Dystocia in the Standardbred Mare: A Retrospective Study from 2004 to 2020

Dystocia as a prolonged stage II parturition (<30 min) was associated with a higher risk of complications. The hypothesis of the study was that any type of dystocia could affect the foal’s health, even when the stage II was <30 min. Clinical reports on 222 Standardbred mares and their foals ho...
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Autor*in:	Aliai Lanci [verfasserIn] Francesca Perina [verfasserIn] André Donadoni [verfasserIn] Carolina Castagnetti [verfasserIn] Jole Mariella [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2022

Schlagwörter:	dystocia equine Standardbred mare foal health foaling difficulty categories of dystocia severity

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Animals - MDPI AG, 2011, 12(2022), 12, p 1486
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:12 ; year:2022 ; number:12, p 1486

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/ani12121486

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ04251147X

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allfields	10.3390/ani12121486 doi (DE-627)DOAJ04251147X (DE-599)DOAJ0b4be71c7d7a4387867908a1e154b5a3 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng SF600-1100 QL1-991 Aliai Lanci verfasserin aut Dystocia in the Standardbred Mare: A Retrospective Study from 2004 to 2020 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Dystocia as a prolonged stage II parturition (<30 min) was associated with a higher risk of complications. The hypothesis of the study was that any type of dystocia could affect the foal’s health, even when the stage II was <30 min. Clinical reports on 222 Standardbred mares and their foals hospitalized at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Bologna from 2004 to 2020 were reviewed. Mares were divided into the Eutocia Group (165, eutocic delivery) and the Dystocia Group (57, dystocic delivery). The incidence of dystocia was 4.9%. Stage II was longer in the Dystocia Group (median 20 min) than in the Eutocia Group (median 12 min). All occurrences of dystocia were retrospectively classified into three categories of severity: mild, moderate and severe dystocia. The occurrence of postpartum complications in mares and neonatal diseases and failure of passive transfer of immunity in foals was higher in the Dystocia Group. Foal venous lactatemia and serum creatine kinase were significantly higher in the Dystocia Group (median 3.9 mmol/L; 262 UI/L respectively) than in the Eutocia Group (median 3.1 mmol/L; 187 UI/L respectively). The APGAR score was lower in the Dystocia Group (median 8) than in the Eutocia Group (median 10) and significantly lower in severe dystocia (median 3). The duration of stage II should not be considered the only parameter of dystocia in mares: even a rapid resolution of dystocia could pose health risks to the foal and the mare. dystocia equine Standardbred mare foal health foaling difficulty categories of dystocia severity Veterinary medicine Zoology Francesca Perina verfasserin aut André Donadoni verfasserin aut Carolina Castagnetti verfasserin aut Jole Mariella verfasserin aut In Animals MDPI AG, 2011 12(2022), 12, p 1486 (DE-627)657589306 (DE-600)2606558-7 20762615 nnns volume:12 year:2022 number:12, p 1486 https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12121486 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0b4be71c7d7a4387867908a1e154b5a3 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/12/1486 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2022 12, p 1486
spelling	10.3390/ani12121486 doi (DE-627)DOAJ04251147X (DE-599)DOAJ0b4be71c7d7a4387867908a1e154b5a3 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng SF600-1100 QL1-991 Aliai Lanci verfasserin aut Dystocia in the Standardbred Mare: A Retrospective Study from 2004 to 2020 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Dystocia as a prolonged stage II parturition (<30 min) was associated with a higher risk of complications. The hypothesis of the study was that any type of dystocia could affect the foal’s health, even when the stage II was <30 min. Clinical reports on 222 Standardbred mares and their foals hospitalized at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Bologna from 2004 to 2020 were reviewed. Mares were divided into the Eutocia Group (165, eutocic delivery) and the Dystocia Group (57, dystocic delivery). The incidence of dystocia was 4.9%. Stage II was longer in the Dystocia Group (median 20 min) than in the Eutocia Group (median 12 min). All occurrences of dystocia were retrospectively classified into three categories of severity: mild, moderate and severe dystocia. The occurrence of postpartum complications in mares and neonatal diseases and failure of passive transfer of immunity in foals was higher in the Dystocia Group. Foal venous lactatemia and serum creatine kinase were significantly higher in the Dystocia Group (median 3.9 mmol/L; 262 UI/L respectively) than in the Eutocia Group (median 3.1 mmol/L; 187 UI/L respectively). The APGAR score was lower in the Dystocia Group (median 8) than in the Eutocia Group (median 10) and significantly lower in severe dystocia (median 3). The duration of stage II should not be considered the only parameter of dystocia in mares: even a rapid resolution of dystocia could pose health risks to the foal and the mare. dystocia equine Standardbred mare foal health foaling difficulty categories of dystocia severity Veterinary medicine Zoology Francesca Perina verfasserin aut André Donadoni verfasserin aut Carolina Castagnetti verfasserin aut Jole Mariella verfasserin aut In Animals MDPI AG, 2011 12(2022), 12, p 1486 (DE-627)657589306 (DE-600)2606558-7 20762615 nnns volume:12 year:2022 number:12, p 1486 https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12121486 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0b4be71c7d7a4387867908a1e154b5a3 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/12/1486 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2022 12, p 1486
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/ani12121486 doi (DE-627)DOAJ04251147X (DE-599)DOAJ0b4be71c7d7a4387867908a1e154b5a3 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng SF600-1100 QL1-991 Aliai Lanci verfasserin aut Dystocia in the Standardbred Mare: A Retrospective Study from 2004 to 2020 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Dystocia as a prolonged stage II parturition (<30 min) was associated with a higher risk of complications. The hypothesis of the study was that any type of dystocia could affect the foal’s health, even when the stage II was <30 min. Clinical reports on 222 Standardbred mares and their foals hospitalized at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Bologna from 2004 to 2020 were reviewed. Mares were divided into the Eutocia Group (165, eutocic delivery) and the Dystocia Group (57, dystocic delivery). The incidence of dystocia was 4.9%. Stage II was longer in the Dystocia Group (median 20 min) than in the Eutocia Group (median 12 min). All occurrences of dystocia were retrospectively classified into three categories of severity: mild, moderate and severe dystocia. The occurrence of postpartum complications in mares and neonatal diseases and failure of passive transfer of immunity in foals was higher in the Dystocia Group. Foal venous lactatemia and serum creatine kinase were significantly higher in the Dystocia Group (median 3.9 mmol/L; 262 UI/L respectively) than in the Eutocia Group (median 3.1 mmol/L; 187 UI/L respectively). The APGAR score was lower in the Dystocia Group (median 8) than in the Eutocia Group (median 10) and significantly lower in severe dystocia (median 3). The duration of stage II should not be considered the only parameter of dystocia in mares: even a rapid resolution of dystocia could pose health risks to the foal and the mare. dystocia equine Standardbred mare foal health foaling difficulty categories of dystocia severity Veterinary medicine Zoology Francesca Perina verfasserin aut André Donadoni verfasserin aut Carolina Castagnetti verfasserin aut Jole Mariella verfasserin aut In Animals MDPI AG, 2011 12(2022), 12, p 1486 (DE-627)657589306 (DE-600)2606558-7 20762615 nnns volume:12 year:2022 number:12, p 1486 https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12121486 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0b4be71c7d7a4387867908a1e154b5a3 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/12/1486 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2022 12, p 1486
allfieldsGer	10.3390/ani12121486 doi (DE-627)DOAJ04251147X (DE-599)DOAJ0b4be71c7d7a4387867908a1e154b5a3 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng SF600-1100 QL1-991 Aliai Lanci verfasserin aut Dystocia in the Standardbred Mare: A Retrospective Study from 2004 to 2020 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Dystocia as a prolonged stage II parturition (<30 min) was associated with a higher risk of complications. The hypothesis of the study was that any type of dystocia could affect the foal’s health, even when the stage II was <30 min. Clinical reports on 222 Standardbred mares and their foals hospitalized at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Bologna from 2004 to 2020 were reviewed. Mares were divided into the Eutocia Group (165, eutocic delivery) and the Dystocia Group (57, dystocic delivery). The incidence of dystocia was 4.9%. Stage II was longer in the Dystocia Group (median 20 min) than in the Eutocia Group (median 12 min). All occurrences of dystocia were retrospectively classified into three categories of severity: mild, moderate and severe dystocia. The occurrence of postpartum complications in mares and neonatal diseases and failure of passive transfer of immunity in foals was higher in the Dystocia Group. Foal venous lactatemia and serum creatine kinase were significantly higher in the Dystocia Group (median 3.9 mmol/L; 262 UI/L respectively) than in the Eutocia Group (median 3.1 mmol/L; 187 UI/L respectively). The APGAR score was lower in the Dystocia Group (median 8) than in the Eutocia Group (median 10) and significantly lower in severe dystocia (median 3). The duration of stage II should not be considered the only parameter of dystocia in mares: even a rapid resolution of dystocia could pose health risks to the foal and the mare. dystocia equine Standardbred mare foal health foaling difficulty categories of dystocia severity Veterinary medicine Zoology Francesca Perina verfasserin aut André Donadoni verfasserin aut Carolina Castagnetti verfasserin aut Jole Mariella verfasserin aut In Animals MDPI AG, 2011 12(2022), 12, p 1486 (DE-627)657589306 (DE-600)2606558-7 20762615 nnns volume:12 year:2022 number:12, p 1486 https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12121486 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0b4be71c7d7a4387867908a1e154b5a3 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/12/1486 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2022 12, p 1486
allfieldsSound	10.3390/ani12121486 doi (DE-627)DOAJ04251147X (DE-599)DOAJ0b4be71c7d7a4387867908a1e154b5a3 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng SF600-1100 QL1-991 Aliai Lanci verfasserin aut Dystocia in the Standardbred Mare: A Retrospective Study from 2004 to 2020 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Dystocia as a prolonged stage II parturition (<30 min) was associated with a higher risk of complications. The hypothesis of the study was that any type of dystocia could affect the foal’s health, even when the stage II was <30 min. Clinical reports on 222 Standardbred mares and their foals hospitalized at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Bologna from 2004 to 2020 were reviewed. Mares were divided into the Eutocia Group (165, eutocic delivery) and the Dystocia Group (57, dystocic delivery). The incidence of dystocia was 4.9%. Stage II was longer in the Dystocia Group (median 20 min) than in the Eutocia Group (median 12 min). All occurrences of dystocia were retrospectively classified into three categories of severity: mild, moderate and severe dystocia. The occurrence of postpartum complications in mares and neonatal diseases and failure of passive transfer of immunity in foals was higher in the Dystocia Group. Foal venous lactatemia and serum creatine kinase were significantly higher in the Dystocia Group (median 3.9 mmol/L; 262 UI/L respectively) than in the Eutocia Group (median 3.1 mmol/L; 187 UI/L respectively). The APGAR score was lower in the Dystocia Group (median 8) than in the Eutocia Group (median 10) and significantly lower in severe dystocia (median 3). The duration of stage II should not be considered the only parameter of dystocia in mares: even a rapid resolution of dystocia could pose health risks to the foal and the mare. dystocia equine Standardbred mare foal health foaling difficulty categories of dystocia severity Veterinary medicine Zoology Francesca Perina verfasserin aut André Donadoni verfasserin aut Carolina Castagnetti verfasserin aut Jole Mariella verfasserin aut In Animals MDPI AG, 2011 12(2022), 12, p 1486 (DE-627)657589306 (DE-600)2606558-7 20762615 nnns volume:12 year:2022 number:12, p 1486 https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12121486 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0b4be71c7d7a4387867908a1e154b5a3 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/12/1486 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2022 12, p 1486
language	English
source	In Animals 12(2022), 12, p 1486 volume:12 year:2022 number:12, p 1486
sourceStr	In Animals 12(2022), 12, p 1486 volume:12 year:2022 number:12, p 1486
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	dystocia equine Standardbred mare foal health foaling difficulty categories of dystocia severity Veterinary medicine Zoology
isfreeaccess_bool	true
container_title	Animals
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Aliai Lanci @@aut@@ Francesca Perina @@aut@@ André Donadoni @@aut@@ Carolina Castagnetti @@aut@@ Jole Mariella @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	657589306
id	DOAJ04251147X
language_de	englisch
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callnumber-first	S - Agriculture
author	Aliai Lanci
spellingShingle	Aliai Lanci misc SF600-1100 misc QL1-991 misc dystocia misc equine misc Standardbred mare misc foal health misc foaling difficulty misc categories of dystocia severity misc Veterinary medicine misc Zoology Dystocia in the Standardbred Mare: A Retrospective Study from 2004 to 2020
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topic_title	SF600-1100 QL1-991 Dystocia in the Standardbred Mare: A Retrospective Study from 2004 to 2020 dystocia equine Standardbred mare foal health foaling difficulty categories of dystocia severity
topic	misc SF600-1100 misc QL1-991 misc dystocia misc equine misc Standardbred mare misc foal health misc foaling difficulty misc categories of dystocia severity misc Veterinary medicine misc Zoology
topic_unstemmed	misc SF600-1100 misc QL1-991 misc dystocia misc equine misc Standardbred mare misc foal health misc foaling difficulty misc categories of dystocia severity misc Veterinary medicine misc Zoology
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title	Dystocia in the Standardbred Mare: A Retrospective Study from 2004 to 2020
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title_full	Dystocia in the Standardbred Mare: A Retrospective Study from 2004 to 2020
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author_browse	Aliai Lanci Francesca Perina André Donadoni Carolina Castagnetti Jole Mariella
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title_sort	dystocia in the standardbred mare: a retrospective study from 2004 to 2020
callnumber	SF600-1100
title_auth	Dystocia in the Standardbred Mare: A Retrospective Study from 2004 to 2020
abstract	Dystocia as a prolonged stage II parturition (<30 min) was associated with a higher risk of complications. The hypothesis of the study was that any type of dystocia could affect the foal’s health, even when the stage II was <30 min. Clinical reports on 222 Standardbred mares and their foals hospitalized at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Bologna from 2004 to 2020 were reviewed. Mares were divided into the Eutocia Group (165, eutocic delivery) and the Dystocia Group (57, dystocic delivery). The incidence of dystocia was 4.9%. Stage II was longer in the Dystocia Group (median 20 min) than in the Eutocia Group (median 12 min). All occurrences of dystocia were retrospectively classified into three categories of severity: mild, moderate and severe dystocia. The occurrence of postpartum complications in mares and neonatal diseases and failure of passive transfer of immunity in foals was higher in the Dystocia Group. Foal venous lactatemia and serum creatine kinase were significantly higher in the Dystocia Group (median 3.9 mmol/L; 262 UI/L respectively) than in the Eutocia Group (median 3.1 mmol/L; 187 UI/L respectively). The APGAR score was lower in the Dystocia Group (median 8) than in the Eutocia Group (median 10) and significantly lower in severe dystocia (median 3). The duration of stage II should not be considered the only parameter of dystocia in mares: even a rapid resolution of dystocia could pose health risks to the foal and the mare.
abstractGer	Dystocia as a prolonged stage II parturition (<30 min) was associated with a higher risk of complications. The hypothesis of the study was that any type of dystocia could affect the foal’s health, even when the stage II was <30 min. Clinical reports on 222 Standardbred mares and their foals hospitalized at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Bologna from 2004 to 2020 were reviewed. Mares were divided into the Eutocia Group (165, eutocic delivery) and the Dystocia Group (57, dystocic delivery). The incidence of dystocia was 4.9%. Stage II was longer in the Dystocia Group (median 20 min) than in the Eutocia Group (median 12 min). All occurrences of dystocia were retrospectively classified into three categories of severity: mild, moderate and severe dystocia. The occurrence of postpartum complications in mares and neonatal diseases and failure of passive transfer of immunity in foals was higher in the Dystocia Group. Foal venous lactatemia and serum creatine kinase were significantly higher in the Dystocia Group (median 3.9 mmol/L; 262 UI/L respectively) than in the Eutocia Group (median 3.1 mmol/L; 187 UI/L respectively). The APGAR score was lower in the Dystocia Group (median 8) than in the Eutocia Group (median 10) and significantly lower in severe dystocia (median 3). The duration of stage II should not be considered the only parameter of dystocia in mares: even a rapid resolution of dystocia could pose health risks to the foal and the mare.
abstract_unstemmed	Dystocia as a prolonged stage II parturition (<30 min) was associated with a higher risk of complications. The hypothesis of the study was that any type of dystocia could affect the foal’s health, even when the stage II was <30 min. Clinical reports on 222 Standardbred mares and their foals hospitalized at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Bologna from 2004 to 2020 were reviewed. Mares were divided into the Eutocia Group (165, eutocic delivery) and the Dystocia Group (57, dystocic delivery). The incidence of dystocia was 4.9%. Stage II was longer in the Dystocia Group (median 20 min) than in the Eutocia Group (median 12 min). All occurrences of dystocia were retrospectively classified into three categories of severity: mild, moderate and severe dystocia. The occurrence of postpartum complications in mares and neonatal diseases and failure of passive transfer of immunity in foals was higher in the Dystocia Group. Foal venous lactatemia and serum creatine kinase were significantly higher in the Dystocia Group (median 3.9 mmol/L; 262 UI/L respectively) than in the Eutocia Group (median 3.1 mmol/L; 187 UI/L respectively). The APGAR score was lower in the Dystocia Group (median 8) than in the Eutocia Group (median 10) and significantly lower in severe dystocia (median 3). The duration of stage II should not be considered the only parameter of dystocia in mares: even a rapid resolution of dystocia could pose health risks to the foal and the mare.
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title_short	Dystocia in the Standardbred Mare: A Retrospective Study from 2004 to 2020
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