Comparing the formant frequencies of three Persian long vowels produced by cochlear-implanted and normal-hearing children
Introduction: The feedback provided by auditory apparatus equips normal hearing people with an important controlling mechanism over the speech production processes. The speech of hearing-impaired children is both perceptually and acoustically abnormal. This study tried to compare the formant frequen...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Narges Jafary [verfasserIn] Farhad Torabineghad [verfasserIn] Moharam Eslami [verfasserIn] Ali Ghorbani [verfasserIn] Shohreh Jalaei [verfasserIn] Jalal Sameni [verfasserIn] Elham Mahmoudi [verfasserIn] Mohammad Hossein Nilfroush [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
|---|---|
| Sprache: |
Persisch |
| Erschienen: |
2012 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: مجله پژوهش در علوم توانبخشی - Vesnu Publications, 2018, 8(2012), 6, Seite 1045-1053 |
|---|---|
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:8 ; year:2012 ; number:6 ; pages:1045-1053 |
| Links: |
Link aufrufen |
|---|
| DOI / URN: |
10.22122/jrrs.v8i6.724 |
|---|
| Katalog-ID: |
DOAJ033867623 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Comparing the formant frequencies of three Persian long vowels produced by cochlear-implanted and normal-hearing children |
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| 520 | |a Introduction: The feedback provided by auditory apparatus equips normal hearing people with an important controlling mechanism over the speech production processes. The speech of hearing-impaired children is both perceptually and acoustically abnormal. This study tried to compare the formant frequencies of three long vowels in Persian-speaking children who used cochlear implant and those who were of normal-hearing ability. Materials and Methods: 20 Cochlear-implanted (CI) children and 20 normal-hearing children with the age ranged from 5 to 10 years participated in this study. All participants were native speakers of Persian who were asked to produce prolonged vowels /i/, /u/ and /ɒ/. The averaged F1 and F2 were calculated for each examinee using Praat software (version 5.3.13). Independent t test was conducted to examine the possible differences thatF1 and F2 values and F2 to F1 ratios may have in the two groups. Results: Study results revealed a relative increase in the F1 mean values of all the three vowels produced by CI children. This difference was, however, significant only in the first formant of vowel /i/ (P = 0.011).The mean values of F2/F1 ratio for vowel /i/ showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.01). Conclusion: F1 formants are increased in cochlear-implant children. This condition might be due to a process in which the lack of auditory feedback is compensated by the proprioceptive feedback that is provided through the exaggerated articulation. The changes in F1 and F2 imply a reduced vowel space, in other words, vowel space is slightly centralized in CI children. Keywords: Acoustic analysis, Formant frequency, Cochlear implant, Natural speech, Persian | ||
| 653 | 0 | |a Medicine | |
| 653 | 0 | |a R | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Therapeutics. Pharmacology | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Farhad Torabineghad |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Moharam Eslami |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Ali Ghorbani |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Shohreh Jalaei |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Jalal Sameni |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Elham Mahmoudi |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Mohammad Hossein Nilfroush |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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10.22122/jrrs.v8i6.724 doi (DE-627)DOAJ033867623 (DE-599)DOAJb7d02b4fb4bc4c28876a417b60cbf110 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb per RM1-950 Narges Jafary verfasserin aut Comparing the formant frequencies of three Persian long vowels produced by cochlear-implanted and normal-hearing children 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Introduction: The feedback provided by auditory apparatus equips normal hearing people with an important controlling mechanism over the speech production processes. The speech of hearing-impaired children is both perceptually and acoustically abnormal. This study tried to compare the formant frequencies of three long vowels in Persian-speaking children who used cochlear implant and those who were of normal-hearing ability. Materials and Methods: 20 Cochlear-implanted (CI) children and 20 normal-hearing children with the age ranged from 5 to 10 years participated in this study. All participants were native speakers of Persian who were asked to produce prolonged vowels /i/, /u/ and /ɒ/. The averaged F1 and F2 were calculated for each examinee using Praat software (version 5.3.13). Independent t test was conducted to examine the possible differences thatF1 and F2 values and F2 to F1 ratios may have in the two groups. Results: Study results revealed a relative increase in the F1 mean values of all the three vowels produced by CI children. This difference was, however, significant only in the first formant of vowel /i/ (P = 0.011).The mean values of F2/F1 ratio for vowel /i/ showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.01). Conclusion: F1 formants are increased in cochlear-implant children. This condition might be due to a process in which the lack of auditory feedback is compensated by the proprioceptive feedback that is provided through the exaggerated articulation. The changes in F1 and F2 imply a reduced vowel space, in other words, vowel space is slightly centralized in CI children. Keywords: Acoustic analysis, Formant frequency, Cochlear implant, Natural speech, Persian Medicine R Therapeutics. Pharmacology Farhad Torabineghad verfasserin aut Moharam Eslami verfasserin aut Ali Ghorbani verfasserin aut Shohreh Jalaei verfasserin aut Jalal Sameni verfasserin aut Elham Mahmoudi verfasserin aut Mohammad Hossein Nilfroush verfasserin aut In مجله پژوهش در علوم توانبخشی Vesnu Publications, 2018 8(2012), 6, Seite 1045-1053 (DE-627)1760620114 20082606 nnns volume:8 year:2012 number:6 pages:1045-1053 https://doi.org/10.22122/jrrs.v8i6.724 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/b7d02b4fb4bc4c28876a417b60cbf110 kostenfrei http://jrrs.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrrs/article/view/724 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1735-7519 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2008-2606 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 8 2012 6 1045-1053 |
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10.22122/jrrs.v8i6.724 doi (DE-627)DOAJ033867623 (DE-599)DOAJb7d02b4fb4bc4c28876a417b60cbf110 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb per RM1-950 Narges Jafary verfasserin aut Comparing the formant frequencies of three Persian long vowels produced by cochlear-implanted and normal-hearing children 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Introduction: The feedback provided by auditory apparatus equips normal hearing people with an important controlling mechanism over the speech production processes. The speech of hearing-impaired children is both perceptually and acoustically abnormal. This study tried to compare the formant frequencies of three long vowels in Persian-speaking children who used cochlear implant and those who were of normal-hearing ability. Materials and Methods: 20 Cochlear-implanted (CI) children and 20 normal-hearing children with the age ranged from 5 to 10 years participated in this study. All participants were native speakers of Persian who were asked to produce prolonged vowels /i/, /u/ and /ɒ/. The averaged F1 and F2 were calculated for each examinee using Praat software (version 5.3.13). Independent t test was conducted to examine the possible differences thatF1 and F2 values and F2 to F1 ratios may have in the two groups. Results: Study results revealed a relative increase in the F1 mean values of all the three vowels produced by CI children. This difference was, however, significant only in the first formant of vowel /i/ (P = 0.011).The mean values of F2/F1 ratio for vowel /i/ showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.01). Conclusion: F1 formants are increased in cochlear-implant children. This condition might be due to a process in which the lack of auditory feedback is compensated by the proprioceptive feedback that is provided through the exaggerated articulation. The changes in F1 and F2 imply a reduced vowel space, in other words, vowel space is slightly centralized in CI children. Keywords: Acoustic analysis, Formant frequency, Cochlear implant, Natural speech, Persian Medicine R Therapeutics. Pharmacology Farhad Torabineghad verfasserin aut Moharam Eslami verfasserin aut Ali Ghorbani verfasserin aut Shohreh Jalaei verfasserin aut Jalal Sameni verfasserin aut Elham Mahmoudi verfasserin aut Mohammad Hossein Nilfroush verfasserin aut In مجله پژوهش در علوم توانبخشی Vesnu Publications, 2018 8(2012), 6, Seite 1045-1053 (DE-627)1760620114 20082606 nnns volume:8 year:2012 number:6 pages:1045-1053 https://doi.org/10.22122/jrrs.v8i6.724 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/b7d02b4fb4bc4c28876a417b60cbf110 kostenfrei http://jrrs.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrrs/article/view/724 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1735-7519 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2008-2606 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 8 2012 6 1045-1053 |
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10.22122/jrrs.v8i6.724 doi (DE-627)DOAJ033867623 (DE-599)DOAJb7d02b4fb4bc4c28876a417b60cbf110 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb per RM1-950 Narges Jafary verfasserin aut Comparing the formant frequencies of three Persian long vowels produced by cochlear-implanted and normal-hearing children 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Introduction: The feedback provided by auditory apparatus equips normal hearing people with an important controlling mechanism over the speech production processes. The speech of hearing-impaired children is both perceptually and acoustically abnormal. This study tried to compare the formant frequencies of three long vowels in Persian-speaking children who used cochlear implant and those who were of normal-hearing ability. Materials and Methods: 20 Cochlear-implanted (CI) children and 20 normal-hearing children with the age ranged from 5 to 10 years participated in this study. All participants were native speakers of Persian who were asked to produce prolonged vowels /i/, /u/ and /ɒ/. The averaged F1 and F2 were calculated for each examinee using Praat software (version 5.3.13). Independent t test was conducted to examine the possible differences thatF1 and F2 values and F2 to F1 ratios may have in the two groups. Results: Study results revealed a relative increase in the F1 mean values of all the three vowels produced by CI children. This difference was, however, significant only in the first formant of vowel /i/ (P = 0.011).The mean values of F2/F1 ratio for vowel /i/ showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.01). Conclusion: F1 formants are increased in cochlear-implant children. This condition might be due to a process in which the lack of auditory feedback is compensated by the proprioceptive feedback that is provided through the exaggerated articulation. The changes in F1 and F2 imply a reduced vowel space, in other words, vowel space is slightly centralized in CI children. Keywords: Acoustic analysis, Formant frequency, Cochlear implant, Natural speech, Persian Medicine R Therapeutics. Pharmacology Farhad Torabineghad verfasserin aut Moharam Eslami verfasserin aut Ali Ghorbani verfasserin aut Shohreh Jalaei verfasserin aut Jalal Sameni verfasserin aut Elham Mahmoudi verfasserin aut Mohammad Hossein Nilfroush verfasserin aut In مجله پژوهش در علوم توانبخشی Vesnu Publications, 2018 8(2012), 6, Seite 1045-1053 (DE-627)1760620114 20082606 nnns volume:8 year:2012 number:6 pages:1045-1053 https://doi.org/10.22122/jrrs.v8i6.724 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/b7d02b4fb4bc4c28876a417b60cbf110 kostenfrei http://jrrs.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrrs/article/view/724 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1735-7519 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2008-2606 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 8 2012 6 1045-1053 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.22122/jrrs.v8i6.724 doi (DE-627)DOAJ033867623 (DE-599)DOAJb7d02b4fb4bc4c28876a417b60cbf110 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb per RM1-950 Narges Jafary verfasserin aut Comparing the formant frequencies of three Persian long vowels produced by cochlear-implanted and normal-hearing children 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Introduction: The feedback provided by auditory apparatus equips normal hearing people with an important controlling mechanism over the speech production processes. The speech of hearing-impaired children is both perceptually and acoustically abnormal. This study tried to compare the formant frequencies of three long vowels in Persian-speaking children who used cochlear implant and those who were of normal-hearing ability. Materials and Methods: 20 Cochlear-implanted (CI) children and 20 normal-hearing children with the age ranged from 5 to 10 years participated in this study. All participants were native speakers of Persian who were asked to produce prolonged vowels /i/, /u/ and /ɒ/. The averaged F1 and F2 were calculated for each examinee using Praat software (version 5.3.13). Independent t test was conducted to examine the possible differences thatF1 and F2 values and F2 to F1 ratios may have in the two groups. Results: Study results revealed a relative increase in the F1 mean values of all the three vowels produced by CI children. This difference was, however, significant only in the first formant of vowel /i/ (P = 0.011).The mean values of F2/F1 ratio for vowel /i/ showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.01). Conclusion: F1 formants are increased in cochlear-implant children. This condition might be due to a process in which the lack of auditory feedback is compensated by the proprioceptive feedback that is provided through the exaggerated articulation. The changes in F1 and F2 imply a reduced vowel space, in other words, vowel space is slightly centralized in CI children. Keywords: Acoustic analysis, Formant frequency, Cochlear implant, Natural speech, Persian Medicine R Therapeutics. Pharmacology Farhad Torabineghad verfasserin aut Moharam Eslami verfasserin aut Ali Ghorbani verfasserin aut Shohreh Jalaei verfasserin aut Jalal Sameni verfasserin aut Elham Mahmoudi verfasserin aut Mohammad Hossein Nilfroush verfasserin aut In مجله پژوهش در علوم توانبخشی Vesnu Publications, 2018 8(2012), 6, Seite 1045-1053 (DE-627)1760620114 20082606 nnns volume:8 year:2012 number:6 pages:1045-1053 https://doi.org/10.22122/jrrs.v8i6.724 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/b7d02b4fb4bc4c28876a417b60cbf110 kostenfrei http://jrrs.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrrs/article/view/724 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1735-7519 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2008-2606 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 8 2012 6 1045-1053 |
| allfieldsSound |
10.22122/jrrs.v8i6.724 doi (DE-627)DOAJ033867623 (DE-599)DOAJb7d02b4fb4bc4c28876a417b60cbf110 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb per RM1-950 Narges Jafary verfasserin aut Comparing the formant frequencies of three Persian long vowels produced by cochlear-implanted and normal-hearing children 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Introduction: The feedback provided by auditory apparatus equips normal hearing people with an important controlling mechanism over the speech production processes. The speech of hearing-impaired children is both perceptually and acoustically abnormal. This study tried to compare the formant frequencies of three long vowels in Persian-speaking children who used cochlear implant and those who were of normal-hearing ability. Materials and Methods: 20 Cochlear-implanted (CI) children and 20 normal-hearing children with the age ranged from 5 to 10 years participated in this study. All participants were native speakers of Persian who were asked to produce prolonged vowels /i/, /u/ and /ɒ/. The averaged F1 and F2 were calculated for each examinee using Praat software (version 5.3.13). Independent t test was conducted to examine the possible differences thatF1 and F2 values and F2 to F1 ratios may have in the two groups. Results: Study results revealed a relative increase in the F1 mean values of all the three vowels produced by CI children. This difference was, however, significant only in the first formant of vowel /i/ (P = 0.011).The mean values of F2/F1 ratio for vowel /i/ showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.01). Conclusion: F1 formants are increased in cochlear-implant children. This condition might be due to a process in which the lack of auditory feedback is compensated by the proprioceptive feedback that is provided through the exaggerated articulation. The changes in F1 and F2 imply a reduced vowel space, in other words, vowel space is slightly centralized in CI children. Keywords: Acoustic analysis, Formant frequency, Cochlear implant, Natural speech, Persian Medicine R Therapeutics. Pharmacology Farhad Torabineghad verfasserin aut Moharam Eslami verfasserin aut Ali Ghorbani verfasserin aut Shohreh Jalaei verfasserin aut Jalal Sameni verfasserin aut Elham Mahmoudi verfasserin aut Mohammad Hossein Nilfroush verfasserin aut In مجله پژوهش در علوم توانبخشی Vesnu Publications, 2018 8(2012), 6, Seite 1045-1053 (DE-627)1760620114 20082606 nnns volume:8 year:2012 number:6 pages:1045-1053 https://doi.org/10.22122/jrrs.v8i6.724 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/b7d02b4fb4bc4c28876a417b60cbf110 kostenfrei http://jrrs.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrrs/article/view/724 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1735-7519 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2008-2606 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 8 2012 6 1045-1053 |
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The speech of hearing-impaired children is both perceptually and acoustically abnormal. This study tried to compare the formant frequencies of three long vowels in Persian-speaking children who used cochlear implant and those who were of normal-hearing ability. Materials and Methods: 20 Cochlear-implanted (CI) children and 20 normal-hearing children with the age ranged from 5 to 10 years participated in this study. All participants were native speakers of Persian who were asked to produce prolonged vowels /i/, /u/ and /ɒ/. The averaged F1 and F2 were calculated for each examinee using Praat software (version 5.3.13). Independent t test was conducted to examine the possible differences thatF1 and F2 values and F2 to F1 ratios may have in the two groups. Results: Study results revealed a relative increase in the F1 mean values of all the three vowels produced by CI children. This difference was, however, significant only in the first formant of vowel /i/ (P = 0.011).The mean values of F2/F1 ratio for vowel /i/ showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.01). Conclusion: F1 formants are increased in cochlear-implant children. This condition might be due to a process in which the lack of auditory feedback is compensated by the proprioceptive feedback that is provided through the exaggerated articulation. The changes in F1 and F2 imply a reduced vowel space, in other words, vowel space is slightly centralized in CI children. Keywords: Acoustic analysis, Formant frequency, Cochlear implant, Natural speech, Persian</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Medicine</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">R</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Therapeutics. 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Narges Jafary Farhad Torabineghad Moharam Eslami Ali Ghorbani Shohreh Jalaei Jalal Sameni Elham Mahmoudi Mohammad Hossein Nilfroush |
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comparing the formant frequencies of three persian long vowels produced by cochlear-implanted and normal-hearing children |
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Comparing the formant frequencies of three Persian long vowels produced by cochlear-implanted and normal-hearing children |
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Introduction: The feedback provided by auditory apparatus equips normal hearing people with an important controlling mechanism over the speech production processes. The speech of hearing-impaired children is both perceptually and acoustically abnormal. This study tried to compare the formant frequencies of three long vowels in Persian-speaking children who used cochlear implant and those who were of normal-hearing ability. Materials and Methods: 20 Cochlear-implanted (CI) children and 20 normal-hearing children with the age ranged from 5 to 10 years participated in this study. All participants were native speakers of Persian who were asked to produce prolonged vowels /i/, /u/ and /ɒ/. The averaged F1 and F2 were calculated for each examinee using Praat software (version 5.3.13). Independent t test was conducted to examine the possible differences thatF1 and F2 values and F2 to F1 ratios may have in the two groups. Results: Study results revealed a relative increase in the F1 mean values of all the three vowels produced by CI children. This difference was, however, significant only in the first formant of vowel /i/ (P = 0.011).The mean values of F2/F1 ratio for vowel /i/ showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.01). Conclusion: F1 formants are increased in cochlear-implant children. This condition might be due to a process in which the lack of auditory feedback is compensated by the proprioceptive feedback that is provided through the exaggerated articulation. The changes in F1 and F2 imply a reduced vowel space, in other words, vowel space is slightly centralized in CI children. Keywords: Acoustic analysis, Formant frequency, Cochlear implant, Natural speech, Persian |
| abstractGer |
Introduction: The feedback provided by auditory apparatus equips normal hearing people with an important controlling mechanism over the speech production processes. The speech of hearing-impaired children is both perceptually and acoustically abnormal. This study tried to compare the formant frequencies of three long vowels in Persian-speaking children who used cochlear implant and those who were of normal-hearing ability. Materials and Methods: 20 Cochlear-implanted (CI) children and 20 normal-hearing children with the age ranged from 5 to 10 years participated in this study. All participants were native speakers of Persian who were asked to produce prolonged vowels /i/, /u/ and /ɒ/. The averaged F1 and F2 were calculated for each examinee using Praat software (version 5.3.13). Independent t test was conducted to examine the possible differences thatF1 and F2 values and F2 to F1 ratios may have in the two groups. Results: Study results revealed a relative increase in the F1 mean values of all the three vowels produced by CI children. This difference was, however, significant only in the first formant of vowel /i/ (P = 0.011).The mean values of F2/F1 ratio for vowel /i/ showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.01). Conclusion: F1 formants are increased in cochlear-implant children. This condition might be due to a process in which the lack of auditory feedback is compensated by the proprioceptive feedback that is provided through the exaggerated articulation. The changes in F1 and F2 imply a reduced vowel space, in other words, vowel space is slightly centralized in CI children. Keywords: Acoustic analysis, Formant frequency, Cochlear implant, Natural speech, Persian |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Introduction: The feedback provided by auditory apparatus equips normal hearing people with an important controlling mechanism over the speech production processes. The speech of hearing-impaired children is both perceptually and acoustically abnormal. This study tried to compare the formant frequencies of three long vowels in Persian-speaking children who used cochlear implant and those who were of normal-hearing ability. Materials and Methods: 20 Cochlear-implanted (CI) children and 20 normal-hearing children with the age ranged from 5 to 10 years participated in this study. All participants were native speakers of Persian who were asked to produce prolonged vowels /i/, /u/ and /ɒ/. The averaged F1 and F2 were calculated for each examinee using Praat software (version 5.3.13). Independent t test was conducted to examine the possible differences thatF1 and F2 values and F2 to F1 ratios may have in the two groups. Results: Study results revealed a relative increase in the F1 mean values of all the three vowels produced by CI children. This difference was, however, significant only in the first formant of vowel /i/ (P = 0.011).The mean values of F2/F1 ratio for vowel /i/ showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.01). Conclusion: F1 formants are increased in cochlear-implant children. This condition might be due to a process in which the lack of auditory feedback is compensated by the proprioceptive feedback that is provided through the exaggerated articulation. The changes in F1 and F2 imply a reduced vowel space, in other words, vowel space is slightly centralized in CI children. Keywords: Acoustic analysis, Formant frequency, Cochlear implant, Natural speech, Persian |
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