Targeting Immune Checkpoint Molecules to Eliminate Latent HIV

The advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has seen a dramatic decrease in the morbidity and mortality of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, ART is not curative and HIV persists in treated individuals within a pool of infected CD4+ memory T cells. The targeting an...
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Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Zoe Boyer [verfasserIn] Sarah Palmer [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2018

Schlagwörter:	memory T cells T cell exhaustion immune checkpoint molecules PD-1 CTLA-4 latent HIV reservoir

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Frontiers in Immunology - Frontiers Media S.A., 2011, 9(2018)
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:9 ; year:2018

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3389/fimmu.2018.02339

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ038734052

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allfields	10.3389/fimmu.2018.02339 doi (DE-627)DOAJ038734052 (DE-599)DOAJf279117be46946a3a017ce604b791925 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC581-607 Zoe Boyer verfasserin aut Targeting Immune Checkpoint Molecules to Eliminate Latent HIV 2018 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has seen a dramatic decrease in the morbidity and mortality of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, ART is not curative and HIV persists in treated individuals within a pool of infected CD4+ memory T cells. The targeting and elimination of these cells, termed the latent HIV reservoir, may be essential in establishing a cure for HIV. Current HIV reservoir research is focused on identifying cells that harbor latent, replication-competent, HIV provirus using specific cell surface markers. Recently, studies have turned to immune checkpoint (IC) molecules, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). IC molecules are regulators of the immune system and have previously been linked to HIV infection. Furthermore, cells isolated from treated individuals co-expressing PD-1 alongside other IC molecules are enriched for HIV DNA. Administration of a IC blocking antibodies resulted in an increase of cell-associated HIV RNA within an individual, indicating the potential for this therapeutic to be utilized as a latency reversing agent. IC inhibitors could target CD4+ T cells expressing IC molecules and possibly enhance HIV transcription, allowing for the elimination of these cells by either ART or the immune system. However, treatment with IC inhibitors has been associated with toxicities such as immune-related adverse events and therefore future studies should proceed with caution. memory T cells T cell exhaustion immune checkpoint molecules PD-1 CTLA-4 latent HIV reservoir Immunologic diseases. Allergy Sarah Palmer verfasserin aut Sarah Palmer verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Immunology Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 9(2018) (DE-627)657998354 (DE-600)2606827-8 16643224 nnns volume:9 year:2018 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02339 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/f279117be46946a3a017ce604b791925 kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02339/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 9 2018
spelling	10.3389/fimmu.2018.02339 doi (DE-627)DOAJ038734052 (DE-599)DOAJf279117be46946a3a017ce604b791925 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC581-607 Zoe Boyer verfasserin aut Targeting Immune Checkpoint Molecules to Eliminate Latent HIV 2018 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has seen a dramatic decrease in the morbidity and mortality of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, ART is not curative and HIV persists in treated individuals within a pool of infected CD4+ memory T cells. The targeting and elimination of these cells, termed the latent HIV reservoir, may be essential in establishing a cure for HIV. Current HIV reservoir research is focused on identifying cells that harbor latent, replication-competent, HIV provirus using specific cell surface markers. Recently, studies have turned to immune checkpoint (IC) molecules, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). IC molecules are regulators of the immune system and have previously been linked to HIV infection. Furthermore, cells isolated from treated individuals co-expressing PD-1 alongside other IC molecules are enriched for HIV DNA. Administration of a IC blocking antibodies resulted in an increase of cell-associated HIV RNA within an individual, indicating the potential for this therapeutic to be utilized as a latency reversing agent. IC inhibitors could target CD4+ T cells expressing IC molecules and possibly enhance HIV transcription, allowing for the elimination of these cells by either ART or the immune system. However, treatment with IC inhibitors has been associated with toxicities such as immune-related adverse events and therefore future studies should proceed with caution. memory T cells T cell exhaustion immune checkpoint molecules PD-1 CTLA-4 latent HIV reservoir Immunologic diseases. Allergy Sarah Palmer verfasserin aut Sarah Palmer verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Immunology Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 9(2018) (DE-627)657998354 (DE-600)2606827-8 16643224 nnns volume:9 year:2018 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02339 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/f279117be46946a3a017ce604b791925 kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02339/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 9 2018
allfields_unstemmed	10.3389/fimmu.2018.02339 doi (DE-627)DOAJ038734052 (DE-599)DOAJf279117be46946a3a017ce604b791925 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC581-607 Zoe Boyer verfasserin aut Targeting Immune Checkpoint Molecules to Eliminate Latent HIV 2018 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has seen a dramatic decrease in the morbidity and mortality of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, ART is not curative and HIV persists in treated individuals within a pool of infected CD4+ memory T cells. The targeting and elimination of these cells, termed the latent HIV reservoir, may be essential in establishing a cure for HIV. Current HIV reservoir research is focused on identifying cells that harbor latent, replication-competent, HIV provirus using specific cell surface markers. Recently, studies have turned to immune checkpoint (IC) molecules, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). IC molecules are regulators of the immune system and have previously been linked to HIV infection. Furthermore, cells isolated from treated individuals co-expressing PD-1 alongside other IC molecules are enriched for HIV DNA. Administration of a IC blocking antibodies resulted in an increase of cell-associated HIV RNA within an individual, indicating the potential for this therapeutic to be utilized as a latency reversing agent. IC inhibitors could target CD4+ T cells expressing IC molecules and possibly enhance HIV transcription, allowing for the elimination of these cells by either ART or the immune system. However, treatment with IC inhibitors has been associated with toxicities such as immune-related adverse events and therefore future studies should proceed with caution. memory T cells T cell exhaustion immune checkpoint molecules PD-1 CTLA-4 latent HIV reservoir Immunologic diseases. Allergy Sarah Palmer verfasserin aut Sarah Palmer verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Immunology Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 9(2018) (DE-627)657998354 (DE-600)2606827-8 16643224 nnns volume:9 year:2018 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02339 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/f279117be46946a3a017ce604b791925 kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02339/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 9 2018
allfieldsGer	10.3389/fimmu.2018.02339 doi (DE-627)DOAJ038734052 (DE-599)DOAJf279117be46946a3a017ce604b791925 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC581-607 Zoe Boyer verfasserin aut Targeting Immune Checkpoint Molecules to Eliminate Latent HIV 2018 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has seen a dramatic decrease in the morbidity and mortality of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, ART is not curative and HIV persists in treated individuals within a pool of infected CD4+ memory T cells. The targeting and elimination of these cells, termed the latent HIV reservoir, may be essential in establishing a cure for HIV. Current HIV reservoir research is focused on identifying cells that harbor latent, replication-competent, HIV provirus using specific cell surface markers. Recently, studies have turned to immune checkpoint (IC) molecules, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). IC molecules are regulators of the immune system and have previously been linked to HIV infection. Furthermore, cells isolated from treated individuals co-expressing PD-1 alongside other IC molecules are enriched for HIV DNA. Administration of a IC blocking antibodies resulted in an increase of cell-associated HIV RNA within an individual, indicating the potential for this therapeutic to be utilized as a latency reversing agent. IC inhibitors could target CD4+ T cells expressing IC molecules and possibly enhance HIV transcription, allowing for the elimination of these cells by either ART or the immune system. However, treatment with IC inhibitors has been associated with toxicities such as immune-related adverse events and therefore future studies should proceed with caution. memory T cells T cell exhaustion immune checkpoint molecules PD-1 CTLA-4 latent HIV reservoir Immunologic diseases. Allergy Sarah Palmer verfasserin aut Sarah Palmer verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Immunology Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 9(2018) (DE-627)657998354 (DE-600)2606827-8 16643224 nnns volume:9 year:2018 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02339 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/f279117be46946a3a017ce604b791925 kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02339/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 9 2018
allfieldsSound	10.3389/fimmu.2018.02339 doi (DE-627)DOAJ038734052 (DE-599)DOAJf279117be46946a3a017ce604b791925 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC581-607 Zoe Boyer verfasserin aut Targeting Immune Checkpoint Molecules to Eliminate Latent HIV 2018 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has seen a dramatic decrease in the morbidity and mortality of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, ART is not curative and HIV persists in treated individuals within a pool of infected CD4+ memory T cells. The targeting and elimination of these cells, termed the latent HIV reservoir, may be essential in establishing a cure for HIV. Current HIV reservoir research is focused on identifying cells that harbor latent, replication-competent, HIV provirus using specific cell surface markers. Recently, studies have turned to immune checkpoint (IC) molecules, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). IC molecules are regulators of the immune system and have previously been linked to HIV infection. Furthermore, cells isolated from treated individuals co-expressing PD-1 alongside other IC molecules are enriched for HIV DNA. Administration of a IC blocking antibodies resulted in an increase of cell-associated HIV RNA within an individual, indicating the potential for this therapeutic to be utilized as a latency reversing agent. IC inhibitors could target CD4+ T cells expressing IC molecules and possibly enhance HIV transcription, allowing for the elimination of these cells by either ART or the immune system. However, treatment with IC inhibitors has been associated with toxicities such as immune-related adverse events and therefore future studies should proceed with caution. memory T cells T cell exhaustion immune checkpoint molecules PD-1 CTLA-4 latent HIV reservoir Immunologic diseases. Allergy Sarah Palmer verfasserin aut Sarah Palmer verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Immunology Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 9(2018) (DE-627)657998354 (DE-600)2606827-8 16643224 nnns volume:9 year:2018 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02339 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/f279117be46946a3a017ce604b791925 kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02339/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 9 2018
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topic_facet	memory T cells T cell exhaustion immune checkpoint molecules PD-1 CTLA-4 latent HIV reservoir Immunologic diseases. Allergy
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container_title	Frontiers in Immunology
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Zoe Boyer @@aut@@ Sarah Palmer @@aut@@
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callnumber-first	R - Medicine
author	Zoe Boyer
spellingShingle	Zoe Boyer misc RC581-607 misc memory T cells misc T cell exhaustion misc immune checkpoint molecules misc PD-1 misc CTLA-4 misc latent HIV reservoir misc Immunologic diseases. Allergy Targeting Immune Checkpoint Molecules to Eliminate Latent HIV
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topic_title	RC581-607 Targeting Immune Checkpoint Molecules to Eliminate Latent HIV memory T cells T cell exhaustion immune checkpoint molecules PD-1 CTLA-4 latent HIV reservoir
topic	misc RC581-607 misc memory T cells misc T cell exhaustion misc immune checkpoint molecules misc PD-1 misc CTLA-4 misc latent HIV reservoir misc Immunologic diseases. Allergy
topic_unstemmed	misc RC581-607 misc memory T cells misc T cell exhaustion misc immune checkpoint molecules misc PD-1 misc CTLA-4 misc latent HIV reservoir misc Immunologic diseases. Allergy
topic_browse	misc RC581-607 misc memory T cells misc T cell exhaustion misc immune checkpoint molecules misc PD-1 misc CTLA-4 misc latent HIV reservoir misc Immunologic diseases. Allergy
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title	Targeting Immune Checkpoint Molecules to Eliminate Latent HIV
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title_auth	Targeting Immune Checkpoint Molecules to Eliminate Latent HIV
abstract	The advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has seen a dramatic decrease in the morbidity and mortality of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, ART is not curative and HIV persists in treated individuals within a pool of infected CD4+ memory T cells. The targeting and elimination of these cells, termed the latent HIV reservoir, may be essential in establishing a cure for HIV. Current HIV reservoir research is focused on identifying cells that harbor latent, replication-competent, HIV provirus using specific cell surface markers. Recently, studies have turned to immune checkpoint (IC) molecules, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). IC molecules are regulators of the immune system and have previously been linked to HIV infection. Furthermore, cells isolated from treated individuals co-expressing PD-1 alongside other IC molecules are enriched for HIV DNA. Administration of a IC blocking antibodies resulted in an increase of cell-associated HIV RNA within an individual, indicating the potential for this therapeutic to be utilized as a latency reversing agent. IC inhibitors could target CD4+ T cells expressing IC molecules and possibly enhance HIV transcription, allowing for the elimination of these cells by either ART or the immune system. However, treatment with IC inhibitors has been associated with toxicities such as immune-related adverse events and therefore future studies should proceed with caution.
abstractGer	The advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has seen a dramatic decrease in the morbidity and mortality of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, ART is not curative and HIV persists in treated individuals within a pool of infected CD4+ memory T cells. The targeting and elimination of these cells, termed the latent HIV reservoir, may be essential in establishing a cure for HIV. Current HIV reservoir research is focused on identifying cells that harbor latent, replication-competent, HIV provirus using specific cell surface markers. Recently, studies have turned to immune checkpoint (IC) molecules, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). IC molecules are regulators of the immune system and have previously been linked to HIV infection. Furthermore, cells isolated from treated individuals co-expressing PD-1 alongside other IC molecules are enriched for HIV DNA. Administration of a IC blocking antibodies resulted in an increase of cell-associated HIV RNA within an individual, indicating the potential for this therapeutic to be utilized as a latency reversing agent. IC inhibitors could target CD4+ T cells expressing IC molecules and possibly enhance HIV transcription, allowing for the elimination of these cells by either ART or the immune system. However, treatment with IC inhibitors has been associated with toxicities such as immune-related adverse events and therefore future studies should proceed with caution.
abstract_unstemmed	The advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has seen a dramatic decrease in the morbidity and mortality of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, ART is not curative and HIV persists in treated individuals within a pool of infected CD4+ memory T cells. The targeting and elimination of these cells, termed the latent HIV reservoir, may be essential in establishing a cure for HIV. Current HIV reservoir research is focused on identifying cells that harbor latent, replication-competent, HIV provirus using specific cell surface markers. Recently, studies have turned to immune checkpoint (IC) molecules, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). IC molecules are regulators of the immune system and have previously been linked to HIV infection. Furthermore, cells isolated from treated individuals co-expressing PD-1 alongside other IC molecules are enriched for HIV DNA. Administration of a IC blocking antibodies resulted in an increase of cell-associated HIV RNA within an individual, indicating the potential for this therapeutic to be utilized as a latency reversing agent. IC inhibitors could target CD4+ T cells expressing IC molecules and possibly enhance HIV transcription, allowing for the elimination of these cells by either ART or the immune system. However, treatment with IC inhibitors has been associated with toxicities such as immune-related adverse events and therefore future studies should proceed with caution.
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title_short	Targeting Immune Checkpoint Molecules to Eliminate Latent HIV
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