Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder: findings from 28 research sites in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group

Abstract The goal of this study was to compare brain structure between individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and healthy controls. Previous studies have generated inconsistent findings, possibly due to small sample sizes, or clinical/analytic heterogeneity. To address these concerns, w...
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Autor*in:	Anita Harrewijn [verfasserIn] Elise M. Cardinale [verfasserIn] Nynke A. Groenewold [verfasserIn] Janna Marie Bas-Hoogendam [verfasserIn] Moji Aghajani [verfasserIn] Kevin Hilbert [verfasserIn] Narcis Cardoner [verfasserIn] Daniel Porta-Casteràs [verfasserIn] Savannah Gosnell [verfasserIn] Ramiro Salas [verfasserIn] Andrea P. Jackowski [verfasserIn] Pedro M. Pan [verfasserIn] Giovanni A. Salum [verfasserIn] Karina S. Blair [verfasserIn] James R. Blair [verfasserIn] Mira Z. Hammoud [verfasserIn] Mohammed R. Milad [verfasserIn] Katie L. Burkhouse [verfasserIn] K. Luan Phan [verfasserIn] Heidi K. Schroeder [verfasserIn] Jeffrey R. Strawn [verfasserIn] Katja Beesdo-Baum [verfasserIn] Neda Jahanshad [verfasserIn] Sophia I. Thomopoulos [verfasserIn] Randy Buckner [verfasserIn] Jared A. Nielsen [verfasserIn] Jordan W. Smoller [verfasserIn] Jair C. Soares [verfasserIn] Benson Mwangi [verfasserIn] Mon-Ju Wu [verfasserIn] Giovana B. Zunta-Soares [verfasserIn] Michal Assaf [verfasserIn] Gretchen J. Diefenbach [verfasserIn] Paolo Brambilla [verfasserIn] Eleonora Maggioni [verfasserIn] David Hofmann [verfasserIn] Thomas Straube [verfasserIn] Carmen Andreescu [verfasserIn] Rachel Berta [verfasserIn] Erica Tamburo [verfasserIn] Rebecca B. Price [verfasserIn] Gisele G. Manfro [verfasserIn] Federica Agosta [verfasserIn] Elisa Canu [verfasserIn] Camilla Cividini [verfasserIn] Massimo Filippi [verfasserIn] Milutin Kostić [verfasserIn] Ana Munjiza Jovanovic [verfasserIn] Bianca A. V. Alberton [verfasserIn] Brenda Benson [verfasserIn] Gabrielle F. Freitag [verfasserIn] Courtney A. Filippi [verfasserIn] Andrea L. Gold [verfasserIn] Ellen Leibenluft [verfasserIn] Grace V. Ringlein [verfasserIn] Kathryn E. Werwath [verfasserIn] Hannah Zwiebel [verfasserIn] André Zugman [verfasserIn] Hans J. Grabe [verfasserIn] Sandra Van der Auwera [verfasserIn] Katharina Wittfeld [verfasserIn] Henry Völzke [verfasserIn] Robin Bülow [verfasserIn] Nicholas L. Balderston [verfasserIn] Monique Ernst [verfasserIn] Christian Grillon [verfasserIn] Lilianne R. Mujica-Parodi [verfasserIn] Helena van Nieuwenhuizen [verfasserIn] Hugo D. Critchley [verfasserIn] Elena Makovac [verfasserIn] Matteo Mancini [verfasserIn] Frances Meeten [verfasserIn] Cristina Ottaviani [verfasserIn] Tali M. Ball [verfasserIn] Gregory A. Fonzo [verfasserIn] Martin P. Paulus [verfasserIn] Murray B. Stein [verfasserIn] Raquel E. Gur [verfasserIn] Ruben C. Gur [verfasserIn] Antonia N. Kaczkurkin [verfasserIn] Bart Larsen [verfasserIn] Theodore D. Satterthwaite [verfasserIn] Jennifer Harper [verfasserIn] Michael Myers [verfasserIn] Michael T. Perino [verfasserIn] Chad M. Sylvester [verfasserIn] Qiongru Yu [verfasserIn] Ulrike Lueken [verfasserIn] Dick J. Veltman [verfasserIn] Paul M. Thompson [verfasserIn] Dan J. Stein [verfasserIn] Nic J. A. Van der Wee [verfasserIn] Anderson M. Winkler [verfasserIn] Daniel S. Pine [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Translational Psychiatry - Nature Publishing Group, 2012, 11(2021), 1, Seite 15
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:11 ; year:2021 ; number:1 ; pages:15

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ048861790

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245	1	0	\|a Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder: findings from 28 research sites in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group
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520			\|a Abstract The goal of this study was to compare brain structure between individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and healthy controls. Previous studies have generated inconsistent findings, possibly due to small sample sizes, or clinical/analytic heterogeneity. To address these concerns, we combined data from 28 research sites worldwide through the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group, using a single, pre-registered mega-analysis. Structural magnetic resonance imaging data from children and adults (5–90 years) were processed using FreeSurfer. The main analysis included the regional and vertex-wise cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and subcortical volume as dependent variables, and GAD, age, age-squared, sex, and their interactions as independent variables. Nuisance variables included IQ, years of education, medication use, comorbidities, and global brain measures. The main analysis (1020 individuals with GAD and 2999 healthy controls) included random slopes per site and random intercepts per scanner. A secondary analysis (1112 individuals with GAD and 3282 healthy controls) included fixed slopes and random intercepts per scanner with the same variables. The main analysis showed no effect of GAD on brain structure, nor interactions involving GAD, age, or sex. The secondary analysis showed increased volume in the right ventral diencephalon in male individuals with GAD compared to male healthy controls, whereas female individuals with GAD did not differ from female healthy controls. This mega-analysis combining worldwide data showed that differences in brain structure related to GAD are small, possibly reflecting heterogeneity or those structural alterations are not a major component of its pathophysiology.
653		0	\|a Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
700	0		\|a Elise M. Cardinale \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Nynke A. Groenewold \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Janna Marie Bas-Hoogendam \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Moji Aghajani \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Kevin Hilbert \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Narcis Cardoner \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Daniel Porta-Casteràs \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
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700	0		\|a Ramiro Salas \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
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700	0		\|a Jordan W. Smoller \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Jair C. Soares \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Benson Mwangi \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
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700	0		\|a Gabrielle F. Freitag \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Courtney A. Filippi \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
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allfields	10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1 doi (DE-627)DOAJ048861790 (DE-599)DOAJ9d17f9f8582240abad7553d20434e213 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC321-571 Anita Harrewijn verfasserin aut Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder: findings from 28 research sites in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract The goal of this study was to compare brain structure between individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and healthy controls. Previous studies have generated inconsistent findings, possibly due to small sample sizes, or clinical/analytic heterogeneity. To address these concerns, we combined data from 28 research sites worldwide through the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group, using a single, pre-registered mega-analysis. Structural magnetic resonance imaging data from children and adults (5–90 years) were processed using FreeSurfer. The main analysis included the regional and vertex-wise cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and subcortical volume as dependent variables, and GAD, age, age-squared, sex, and their interactions as independent variables. Nuisance variables included IQ, years of education, medication use, comorbidities, and global brain measures. The main analysis (1020 individuals with GAD and 2999 healthy controls) included random slopes per site and random intercepts per scanner. A secondary analysis (1112 individuals with GAD and 3282 healthy controls) included fixed slopes and random intercepts per scanner with the same variables. The main analysis showed no effect of GAD on brain structure, nor interactions involving GAD, age, or sex. The secondary analysis showed increased volume in the right ventral diencephalon in male individuals with GAD compared to male healthy controls, whereas female individuals with GAD did not differ from female healthy controls. This mega-analysis combining worldwide data showed that differences in brain structure related to GAD are small, possibly reflecting heterogeneity or those structural alterations are not a major component of its pathophysiology. Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry Elise M. Cardinale verfasserin aut Nynke A. Groenewold verfasserin aut Janna Marie Bas-Hoogendam verfasserin aut Moji Aghajani verfasserin aut Kevin Hilbert verfasserin aut Narcis Cardoner verfasserin aut Daniel Porta-Casteràs verfasserin aut Savannah Gosnell verfasserin aut Ramiro Salas verfasserin aut Andrea P. Jackowski verfasserin aut Pedro M. Pan verfasserin aut Giovanni A. Salum verfasserin aut Karina S. Blair verfasserin aut James R. Blair verfasserin aut Mira Z. Hammoud verfasserin aut Mohammed R. Milad verfasserin aut Katie L. Burkhouse verfasserin aut K. Luan Phan verfasserin aut Heidi K. Schroeder verfasserin aut Jeffrey R. Strawn verfasserin aut Katja Beesdo-Baum verfasserin aut Neda Jahanshad verfasserin aut Sophia I. Thomopoulos verfasserin aut Randy Buckner verfasserin aut Jared A. Nielsen verfasserin aut Jordan W. Smoller verfasserin aut Jair C. Soares verfasserin aut Benson Mwangi verfasserin aut Mon-Ju Wu verfasserin aut Giovana B. Zunta-Soares verfasserin aut Michal Assaf verfasserin aut Gretchen J. Diefenbach verfasserin aut Paolo Brambilla verfasserin aut Eleonora Maggioni verfasserin aut David Hofmann verfasserin aut Thomas Straube verfasserin aut Carmen Andreescu verfasserin aut Rachel Berta verfasserin aut Erica Tamburo verfasserin aut Rebecca B. Price verfasserin aut Gisele G. Manfro verfasserin aut Federica Agosta verfasserin aut Elisa Canu verfasserin aut Camilla Cividini verfasserin aut Massimo Filippi verfasserin aut Milutin Kostić verfasserin aut Ana Munjiza Jovanovic verfasserin aut Bianca A. V. Alberton verfasserin aut Brenda Benson verfasserin aut Gabrielle F. Freitag verfasserin aut Courtney A. Filippi verfasserin aut Andrea L. Gold verfasserin aut Ellen Leibenluft verfasserin aut Grace V. Ringlein verfasserin aut Kathryn E. Werwath verfasserin aut Hannah Zwiebel verfasserin aut André Zugman verfasserin aut Hans J. Grabe verfasserin aut Sandra Van der Auwera verfasserin aut Katharina Wittfeld verfasserin aut Henry Völzke verfasserin aut Robin Bülow verfasserin aut Nicholas L. Balderston verfasserin aut Monique Ernst verfasserin aut Christian Grillon verfasserin aut Lilianne R. Mujica-Parodi verfasserin aut Helena van Nieuwenhuizen verfasserin aut Hugo D. Critchley verfasserin aut Elena Makovac verfasserin aut Matteo Mancini verfasserin aut Frances Meeten verfasserin aut Cristina Ottaviani verfasserin aut Tali M. Ball verfasserin aut Gregory A. Fonzo verfasserin aut Martin P. Paulus verfasserin aut Murray B. Stein verfasserin aut Raquel E. Gur verfasserin aut Ruben C. Gur verfasserin aut Antonia N. Kaczkurkin verfasserin aut Bart Larsen verfasserin aut Theodore D. Satterthwaite verfasserin aut Jennifer Harper verfasserin aut Michael Myers verfasserin aut Michael T. Perino verfasserin aut Chad M. Sylvester verfasserin aut Qiongru Yu verfasserin aut Ulrike Lueken verfasserin aut Dick J. Veltman verfasserin aut Paul M. Thompson verfasserin aut Dan J. Stein verfasserin aut Nic J. A. Van der Wee verfasserin aut Anderson M. Winkler verfasserin aut Daniel S. Pine verfasserin aut In Translational Psychiatry Nature Publishing Group, 2012 11(2021), 1, Seite 15 (DE-627)660807378 (DE-600)2609311-X 21583188 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:1 pages:15 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9d17f9f8582240abad7553d20434e213 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2158-3188 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 1 15
spelling	10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1 doi (DE-627)DOAJ048861790 (DE-599)DOAJ9d17f9f8582240abad7553d20434e213 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC321-571 Anita Harrewijn verfasserin aut Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder: findings from 28 research sites in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract The goal of this study was to compare brain structure between individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and healthy controls. Previous studies have generated inconsistent findings, possibly due to small sample sizes, or clinical/analytic heterogeneity. To address these concerns, we combined data from 28 research sites worldwide through the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group, using a single, pre-registered mega-analysis. Structural magnetic resonance imaging data from children and adults (5–90 years) were processed using FreeSurfer. The main analysis included the regional and vertex-wise cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and subcortical volume as dependent variables, and GAD, age, age-squared, sex, and their interactions as independent variables. Nuisance variables included IQ, years of education, medication use, comorbidities, and global brain measures. The main analysis (1020 individuals with GAD and 2999 healthy controls) included random slopes per site and random intercepts per scanner. A secondary analysis (1112 individuals with GAD and 3282 healthy controls) included fixed slopes and random intercepts per scanner with the same variables. The main analysis showed no effect of GAD on brain structure, nor interactions involving GAD, age, or sex. The secondary analysis showed increased volume in the right ventral diencephalon in male individuals with GAD compared to male healthy controls, whereas female individuals with GAD did not differ from female healthy controls. This mega-analysis combining worldwide data showed that differences in brain structure related to GAD are small, possibly reflecting heterogeneity or those structural alterations are not a major component of its pathophysiology. Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry Elise M. Cardinale verfasserin aut Nynke A. Groenewold verfasserin aut Janna Marie Bas-Hoogendam verfasserin aut Moji Aghajani verfasserin aut Kevin Hilbert verfasserin aut Narcis Cardoner verfasserin aut Daniel Porta-Casteràs verfasserin aut Savannah Gosnell verfasserin aut Ramiro Salas verfasserin aut Andrea P. Jackowski verfasserin aut Pedro M. Pan verfasserin aut Giovanni A. Salum verfasserin aut Karina S. Blair verfasserin aut James R. Blair verfasserin aut Mira Z. Hammoud verfasserin aut Mohammed R. Milad verfasserin aut Katie L. Burkhouse verfasserin aut K. Luan Phan verfasserin aut Heidi K. Schroeder verfasserin aut Jeffrey R. Strawn verfasserin aut Katja Beesdo-Baum verfasserin aut Neda Jahanshad verfasserin aut Sophia I. Thomopoulos verfasserin aut Randy Buckner verfasserin aut Jared A. Nielsen verfasserin aut Jordan W. Smoller verfasserin aut Jair C. Soares verfasserin aut Benson Mwangi verfasserin aut Mon-Ju Wu verfasserin aut Giovana B. Zunta-Soares verfasserin aut Michal Assaf verfasserin aut Gretchen J. Diefenbach verfasserin aut Paolo Brambilla verfasserin aut Eleonora Maggioni verfasserin aut David Hofmann verfasserin aut Thomas Straube verfasserin aut Carmen Andreescu verfasserin aut Rachel Berta verfasserin aut Erica Tamburo verfasserin aut Rebecca B. Price verfasserin aut Gisele G. Manfro verfasserin aut Federica Agosta verfasserin aut Elisa Canu verfasserin aut Camilla Cividini verfasserin aut Massimo Filippi verfasserin aut Milutin Kostić verfasserin aut Ana Munjiza Jovanovic verfasserin aut Bianca A. V. Alberton verfasserin aut Brenda Benson verfasserin aut Gabrielle F. Freitag verfasserin aut Courtney A. Filippi verfasserin aut Andrea L. Gold verfasserin aut Ellen Leibenluft verfasserin aut Grace V. Ringlein verfasserin aut Kathryn E. Werwath verfasserin aut Hannah Zwiebel verfasserin aut André Zugman verfasserin aut Hans J. Grabe verfasserin aut Sandra Van der Auwera verfasserin aut Katharina Wittfeld verfasserin aut Henry Völzke verfasserin aut Robin Bülow verfasserin aut Nicholas L. Balderston verfasserin aut Monique Ernst verfasserin aut Christian Grillon verfasserin aut Lilianne R. Mujica-Parodi verfasserin aut Helena van Nieuwenhuizen verfasserin aut Hugo D. Critchley verfasserin aut Elena Makovac verfasserin aut Matteo Mancini verfasserin aut Frances Meeten verfasserin aut Cristina Ottaviani verfasserin aut Tali M. Ball verfasserin aut Gregory A. Fonzo verfasserin aut Martin P. Paulus verfasserin aut Murray B. Stein verfasserin aut Raquel E. Gur verfasserin aut Ruben C. Gur verfasserin aut Antonia N. Kaczkurkin verfasserin aut Bart Larsen verfasserin aut Theodore D. Satterthwaite verfasserin aut Jennifer Harper verfasserin aut Michael Myers verfasserin aut Michael T. Perino verfasserin aut Chad M. Sylvester verfasserin aut Qiongru Yu verfasserin aut Ulrike Lueken verfasserin aut Dick J. Veltman verfasserin aut Paul M. Thompson verfasserin aut Dan J. Stein verfasserin aut Nic J. A. Van der Wee verfasserin aut Anderson M. Winkler verfasserin aut Daniel S. Pine verfasserin aut In Translational Psychiatry Nature Publishing Group, 2012 11(2021), 1, Seite 15 (DE-627)660807378 (DE-600)2609311-X 21583188 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:1 pages:15 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9d17f9f8582240abad7553d20434e213 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2158-3188 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 1 15
allfields_unstemmed	10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1 doi (DE-627)DOAJ048861790 (DE-599)DOAJ9d17f9f8582240abad7553d20434e213 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC321-571 Anita Harrewijn verfasserin aut Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder: findings from 28 research sites in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract The goal of this study was to compare brain structure between individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and healthy controls. Previous studies have generated inconsistent findings, possibly due to small sample sizes, or clinical/analytic heterogeneity. To address these concerns, we combined data from 28 research sites worldwide through the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group, using a single, pre-registered mega-analysis. Structural magnetic resonance imaging data from children and adults (5–90 years) were processed using FreeSurfer. The main analysis included the regional and vertex-wise cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and subcortical volume as dependent variables, and GAD, age, age-squared, sex, and their interactions as independent variables. Nuisance variables included IQ, years of education, medication use, comorbidities, and global brain measures. The main analysis (1020 individuals with GAD and 2999 healthy controls) included random slopes per site and random intercepts per scanner. A secondary analysis (1112 individuals with GAD and 3282 healthy controls) included fixed slopes and random intercepts per scanner with the same variables. The main analysis showed no effect of GAD on brain structure, nor interactions involving GAD, age, or sex. The secondary analysis showed increased volume in the right ventral diencephalon in male individuals with GAD compared to male healthy controls, whereas female individuals with GAD did not differ from female healthy controls. This mega-analysis combining worldwide data showed that differences in brain structure related to GAD are small, possibly reflecting heterogeneity or those structural alterations are not a major component of its pathophysiology. Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry Elise M. Cardinale verfasserin aut Nynke A. Groenewold verfasserin aut Janna Marie Bas-Hoogendam verfasserin aut Moji Aghajani verfasserin aut Kevin Hilbert verfasserin aut Narcis Cardoner verfasserin aut Daniel Porta-Casteràs verfasserin aut Savannah Gosnell verfasserin aut Ramiro Salas verfasserin aut Andrea P. Jackowski verfasserin aut Pedro M. Pan verfasserin aut Giovanni A. Salum verfasserin aut Karina S. Blair verfasserin aut James R. Blair verfasserin aut Mira Z. Hammoud verfasserin aut Mohammed R. Milad verfasserin aut Katie L. Burkhouse verfasserin aut K. Luan Phan verfasserin aut Heidi K. Schroeder verfasserin aut Jeffrey R. Strawn verfasserin aut Katja Beesdo-Baum verfasserin aut Neda Jahanshad verfasserin aut Sophia I. Thomopoulos verfasserin aut Randy Buckner verfasserin aut Jared A. Nielsen verfasserin aut Jordan W. Smoller verfasserin aut Jair C. Soares verfasserin aut Benson Mwangi verfasserin aut Mon-Ju Wu verfasserin aut Giovana B. Zunta-Soares verfasserin aut Michal Assaf verfasserin aut Gretchen J. Diefenbach verfasserin aut Paolo Brambilla verfasserin aut Eleonora Maggioni verfasserin aut David Hofmann verfasserin aut Thomas Straube verfasserin aut Carmen Andreescu verfasserin aut Rachel Berta verfasserin aut Erica Tamburo verfasserin aut Rebecca B. Price verfasserin aut Gisele G. Manfro verfasserin aut Federica Agosta verfasserin aut Elisa Canu verfasserin aut Camilla Cividini verfasserin aut Massimo Filippi verfasserin aut Milutin Kostić verfasserin aut Ana Munjiza Jovanovic verfasserin aut Bianca A. V. Alberton verfasserin aut Brenda Benson verfasserin aut Gabrielle F. Freitag verfasserin aut Courtney A. Filippi verfasserin aut Andrea L. Gold verfasserin aut Ellen Leibenluft verfasserin aut Grace V. Ringlein verfasserin aut Kathryn E. Werwath verfasserin aut Hannah Zwiebel verfasserin aut André Zugman verfasserin aut Hans J. Grabe verfasserin aut Sandra Van der Auwera verfasserin aut Katharina Wittfeld verfasserin aut Henry Völzke verfasserin aut Robin Bülow verfasserin aut Nicholas L. Balderston verfasserin aut Monique Ernst verfasserin aut Christian Grillon verfasserin aut Lilianne R. Mujica-Parodi verfasserin aut Helena van Nieuwenhuizen verfasserin aut Hugo D. Critchley verfasserin aut Elena Makovac verfasserin aut Matteo Mancini verfasserin aut Frances Meeten verfasserin aut Cristina Ottaviani verfasserin aut Tali M. Ball verfasserin aut Gregory A. Fonzo verfasserin aut Martin P. Paulus verfasserin aut Murray B. Stein verfasserin aut Raquel E. Gur verfasserin aut Ruben C. Gur verfasserin aut Antonia N. Kaczkurkin verfasserin aut Bart Larsen verfasserin aut Theodore D. Satterthwaite verfasserin aut Jennifer Harper verfasserin aut Michael Myers verfasserin aut Michael T. Perino verfasserin aut Chad M. Sylvester verfasserin aut Qiongru Yu verfasserin aut Ulrike Lueken verfasserin aut Dick J. Veltman verfasserin aut Paul M. Thompson verfasserin aut Dan J. Stein verfasserin aut Nic J. A. Van der Wee verfasserin aut Anderson M. Winkler verfasserin aut Daniel S. Pine verfasserin aut In Translational Psychiatry Nature Publishing Group, 2012 11(2021), 1, Seite 15 (DE-627)660807378 (DE-600)2609311-X 21583188 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:1 pages:15 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9d17f9f8582240abad7553d20434e213 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2158-3188 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 1 15
allfieldsGer	10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1 doi (DE-627)DOAJ048861790 (DE-599)DOAJ9d17f9f8582240abad7553d20434e213 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC321-571 Anita Harrewijn verfasserin aut Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder: findings from 28 research sites in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract The goal of this study was to compare brain structure between individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and healthy controls. Previous studies have generated inconsistent findings, possibly due to small sample sizes, or clinical/analytic heterogeneity. To address these concerns, we combined data from 28 research sites worldwide through the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group, using a single, pre-registered mega-analysis. Structural magnetic resonance imaging data from children and adults (5–90 years) were processed using FreeSurfer. The main analysis included the regional and vertex-wise cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and subcortical volume as dependent variables, and GAD, age, age-squared, sex, and their interactions as independent variables. Nuisance variables included IQ, years of education, medication use, comorbidities, and global brain measures. The main analysis (1020 individuals with GAD and 2999 healthy controls) included random slopes per site and random intercepts per scanner. A secondary analysis (1112 individuals with GAD and 3282 healthy controls) included fixed slopes and random intercepts per scanner with the same variables. The main analysis showed no effect of GAD on brain structure, nor interactions involving GAD, age, or sex. The secondary analysis showed increased volume in the right ventral diencephalon in male individuals with GAD compared to male healthy controls, whereas female individuals with GAD did not differ from female healthy controls. This mega-analysis combining worldwide data showed that differences in brain structure related to GAD are small, possibly reflecting heterogeneity or those structural alterations are not a major component of its pathophysiology. Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry Elise M. Cardinale verfasserin aut Nynke A. Groenewold verfasserin aut Janna Marie Bas-Hoogendam verfasserin aut Moji Aghajani verfasserin aut Kevin Hilbert verfasserin aut Narcis Cardoner verfasserin aut Daniel Porta-Casteràs verfasserin aut Savannah Gosnell verfasserin aut Ramiro Salas verfasserin aut Andrea P. Jackowski verfasserin aut Pedro M. Pan verfasserin aut Giovanni A. Salum verfasserin aut Karina S. Blair verfasserin aut James R. Blair verfasserin aut Mira Z. Hammoud verfasserin aut Mohammed R. Milad verfasserin aut Katie L. Burkhouse verfasserin aut K. Luan Phan verfasserin aut Heidi K. Schroeder verfasserin aut Jeffrey R. Strawn verfasserin aut Katja Beesdo-Baum verfasserin aut Neda Jahanshad verfasserin aut Sophia I. Thomopoulos verfasserin aut Randy Buckner verfasserin aut Jared A. Nielsen verfasserin aut Jordan W. Smoller verfasserin aut Jair C. Soares verfasserin aut Benson Mwangi verfasserin aut Mon-Ju Wu verfasserin aut Giovana B. Zunta-Soares verfasserin aut Michal Assaf verfasserin aut Gretchen J. Diefenbach verfasserin aut Paolo Brambilla verfasserin aut Eleonora Maggioni verfasserin aut David Hofmann verfasserin aut Thomas Straube verfasserin aut Carmen Andreescu verfasserin aut Rachel Berta verfasserin aut Erica Tamburo verfasserin aut Rebecca B. Price verfasserin aut Gisele G. Manfro verfasserin aut Federica Agosta verfasserin aut Elisa Canu verfasserin aut Camilla Cividini verfasserin aut Massimo Filippi verfasserin aut Milutin Kostić verfasserin aut Ana Munjiza Jovanovic verfasserin aut Bianca A. V. Alberton verfasserin aut Brenda Benson verfasserin aut Gabrielle F. Freitag verfasserin aut Courtney A. Filippi verfasserin aut Andrea L. Gold verfasserin aut Ellen Leibenluft verfasserin aut Grace V. Ringlein verfasserin aut Kathryn E. Werwath verfasserin aut Hannah Zwiebel verfasserin aut André Zugman verfasserin aut Hans J. Grabe verfasserin aut Sandra Van der Auwera verfasserin aut Katharina Wittfeld verfasserin aut Henry Völzke verfasserin aut Robin Bülow verfasserin aut Nicholas L. Balderston verfasserin aut Monique Ernst verfasserin aut Christian Grillon verfasserin aut Lilianne R. Mujica-Parodi verfasserin aut Helena van Nieuwenhuizen verfasserin aut Hugo D. Critchley verfasserin aut Elena Makovac verfasserin aut Matteo Mancini verfasserin aut Frances Meeten verfasserin aut Cristina Ottaviani verfasserin aut Tali M. Ball verfasserin aut Gregory A. Fonzo verfasserin aut Martin P. Paulus verfasserin aut Murray B. Stein verfasserin aut Raquel E. Gur verfasserin aut Ruben C. Gur verfasserin aut Antonia N. Kaczkurkin verfasserin aut Bart Larsen verfasserin aut Theodore D. Satterthwaite verfasserin aut Jennifer Harper verfasserin aut Michael Myers verfasserin aut Michael T. Perino verfasserin aut Chad M. Sylvester verfasserin aut Qiongru Yu verfasserin aut Ulrike Lueken verfasserin aut Dick J. Veltman verfasserin aut Paul M. Thompson verfasserin aut Dan J. Stein verfasserin aut Nic J. A. Van der Wee verfasserin aut Anderson M. Winkler verfasserin aut Daniel S. Pine verfasserin aut In Translational Psychiatry Nature Publishing Group, 2012 11(2021), 1, Seite 15 (DE-627)660807378 (DE-600)2609311-X 21583188 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:1 pages:15 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9d17f9f8582240abad7553d20434e213 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2158-3188 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 1 15
allfieldsSound	10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1 doi (DE-627)DOAJ048861790 (DE-599)DOAJ9d17f9f8582240abad7553d20434e213 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC321-571 Anita Harrewijn verfasserin aut Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder: findings from 28 research sites in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract The goal of this study was to compare brain structure between individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and healthy controls. Previous studies have generated inconsistent findings, possibly due to small sample sizes, or clinical/analytic heterogeneity. To address these concerns, we combined data from 28 research sites worldwide through the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group, using a single, pre-registered mega-analysis. Structural magnetic resonance imaging data from children and adults (5–90 years) were processed using FreeSurfer. The main analysis included the regional and vertex-wise cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and subcortical volume as dependent variables, and GAD, age, age-squared, sex, and their interactions as independent variables. Nuisance variables included IQ, years of education, medication use, comorbidities, and global brain measures. The main analysis (1020 individuals with GAD and 2999 healthy controls) included random slopes per site and random intercepts per scanner. A secondary analysis (1112 individuals with GAD and 3282 healthy controls) included fixed slopes and random intercepts per scanner with the same variables. The main analysis showed no effect of GAD on brain structure, nor interactions involving GAD, age, or sex. The secondary analysis showed increased volume in the right ventral diencephalon in male individuals with GAD compared to male healthy controls, whereas female individuals with GAD did not differ from female healthy controls. This mega-analysis combining worldwide data showed that differences in brain structure related to GAD are small, possibly reflecting heterogeneity or those structural alterations are not a major component of its pathophysiology. Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry Elise M. Cardinale verfasserin aut Nynke A. Groenewold verfasserin aut Janna Marie Bas-Hoogendam verfasserin aut Moji Aghajani verfasserin aut Kevin Hilbert verfasserin aut Narcis Cardoner verfasserin aut Daniel Porta-Casteràs verfasserin aut Savannah Gosnell verfasserin aut Ramiro Salas verfasserin aut Andrea P. Jackowski verfasserin aut Pedro M. Pan verfasserin aut Giovanni A. Salum verfasserin aut Karina S. Blair verfasserin aut James R. Blair verfasserin aut Mira Z. Hammoud verfasserin aut Mohammed R. Milad verfasserin aut Katie L. Burkhouse verfasserin aut K. Luan Phan verfasserin aut Heidi K. Schroeder verfasserin aut Jeffrey R. Strawn verfasserin aut Katja Beesdo-Baum verfasserin aut Neda Jahanshad verfasserin aut Sophia I. Thomopoulos verfasserin aut Randy Buckner verfasserin aut Jared A. Nielsen verfasserin aut Jordan W. Smoller verfasserin aut Jair C. Soares verfasserin aut Benson Mwangi verfasserin aut Mon-Ju Wu verfasserin aut Giovana B. Zunta-Soares verfasserin aut Michal Assaf verfasserin aut Gretchen J. Diefenbach verfasserin aut Paolo Brambilla verfasserin aut Eleonora Maggioni verfasserin aut David Hofmann verfasserin aut Thomas Straube verfasserin aut Carmen Andreescu verfasserin aut Rachel Berta verfasserin aut Erica Tamburo verfasserin aut Rebecca B. Price verfasserin aut Gisele G. Manfro verfasserin aut Federica Agosta verfasserin aut Elisa Canu verfasserin aut Camilla Cividini verfasserin aut Massimo Filippi verfasserin aut Milutin Kostić verfasserin aut Ana Munjiza Jovanovic verfasserin aut Bianca A. V. Alberton verfasserin aut Brenda Benson verfasserin aut Gabrielle F. Freitag verfasserin aut Courtney A. Filippi verfasserin aut Andrea L. Gold verfasserin aut Ellen Leibenluft verfasserin aut Grace V. Ringlein verfasserin aut Kathryn E. Werwath verfasserin aut Hannah Zwiebel verfasserin aut André Zugman verfasserin aut Hans J. Grabe verfasserin aut Sandra Van der Auwera verfasserin aut Katharina Wittfeld verfasserin aut Henry Völzke verfasserin aut Robin Bülow verfasserin aut Nicholas L. Balderston verfasserin aut Monique Ernst verfasserin aut Christian Grillon verfasserin aut Lilianne R. Mujica-Parodi verfasserin aut Helena van Nieuwenhuizen verfasserin aut Hugo D. Critchley verfasserin aut Elena Makovac verfasserin aut Matteo Mancini verfasserin aut Frances Meeten verfasserin aut Cristina Ottaviani verfasserin aut Tali M. Ball verfasserin aut Gregory A. Fonzo verfasserin aut Martin P. Paulus verfasserin aut Murray B. Stein verfasserin aut Raquel E. Gur verfasserin aut Ruben C. Gur verfasserin aut Antonia N. Kaczkurkin verfasserin aut Bart Larsen verfasserin aut Theodore D. Satterthwaite verfasserin aut Jennifer Harper verfasserin aut Michael Myers verfasserin aut Michael T. Perino verfasserin aut Chad M. Sylvester verfasserin aut Qiongru Yu verfasserin aut Ulrike Lueken verfasserin aut Dick J. Veltman verfasserin aut Paul M. Thompson verfasserin aut Dan J. Stein verfasserin aut Nic J. A. Van der Wee verfasserin aut Anderson M. Winkler verfasserin aut Daniel S. Pine verfasserin aut In Translational Psychiatry Nature Publishing Group, 2012 11(2021), 1, Seite 15 (DE-627)660807378 (DE-600)2609311-X 21583188 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:1 pages:15 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9d17f9f8582240abad7553d20434e213 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2158-3188 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 1 15
language	English
source	In Translational Psychiatry 11(2021), 1, Seite 15 volume:11 year:2021 number:1 pages:15
sourceStr	In Translational Psychiatry 11(2021), 1, Seite 15 volume:11 year:2021 number:1 pages:15
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topic_facet	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
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container_title	Translational Psychiatry
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Anita Harrewijn @@aut@@ Elise M. Cardinale @@aut@@ Nynke A. Groenewold @@aut@@ Janna Marie Bas-Hoogendam @@aut@@ Moji Aghajani @@aut@@ Kevin Hilbert @@aut@@ Narcis Cardoner @@aut@@ Daniel Porta-Casteràs @@aut@@ Savannah Gosnell @@aut@@ Ramiro Salas @@aut@@ Andrea P. Jackowski @@aut@@ Pedro M. Pan @@aut@@ Giovanni A. Salum @@aut@@ Karina S. Blair @@aut@@ James R. Blair @@aut@@ Mira Z. Hammoud @@aut@@ Mohammed R. Milad @@aut@@ Katie L. Burkhouse @@aut@@ K. Luan Phan @@aut@@ Heidi K. Schroeder @@aut@@ Jeffrey R. Strawn @@aut@@ Katja Beesdo-Baum @@aut@@ Neda Jahanshad @@aut@@ Sophia I. Thomopoulos @@aut@@ Randy Buckner @@aut@@ Jared A. Nielsen @@aut@@ Jordan W. Smoller @@aut@@ Jair C. Soares @@aut@@ Benson Mwangi @@aut@@ Mon-Ju Wu @@aut@@ Giovana B. Zunta-Soares @@aut@@ Michal Assaf @@aut@@ Gretchen J. Diefenbach @@aut@@ Paolo Brambilla @@aut@@ Eleonora Maggioni @@aut@@ David Hofmann @@aut@@ Thomas Straube @@aut@@ Carmen Andreescu @@aut@@ Rachel Berta @@aut@@ Erica Tamburo @@aut@@ Rebecca B. Price @@aut@@ Gisele G. Manfro @@aut@@ Federica Agosta @@aut@@ Elisa Canu @@aut@@ Camilla Cividini @@aut@@ Massimo Filippi @@aut@@ Milutin Kostić @@aut@@ Ana Munjiza Jovanovic @@aut@@ Bianca A. V. Alberton @@aut@@ Brenda Benson @@aut@@ Gabrielle F. Freitag @@aut@@ Courtney A. Filippi @@aut@@ Andrea L. Gold @@aut@@ Ellen Leibenluft @@aut@@ Grace V. Ringlein @@aut@@ Kathryn E. Werwath @@aut@@ Hannah Zwiebel @@aut@@ André Zugman @@aut@@ Hans J. Grabe @@aut@@ Sandra Van der Auwera @@aut@@ Katharina Wittfeld @@aut@@ Henry Völzke @@aut@@ Robin Bülow @@aut@@ Nicholas L. Balderston @@aut@@ Monique Ernst @@aut@@ Christian Grillon @@aut@@ Lilianne R. Mujica-Parodi @@aut@@ Helena van Nieuwenhuizen @@aut@@ Hugo D. Critchley @@aut@@ Elena Makovac @@aut@@ Matteo Mancini @@aut@@ Frances Meeten @@aut@@ Cristina Ottaviani @@aut@@ Tali M. Ball @@aut@@ Gregory A. Fonzo @@aut@@ Martin P. Paulus @@aut@@ Murray B. Stein @@aut@@ Raquel E. Gur @@aut@@ Ruben C. Gur @@aut@@ Antonia N. Kaczkurkin @@aut@@ Bart Larsen @@aut@@ Theodore D. Satterthwaite @@aut@@ Jennifer Harper @@aut@@ Michael Myers @@aut@@ Michael T. Perino @@aut@@ Chad M. Sylvester @@aut@@ Qiongru Yu @@aut@@ Ulrike Lueken @@aut@@ Dick J. Veltman @@aut@@ Paul M. Thompson @@aut@@ Dan J. Stein @@aut@@ Nic J. A. Van der Wee @@aut@@ Anderson M. Winkler @@aut@@ Daniel S. Pine @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	660807378
id	DOAJ048861790
language_de	englisch
fullrecord	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">DOAJ048861790</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230308140353.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">230227s2021 xx \|\|\|\|\|o 00\| \|\|eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)DOAJ048861790</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)DOAJ9d17f9f8582240abad7553d20434e213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">RC321-571</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Anita Harrewijn</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder: findings from 28 research sites in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2021</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abstract The goal of this study was to compare brain structure between individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and healthy controls. Previous studies have generated inconsistent findings, possibly due to small sample sizes, or clinical/analytic heterogeneity. To address these concerns, we combined data from 28 research sites worldwide through the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group, using a single, pre-registered mega-analysis. Structural magnetic resonance imaging data from children and adults (5–90 years) were processed using FreeSurfer. The main analysis included the regional and vertex-wise cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and subcortical volume as dependent variables, and GAD, age, age-squared, sex, and their interactions as independent variables. Nuisance variables included IQ, years of education, medication use, comorbidities, and global brain measures. The main analysis (1020 individuals with GAD and 2999 healthy controls) included random slopes per site and random intercepts per scanner. A secondary analysis (1112 individuals with GAD and 3282 healthy controls) included fixed slopes and random intercepts per scanner with the same variables. The main analysis showed no effect of GAD on brain structure, nor interactions involving GAD, age, or sex. The secondary analysis showed increased volume in the right ventral diencephalon in male individuals with GAD compared to male healthy controls, whereas female individuals with GAD did not differ from female healthy controls. This mega-analysis combining worldwide data showed that differences in brain structure related to GAD are small, possibly reflecting heterogeneity or those structural alterations are not a major component of its pathophysiology.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Elise M. Cardinale</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Nynke A. Groenewold</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Janna Marie Bas-Hoogendam</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Moji Aghajani</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Kevin Hilbert</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Narcis Cardoner</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Daniel Porta-Casteràs</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Savannah Gosnell</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Ramiro Salas</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Andrea P. 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Sylvester</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Qiongru Yu</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Ulrike Lueken</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Dick J. Veltman</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Paul M. Thompson</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Dan J. 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topic_title	RC321-571 Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder: findings from 28 research sites in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group
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title	Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder: findings from 28 research sites in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group
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title_full	Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder: findings from 28 research sites in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group
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author_browse	Anita Harrewijn Elise M. Cardinale Nynke A. Groenewold Janna Marie Bas-Hoogendam Moji Aghajani Kevin Hilbert Narcis Cardoner Daniel Porta-Casteràs Savannah Gosnell Ramiro Salas Andrea P. Jackowski Pedro M. Pan Giovanni A. Salum Karina S. Blair James R. Blair Mira Z. Hammoud Mohammed R. Milad Katie L. Burkhouse K. Luan Phan Heidi K. Schroeder Jeffrey R. Strawn Katja Beesdo-Baum Neda Jahanshad Sophia I. Thomopoulos Randy Buckner Jared A. Nielsen Jordan W. Smoller Jair C. Soares Benson Mwangi Mon-Ju Wu Giovana B. Zunta-Soares Michal Assaf Gretchen J. Diefenbach Paolo Brambilla Eleonora Maggioni David Hofmann Thomas Straube Carmen Andreescu Rachel Berta Erica Tamburo Rebecca B. Price Gisele G. Manfro Federica Agosta Elisa Canu Camilla Cividini Massimo Filippi Milutin Kostić Ana Munjiza Jovanovic Bianca A. V. Alberton Brenda Benson Gabrielle F. Freitag Courtney A. Filippi Andrea L. Gold Ellen Leibenluft Grace V. Ringlein Kathryn E. Werwath Hannah Zwiebel André Zugman Hans J. Grabe Sandra Van der Auwera Katharina Wittfeld Henry Völzke Robin Bülow Nicholas L. Balderston Monique Ernst Christian Grillon Lilianne R. Mujica-Parodi Helena van Nieuwenhuizen Hugo D. Critchley Elena Makovac Matteo Mancini Frances Meeten Cristina Ottaviani Tali M. Ball Gregory A. Fonzo Martin P. Paulus Murray B. Stein Raquel E. Gur Ruben C. Gur Antonia N. Kaczkurkin Bart Larsen Theodore D. Satterthwaite Jennifer Harper Michael Myers Michael T. Perino Chad M. Sylvester Qiongru Yu Ulrike Lueken Dick J. Veltman Paul M. Thompson Dan J. Stein Nic J. A. Van der Wee Anderson M. Winkler Daniel S. Pine
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title_sort	cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder: findings from 28 research sites in the enigma-anxiety working group
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title_auth	Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder: findings from 28 research sites in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group
abstract	Abstract The goal of this study was to compare brain structure between individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and healthy controls. Previous studies have generated inconsistent findings, possibly due to small sample sizes, or clinical/analytic heterogeneity. To address these concerns, we combined data from 28 research sites worldwide through the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group, using a single, pre-registered mega-analysis. Structural magnetic resonance imaging data from children and adults (5–90 years) were processed using FreeSurfer. The main analysis included the regional and vertex-wise cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and subcortical volume as dependent variables, and GAD, age, age-squared, sex, and their interactions as independent variables. Nuisance variables included IQ, years of education, medication use, comorbidities, and global brain measures. The main analysis (1020 individuals with GAD and 2999 healthy controls) included random slopes per site and random intercepts per scanner. A secondary analysis (1112 individuals with GAD and 3282 healthy controls) included fixed slopes and random intercepts per scanner with the same variables. The main analysis showed no effect of GAD on brain structure, nor interactions involving GAD, age, or sex. The secondary analysis showed increased volume in the right ventral diencephalon in male individuals with GAD compared to male healthy controls, whereas female individuals with GAD did not differ from female healthy controls. This mega-analysis combining worldwide data showed that differences in brain structure related to GAD are small, possibly reflecting heterogeneity or those structural alterations are not a major component of its pathophysiology.
abstractGer	Abstract The goal of this study was to compare brain structure between individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and healthy controls. Previous studies have generated inconsistent findings, possibly due to small sample sizes, or clinical/analytic heterogeneity. To address these concerns, we combined data from 28 research sites worldwide through the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group, using a single, pre-registered mega-analysis. Structural magnetic resonance imaging data from children and adults (5–90 years) were processed using FreeSurfer. The main analysis included the regional and vertex-wise cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and subcortical volume as dependent variables, and GAD, age, age-squared, sex, and their interactions as independent variables. Nuisance variables included IQ, years of education, medication use, comorbidities, and global brain measures. The main analysis (1020 individuals with GAD and 2999 healthy controls) included random slopes per site and random intercepts per scanner. A secondary analysis (1112 individuals with GAD and 3282 healthy controls) included fixed slopes and random intercepts per scanner with the same variables. The main analysis showed no effect of GAD on brain structure, nor interactions involving GAD, age, or sex. The secondary analysis showed increased volume in the right ventral diencephalon in male individuals with GAD compared to male healthy controls, whereas female individuals with GAD did not differ from female healthy controls. This mega-analysis combining worldwide data showed that differences in brain structure related to GAD are small, possibly reflecting heterogeneity or those structural alterations are not a major component of its pathophysiology.
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract The goal of this study was to compare brain structure between individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and healthy controls. Previous studies have generated inconsistent findings, possibly due to small sample sizes, or clinical/analytic heterogeneity. To address these concerns, we combined data from 28 research sites worldwide through the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group, using a single, pre-registered mega-analysis. Structural magnetic resonance imaging data from children and adults (5–90 years) were processed using FreeSurfer. The main analysis included the regional and vertex-wise cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and subcortical volume as dependent variables, and GAD, age, age-squared, sex, and their interactions as independent variables. Nuisance variables included IQ, years of education, medication use, comorbidities, and global brain measures. The main analysis (1020 individuals with GAD and 2999 healthy controls) included random slopes per site and random intercepts per scanner. A secondary analysis (1112 individuals with GAD and 3282 healthy controls) included fixed slopes and random intercepts per scanner with the same variables. The main analysis showed no effect of GAD on brain structure, nor interactions involving GAD, age, or sex. The secondary analysis showed increased volume in the right ventral diencephalon in male individuals with GAD compared to male healthy controls, whereas female individuals with GAD did not differ from female healthy controls. This mega-analysis combining worldwide data showed that differences in brain structure related to GAD are small, possibly reflecting heterogeneity or those structural alterations are not a major component of its pathophysiology.
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title_short	Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder: findings from 28 research sites in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group
url	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1 https://doaj.org/article/9d17f9f8582240abad7553d20434e213 https://doaj.org/toc/2158-3188
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author2	Elise M. Cardinale Nynke A. Groenewold Janna Marie Bas-Hoogendam Moji Aghajani Kevin Hilbert Narcis Cardoner Daniel Porta-Casteràs Savannah Gosnell Ramiro Salas Andrea P. Jackowski Pedro M. Pan Giovanni A. Salum Karina S. Blair James R. Blair Mira Z. Hammoud Mohammed R. Milad Katie L. Burkhouse K. Luan Phan Heidi K. Schroeder Jeffrey R. Strawn Katja Beesdo-Baum Neda Jahanshad Sophia I. Thomopoulos Randy Buckner Jared A. Nielsen Jordan W. Smoller Jair C. Soares Benson Mwangi Mon-Ju Wu Giovana B. Zunta-Soares Michal Assaf Gretchen J. Diefenbach Paolo Brambilla Eleonora Maggioni David Hofmann Thomas Straube Carmen Andreescu Rachel Berta Erica Tamburo Rebecca B. Price Gisele G. Manfro Federica Agosta Elisa Canu Camilla Cividini Massimo Filippi Milutin Kostić Ana Munjiza Jovanovic Bianca A. V. Alberton Brenda Benson Gabrielle F. Freitag Courtney A. Filippi Andrea L. Gold Ellen Leibenluft Grace V. Ringlein Kathryn E. Werwath Hannah Zwiebel André Zugman Hans J. Grabe Sandra Van der Auwera Katharina Wittfeld Henry Völzke Robin Bülow Nicholas L. Balderston Monique Ernst Christian Grillon Lilianne R. Mujica-Parodi Helena van Nieuwenhuizen Hugo D. Critchley Elena Makovac Matteo Mancini Frances Meeten Cristina Ottaviani Tali M. Ball Gregory A. Fonzo Martin P. Paulus Murray B. Stein Raquel E. Gur Ruben C. Gur Antonia N. Kaczkurkin Bart Larsen Theodore D. Satterthwaite Jennifer Harper Michael Myers Michael T. Perino Chad M. Sylvester Qiongru Yu Ulrike Lueken Dick J. Veltman Paul M. Thompson Dan J. Stein Nic J. A. Van der Wee Anderson M. Winkler Daniel S. Pine
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Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder: findings from 28 research sites in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group

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