Determination of Caffeine, Total Phenol, and Heavy Metals Content in Green and Black Tea Collected From Gilan Province, Iran by spectroscopic method

Background: Because of its stimulating and valuable effects, tea is the most commonly used beverage in the world after water. These effects are due to caffeine and phenolic compounds in tea. Also, most of the tea in Iran is planted in Gilan Province. However, food pollution from heavy metals is one...
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Autor*in:	Mohammad Shokrzadeh [verfasserIn] Mohammad Hossein Hosseinzadeh [verfasserIn] Mansoureh Boustani [verfasserIn] Emran Habibi [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2022

Schlagwörter:	caffeine phenol lead cadmium chromium camellia sinensis

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research - Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 2017, 8(2022), 1, Seite 23-30
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:8 ; year:2022 ; number:1 ; pages:23-30

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Katalog-ID:	DOAJ042589991

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520			\|a Background: Because of its stimulating and valuable effects, tea is the most commonly used beverage in the world after water. These effects are due to caffeine and phenolic compounds in tea. Also, most of the tea in Iran is planted in Gilan Province. However, food pollution from heavy metals is one of the most important problems. Objectives: In this research, we measured the total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green and black tea cultivated in Gilan Province. Methods: Ten samples of green and black tea were purchased from different regions of Gilan Province. Methanol and dichloromethane extracts were prepared. Total phenol and caffeine were detected by spectroscopy. Quantification of heavy metals was done by digestion methods and examined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: The Mesn±SD amounts of total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green tea from all regions comprised 27.13±1.54%, 3.20±0.01%, 0.81±0.66 ppm, 1.54±1.39 ppm, and 0.28±0.20 ppm, respectively, and these amounts in black tea were 14.90±1.53%, 3.20±0.05%, 1.00±0.79 ppm, 1.65±0.93 ppm, and 0.24±0.15 ppm, respectively. Conclusion: The content of total phenol and lead in tea was different in various regions of Gilan Province. Green tea contains more phenolic compounds than black tea, but the caffeine in green and black tea is almost equal. The amounts of cadmium and chromium in some Gilan Province areas are higher than the standard level, which needs to be investigated.
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700	0		\|a Emran Habibi \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
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allfields	(DE-627)DOAJ042589991 (DE-599)DOAJ0564f34bc5c74c98be85d95373353c17 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RM1-950 Mohammad Shokrzadeh verfasserin aut Determination of Caffeine, Total Phenol, and Heavy Metals Content in Green and Black Tea Collected From Gilan Province, Iran by spectroscopic method 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Because of its stimulating and valuable effects, tea is the most commonly used beverage in the world after water. These effects are due to caffeine and phenolic compounds in tea. Also, most of the tea in Iran is planted in Gilan Province. However, food pollution from heavy metals is one of the most important problems. Objectives: In this research, we measured the total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green and black tea cultivated in Gilan Province. Methods: Ten samples of green and black tea were purchased from different regions of Gilan Province. Methanol and dichloromethane extracts were prepared. Total phenol and caffeine were detected by spectroscopy. Quantification of heavy metals was done by digestion methods and examined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: The Mesn±SD amounts of total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green tea from all regions comprised 27.13±1.54%, 3.20±0.01%, 0.81±0.66 ppm, 1.54±1.39 ppm, and 0.28±0.20 ppm, respectively, and these amounts in black tea were 14.90±1.53%, 3.20±0.05%, 1.00±0.79 ppm, 1.65±0.93 ppm, and 0.24±0.15 ppm, respectively. Conclusion: The content of total phenol and lead in tea was different in various regions of Gilan Province. Green tea contains more phenolic compounds than black tea, but the caffeine in green and black tea is almost equal. The amounts of cadmium and chromium in some Gilan Province areas are higher than the standard level, which needs to be investigated. caffeine phenol lead cadmium chromium camellia sinensis Therapeutics. Pharmacology Mohammad Hossein Hosseinzadeh verfasserin aut Mansoureh Boustani verfasserin aut Emran Habibi verfasserin aut In Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 2017 8(2022), 1, Seite 23-30 (DE-627)845527452 (DE-600)2843863-2 24234494 nnns volume:8 year:2022 number:1 pages:23-30 https://doaj.org/article/0564f34bc5c74c98be85d95373353c17 kostenfrei http://pbr.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-414-en.html kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2423-4494 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2022 1 23-30
spelling	(DE-627)DOAJ042589991 (DE-599)DOAJ0564f34bc5c74c98be85d95373353c17 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RM1-950 Mohammad Shokrzadeh verfasserin aut Determination of Caffeine, Total Phenol, and Heavy Metals Content in Green and Black Tea Collected From Gilan Province, Iran by spectroscopic method 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Because of its stimulating and valuable effects, tea is the most commonly used beverage in the world after water. These effects are due to caffeine and phenolic compounds in tea. Also, most of the tea in Iran is planted in Gilan Province. However, food pollution from heavy metals is one of the most important problems. Objectives: In this research, we measured the total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green and black tea cultivated in Gilan Province. Methods: Ten samples of green and black tea were purchased from different regions of Gilan Province. Methanol and dichloromethane extracts were prepared. Total phenol and caffeine were detected by spectroscopy. Quantification of heavy metals was done by digestion methods and examined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: The Mesn±SD amounts of total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green tea from all regions comprised 27.13±1.54%, 3.20±0.01%, 0.81±0.66 ppm, 1.54±1.39 ppm, and 0.28±0.20 ppm, respectively, and these amounts in black tea were 14.90±1.53%, 3.20±0.05%, 1.00±0.79 ppm, 1.65±0.93 ppm, and 0.24±0.15 ppm, respectively. Conclusion: The content of total phenol and lead in tea was different in various regions of Gilan Province. Green tea contains more phenolic compounds than black tea, but the caffeine in green and black tea is almost equal. The amounts of cadmium and chromium in some Gilan Province areas are higher than the standard level, which needs to be investigated. caffeine phenol lead cadmium chromium camellia sinensis Therapeutics. Pharmacology Mohammad Hossein Hosseinzadeh verfasserin aut Mansoureh Boustani verfasserin aut Emran Habibi verfasserin aut In Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 2017 8(2022), 1, Seite 23-30 (DE-627)845527452 (DE-600)2843863-2 24234494 nnns volume:8 year:2022 number:1 pages:23-30 https://doaj.org/article/0564f34bc5c74c98be85d95373353c17 kostenfrei http://pbr.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-414-en.html kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2423-4494 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2022 1 23-30
allfields_unstemmed	(DE-627)DOAJ042589991 (DE-599)DOAJ0564f34bc5c74c98be85d95373353c17 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RM1-950 Mohammad Shokrzadeh verfasserin aut Determination of Caffeine, Total Phenol, and Heavy Metals Content in Green and Black Tea Collected From Gilan Province, Iran by spectroscopic method 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Because of its stimulating and valuable effects, tea is the most commonly used beverage in the world after water. These effects are due to caffeine and phenolic compounds in tea. Also, most of the tea in Iran is planted in Gilan Province. However, food pollution from heavy metals is one of the most important problems. Objectives: In this research, we measured the total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green and black tea cultivated in Gilan Province. Methods: Ten samples of green and black tea were purchased from different regions of Gilan Province. Methanol and dichloromethane extracts were prepared. Total phenol and caffeine were detected by spectroscopy. Quantification of heavy metals was done by digestion methods and examined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: The Mesn±SD amounts of total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green tea from all regions comprised 27.13±1.54%, 3.20±0.01%, 0.81±0.66 ppm, 1.54±1.39 ppm, and 0.28±0.20 ppm, respectively, and these amounts in black tea were 14.90±1.53%, 3.20±0.05%, 1.00±0.79 ppm, 1.65±0.93 ppm, and 0.24±0.15 ppm, respectively. Conclusion: The content of total phenol and lead in tea was different in various regions of Gilan Province. Green tea contains more phenolic compounds than black tea, but the caffeine in green and black tea is almost equal. The amounts of cadmium and chromium in some Gilan Province areas are higher than the standard level, which needs to be investigated. caffeine phenol lead cadmium chromium camellia sinensis Therapeutics. Pharmacology Mohammad Hossein Hosseinzadeh verfasserin aut Mansoureh Boustani verfasserin aut Emran Habibi verfasserin aut In Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 2017 8(2022), 1, Seite 23-30 (DE-627)845527452 (DE-600)2843863-2 24234494 nnns volume:8 year:2022 number:1 pages:23-30 https://doaj.org/article/0564f34bc5c74c98be85d95373353c17 kostenfrei http://pbr.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-414-en.html kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2423-4494 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2022 1 23-30
allfieldsGer	(DE-627)DOAJ042589991 (DE-599)DOAJ0564f34bc5c74c98be85d95373353c17 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RM1-950 Mohammad Shokrzadeh verfasserin aut Determination of Caffeine, Total Phenol, and Heavy Metals Content in Green and Black Tea Collected From Gilan Province, Iran by spectroscopic method 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Because of its stimulating and valuable effects, tea is the most commonly used beverage in the world after water. These effects are due to caffeine and phenolic compounds in tea. Also, most of the tea in Iran is planted in Gilan Province. However, food pollution from heavy metals is one of the most important problems. Objectives: In this research, we measured the total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green and black tea cultivated in Gilan Province. Methods: Ten samples of green and black tea were purchased from different regions of Gilan Province. Methanol and dichloromethane extracts were prepared. Total phenol and caffeine were detected by spectroscopy. Quantification of heavy metals was done by digestion methods and examined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: The Mesn±SD amounts of total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green tea from all regions comprised 27.13±1.54%, 3.20±0.01%, 0.81±0.66 ppm, 1.54±1.39 ppm, and 0.28±0.20 ppm, respectively, and these amounts in black tea were 14.90±1.53%, 3.20±0.05%, 1.00±0.79 ppm, 1.65±0.93 ppm, and 0.24±0.15 ppm, respectively. Conclusion: The content of total phenol and lead in tea was different in various regions of Gilan Province. Green tea contains more phenolic compounds than black tea, but the caffeine in green and black tea is almost equal. The amounts of cadmium and chromium in some Gilan Province areas are higher than the standard level, which needs to be investigated. caffeine phenol lead cadmium chromium camellia sinensis Therapeutics. Pharmacology Mohammad Hossein Hosseinzadeh verfasserin aut Mansoureh Boustani verfasserin aut Emran Habibi verfasserin aut In Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 2017 8(2022), 1, Seite 23-30 (DE-627)845527452 (DE-600)2843863-2 24234494 nnns volume:8 year:2022 number:1 pages:23-30 https://doaj.org/article/0564f34bc5c74c98be85d95373353c17 kostenfrei http://pbr.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-414-en.html kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2423-4494 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2022 1 23-30
allfieldsSound	(DE-627)DOAJ042589991 (DE-599)DOAJ0564f34bc5c74c98be85d95373353c17 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RM1-950 Mohammad Shokrzadeh verfasserin aut Determination of Caffeine, Total Phenol, and Heavy Metals Content in Green and Black Tea Collected From Gilan Province, Iran by spectroscopic method 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Because of its stimulating and valuable effects, tea is the most commonly used beverage in the world after water. These effects are due to caffeine and phenolic compounds in tea. Also, most of the tea in Iran is planted in Gilan Province. However, food pollution from heavy metals is one of the most important problems. Objectives: In this research, we measured the total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green and black tea cultivated in Gilan Province. Methods: Ten samples of green and black tea were purchased from different regions of Gilan Province. Methanol and dichloromethane extracts were prepared. Total phenol and caffeine were detected by spectroscopy. Quantification of heavy metals was done by digestion methods and examined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: The Mesn±SD amounts of total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green tea from all regions comprised 27.13±1.54%, 3.20±0.01%, 0.81±0.66 ppm, 1.54±1.39 ppm, and 0.28±0.20 ppm, respectively, and these amounts in black tea were 14.90±1.53%, 3.20±0.05%, 1.00±0.79 ppm, 1.65±0.93 ppm, and 0.24±0.15 ppm, respectively. Conclusion: The content of total phenol and lead in tea was different in various regions of Gilan Province. Green tea contains more phenolic compounds than black tea, but the caffeine in green and black tea is almost equal. The amounts of cadmium and chromium in some Gilan Province areas are higher than the standard level, which needs to be investigated. caffeine phenol lead cadmium chromium camellia sinensis Therapeutics. Pharmacology Mohammad Hossein Hosseinzadeh verfasserin aut Mansoureh Boustani verfasserin aut Emran Habibi verfasserin aut In Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 2017 8(2022), 1, Seite 23-30 (DE-627)845527452 (DE-600)2843863-2 24234494 nnns volume:8 year:2022 number:1 pages:23-30 https://doaj.org/article/0564f34bc5c74c98be85d95373353c17 kostenfrei http://pbr.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-414-en.html kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2423-4494 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2022 1 23-30
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authorswithroles_txt_mv	Mohammad Shokrzadeh @@aut@@ Mohammad Hossein Hosseinzadeh @@aut@@ Mansoureh Boustani @@aut@@ Emran Habibi @@aut@@
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These effects are due to caffeine and phenolic compounds in tea. Also, most of the tea in Iran is planted in Gilan Province. However, food pollution from heavy metals is one of the most important problems. Objectives: In this research, we measured the total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green and black tea cultivated in Gilan Province. Methods: Ten samples of green and black tea were purchased from different regions of Gilan Province. Methanol and dichloromethane extracts were prepared. Total phenol and caffeine were detected by spectroscopy. Quantification of heavy metals was done by digestion methods and examined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: The Mesn±SD amounts of total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green tea from all regions comprised 27.13±1.54%, 3.20±0.01%, 0.81±0.66 ppm, 1.54±1.39 ppm, and 0.28±0.20 ppm, respectively, and these amounts in black tea were 14.90±1.53%, 3.20±0.05%, 1.00±0.79 ppm, 1.65±0.93 ppm, and 0.24±0.15 ppm, respectively. Conclusion: The content of total phenol and lead in tea was different in various regions of Gilan Province. Green tea contains more phenolic compounds than black tea, but the caffeine in green and black tea is almost equal. 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callnumber-first	R - Medicine
author	Mohammad Shokrzadeh
spellingShingle	Mohammad Shokrzadeh misc RM1-950 misc caffeine misc phenol misc lead misc cadmium misc chromium misc camellia sinensis misc Therapeutics. Pharmacology Determination of Caffeine, Total Phenol, and Heavy Metals Content in Green and Black Tea Collected From Gilan Province, Iran by spectroscopic method
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topic_title	RM1-950 Determination of Caffeine, Total Phenol, and Heavy Metals Content in Green and Black Tea Collected From Gilan Province, Iran by spectroscopic method caffeine phenol lead cadmium chromium camellia sinensis
topic	misc RM1-950 misc caffeine misc phenol misc lead misc cadmium misc chromium misc camellia sinensis misc Therapeutics. Pharmacology
topic_unstemmed	misc RM1-950 misc caffeine misc phenol misc lead misc cadmium misc chromium misc camellia sinensis misc Therapeutics. Pharmacology
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title	Determination of Caffeine, Total Phenol, and Heavy Metals Content in Green and Black Tea Collected From Gilan Province, Iran by spectroscopic method
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title_full	Determination of Caffeine, Total Phenol, and Heavy Metals Content in Green and Black Tea Collected From Gilan Province, Iran by spectroscopic method
author_sort	Mohammad Shokrzadeh
journal	Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research
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author_browse	Mohammad Shokrzadeh Mohammad Hossein Hosseinzadeh Mansoureh Boustani Emran Habibi
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author-letter	Mohammad Shokrzadeh
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title_sort	determination of caffeine, total phenol, and heavy metals content in green and black tea collected from gilan province, iran by spectroscopic method
callnumber	RM1-950
title_auth	Determination of Caffeine, Total Phenol, and Heavy Metals Content in Green and Black Tea Collected From Gilan Province, Iran by spectroscopic method
abstract	Background: Because of its stimulating and valuable effects, tea is the most commonly used beverage in the world after water. These effects are due to caffeine and phenolic compounds in tea. Also, most of the tea in Iran is planted in Gilan Province. However, food pollution from heavy metals is one of the most important problems. Objectives: In this research, we measured the total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green and black tea cultivated in Gilan Province. Methods: Ten samples of green and black tea were purchased from different regions of Gilan Province. Methanol and dichloromethane extracts were prepared. Total phenol and caffeine were detected by spectroscopy. Quantification of heavy metals was done by digestion methods and examined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: The Mesn±SD amounts of total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green tea from all regions comprised 27.13±1.54%, 3.20±0.01%, 0.81±0.66 ppm, 1.54±1.39 ppm, and 0.28±0.20 ppm, respectively, and these amounts in black tea were 14.90±1.53%, 3.20±0.05%, 1.00±0.79 ppm, 1.65±0.93 ppm, and 0.24±0.15 ppm, respectively. Conclusion: The content of total phenol and lead in tea was different in various regions of Gilan Province. Green tea contains more phenolic compounds than black tea, but the caffeine in green and black tea is almost equal. The amounts of cadmium and chromium in some Gilan Province areas are higher than the standard level, which needs to be investigated.
abstractGer	Background: Because of its stimulating and valuable effects, tea is the most commonly used beverage in the world after water. These effects are due to caffeine and phenolic compounds in tea. Also, most of the tea in Iran is planted in Gilan Province. However, food pollution from heavy metals is one of the most important problems. Objectives: In this research, we measured the total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green and black tea cultivated in Gilan Province. Methods: Ten samples of green and black tea were purchased from different regions of Gilan Province. Methanol and dichloromethane extracts were prepared. Total phenol and caffeine were detected by spectroscopy. Quantification of heavy metals was done by digestion methods and examined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: The Mesn±SD amounts of total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green tea from all regions comprised 27.13±1.54%, 3.20±0.01%, 0.81±0.66 ppm, 1.54±1.39 ppm, and 0.28±0.20 ppm, respectively, and these amounts in black tea were 14.90±1.53%, 3.20±0.05%, 1.00±0.79 ppm, 1.65±0.93 ppm, and 0.24±0.15 ppm, respectively. Conclusion: The content of total phenol and lead in tea was different in various regions of Gilan Province. Green tea contains more phenolic compounds than black tea, but the caffeine in green and black tea is almost equal. The amounts of cadmium and chromium in some Gilan Province areas are higher than the standard level, which needs to be investigated.
abstract_unstemmed	Background: Because of its stimulating and valuable effects, tea is the most commonly used beverage in the world after water. These effects are due to caffeine and phenolic compounds in tea. Also, most of the tea in Iran is planted in Gilan Province. However, food pollution from heavy metals is one of the most important problems. Objectives: In this research, we measured the total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green and black tea cultivated in Gilan Province. Methods: Ten samples of green and black tea were purchased from different regions of Gilan Province. Methanol and dichloromethane extracts were prepared. Total phenol and caffeine were detected by spectroscopy. Quantification of heavy metals was done by digestion methods and examined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: The Mesn±SD amounts of total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green tea from all regions comprised 27.13±1.54%, 3.20±0.01%, 0.81±0.66 ppm, 1.54±1.39 ppm, and 0.28±0.20 ppm, respectively, and these amounts in black tea were 14.90±1.53%, 3.20±0.05%, 1.00±0.79 ppm, 1.65±0.93 ppm, and 0.24±0.15 ppm, respectively. Conclusion: The content of total phenol and lead in tea was different in various regions of Gilan Province. Green tea contains more phenolic compounds than black tea, but the caffeine in green and black tea is almost equal. The amounts of cadmium and chromium in some Gilan Province areas are higher than the standard level, which needs to be investigated.
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title_short	Determination of Caffeine, Total Phenol, and Heavy Metals Content in Green and Black Tea Collected From Gilan Province, Iran by spectroscopic method
url	https://doaj.org/article/0564f34bc5c74c98be85d95373353c17 http://pbr.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-414-en.html https://doaj.org/toc/2423-4494
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author2	Mohammad Hossein Hosseinzadeh Mansoureh Boustani Emran Habibi
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up_date	2024-07-04T01:31:32.098Z
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Results: The Mesn±SD amounts of total phenolic content, caffeine, lead, cadmium, and chromium in green tea from all regions comprised 27.13±1.54%, 3.20±0.01%, 0.81±0.66 ppm, 1.54±1.39 ppm, and 0.28±0.20 ppm, respectively, and these amounts in black tea were 14.90±1.53%, 3.20±0.05%, 1.00±0.79 ppm, 1.65±0.93 ppm, and 0.24±0.15 ppm, respectively. Conclusion: The content of total phenol and lead in tea was different in various regions of Gilan Province. Green tea contains more phenolic compounds than black tea, but the caffeine in green and black tea is almost equal. 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Determination of Caffeine, Total Phenol, and Heavy Metals Content in Green and Black Tea Collected From Gilan Province, Iran by spectroscopic method

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