High Diversity and Abundance of Foraminifera Associated with Mediterranean Benthic Red Algae Mats

The Mediterranean Sea comprises habitats such as <i<Posidonia oceanica</i< seagrass meadows that exhibit high associated biodiversity of sessile organisms. Recent pilot research indicates that benthic mats formed by the scarcely investigated fleshy red alga <i<Phyllophora crispa</i< also host a high diversity of benthic fauna. Among the key taxa found in these mats in the recent pilot studies are benthic foraminifera that live as epiphytes on the red algae thalli. Knowledge about their abundance and species richness associated with this habitat in relation to reference habitats is missing. We thus carried out a comparative assessment focusing on foraminifera within samples from <i<P. crispa</i< mats and neighboring <i<P. oceanica</i< meadows on five different sampling sites around Giglio Island in the Tuscan Archipelago (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). A total of 104 different foraminiferal taxa were identified, of which a total of 85 taxa were found in <i<P. crispa</i< samples (46 exclusively in this habitat). This biodiversity was higher compared to other studies on phytal habitats in the Mediterranean Sea. The number of foraminiferal taxa associated with <i<P. crispa</i< was significantly higher (average 27.5 ± 8.1 taxa) compared to <i<P. oceanica</i< (leaves average 7.0 ± 3.6, shoots average 7.9 ± 3.4 taxa). The abundance of foraminifera (12,000 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< surface area of <i<P. crispa</i< mat) was also higher than in the neighboring <i<P. oceanica</i< meadows (7792 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< leaf and 8171 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< shoot surface area). The most frequently found taxa across habitats were <i<Miniacina miniacea</i<, <i<Lobatula lobatula</i<, and <i<Sejunctella</i< sp. (24%, 20%, and 6% of the total population, respectively). Our results imply that <i<P. crispa</i< mats host an exceptional diversity of associated foraminifera that is even higher than those associated with seagrass meadows. Red algae mats built by <i<P. crispa</i< may thus be considered as potential refuge habitats and biodiversity reservoirs in management and conservation. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Felix Ivo Rossbach [verfasserIn] Benedikt Merk [verfasserIn] Christian Wild [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Schlagwörter:	phytal habitat hard-bottom communities ecosystem engineer Mediterranean Sea epibionts

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Diversity - MDPI AG, 2009, 14(2021), 1, p 21
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:14 ; year:2021 ; number:1, p 21

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/d14010021

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ033842566

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allfields	10.3390/d14010021 doi (DE-627)DOAJ033842566 (DE-599)DOAJ299b4c8c8128487899b1e20b57daaf89 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH301-705.5 Felix Ivo Rossbach verfasserin aut High Diversity and Abundance of Foraminifera Associated with Mediterranean Benthic Red Algae Mats 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The Mediterranean Sea comprises habitats such as <i<Posidonia oceanica</i< seagrass meadows that exhibit high associated biodiversity of sessile organisms. Recent pilot research indicates that benthic mats formed by the scarcely investigated fleshy red alga <i<Phyllophora crispa</i< also host a high diversity of benthic fauna. Among the key taxa found in these mats in the recent pilot studies are benthic foraminifera that live as epiphytes on the red algae thalli. Knowledge about their abundance and species richness associated with this habitat in relation to reference habitats is missing. We thus carried out a comparative assessment focusing on foraminifera within samples from <i<P. crispa</i< mats and neighboring <i<P. oceanica</i< meadows on five different sampling sites around Giglio Island in the Tuscan Archipelago (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). A total of 104 different foraminiferal taxa were identified, of which a total of 85 taxa were found in <i<P. crispa</i< samples (46 exclusively in this habitat). This biodiversity was higher compared to other studies on phytal habitats in the Mediterranean Sea. The number of foraminiferal taxa associated with <i<P. crispa</i< was significantly higher (average 27.5 ± 8.1 taxa) compared to <i<P. oceanica</i< (leaves average 7.0 ± 3.6, shoots average 7.9 ± 3.4 taxa). The abundance of foraminifera (12,000 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< surface area of <i<P. crispa</i< mat) was also higher than in the neighboring <i<P. oceanica</i< meadows (7792 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< leaf and 8171 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< shoot surface area). The most frequently found taxa across habitats were <i<Miniacina miniacea</i<, <i<Lobatula lobatula</i<, and <i<Sejunctella</i< sp. (24%, 20%, and 6% of the total population, respectively). Our results imply that <i<P. crispa</i< mats host an exceptional diversity of associated foraminifera that is even higher than those associated with seagrass meadows. Red algae mats built by <i<P. crispa</i< may thus be considered as potential refuge habitats and biodiversity reservoirs in management and conservation. <i<Phyllophora crispa</i< phytal habitat hard-bottom communities ecosystem engineer Mediterranean Sea epibionts Biology (General) Benedikt Merk verfasserin aut Christian Wild verfasserin aut In Diversity MDPI AG, 2009 14(2021), 1, p 21 (DE-627)610602756 (DE-600)2518137-3 14242818 nnns volume:14 year:2021 number:1, p 21 https://doi.org/10.3390/d14010021 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/299b4c8c8128487899b1e20b57daaf89 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/14/1/21 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1424-2818 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2021 1, p 21
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allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/d14010021 doi (DE-627)DOAJ033842566 (DE-599)DOAJ299b4c8c8128487899b1e20b57daaf89 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH301-705.5 Felix Ivo Rossbach verfasserin aut High Diversity and Abundance of Foraminifera Associated with Mediterranean Benthic Red Algae Mats 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The Mediterranean Sea comprises habitats such as <i<Posidonia oceanica</i< seagrass meadows that exhibit high associated biodiversity of sessile organisms. Recent pilot research indicates that benthic mats formed by the scarcely investigated fleshy red alga <i<Phyllophora crispa</i< also host a high diversity of benthic fauna. Among the key taxa found in these mats in the recent pilot studies are benthic foraminifera that live as epiphytes on the red algae thalli. Knowledge about their abundance and species richness associated with this habitat in relation to reference habitats is missing. We thus carried out a comparative assessment focusing on foraminifera within samples from <i<P. crispa</i< mats and neighboring <i<P. oceanica</i< meadows on five different sampling sites around Giglio Island in the Tuscan Archipelago (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). A total of 104 different foraminiferal taxa were identified, of which a total of 85 taxa were found in <i<P. crispa</i< samples (46 exclusively in this habitat). This biodiversity was higher compared to other studies on phytal habitats in the Mediterranean Sea. The number of foraminiferal taxa associated with <i<P. crispa</i< was significantly higher (average 27.5 ± 8.1 taxa) compared to <i<P. oceanica</i< (leaves average 7.0 ± 3.6, shoots average 7.9 ± 3.4 taxa). The abundance of foraminifera (12,000 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< surface area of <i<P. crispa</i< mat) was also higher than in the neighboring <i<P. oceanica</i< meadows (7792 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< leaf and 8171 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< shoot surface area). The most frequently found taxa across habitats were <i<Miniacina miniacea</i<, <i<Lobatula lobatula</i<, and <i<Sejunctella</i< sp. (24%, 20%, and 6% of the total population, respectively). Our results imply that <i<P. crispa</i< mats host an exceptional diversity of associated foraminifera that is even higher than those associated with seagrass meadows. Red algae mats built by <i<P. crispa</i< may thus be considered as potential refuge habitats and biodiversity reservoirs in management and conservation. <i<Phyllophora crispa</i< phytal habitat hard-bottom communities ecosystem engineer Mediterranean Sea epibionts Biology (General) Benedikt Merk verfasserin aut Christian Wild verfasserin aut In Diversity MDPI AG, 2009 14(2021), 1, p 21 (DE-627)610602756 (DE-600)2518137-3 14242818 nnns volume:14 year:2021 number:1, p 21 https://doi.org/10.3390/d14010021 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/299b4c8c8128487899b1e20b57daaf89 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/14/1/21 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1424-2818 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2021 1, p 21
allfieldsGer	10.3390/d14010021 doi (DE-627)DOAJ033842566 (DE-599)DOAJ299b4c8c8128487899b1e20b57daaf89 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH301-705.5 Felix Ivo Rossbach verfasserin aut High Diversity and Abundance of Foraminifera Associated with Mediterranean Benthic Red Algae Mats 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The Mediterranean Sea comprises habitats such as <i<Posidonia oceanica</i< seagrass meadows that exhibit high associated biodiversity of sessile organisms. Recent pilot research indicates that benthic mats formed by the scarcely investigated fleshy red alga <i<Phyllophora crispa</i< also host a high diversity of benthic fauna. Among the key taxa found in these mats in the recent pilot studies are benthic foraminifera that live as epiphytes on the red algae thalli. Knowledge about their abundance and species richness associated with this habitat in relation to reference habitats is missing. We thus carried out a comparative assessment focusing on foraminifera within samples from <i<P. crispa</i< mats and neighboring <i<P. oceanica</i< meadows on five different sampling sites around Giglio Island in the Tuscan Archipelago (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). A total of 104 different foraminiferal taxa were identified, of which a total of 85 taxa were found in <i<P. crispa</i< samples (46 exclusively in this habitat). This biodiversity was higher compared to other studies on phytal habitats in the Mediterranean Sea. The number of foraminiferal taxa associated with <i<P. crispa</i< was significantly higher (average 27.5 ± 8.1 taxa) compared to <i<P. oceanica</i< (leaves average 7.0 ± 3.6, shoots average 7.9 ± 3.4 taxa). The abundance of foraminifera (12,000 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< surface area of <i<P. crispa</i< mat) was also higher than in the neighboring <i<P. oceanica</i< meadows (7792 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< leaf and 8171 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< shoot surface area). The most frequently found taxa across habitats were <i<Miniacina miniacea</i<, <i<Lobatula lobatula</i<, and <i<Sejunctella</i< sp. (24%, 20%, and 6% of the total population, respectively). Our results imply that <i<P. crispa</i< mats host an exceptional diversity of associated foraminifera that is even higher than those associated with seagrass meadows. Red algae mats built by <i<P. crispa</i< may thus be considered as potential refuge habitats and biodiversity reservoirs in management and conservation. <i<Phyllophora crispa</i< phytal habitat hard-bottom communities ecosystem engineer Mediterranean Sea epibionts Biology (General) Benedikt Merk verfasserin aut Christian Wild verfasserin aut In Diversity MDPI AG, 2009 14(2021), 1, p 21 (DE-627)610602756 (DE-600)2518137-3 14242818 nnns volume:14 year:2021 number:1, p 21 https://doi.org/10.3390/d14010021 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/299b4c8c8128487899b1e20b57daaf89 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/14/1/21 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1424-2818 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2021 1, p 21
allfieldsSound	10.3390/d14010021 doi (DE-627)DOAJ033842566 (DE-599)DOAJ299b4c8c8128487899b1e20b57daaf89 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH301-705.5 Felix Ivo Rossbach verfasserin aut High Diversity and Abundance of Foraminifera Associated with Mediterranean Benthic Red Algae Mats 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The Mediterranean Sea comprises habitats such as <i<Posidonia oceanica</i< seagrass meadows that exhibit high associated biodiversity of sessile organisms. Recent pilot research indicates that benthic mats formed by the scarcely investigated fleshy red alga <i<Phyllophora crispa</i< also host a high diversity of benthic fauna. Among the key taxa found in these mats in the recent pilot studies are benthic foraminifera that live as epiphytes on the red algae thalli. Knowledge about their abundance and species richness associated with this habitat in relation to reference habitats is missing. We thus carried out a comparative assessment focusing on foraminifera within samples from <i<P. crispa</i< mats and neighboring <i<P. oceanica</i< meadows on five different sampling sites around Giglio Island in the Tuscan Archipelago (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). A total of 104 different foraminiferal taxa were identified, of which a total of 85 taxa were found in <i<P. crispa</i< samples (46 exclusively in this habitat). This biodiversity was higher compared to other studies on phytal habitats in the Mediterranean Sea. The number of foraminiferal taxa associated with <i<P. crispa</i< was significantly higher (average 27.5 ± 8.1 taxa) compared to <i<P. oceanica</i< (leaves average 7.0 ± 3.6, shoots average 7.9 ± 3.4 taxa). The abundance of foraminifera (12,000 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< surface area of <i<P. crispa</i< mat) was also higher than in the neighboring <i<P. oceanica</i< meadows (7792 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< leaf and 8171 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< shoot surface area). The most frequently found taxa across habitats were <i<Miniacina miniacea</i<, <i<Lobatula lobatula</i<, and <i<Sejunctella</i< sp. (24%, 20%, and 6% of the total population, respectively). Our results imply that <i<P. crispa</i< mats host an exceptional diversity of associated foraminifera that is even higher than those associated with seagrass meadows. Red algae mats built by <i<P. crispa</i< may thus be considered as potential refuge habitats and biodiversity reservoirs in management and conservation. <i<Phyllophora crispa</i< phytal habitat hard-bottom communities ecosystem engineer Mediterranean Sea epibionts Biology (General) Benedikt Merk verfasserin aut Christian Wild verfasserin aut In Diversity MDPI AG, 2009 14(2021), 1, p 21 (DE-627)610602756 (DE-600)2518137-3 14242818 nnns volume:14 year:2021 number:1, p 21 https://doi.org/10.3390/d14010021 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/299b4c8c8128487899b1e20b57daaf89 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/14/1/21 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1424-2818 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2021 1, p 21
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container_title	Diversity
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Felix Ivo Rossbach @@aut@@ Benedikt Merk @@aut@@ Christian Wild @@aut@@
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callnumber-first	Q - Science
author	Felix Ivo Rossbach
spellingShingle	Felix Ivo Rossbach misc QH301-705.5 misc <i<Phyllophora crispa</i< misc phytal habitat misc hard-bottom communities misc ecosystem engineer misc Mediterranean Sea misc epibionts misc Biology (General) High Diversity and Abundance of Foraminifera Associated with Mediterranean Benthic Red Algae Mats
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topic_title	QH301-705.5 High Diversity and Abundance of Foraminifera Associated with Mediterranean Benthic Red Algae Mats <i<Phyllophora crispa</i< phytal habitat hard-bottom communities ecosystem engineer Mediterranean Sea epibionts
topic	misc QH301-705.5 misc <i<Phyllophora crispa</i< misc phytal habitat misc hard-bottom communities misc ecosystem engineer misc Mediterranean Sea misc epibionts misc Biology (General)
topic_unstemmed	misc QH301-705.5 misc <i<Phyllophora crispa</i< misc phytal habitat misc hard-bottom communities misc ecosystem engineer misc Mediterranean Sea misc epibionts misc Biology (General)
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title	High Diversity and Abundance of Foraminifera Associated with Mediterranean Benthic Red Algae Mats
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title_full	High Diversity and Abundance of Foraminifera Associated with Mediterranean Benthic Red Algae Mats
author_sort	Felix Ivo Rossbach
journal	Diversity
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author_browse	Felix Ivo Rossbach Benedikt Merk Christian Wild
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author-letter	Felix Ivo Rossbach
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title_sort	high diversity and abundance of foraminifera associated with mediterranean benthic red algae mats
callnumber	QH301-705.5
title_auth	High Diversity and Abundance of Foraminifera Associated with Mediterranean Benthic Red Algae Mats
abstract	The Mediterranean Sea comprises habitats such as <i<Posidonia oceanica</i< seagrass meadows that exhibit high associated biodiversity of sessile organisms. Recent pilot research indicates that benthic mats formed by the scarcely investigated fleshy red alga <i<Phyllophora crispa</i< also host a high diversity of benthic fauna. Among the key taxa found in these mats in the recent pilot studies are benthic foraminifera that live as epiphytes on the red algae thalli. Knowledge about their abundance and species richness associated with this habitat in relation to reference habitats is missing. We thus carried out a comparative assessment focusing on foraminifera within samples from <i<P. crispa</i< mats and neighboring <i<P. oceanica</i< meadows on five different sampling sites around Giglio Island in the Tuscan Archipelago (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). A total of 104 different foraminiferal taxa were identified, of which a total of 85 taxa were found in <i<P. crispa</i< samples (46 exclusively in this habitat). This biodiversity was higher compared to other studies on phytal habitats in the Mediterranean Sea. The number of foraminiferal taxa associated with <i<P. crispa</i< was significantly higher (average 27.5 ± 8.1 taxa) compared to <i<P. oceanica</i< (leaves average 7.0 ± 3.6, shoots average 7.9 ± 3.4 taxa). The abundance of foraminifera (12,000 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< surface area of <i<P. crispa</i< mat) was also higher than in the neighboring <i<P. oceanica</i< meadows (7792 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< leaf and 8171 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< shoot surface area). The most frequently found taxa across habitats were <i<Miniacina miniacea</i<, <i<Lobatula lobatula</i<, and <i<Sejunctella</i< sp. (24%, 20%, and 6% of the total population, respectively). Our results imply that <i<P. crispa</i< mats host an exceptional diversity of associated foraminifera that is even higher than those associated with seagrass meadows. Red algae mats built by <i<P. crispa</i< may thus be considered as potential refuge habitats and biodiversity reservoirs in management and conservation.
abstractGer	The Mediterranean Sea comprises habitats such as <i<Posidonia oceanica</i< seagrass meadows that exhibit high associated biodiversity of sessile organisms. Recent pilot research indicates that benthic mats formed by the scarcely investigated fleshy red alga <i<Phyllophora crispa</i< also host a high diversity of benthic fauna. Among the key taxa found in these mats in the recent pilot studies are benthic foraminifera that live as epiphytes on the red algae thalli. Knowledge about their abundance and species richness associated with this habitat in relation to reference habitats is missing. We thus carried out a comparative assessment focusing on foraminifera within samples from <i<P. crispa</i< mats and neighboring <i<P. oceanica</i< meadows on five different sampling sites around Giglio Island in the Tuscan Archipelago (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). A total of 104 different foraminiferal taxa were identified, of which a total of 85 taxa were found in <i<P. crispa</i< samples (46 exclusively in this habitat). This biodiversity was higher compared to other studies on phytal habitats in the Mediterranean Sea. The number of foraminiferal taxa associated with <i<P. crispa</i< was significantly higher (average 27.5 ± 8.1 taxa) compared to <i<P. oceanica</i< (leaves average 7.0 ± 3.6, shoots average 7.9 ± 3.4 taxa). The abundance of foraminifera (12,000 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< surface area of <i<P. crispa</i< mat) was also higher than in the neighboring <i<P. oceanica</i< meadows (7792 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< leaf and 8171 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< shoot surface area). The most frequently found taxa across habitats were <i<Miniacina miniacea</i<, <i<Lobatula lobatula</i<, and <i<Sejunctella</i< sp. (24%, 20%, and 6% of the total population, respectively). Our results imply that <i<P. crispa</i< mats host an exceptional diversity of associated foraminifera that is even higher than those associated with seagrass meadows. Red algae mats built by <i<P. crispa</i< may thus be considered as potential refuge habitats and biodiversity reservoirs in management and conservation.
abstract_unstemmed	The Mediterranean Sea comprises habitats such as <i<Posidonia oceanica</i< seagrass meadows that exhibit high associated biodiversity of sessile organisms. Recent pilot research indicates that benthic mats formed by the scarcely investigated fleshy red alga <i<Phyllophora crispa</i< also host a high diversity of benthic fauna. Among the key taxa found in these mats in the recent pilot studies are benthic foraminifera that live as epiphytes on the red algae thalli. Knowledge about their abundance and species richness associated with this habitat in relation to reference habitats is missing. We thus carried out a comparative assessment focusing on foraminifera within samples from <i<P. crispa</i< mats and neighboring <i<P. oceanica</i< meadows on five different sampling sites around Giglio Island in the Tuscan Archipelago (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). A total of 104 different foraminiferal taxa were identified, of which a total of 85 taxa were found in <i<P. crispa</i< samples (46 exclusively in this habitat). This biodiversity was higher compared to other studies on phytal habitats in the Mediterranean Sea. The number of foraminiferal taxa associated with <i<P. crispa</i< was significantly higher (average 27.5 ± 8.1 taxa) compared to <i<P. oceanica</i< (leaves average 7.0 ± 3.6, shoots average 7.9 ± 3.4 taxa). The abundance of foraminifera (12,000 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< surface area of <i<P. crispa</i< mat) was also higher than in the neighboring <i<P. oceanica</i< meadows (7792 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< leaf and 8171 individuals m<sup<−2</sup< shoot surface area). The most frequently found taxa across habitats were <i<Miniacina miniacea</i<, <i<Lobatula lobatula</i<, and <i<Sejunctella</i< sp. (24%, 20%, and 6% of the total population, respectively). Our results imply that <i<P. crispa</i< mats host an exceptional diversity of associated foraminifera that is even higher than those associated with seagrass meadows. Red algae mats built by <i<P. crispa</i< may thus be considered as potential refuge habitats and biodiversity reservoirs in management and conservation.
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title_short	High Diversity and Abundance of Foraminifera Associated with Mediterranean Benthic Red Algae Mats
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