How to Design a Park and Its Surrounding Urban Morphology to Optimize the Spreading of Cool Air?

Green areas induce smaller increases in the air temperature than built-up areas. They can offer a solution to mitigating the urban heat island impacts during heat waves, since the cool air generated by a park is diffused into its immediate surroundings through forced or natural convection. The purpo...
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Autor*in:	Jérémy Bernard [verfasserIn] Auline Rodler [verfasserIn] Benjamin Morille [verfasserIn] Xueyao Zhang [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2018

Schlagwörter:	park cool island urban cooling urban morphology micro-climate simulations

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Climate - MDPI AG, 2013, 6(2018), 1, p 10
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:6 ; year:2018 ; number:1, p 10

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/cli6010010

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ046406174

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author	Jérémy Bernard
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topic_title	How to Design a Park and Its Surrounding Urban Morphology to Optimize the Spreading of Cool Air? park cool island urban cooling urban morphology micro-climate simulations
topic	misc park cool island misc urban cooling misc urban morphology misc micro-climate simulations misc Science misc Q
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title	How to Design a Park and Its Surrounding Urban Morphology to Optimize the Spreading of Cool Air?
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title_sort	how to design a park and its surrounding urban morphology to optimize the spreading of cool air?
title_auth	How to Design a Park and Its Surrounding Urban Morphology to Optimize the Spreading of Cool Air?
abstract	Green areas induce smaller increases in the air temperature than built-up areas. They can offer a solution to mitigating the urban heat island impacts during heat waves, since the cool air generated by a park is diffused into its immediate surroundings through forced or natural convection. The purpose of this study is to characterize the effect of several variables (park size, morphology of surrounding urban area, and wind speed) on the spreading of cool air. A parametric study is performed to run computational fluid dynamics simulations. The air temperature entering the computational domain was set at 35 °C, and the 2-m high surface included within the 34 °C isotherm was defined as an indicator of cool air spreading. The effects of park shape and orientation were negligible in comparison with size effects. The number of buildings was better correlated with the cooled surface area than the typical urban parameters identified in the literature (i.e., building density, aspect ratio, or mean building height). Since the number of buildings is obviously related to the number of streets, this result suggests that the greater the number of streets around a park, the wider the area that cool air spreads.
abstractGer	Green areas induce smaller increases in the air temperature than built-up areas. They can offer a solution to mitigating the urban heat island impacts during heat waves, since the cool air generated by a park is diffused into its immediate surroundings through forced or natural convection. The purpose of this study is to characterize the effect of several variables (park size, morphology of surrounding urban area, and wind speed) on the spreading of cool air. A parametric study is performed to run computational fluid dynamics simulations. The air temperature entering the computational domain was set at 35 °C, and the 2-m high surface included within the 34 °C isotherm was defined as an indicator of cool air spreading. The effects of park shape and orientation were negligible in comparison with size effects. The number of buildings was better correlated with the cooled surface area than the typical urban parameters identified in the literature (i.e., building density, aspect ratio, or mean building height). Since the number of buildings is obviously related to the number of streets, this result suggests that the greater the number of streets around a park, the wider the area that cool air spreads.
abstract_unstemmed	Green areas induce smaller increases in the air temperature than built-up areas. They can offer a solution to mitigating the urban heat island impacts during heat waves, since the cool air generated by a park is diffused into its immediate surroundings through forced or natural convection. The purpose of this study is to characterize the effect of several variables (park size, morphology of surrounding urban area, and wind speed) on the spreading of cool air. A parametric study is performed to run computational fluid dynamics simulations. The air temperature entering the computational domain was set at 35 °C, and the 2-m high surface included within the 34 °C isotherm was defined as an indicator of cool air spreading. The effects of park shape and orientation were negligible in comparison with size effects. The number of buildings was better correlated with the cooled surface area than the typical urban parameters identified in the literature (i.e., building density, aspect ratio, or mean building height). Since the number of buildings is obviously related to the number of streets, this result suggests that the greater the number of streets around a park, the wider the area that cool air spreads.
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title_short	How to Design a Park and Its Surrounding Urban Morphology to Optimize the Spreading of Cool Air?
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