Lightning Injury is a disaster in Bangladesh? - Exploring its magnitude and public health needs [version 1; referees: 3 approved, 1 approved with reservations]

Background: Lightning injury is a global public health issue. Low and middle-income countries in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world are most affected by lightning. Bangladesh is one of the countries at particular risk, with a high number of devastating lightning injuries in the past y...
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Autor*in:	Animesh Biswas [verfasserIn] Koustuv Dalal [verfasserIn] Jahangir Hossain [verfasserIn] Kamran Ul Baset [verfasserIn] Fazlur Rahman [verfasserIn] Saidur Rahman Mashreky [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2016

Schlagwörter:	Global Health Health Systems & Services Research

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: F1000Research - F1000 Research Ltd, 2013, 5(2016)
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:5 ; year:2016

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.12688/f1000research.9537.1

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ037602292

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allfields	10.12688/f1000research.9537.1 doi (DE-627)DOAJ037602292 (DE-599)DOAJ6af72be103504353a4db8c5be7d0cebc DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Animesh Biswas verfasserin aut Lightning Injury is a disaster in Bangladesh? - Exploring its magnitude and public health needs [version 1; referees: 3 approved, 1 approved with reservations] 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Lightning injury is a global public health issue. Low and middle-income countries in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world are most affected by lightning. Bangladesh is one of the countries at particular risk, with a high number of devastating lightning injuries in the past years, causing high mortality and morbidity. The exact magnitude of the problem is still unknown and therefore this study investigates the epidemiology of lightning injuries in Bangladesh, using a national representative sample. Methods: A mixed method was used. The study is based on results from a nationwide cross-sectional survey performed in 2003 in twelve randomly selected districts. In the survey, a total of 819,429 respondents from 171,336 households were interviewed using face-to-face interviews. In addition, qualitative information was obtained by reviewing national and international newspaper reports of lightning injuries sustained in Bangladesh between 13 and 15 May 2016. Results: The annual mortality rate was 3.661 (95% CI 0.9313–9.964) per 1,000,000 people. The overall incidence of lightning injury was 19.89/100,000 people. Among the victims, 60.12% (n=98) were males and 39.87% (n=65) were females. Males were particularly vulnerable, with a 1.46 times increased risk compared with females (RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.06–1.99). Rural populations were more vulnerable, with a 8.73 times higher risk, than urban populations (RR 8.73, 95% CI 5.13–14.86). About 43% of injuries occurred between 12 noon and 6 pm. The newspapers reported 81 deaths during 2 days of electric storms in 2016. Lightning has been declared a natural disaster in Bangladesh. Conclusions: The current study indicates that lightning injuries are a public health problem in Bangladesh. The study recommends further investigations to develop interventions to reduce lightning injuries, mortality and related burden in Bangladesh. Global Health Health Systems & Services Research Medicine R Science Q Koustuv Dalal verfasserin aut Jahangir Hossain verfasserin aut Kamran Ul Baset verfasserin aut Fazlur Rahman verfasserin aut Saidur Rahman Mashreky verfasserin aut In F1000Research F1000 Research Ltd, 2013 5(2016) (DE-627)735133581 (DE-600)2699932-8 20461402 nnns volume:5 year:2016 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.9537.1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6af72be103504353a4db8c5be7d0cebc kostenfrei https://f1000research.com/articles/5-2931/v1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2046-1402 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2016
spelling	10.12688/f1000research.9537.1 doi (DE-627)DOAJ037602292 (DE-599)DOAJ6af72be103504353a4db8c5be7d0cebc DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Animesh Biswas verfasserin aut Lightning Injury is a disaster in Bangladesh? - Exploring its magnitude and public health needs [version 1; referees: 3 approved, 1 approved with reservations] 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Lightning injury is a global public health issue. Low and middle-income countries in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world are most affected by lightning. Bangladesh is one of the countries at particular risk, with a high number of devastating lightning injuries in the past years, causing high mortality and morbidity. The exact magnitude of the problem is still unknown and therefore this study investigates the epidemiology of lightning injuries in Bangladesh, using a national representative sample. Methods: A mixed method was used. The study is based on results from a nationwide cross-sectional survey performed in 2003 in twelve randomly selected districts. In the survey, a total of 819,429 respondents from 171,336 households were interviewed using face-to-face interviews. In addition, qualitative information was obtained by reviewing national and international newspaper reports of lightning injuries sustained in Bangladesh between 13 and 15 May 2016. Results: The annual mortality rate was 3.661 (95% CI 0.9313–9.964) per 1,000,000 people. The overall incidence of lightning injury was 19.89/100,000 people. Among the victims, 60.12% (n=98) were males and 39.87% (n=65) were females. Males were particularly vulnerable, with a 1.46 times increased risk compared with females (RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.06–1.99). Rural populations were more vulnerable, with a 8.73 times higher risk, than urban populations (RR 8.73, 95% CI 5.13–14.86). About 43% of injuries occurred between 12 noon and 6 pm. The newspapers reported 81 deaths during 2 days of electric storms in 2016. Lightning has been declared a natural disaster in Bangladesh. Conclusions: The current study indicates that lightning injuries are a public health problem in Bangladesh. The study recommends further investigations to develop interventions to reduce lightning injuries, mortality and related burden in Bangladesh. Global Health Health Systems & Services Research Medicine R Science Q Koustuv Dalal verfasserin aut Jahangir Hossain verfasserin aut Kamran Ul Baset verfasserin aut Fazlur Rahman verfasserin aut Saidur Rahman Mashreky verfasserin aut In F1000Research F1000 Research Ltd, 2013 5(2016) (DE-627)735133581 (DE-600)2699932-8 20461402 nnns volume:5 year:2016 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.9537.1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6af72be103504353a4db8c5be7d0cebc kostenfrei https://f1000research.com/articles/5-2931/v1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2046-1402 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2016
allfields_unstemmed	10.12688/f1000research.9537.1 doi (DE-627)DOAJ037602292 (DE-599)DOAJ6af72be103504353a4db8c5be7d0cebc DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Animesh Biswas verfasserin aut Lightning Injury is a disaster in Bangladesh? - Exploring its magnitude and public health needs [version 1; referees: 3 approved, 1 approved with reservations] 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Lightning injury is a global public health issue. Low and middle-income countries in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world are most affected by lightning. Bangladesh is one of the countries at particular risk, with a high number of devastating lightning injuries in the past years, causing high mortality and morbidity. The exact magnitude of the problem is still unknown and therefore this study investigates the epidemiology of lightning injuries in Bangladesh, using a national representative sample. Methods: A mixed method was used. The study is based on results from a nationwide cross-sectional survey performed in 2003 in twelve randomly selected districts. In the survey, a total of 819,429 respondents from 171,336 households were interviewed using face-to-face interviews. In addition, qualitative information was obtained by reviewing national and international newspaper reports of lightning injuries sustained in Bangladesh between 13 and 15 May 2016. Results: The annual mortality rate was 3.661 (95% CI 0.9313–9.964) per 1,000,000 people. The overall incidence of lightning injury was 19.89/100,000 people. Among the victims, 60.12% (n=98) were males and 39.87% (n=65) were females. Males were particularly vulnerable, with a 1.46 times increased risk compared with females (RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.06–1.99). Rural populations were more vulnerable, with a 8.73 times higher risk, than urban populations (RR 8.73, 95% CI 5.13–14.86). About 43% of injuries occurred between 12 noon and 6 pm. The newspapers reported 81 deaths during 2 days of electric storms in 2016. Lightning has been declared a natural disaster in Bangladesh. Conclusions: The current study indicates that lightning injuries are a public health problem in Bangladesh. The study recommends further investigations to develop interventions to reduce lightning injuries, mortality and related burden in Bangladesh. Global Health Health Systems & Services Research Medicine R Science Q Koustuv Dalal verfasserin aut Jahangir Hossain verfasserin aut Kamran Ul Baset verfasserin aut Fazlur Rahman verfasserin aut Saidur Rahman Mashreky verfasserin aut In F1000Research F1000 Research Ltd, 2013 5(2016) (DE-627)735133581 (DE-600)2699932-8 20461402 nnns volume:5 year:2016 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.9537.1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6af72be103504353a4db8c5be7d0cebc kostenfrei https://f1000research.com/articles/5-2931/v1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2046-1402 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2016
allfieldsGer	10.12688/f1000research.9537.1 doi (DE-627)DOAJ037602292 (DE-599)DOAJ6af72be103504353a4db8c5be7d0cebc DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Animesh Biswas verfasserin aut Lightning Injury is a disaster in Bangladesh? - Exploring its magnitude and public health needs [version 1; referees: 3 approved, 1 approved with reservations] 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Lightning injury is a global public health issue. Low and middle-income countries in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world are most affected by lightning. Bangladesh is one of the countries at particular risk, with a high number of devastating lightning injuries in the past years, causing high mortality and morbidity. The exact magnitude of the problem is still unknown and therefore this study investigates the epidemiology of lightning injuries in Bangladesh, using a national representative sample. Methods: A mixed method was used. The study is based on results from a nationwide cross-sectional survey performed in 2003 in twelve randomly selected districts. In the survey, a total of 819,429 respondents from 171,336 households were interviewed using face-to-face interviews. In addition, qualitative information was obtained by reviewing national and international newspaper reports of lightning injuries sustained in Bangladesh between 13 and 15 May 2016. Results: The annual mortality rate was 3.661 (95% CI 0.9313–9.964) per 1,000,000 people. The overall incidence of lightning injury was 19.89/100,000 people. Among the victims, 60.12% (n=98) were males and 39.87% (n=65) were females. Males were particularly vulnerable, with a 1.46 times increased risk compared with females (RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.06–1.99). Rural populations were more vulnerable, with a 8.73 times higher risk, than urban populations (RR 8.73, 95% CI 5.13–14.86). About 43% of injuries occurred between 12 noon and 6 pm. The newspapers reported 81 deaths during 2 days of electric storms in 2016. Lightning has been declared a natural disaster in Bangladesh. Conclusions: The current study indicates that lightning injuries are a public health problem in Bangladesh. The study recommends further investigations to develop interventions to reduce lightning injuries, mortality and related burden in Bangladesh. Global Health Health Systems & Services Research Medicine R Science Q Koustuv Dalal verfasserin aut Jahangir Hossain verfasserin aut Kamran Ul Baset verfasserin aut Fazlur Rahman verfasserin aut Saidur Rahman Mashreky verfasserin aut In F1000Research F1000 Research Ltd, 2013 5(2016) (DE-627)735133581 (DE-600)2699932-8 20461402 nnns volume:5 year:2016 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.9537.1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6af72be103504353a4db8c5be7d0cebc kostenfrei https://f1000research.com/articles/5-2931/v1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2046-1402 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2016
allfieldsSound	10.12688/f1000research.9537.1 doi (DE-627)DOAJ037602292 (DE-599)DOAJ6af72be103504353a4db8c5be7d0cebc DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Animesh Biswas verfasserin aut Lightning Injury is a disaster in Bangladesh? - Exploring its magnitude and public health needs [version 1; referees: 3 approved, 1 approved with reservations] 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Lightning injury is a global public health issue. Low and middle-income countries in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world are most affected by lightning. Bangladesh is one of the countries at particular risk, with a high number of devastating lightning injuries in the past years, causing high mortality and morbidity. The exact magnitude of the problem is still unknown and therefore this study investigates the epidemiology of lightning injuries in Bangladesh, using a national representative sample. Methods: A mixed method was used. The study is based on results from a nationwide cross-sectional survey performed in 2003 in twelve randomly selected districts. In the survey, a total of 819,429 respondents from 171,336 households were interviewed using face-to-face interviews. In addition, qualitative information was obtained by reviewing national and international newspaper reports of lightning injuries sustained in Bangladesh between 13 and 15 May 2016. Results: The annual mortality rate was 3.661 (95% CI 0.9313–9.964) per 1,000,000 people. The overall incidence of lightning injury was 19.89/100,000 people. Among the victims, 60.12% (n=98) were males and 39.87% (n=65) were females. Males were particularly vulnerable, with a 1.46 times increased risk compared with females (RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.06–1.99). Rural populations were more vulnerable, with a 8.73 times higher risk, than urban populations (RR 8.73, 95% CI 5.13–14.86). About 43% of injuries occurred between 12 noon and 6 pm. The newspapers reported 81 deaths during 2 days of electric storms in 2016. Lightning has been declared a natural disaster in Bangladesh. Conclusions: The current study indicates that lightning injuries are a public health problem in Bangladesh. The study recommends further investigations to develop interventions to reduce lightning injuries, mortality and related burden in Bangladesh. Global Health Health Systems & Services Research Medicine R Science Q Koustuv Dalal verfasserin aut Jahangir Hossain verfasserin aut Kamran Ul Baset verfasserin aut Fazlur Rahman verfasserin aut Saidur Rahman Mashreky verfasserin aut In F1000Research F1000 Research Ltd, 2013 5(2016) (DE-627)735133581 (DE-600)2699932-8 20461402 nnns volume:5 year:2016 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.9537.1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6af72be103504353a4db8c5be7d0cebc kostenfrei https://f1000research.com/articles/5-2931/v1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2046-1402 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2016
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Low and middle-income countries in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world are most affected by lightning. Bangladesh is one of the countries at particular risk, with a high number of devastating lightning injuries in the past years, causing high mortality and morbidity. The exact magnitude of the problem is still unknown and therefore this study investigates the epidemiology of lightning injuries in Bangladesh, using a national representative sample. Methods: A mixed method was used. The study is based on results from a nationwide cross-sectional survey performed in 2003 in twelve randomly selected districts. In the survey, a total of 819,429 respondents from 171,336 households were interviewed using face-to-face interviews. In addition, qualitative information was obtained by reviewing national and international newspaper reports of lightning injuries sustained in Bangladesh between 13 and 15 May 2016. Results: The annual mortality rate was 3.661 (95% CI 0.9313–9.964) per 1,000,000 people. The overall incidence of lightning injury was 19.89/100,000 people. Among the victims, 60.12% (n=98) were males and 39.87% (n=65) were females. Males were particularly vulnerable, with a 1.46 times increased risk compared with females (RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.06–1.99). Rural populations were more vulnerable, with a 8.73 times higher risk, than urban populations (RR 8.73, 95% CI 5.13–14.86). About 43% of injuries occurred between 12 noon and 6 pm. The newspapers reported 81 deaths during 2 days of electric storms in 2016. Lightning has been declared a natural disaster in Bangladesh. Conclusions: The current study indicates that lightning injuries are a public health problem in Bangladesh. 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author	Animesh Biswas
spellingShingle	Animesh Biswas misc Global Health misc Health Systems & Services Research misc Medicine misc R misc Science misc Q Lightning Injury is a disaster in Bangladesh? - Exploring its magnitude and public health needs [version 1; referees: 3 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
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topic_title	Lightning Injury is a disaster in Bangladesh? - Exploring its magnitude and public health needs [version 1; referees: 3 approved, 1 approved with reservations] Global Health Health Systems & Services Research
topic	misc Global Health misc Health Systems & Services Research misc Medicine misc R misc Science misc Q
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title	Lightning Injury is a disaster in Bangladesh? - Exploring its magnitude and public health needs [version 1; referees: 3 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
ctrlnum	(DE-627)DOAJ037602292 (DE-599)DOAJ6af72be103504353a4db8c5be7d0cebc
title_full	Lightning Injury is a disaster in Bangladesh? - Exploring its magnitude and public health needs [version 1; referees: 3 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
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author_browse	Animesh Biswas Koustuv Dalal Jahangir Hossain Kamran Ul Baset Fazlur Rahman Saidur Rahman Mashreky
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doi_str_mv	10.12688/f1000research.9537.1
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title_sort	lightning injury is a disaster in bangladesh? - exploring its magnitude and public health needs [version 1; referees: 3 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
title_auth	Lightning Injury is a disaster in Bangladesh? - Exploring its magnitude and public health needs [version 1; referees: 3 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
abstract	Background: Lightning injury is a global public health issue. Low and middle-income countries in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world are most affected by lightning. Bangladesh is one of the countries at particular risk, with a high number of devastating lightning injuries in the past years, causing high mortality and morbidity. The exact magnitude of the problem is still unknown and therefore this study investigates the epidemiology of lightning injuries in Bangladesh, using a national representative sample. Methods: A mixed method was used. The study is based on results from a nationwide cross-sectional survey performed in 2003 in twelve randomly selected districts. In the survey, a total of 819,429 respondents from 171,336 households were interviewed using face-to-face interviews. In addition, qualitative information was obtained by reviewing national and international newspaper reports of lightning injuries sustained in Bangladesh between 13 and 15 May 2016. Results: The annual mortality rate was 3.661 (95% CI 0.9313–9.964) per 1,000,000 people. The overall incidence of lightning injury was 19.89/100,000 people. Among the victims, 60.12% (n=98) were males and 39.87% (n=65) were females. Males were particularly vulnerable, with a 1.46 times increased risk compared with females (RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.06–1.99). Rural populations were more vulnerable, with a 8.73 times higher risk, than urban populations (RR 8.73, 95% CI 5.13–14.86). About 43% of injuries occurred between 12 noon and 6 pm. The newspapers reported 81 deaths during 2 days of electric storms in 2016. Lightning has been declared a natural disaster in Bangladesh. Conclusions: The current study indicates that lightning injuries are a public health problem in Bangladesh. The study recommends further investigations to develop interventions to reduce lightning injuries, mortality and related burden in Bangladesh.
abstractGer	Background: Lightning injury is a global public health issue. Low and middle-income countries in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world are most affected by lightning. Bangladesh is one of the countries at particular risk, with a high number of devastating lightning injuries in the past years, causing high mortality and morbidity. The exact magnitude of the problem is still unknown and therefore this study investigates the epidemiology of lightning injuries in Bangladesh, using a national representative sample. Methods: A mixed method was used. The study is based on results from a nationwide cross-sectional survey performed in 2003 in twelve randomly selected districts. In the survey, a total of 819,429 respondents from 171,336 households were interviewed using face-to-face interviews. In addition, qualitative information was obtained by reviewing national and international newspaper reports of lightning injuries sustained in Bangladesh between 13 and 15 May 2016. Results: The annual mortality rate was 3.661 (95% CI 0.9313–9.964) per 1,000,000 people. The overall incidence of lightning injury was 19.89/100,000 people. Among the victims, 60.12% (n=98) were males and 39.87% (n=65) were females. Males were particularly vulnerable, with a 1.46 times increased risk compared with females (RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.06–1.99). Rural populations were more vulnerable, with a 8.73 times higher risk, than urban populations (RR 8.73, 95% CI 5.13–14.86). About 43% of injuries occurred between 12 noon and 6 pm. The newspapers reported 81 deaths during 2 days of electric storms in 2016. Lightning has been declared a natural disaster in Bangladesh. Conclusions: The current study indicates that lightning injuries are a public health problem in Bangladesh. The study recommends further investigations to develop interventions to reduce lightning injuries, mortality and related burden in Bangladesh.
abstract_unstemmed	Background: Lightning injury is a global public health issue. Low and middle-income countries in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world are most affected by lightning. Bangladesh is one of the countries at particular risk, with a high number of devastating lightning injuries in the past years, causing high mortality and morbidity. The exact magnitude of the problem is still unknown and therefore this study investigates the epidemiology of lightning injuries in Bangladesh, using a national representative sample. Methods: A mixed method was used. The study is based on results from a nationwide cross-sectional survey performed in 2003 in twelve randomly selected districts. In the survey, a total of 819,429 respondents from 171,336 households were interviewed using face-to-face interviews. In addition, qualitative information was obtained by reviewing national and international newspaper reports of lightning injuries sustained in Bangladesh between 13 and 15 May 2016. Results: The annual mortality rate was 3.661 (95% CI 0.9313–9.964) per 1,000,000 people. The overall incidence of lightning injury was 19.89/100,000 people. Among the victims, 60.12% (n=98) were males and 39.87% (n=65) were females. Males were particularly vulnerable, with a 1.46 times increased risk compared with females (RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.06–1.99). Rural populations were more vulnerable, with a 8.73 times higher risk, than urban populations (RR 8.73, 95% CI 5.13–14.86). About 43% of injuries occurred between 12 noon and 6 pm. The newspapers reported 81 deaths during 2 days of electric storms in 2016. Lightning has been declared a natural disaster in Bangladesh. Conclusions: The current study indicates that lightning injuries are a public health problem in Bangladesh. The study recommends further investigations to develop interventions to reduce lightning injuries, mortality and related burden in Bangladesh.
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title_short	Lightning Injury is a disaster in Bangladesh? - Exploring its magnitude and public health needs [version 1; referees: 3 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
url	https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.9537.1 https://doaj.org/article/6af72be103504353a4db8c5be7d0cebc https://f1000research.com/articles/5-2931/v1 https://doaj.org/toc/2046-1402
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Lightning Injury is a disaster in Bangladesh? - Exploring its magnitude and public health needs [version 1; referees: 3 approved, 1 approved with reservations]

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