Calculation of the Equivalent Dose of the First and the Most Important Secondary Particles in Brain Proton Therapy by Monte Carlo Simulation

<strong<<em<Introduction:</em<</strong< Due to nuclear interactions between the tissues and high-energy protons, the particles, including neutrons, positrons, and photons arise during proton therapy. This study aimed at investigating the dose distribution of proton and second...
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Autor*in:	Nasim Alsadat Mousavi [verfasserIn] Alireza Karimian [verfasserIn] mohammadhassan alamatsaz [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2019

Schlagwörter:	brain tumor Monte Carlo Method Proton Therapy

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Iranian Journal of Medical Physics - Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 2016, 16(2019), 5, Seite 341-348
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:16 ; year:2019 ; number:5 ; pages:341-348

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.22038/ijmp.2019.32424.1386

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ041305760

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520			\|a <strong<<em<Introduction:</em<</strong< Due to nuclear interactions between the tissues and high-energy protons, the particles, including neutrons, positrons, and photons arise during proton therapy. This study aimed at investigating the dose distribution of proton and secondary particles, such as positrons, neutrons, and photons using the Monte Carlo method. <strong<<em<Material and Methods:</em<</strong< In this study, a beam of protons was utilized with the energies of 160 and 190 MeV, which are more popular for brain tumor treatment. This beam irradiated the brain phantom after passing through proton therapy nozzle components. This phantom has a tumor with a radius of 3 cm in its centre. The most important parts of the nozzle include magnetic wobbler, scatterer, ridge filter, and collimator. <strong<<em<Results:</em<</strong< The results show that while using protons with the energy values of 190 and 160 MeV, the equivalent dose fractions in tumor, brain, skull, and skin to the total equivalent dose in the head are 61.8 (62.4%), 10.4(10.9%), 6.07(3.69%), and 21.7(23%), respectively, regarding the primary and secondary particles. <strong<<em<Conclusion: </em<</strong<According to the obtained results, in spite of the fact that most of the equivalent dose was inside the tumor volume, the skin of head has received the noticeable dose during proton therapy of brain which needs more concern.
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allfields	10.22038/ijmp.2019.32424.1386 doi (DE-627)DOAJ041305760 (DE-599)DOAJ05f18b6868fd46e3ab4239a057e73a1c DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng R895-920 Nasim Alsadat Mousavi verfasserin aut Calculation of the Equivalent Dose of the First and the Most Important Secondary Particles in Brain Proton Therapy by Monte Carlo Simulation 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <strong<<em<Introduction:</em<</strong< Due to nuclear interactions between the tissues and high-energy protons, the particles, including neutrons, positrons, and photons arise during proton therapy. This study aimed at investigating the dose distribution of proton and secondary particles, such as positrons, neutrons, and photons using the Monte Carlo method. <strong<<em<Material and Methods:</em<</strong< In this study, a beam of protons was utilized with the energies of 160 and 190 MeV, which are more popular for brain tumor treatment. This beam irradiated the brain phantom after passing through proton therapy nozzle components. This phantom has a tumor with a radius of 3 cm in its centre. The most important parts of the nozzle include magnetic wobbler, scatterer, ridge filter, and collimator. <strong<<em<Results:</em<</strong< The results show that while using protons with the energy values of 190 and 160 MeV, the equivalent dose fractions in tumor, brain, skull, and skin to the total equivalent dose in the head are 61.8 (62.4%), 10.4(10.9%), 6.07(3.69%), and 21.7(23%), respectively, regarding the primary and secondary particles. <strong<<em<Conclusion: </em<</strong<According to the obtained results, in spite of the fact that most of the equivalent dose was inside the tumor volume, the skin of head has received the noticeable dose during proton therapy of brain which needs more concern. brain tumor Monte Carlo Method Proton Therapy Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine Alireza Karimian verfasserin aut mohammadhassan alamatsaz verfasserin aut In Iranian Journal of Medical Physics Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 2016 16(2019), 5, Seite 341-348 (DE-627)738408816 (DE-600)2706917-5 23453672 nnns volume:16 year:2019 number:5 pages:341-348 https://doi.org/10.22038/ijmp.2019.32424.1386 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/05f18b6868fd46e3ab4239a057e73a1c kostenfrei http://ijmp.mums.ac.ir/article_12164_0b125078d4a09eaa4810289c5f3ec175.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2345-3672 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2345-3672 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4305 AR 16 2019 5 341-348
spelling	10.22038/ijmp.2019.32424.1386 doi (DE-627)DOAJ041305760 (DE-599)DOAJ05f18b6868fd46e3ab4239a057e73a1c DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng R895-920 Nasim Alsadat Mousavi verfasserin aut Calculation of the Equivalent Dose of the First and the Most Important Secondary Particles in Brain Proton Therapy by Monte Carlo Simulation 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <strong<<em<Introduction:</em<</strong< Due to nuclear interactions between the tissues and high-energy protons, the particles, including neutrons, positrons, and photons arise during proton therapy. This study aimed at investigating the dose distribution of proton and secondary particles, such as positrons, neutrons, and photons using the Monte Carlo method. <strong<<em<Material and Methods:</em<</strong< In this study, a beam of protons was utilized with the energies of 160 and 190 MeV, which are more popular for brain tumor treatment. This beam irradiated the brain phantom after passing through proton therapy nozzle components. This phantom has a tumor with a radius of 3 cm in its centre. The most important parts of the nozzle include magnetic wobbler, scatterer, ridge filter, and collimator. <strong<<em<Results:</em<</strong< The results show that while using protons with the energy values of 190 and 160 MeV, the equivalent dose fractions in tumor, brain, skull, and skin to the total equivalent dose in the head are 61.8 (62.4%), 10.4(10.9%), 6.07(3.69%), and 21.7(23%), respectively, regarding the primary and secondary particles. <strong<<em<Conclusion: </em<</strong<According to the obtained results, in spite of the fact that most of the equivalent dose was inside the tumor volume, the skin of head has received the noticeable dose during proton therapy of brain which needs more concern. brain tumor Monte Carlo Method Proton Therapy Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine Alireza Karimian verfasserin aut mohammadhassan alamatsaz verfasserin aut In Iranian Journal of Medical Physics Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 2016 16(2019), 5, Seite 341-348 (DE-627)738408816 (DE-600)2706917-5 23453672 nnns volume:16 year:2019 number:5 pages:341-348 https://doi.org/10.22038/ijmp.2019.32424.1386 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/05f18b6868fd46e3ab4239a057e73a1c kostenfrei http://ijmp.mums.ac.ir/article_12164_0b125078d4a09eaa4810289c5f3ec175.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2345-3672 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2345-3672 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4305 AR 16 2019 5 341-348
allfields_unstemmed	10.22038/ijmp.2019.32424.1386 doi (DE-627)DOAJ041305760 (DE-599)DOAJ05f18b6868fd46e3ab4239a057e73a1c DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng R895-920 Nasim Alsadat Mousavi verfasserin aut Calculation of the Equivalent Dose of the First and the Most Important Secondary Particles in Brain Proton Therapy by Monte Carlo Simulation 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <strong<<em<Introduction:</em<</strong< Due to nuclear interactions between the tissues and high-energy protons, the particles, including neutrons, positrons, and photons arise during proton therapy. This study aimed at investigating the dose distribution of proton and secondary particles, such as positrons, neutrons, and photons using the Monte Carlo method. <strong<<em<Material and Methods:</em<</strong< In this study, a beam of protons was utilized with the energies of 160 and 190 MeV, which are more popular for brain tumor treatment. This beam irradiated the brain phantom after passing through proton therapy nozzle components. This phantom has a tumor with a radius of 3 cm in its centre. The most important parts of the nozzle include magnetic wobbler, scatterer, ridge filter, and collimator. <strong<<em<Results:</em<</strong< The results show that while using protons with the energy values of 190 and 160 MeV, the equivalent dose fractions in tumor, brain, skull, and skin to the total equivalent dose in the head are 61.8 (62.4%), 10.4(10.9%), 6.07(3.69%), and 21.7(23%), respectively, regarding the primary and secondary particles. <strong<<em<Conclusion: </em<</strong<According to the obtained results, in spite of the fact that most of the equivalent dose was inside the tumor volume, the skin of head has received the noticeable dose during proton therapy of brain which needs more concern. brain tumor Monte Carlo Method Proton Therapy Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine Alireza Karimian verfasserin aut mohammadhassan alamatsaz verfasserin aut In Iranian Journal of Medical Physics Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 2016 16(2019), 5, Seite 341-348 (DE-627)738408816 (DE-600)2706917-5 23453672 nnns volume:16 year:2019 number:5 pages:341-348 https://doi.org/10.22038/ijmp.2019.32424.1386 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/05f18b6868fd46e3ab4239a057e73a1c kostenfrei http://ijmp.mums.ac.ir/article_12164_0b125078d4a09eaa4810289c5f3ec175.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2345-3672 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2345-3672 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4305 AR 16 2019 5 341-348
allfieldsGer	10.22038/ijmp.2019.32424.1386 doi (DE-627)DOAJ041305760 (DE-599)DOAJ05f18b6868fd46e3ab4239a057e73a1c DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng R895-920 Nasim Alsadat Mousavi verfasserin aut Calculation of the Equivalent Dose of the First and the Most Important Secondary Particles in Brain Proton Therapy by Monte Carlo Simulation 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <strong<<em<Introduction:</em<</strong< Due to nuclear interactions between the tissues and high-energy protons, the particles, including neutrons, positrons, and photons arise during proton therapy. This study aimed at investigating the dose distribution of proton and secondary particles, such as positrons, neutrons, and photons using the Monte Carlo method. <strong<<em<Material and Methods:</em<</strong< In this study, a beam of protons was utilized with the energies of 160 and 190 MeV, which are more popular for brain tumor treatment. This beam irradiated the brain phantom after passing through proton therapy nozzle components. This phantom has a tumor with a radius of 3 cm in its centre. The most important parts of the nozzle include magnetic wobbler, scatterer, ridge filter, and collimator. <strong<<em<Results:</em<</strong< The results show that while using protons with the energy values of 190 and 160 MeV, the equivalent dose fractions in tumor, brain, skull, and skin to the total equivalent dose in the head are 61.8 (62.4%), 10.4(10.9%), 6.07(3.69%), and 21.7(23%), respectively, regarding the primary and secondary particles. <strong<<em<Conclusion: </em<</strong<According to the obtained results, in spite of the fact that most of the equivalent dose was inside the tumor volume, the skin of head has received the noticeable dose during proton therapy of brain which needs more concern. brain tumor Monte Carlo Method Proton Therapy Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine Alireza Karimian verfasserin aut mohammadhassan alamatsaz verfasserin aut In Iranian Journal of Medical Physics Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 2016 16(2019), 5, Seite 341-348 (DE-627)738408816 (DE-600)2706917-5 23453672 nnns volume:16 year:2019 number:5 pages:341-348 https://doi.org/10.22038/ijmp.2019.32424.1386 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/05f18b6868fd46e3ab4239a057e73a1c kostenfrei http://ijmp.mums.ac.ir/article_12164_0b125078d4a09eaa4810289c5f3ec175.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2345-3672 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2345-3672 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4305 AR 16 2019 5 341-348
allfieldsSound	10.22038/ijmp.2019.32424.1386 doi (DE-627)DOAJ041305760 (DE-599)DOAJ05f18b6868fd46e3ab4239a057e73a1c DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng R895-920 Nasim Alsadat Mousavi verfasserin aut Calculation of the Equivalent Dose of the First and the Most Important Secondary Particles in Brain Proton Therapy by Monte Carlo Simulation 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <strong<<em<Introduction:</em<</strong< Due to nuclear interactions between the tissues and high-energy protons, the particles, including neutrons, positrons, and photons arise during proton therapy. This study aimed at investigating the dose distribution of proton and secondary particles, such as positrons, neutrons, and photons using the Monte Carlo method. <strong<<em<Material and Methods:</em<</strong< In this study, a beam of protons was utilized with the energies of 160 and 190 MeV, which are more popular for brain tumor treatment. This beam irradiated the brain phantom after passing through proton therapy nozzle components. This phantom has a tumor with a radius of 3 cm in its centre. The most important parts of the nozzle include magnetic wobbler, scatterer, ridge filter, and collimator. <strong<<em<Results:</em<</strong< The results show that while using protons with the energy values of 190 and 160 MeV, the equivalent dose fractions in tumor, brain, skull, and skin to the total equivalent dose in the head are 61.8 (62.4%), 10.4(10.9%), 6.07(3.69%), and 21.7(23%), respectively, regarding the primary and secondary particles. <strong<<em<Conclusion: </em<</strong<According to the obtained results, in spite of the fact that most of the equivalent dose was inside the tumor volume, the skin of head has received the noticeable dose during proton therapy of brain which needs more concern. brain tumor Monte Carlo Method Proton Therapy Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine Alireza Karimian verfasserin aut mohammadhassan alamatsaz verfasserin aut In Iranian Journal of Medical Physics Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 2016 16(2019), 5, Seite 341-348 (DE-627)738408816 (DE-600)2706917-5 23453672 nnns volume:16 year:2019 number:5 pages:341-348 https://doi.org/10.22038/ijmp.2019.32424.1386 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/05f18b6868fd46e3ab4239a057e73a1c kostenfrei http://ijmp.mums.ac.ir/article_12164_0b125078d4a09eaa4810289c5f3ec175.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2345-3672 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2345-3672 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4305 AR 16 2019 5 341-348
language	English
source	In Iranian Journal of Medical Physics 16(2019), 5, Seite 341-348 volume:16 year:2019 number:5 pages:341-348
sourceStr	In Iranian Journal of Medical Physics 16(2019), 5, Seite 341-348 volume:16 year:2019 number:5 pages:341-348
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topic_facet	brain tumor Monte Carlo Method Proton Therapy Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine
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authorswithroles_txt_mv	Nasim Alsadat Mousavi @@aut@@ Alireza Karimian @@aut@@ mohammadhassan alamatsaz @@aut@@
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This study aimed at investigating the dose distribution of proton and secondary particles, such as positrons, neutrons, and photons using the Monte Carlo method. <strong<<em<Material and Methods:</em<</strong< In this study, a beam of protons was utilized with the energies of 160 and 190 MeV, which are more popular for brain tumor treatment. This beam irradiated the brain phantom after passing through proton therapy nozzle components. This phantom has a tumor with a radius of 3 cm in its centre. 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callnumber-first	R - Medicine
author	Nasim Alsadat Mousavi
spellingShingle	Nasim Alsadat Mousavi misc R895-920 misc brain tumor misc Monte Carlo Method misc Proton Therapy misc Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine Calculation of the Equivalent Dose of the First and the Most Important Secondary Particles in Brain Proton Therapy by Monte Carlo Simulation
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topic_title	R895-920 Calculation of the Equivalent Dose of the First and the Most Important Secondary Particles in Brain Proton Therapy by Monte Carlo Simulation brain tumor Monte Carlo Method Proton Therapy
topic	misc R895-920 misc brain tumor misc Monte Carlo Method misc Proton Therapy misc Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine
topic_unstemmed	misc R895-920 misc brain tumor misc Monte Carlo Method misc Proton Therapy misc Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine
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title	Calculation of the Equivalent Dose of the First and the Most Important Secondary Particles in Brain Proton Therapy by Monte Carlo Simulation
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title_full	Calculation of the Equivalent Dose of the First and the Most Important Secondary Particles in Brain Proton Therapy by Monte Carlo Simulation
author_sort	Nasim Alsadat Mousavi
journal	Iranian Journal of Medical Physics
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author_browse	Nasim Alsadat Mousavi Alireza Karimian mohammadhassan alamatsaz
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title_sort	calculation of the equivalent dose of the first and the most important secondary particles in brain proton therapy by monte carlo simulation
callnumber	R895-920
title_auth	Calculation of the Equivalent Dose of the First and the Most Important Secondary Particles in Brain Proton Therapy by Monte Carlo Simulation
abstract	<strong<<em<Introduction:</em<</strong< Due to nuclear interactions between the tissues and high-energy protons, the particles, including neutrons, positrons, and photons arise during proton therapy. This study aimed at investigating the dose distribution of proton and secondary particles, such as positrons, neutrons, and photons using the Monte Carlo method. <strong<<em<Material and Methods:</em<</strong< In this study, a beam of protons was utilized with the energies of 160 and 190 MeV, which are more popular for brain tumor treatment. This beam irradiated the brain phantom after passing through proton therapy nozzle components. This phantom has a tumor with a radius of 3 cm in its centre. The most important parts of the nozzle include magnetic wobbler, scatterer, ridge filter, and collimator. <strong<<em<Results:</em<</strong< The results show that while using protons with the energy values of 190 and 160 MeV, the equivalent dose fractions in tumor, brain, skull, and skin to the total equivalent dose in the head are 61.8 (62.4%), 10.4(10.9%), 6.07(3.69%), and 21.7(23%), respectively, regarding the primary and secondary particles. <strong<<em<Conclusion: </em<</strong<According to the obtained results, in spite of the fact that most of the equivalent dose was inside the tumor volume, the skin of head has received the noticeable dose during proton therapy of brain which needs more concern.
abstractGer	<strong<<em<Introduction:</em<</strong< Due to nuclear interactions between the tissues and high-energy protons, the particles, including neutrons, positrons, and photons arise during proton therapy. This study aimed at investigating the dose distribution of proton and secondary particles, such as positrons, neutrons, and photons using the Monte Carlo method. <strong<<em<Material and Methods:</em<</strong< In this study, a beam of protons was utilized with the energies of 160 and 190 MeV, which are more popular for brain tumor treatment. This beam irradiated the brain phantom after passing through proton therapy nozzle components. This phantom has a tumor with a radius of 3 cm in its centre. The most important parts of the nozzle include magnetic wobbler, scatterer, ridge filter, and collimator. <strong<<em<Results:</em<</strong< The results show that while using protons with the energy values of 190 and 160 MeV, the equivalent dose fractions in tumor, brain, skull, and skin to the total equivalent dose in the head are 61.8 (62.4%), 10.4(10.9%), 6.07(3.69%), and 21.7(23%), respectively, regarding the primary and secondary particles. <strong<<em<Conclusion: </em<</strong<According to the obtained results, in spite of the fact that most of the equivalent dose was inside the tumor volume, the skin of head has received the noticeable dose during proton therapy of brain which needs more concern.
abstract_unstemmed	<strong<<em<Introduction:</em<</strong< Due to nuclear interactions between the tissues and high-energy protons, the particles, including neutrons, positrons, and photons arise during proton therapy. This study aimed at investigating the dose distribution of proton and secondary particles, such as positrons, neutrons, and photons using the Monte Carlo method. <strong<<em<Material and Methods:</em<</strong< In this study, a beam of protons was utilized with the energies of 160 and 190 MeV, which are more popular for brain tumor treatment. This beam irradiated the brain phantom after passing through proton therapy nozzle components. This phantom has a tumor with a radius of 3 cm in its centre. The most important parts of the nozzle include magnetic wobbler, scatterer, ridge filter, and collimator. <strong<<em<Results:</em<</strong< The results show that while using protons with the energy values of 190 and 160 MeV, the equivalent dose fractions in tumor, brain, skull, and skin to the total equivalent dose in the head are 61.8 (62.4%), 10.4(10.9%), 6.07(3.69%), and 21.7(23%), respectively, regarding the primary and secondary particles. <strong<<em<Conclusion: </em<</strong<According to the obtained results, in spite of the fact that most of the equivalent dose was inside the tumor volume, the skin of head has received the noticeable dose during proton therapy of brain which needs more concern.
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title_short	Calculation of the Equivalent Dose of the First and the Most Important Secondary Particles in Brain Proton Therapy by Monte Carlo Simulation
url	https://doi.org/10.22038/ijmp.2019.32424.1386 https://doaj.org/article/05f18b6868fd46e3ab4239a057e73a1c http://ijmp.mums.ac.ir/article_12164_0b125078d4a09eaa4810289c5f3ec175.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/2345-3672
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