copper’ application was 4.7 kg.ha<sup<−1</sup<.year<sup<−1</sup< and this is in accordance with the legal organic legislation of Turkey. During the conversion period from conventional to organic management, we determined approximately 50% reduced copper content in the soil 0–30 cm depth samples in 2020 (3.70 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) as it is compared to those initial samples (6.43 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) in 2018. We conclude that alternatives to copper that are easily accessible, e.g., vermicompost tea, have a potential for use in organic olive production to replace copper in mitigating olive leaf spots. Furthermore, we find that reduced copper application in organic management with the aim to decrease copper accumulation in soil, fruits and leaves was not yet enough to reduce copper to satisfactory levels. We conclude that further research with the aim of a total replacement of copper fungicide treatments in organic and non-organic systems is needed.
abstractGer	The efficacy of soil conditioner (vermicompost tea), fertiliser (potassium silicate), and biological control agents (BCAs) as practical agroecological copper alternatives against olive leaf spot (<i<Spilocaea oleaginea (Cast.) Hughe.</i<) disease was investigated between 2018 and 2021 under organic management in a Mediterranean climate. In total, 9 agroecological alternatives to copper oxychloride (vermicompost tea, potassium silicate, <i<Bacillus subtilis</i< EU 007 WP, <i<Platanus orientalis</i< leaf extract, <i<Mycorrhiza</i< mix, seaweed commercial product, <i<Trichoderma citrinoviride</i< TR1, vermicompost tea+<i<Platanus orientalis</i< mix, <i<Penicillium</i< (Mouldy bread pieces)) were applied to olive trees in a randomised block design with 4 replicationsTotal water soluble phenol compounds (TWSP) were found to be the main bioindicator to assess the alternatives and their potential to phase-out copper application. Results related to TWSP indicated that copper oxychloride (control), potassium silicate and vermicompost tea showed significantly higher content of TWSP as we compared zero application of copper and other treatments. These stimulate the antioxidant capacity in olive fruits and reduce the olive leaf spot disease incidence. The pollution effect of copper was monitored during the trial to identify soil pollution in the organic in-conversion experimental land. The total annual ‘active copper’ application was 4.7 kg.ha<sup<−1</sup<.year<sup<−1</sup< and this is in accordance with the legal organic legislation of Turkey. During the conversion period from conventional to organic management, we determined approximately 50% reduced copper content in the soil 0–30 cm depth samples in 2020 (3.70 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) as it is compared to those initial samples (6.43 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) in 2018. We conclude that alternatives to copper that are easily accessible, e.g., vermicompost tea, have a potential for use in organic olive production to replace copper in mitigating olive leaf spots. Furthermore, we find that reduced copper application in organic management with the aim to decrease copper accumulation in soil, fruits and leaves was not yet enough to reduce copper to satisfactory levels. We conclude that further research with the aim of a total replacement of copper fungicide treatments in organic and non-organic systems is needed.
abstract_unstemmed	The efficacy of soil conditioner (vermicompost tea), fertiliser (potassium silicate), and biological control agents (BCAs) as practical agroecological copper alternatives against olive leaf spot (<i<Spilocaea oleaginea (Cast.) Hughe.</i<) disease was investigated between 2018 and 2021 under organic management in a Mediterranean climate. In total, 9 agroecological alternatives to copper oxychloride (vermicompost tea, potassium silicate, <i<Bacillus subtilis</i< EU 007 WP, <i<Platanus orientalis</i< leaf extract, <i<Mycorrhiza</i< mix, seaweed commercial product, <i<Trichoderma citrinoviride</i< TR1, vermicompost tea+<i<Platanus orientalis</i< mix, <i<Penicillium</i< (Mouldy bread pieces)) were applied to olive trees in a randomised block design with 4 replicationsTotal water soluble phenol compounds (TWSP) were found to be the main bioindicator to assess the alternatives and their potential to phase-out copper application. Results related to TWSP indicated that copper oxychloride (control), potassium silicate and vermicompost tea showed significantly higher content of TWSP as we compared zero application of copper and other treatments. These stimulate the antioxidant capacity in olive fruits and reduce the olive leaf spot disease incidence. The pollution effect of copper was monitored during the trial to identify soil pollution in the organic in-conversion experimental land. The total annual ‘active copper’ application was 4.7 kg.ha<sup<−1</sup<.year<sup<−1</sup< and this is in accordance with the legal organic legislation of Turkey. During the conversion period from conventional to organic management, we determined approximately 50% reduced copper content in the soil 0–30 cm depth samples in 2020 (3.70 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) as it is compared to those initial samples (6.43 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) in 2018. We conclude that alternatives to copper that are easily accessible, e.g., vermicompost tea, have a potential for use in organic olive production to replace copper in mitigating olive leaf spots. Furthermore, we find that reduced copper application in organic management with the aim to decrease copper accumulation in soil, fruits and leaves was not yet enough to reduce copper to satisfactory levels. We conclude that further research with the aim of a total replacement of copper fungicide treatments in organic and non-organic systems is needed.
collection_details	GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700
container_issue	7, p 1712
title_short	Agroecological Screening of Copper Alternatives for the Conservation of Soil Health in Organic Olive Production
url	https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12071712 https://doaj.org/article/2c958c66e8a0437ab7a4d336555392dd https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/7/1712 https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395
remote_bool	true
author2	Barbaros Cetinel Didar Sevim Feriste Ozturk Gungor Francis Rayns Dionysios Touliatos Ulrich Schmutz
author2Str	Barbaros Cetinel Didar Sevim Feriste Ozturk Gungor Francis Rayns Dionysios Touliatos Ulrich Schmutz
ppnlink	658000543
mediatype_str_mv	c
isOA_txt	true
hochschulschrift_bool	false
doi_str	10.3390/agronomy12071712
up_date	2024-07-03T15:34:47.965Z
_version_	1803572622616690688
fullrecord_marcxml	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">DOAJ033054177</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20240414072532.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">230226s2022 xx \|\|\|\|\|o 00\| \|\|eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.3390/agronomy12071712</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)DOAJ033054177</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)DOAJ2c958c66e8a0437ab7a4d336555392dd</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Alev Kir</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Agroecological Screening of Copper Alternatives for the Conservation of Soil Health in Organic Olive Production</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2022</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">The efficacy of soil conditioner (vermicompost tea), fertiliser (potassium silicate), and biological control agents (BCAs) as practical agroecological copper alternatives against olive leaf spot (<i<Spilocaea oleaginea (Cast.) Hughe.</i<) disease was investigated between 2018 and 2021 under organic management in a Mediterranean climate. In total, 9 agroecological alternatives to copper oxychloride (vermicompost tea, potassium silicate, <i<Bacillus subtilis</i< EU 007 WP, <i<Platanus orientalis</i< leaf extract, <i<Mycorrhiza</i< mix, seaweed commercial product, <i<Trichoderma citrinoviride</i< TR1, vermicompost tea+<i<Platanus orientalis</i< mix, <i<Penicillium</i< (Mouldy bread pieces)) were applied to olive trees in a randomised block design with 4 replicationsTotal water soluble phenol compounds (TWSP) were found to be the main bioindicator to assess the alternatives and their potential to phase-out copper application. Results related to TWSP indicated that copper oxychloride (control), potassium silicate and vermicompost tea showed significantly higher content of TWSP as we compared zero application of copper and other treatments. These stimulate the antioxidant capacity in olive fruits and reduce the olive leaf spot disease incidence. The pollution effect of copper was monitored during the trial to identify soil pollution in the organic in-conversion experimental land. The total annual ‘active copper’ application was 4.7 kg.ha<sup<−1</sup<.year<sup<−1</sup< and this is in accordance with the legal organic legislation of Turkey. During the conversion period from conventional to organic management, we determined approximately 50% reduced copper content in the soil 0–30 cm depth samples in 2020 (3.70 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) as it is compared to those initial samples (6.43 mg.kg<sup<−1</sup<) in 2018. We conclude that alternatives to copper that are easily accessible, e.g., vermicompost tea, have a potential for use in organic olive production to replace copper in mitigating olive leaf spots. Furthermore, we find that reduced copper application in organic management with the aim to decrease copper accumulation in soil, fruits and leaves was not yet enough to reduce copper to satisfactory levels. We conclude that further research with the aim of a total replacement of copper fungicide treatments in organic and non-organic systems is needed.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">soil pollution</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">copper phase-out</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">alternative input</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">total water-soluble phenol compounds</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">organic horticulture</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Agriculture</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">S</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Barbaros Cetinel</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Didar Sevim</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Feriste Ozturk Gungor</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Francis Rayns</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Dionysios Touliatos</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Ulrich Schmutz</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">In</subfield><subfield code="t">Agronomy</subfield><subfield code="d">MDPI AG, 2012</subfield><subfield code="g">12(2022), 7, p 1712</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-627)658000543</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-600)2607043-1</subfield><subfield code="x">20734395</subfield><subfield code="7">nnns</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="1" ind2="8"><subfield code="g">volume:12</subfield><subfield code="g">year:2022</subfield><subfield code="g">number:7, p 1712</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12071712</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doaj.org/article/2c958c66e8a0437ab7a4d336555392dd</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/7/1712</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="u">https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395</subfield><subfield code="y">Journal toc</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_USEFLAG_A</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SYSFLAG_A</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_DOAJ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_20</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_24</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_39</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_40</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_60</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_62</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_63</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_65</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_69</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_70</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_73</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_95</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_105</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_110</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_151</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_161</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_230</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_285</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_293</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_602</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2014</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4012</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4037</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4112</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4125</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4126</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4249</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4305</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4306</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4307</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4313</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4322</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4323</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4324</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4325</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4326</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4335</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4338</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4367</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4700</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="951" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">AR</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="952" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="d">12</subfield><subfield code="j">2022</subfield><subfield code="e">7, p 1712</subfield></datafield></record></collection>
score	7.400075

Nicht das Richtige dabei?

Schreiben Sie uns!

Agroecological Screening of Copper Alternatives for the Conservation of Soil Health in Organic Olive Production

Nicht das Richtige dabei?

Zugang & Verfügbarkeit

Vorhandene Bände

Nicht das Richtige dabei?