Factors Affecting Volume Changes of the Somatosensory Cortex in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: To Be Considered for Future Neuroprosthetic Design

Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe chronic disability, but also to secondary adaptive changes upstream to the injury in the brain which are most likely induced due to the lack of afferent information. These neuroplastic changes are a potential target for innovative therapies such as neuroprostheses, e.g., by stimulation in order to evoke sensation or in order to suppress phantom limb pain. Diverging results on gray matter atrophy have been reported in patients with SCI. Detectability of atrophy seems to depend on the selection of the regions of interest, while whole-brain approaches are not sensitive enough. In this study, we discussed previous research approaches and analyzed differential atrophic changes in incomplete SCI using manual segmentation of the somatosensory cortex. Patients with incomplete SCI (ASIA C-D), with cervical (N = 5) and thoracic (N = 6) injury were included. Time since injury was ≤12 months in 7 patients, and 144, 152, 216, and 312 months in the other patients. Age at the injury was ≤26 years in 4 patients and ≥50 years in 7 patients. A sample of 12 healthy controls was included in the study. In contrast to all previous studies that used voxel-based morphometry, we performed manual segmentation of the somatosensory cortex in the postcentral gyrus from structural magnetic resonance images and normalized the calculated volumes against the sum of volumes of an automated whole-head segmentation. Volumes were smaller in patients than in controls (p = 0.011), and as a tendency, female patients had smaller volumes than male patients (p = 0.017, uncorrected). No effects of duration (subacute vs. chronic), level of lesion (cervical vs. thoracic), region (left vs. right S1), and age at onset (≤26 vs. ≥50 years) was found. Our results demonstrate volume loss of S1 in incomplete SCI and encourage further research with larger sample sizes on volumetric changes in the acute and chronic stage of SCI, in order to document the moderating effect of type and location of injury on neuroplastic changes. A better understanding of neuroplastic changes in the sensorimotor cortex after SCI and its interaction with sex is needed in order to develop efficient rehabilitative interventions and neuroprosthetic technologies. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Yvonne Höller [verfasserIn] Arijan Tadzic [verfasserIn] Aljoscha C. Thomschewski [verfasserIn] Peter Höller [verfasserIn] Stefan Leis [verfasserIn] Santino Ottavio Tomasi [verfasserIn] Christoph Hofer [verfasserIn] Arne Bathke [verfasserIn] Raffaele Nardone [verfasserIn] Eugen Trinka [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2017

Schlagwörter:	spinal cord injury somatosensory cortex volume neuroplasticity segmentation

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Frontiers in Neurology - Frontiers Media S.A., 2010, 8(2017)
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:8 ; year:2017

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3389/fneur.2017.00662

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ049368966

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allfields	10.3389/fneur.2017.00662 doi (DE-627)DOAJ049368966 (DE-599)DOAJfde8fbeb83cb4933bce181561b29a4bf DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC346-429 Yvonne Höller verfasserin aut Factors Affecting Volume Changes of the Somatosensory Cortex in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: To Be Considered for Future Neuroprosthetic Design 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe chronic disability, but also to secondary adaptive changes upstream to the injury in the brain which are most likely induced due to the lack of afferent information. These neuroplastic changes are a potential target for innovative therapies such as neuroprostheses, e.g., by stimulation in order to evoke sensation or in order to suppress phantom limb pain. Diverging results on gray matter atrophy have been reported in patients with SCI. Detectability of atrophy seems to depend on the selection of the regions of interest, while whole-brain approaches are not sensitive enough. In this study, we discussed previous research approaches and analyzed differential atrophic changes in incomplete SCI using manual segmentation of the somatosensory cortex. Patients with incomplete SCI (ASIA C-D), with cervical (N = 5) and thoracic (N = 6) injury were included. Time since injury was ≤12 months in 7 patients, and 144, 152, 216, and 312 months in the other patients. Age at the injury was ≤26 years in 4 patients and ≥50 years in 7 patients. A sample of 12 healthy controls was included in the study. In contrast to all previous studies that used voxel-based morphometry, we performed manual segmentation of the somatosensory cortex in the postcentral gyrus from structural magnetic resonance images and normalized the calculated volumes against the sum of volumes of an automated whole-head segmentation. Volumes were smaller in patients than in controls (p = 0.011), and as a tendency, female patients had smaller volumes than male patients (p = 0.017, uncorrected). No effects of duration (subacute vs. chronic), level of lesion (cervical vs. thoracic), region (left vs. right S1), and age at onset (≤26 vs. ≥50 years) was found. Our results demonstrate volume loss of S1 in incomplete SCI and encourage further research with larger sample sizes on volumetric changes in the acute and chronic stage of SCI, in order to document the moderating effect of type and location of injury on neuroplastic changes. A better understanding of neuroplastic changes in the sensorimotor cortex after SCI and its interaction with sex is needed in order to develop efficient rehabilitative interventions and neuroprosthetic technologies. spinal cord injury somatosensory cortex volume neuroplasticity segmentation Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system Arijan Tadzic verfasserin aut Aljoscha C. Thomschewski verfasserin aut Aljoscha C. Thomschewski verfasserin aut Peter Höller verfasserin aut Peter Höller verfasserin aut Stefan Leis verfasserin aut Stefan Leis verfasserin aut Santino Ottavio Tomasi verfasserin aut Christoph Hofer verfasserin aut Arne Bathke verfasserin aut Raffaele Nardone verfasserin aut Raffaele Nardone verfasserin aut Raffaele Nardone verfasserin aut Eugen Trinka verfasserin aut Eugen Trinka verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Neurology Frontiers Media S.A., 2010 8(2017) (DE-627)631498753 (DE-600)2564214-5 16642295 nnns volume:8 year:2017 https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2017.00662 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fde8fbeb83cb4933bce181561b29a4bf kostenfrei http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2017.00662/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-2295 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2017
spelling	10.3389/fneur.2017.00662 doi (DE-627)DOAJ049368966 (DE-599)DOAJfde8fbeb83cb4933bce181561b29a4bf DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC346-429 Yvonne Höller verfasserin aut Factors Affecting Volume Changes of the Somatosensory Cortex in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: To Be Considered for Future Neuroprosthetic Design 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe chronic disability, but also to secondary adaptive changes upstream to the injury in the brain which are most likely induced due to the lack of afferent information. These neuroplastic changes are a potential target for innovative therapies such as neuroprostheses, e.g., by stimulation in order to evoke sensation or in order to suppress phantom limb pain. Diverging results on gray matter atrophy have been reported in patients with SCI. Detectability of atrophy seems to depend on the selection of the regions of interest, while whole-brain approaches are not sensitive enough. In this study, we discussed previous research approaches and analyzed differential atrophic changes in incomplete SCI using manual segmentation of the somatosensory cortex. Patients with incomplete SCI (ASIA C-D), with cervical (N = 5) and thoracic (N = 6) injury were included. Time since injury was ≤12 months in 7 patients, and 144, 152, 216, and 312 months in the other patients. Age at the injury was ≤26 years in 4 patients and ≥50 years in 7 patients. A sample of 12 healthy controls was included in the study. In contrast to all previous studies that used voxel-based morphometry, we performed manual segmentation of the somatosensory cortex in the postcentral gyrus from structural magnetic resonance images and normalized the calculated volumes against the sum of volumes of an automated whole-head segmentation. Volumes were smaller in patients than in controls (p = 0.011), and as a tendency, female patients had smaller volumes than male patients (p = 0.017, uncorrected). No effects of duration (subacute vs. chronic), level of lesion (cervical vs. thoracic), region (left vs. right S1), and age at onset (≤26 vs. ≥50 years) was found. Our results demonstrate volume loss of S1 in incomplete SCI and encourage further research with larger sample sizes on volumetric changes in the acute and chronic stage of SCI, in order to document the moderating effect of type and location of injury on neuroplastic changes. A better understanding of neuroplastic changes in the sensorimotor cortex after SCI and its interaction with sex is needed in order to develop efficient rehabilitative interventions and neuroprosthetic technologies. spinal cord injury somatosensory cortex volume neuroplasticity segmentation Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system Arijan Tadzic verfasserin aut Aljoscha C. Thomschewski verfasserin aut Aljoscha C. Thomschewski verfasserin aut Peter Höller verfasserin aut Peter Höller verfasserin aut Stefan Leis verfasserin aut Stefan Leis verfasserin aut Santino Ottavio Tomasi verfasserin aut Christoph Hofer verfasserin aut Arne Bathke verfasserin aut Raffaele Nardone verfasserin aut Raffaele Nardone verfasserin aut Raffaele Nardone verfasserin aut Eugen Trinka verfasserin aut Eugen Trinka verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Neurology Frontiers Media S.A., 2010 8(2017) (DE-627)631498753 (DE-600)2564214-5 16642295 nnns volume:8 year:2017 https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2017.00662 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fde8fbeb83cb4933bce181561b29a4bf kostenfrei http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2017.00662/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-2295 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2017
allfields_unstemmed	10.3389/fneur.2017.00662 doi (DE-627)DOAJ049368966 (DE-599)DOAJfde8fbeb83cb4933bce181561b29a4bf DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC346-429 Yvonne Höller verfasserin aut Factors Affecting Volume Changes of the Somatosensory Cortex in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: To Be Considered for Future Neuroprosthetic Design 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe chronic disability, but also to secondary adaptive changes upstream to the injury in the brain which are most likely induced due to the lack of afferent information. These neuroplastic changes are a potential target for innovative therapies such as neuroprostheses, e.g., by stimulation in order to evoke sensation or in order to suppress phantom limb pain. Diverging results on gray matter atrophy have been reported in patients with SCI. Detectability of atrophy seems to depend on the selection of the regions of interest, while whole-brain approaches are not sensitive enough. In this study, we discussed previous research approaches and analyzed differential atrophic changes in incomplete SCI using manual segmentation of the somatosensory cortex. Patients with incomplete SCI (ASIA C-D), with cervical (N = 5) and thoracic (N = 6) injury were included. Time since injury was ≤12 months in 7 patients, and 144, 152, 216, and 312 months in the other patients. Age at the injury was ≤26 years in 4 patients and ≥50 years in 7 patients. A sample of 12 healthy controls was included in the study. In contrast to all previous studies that used voxel-based morphometry, we performed manual segmentation of the somatosensory cortex in the postcentral gyrus from structural magnetic resonance images and normalized the calculated volumes against the sum of volumes of an automated whole-head segmentation. Volumes were smaller in patients than in controls (p = 0.011), and as a tendency, female patients had smaller volumes than male patients (p = 0.017, uncorrected). No effects of duration (subacute vs. chronic), level of lesion (cervical vs. thoracic), region (left vs. right S1), and age at onset (≤26 vs. ≥50 years) was found. Our results demonstrate volume loss of S1 in incomplete SCI and encourage further research with larger sample sizes on volumetric changes in the acute and chronic stage of SCI, in order to document the moderating effect of type and location of injury on neuroplastic changes. A better understanding of neuroplastic changes in the sensorimotor cortex after SCI and its interaction with sex is needed in order to develop efficient rehabilitative interventions and neuroprosthetic technologies. spinal cord injury somatosensory cortex volume neuroplasticity segmentation Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system Arijan Tadzic verfasserin aut Aljoscha C. Thomschewski verfasserin aut Aljoscha C. Thomschewski verfasserin aut Peter Höller verfasserin aut Peter Höller verfasserin aut Stefan Leis verfasserin aut Stefan Leis verfasserin aut Santino Ottavio Tomasi verfasserin aut Christoph Hofer verfasserin aut Arne Bathke verfasserin aut Raffaele Nardone verfasserin aut Raffaele Nardone verfasserin aut Raffaele Nardone verfasserin aut Eugen Trinka verfasserin aut Eugen Trinka verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Neurology Frontiers Media S.A., 2010 8(2017) (DE-627)631498753 (DE-600)2564214-5 16642295 nnns volume:8 year:2017 https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2017.00662 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fde8fbeb83cb4933bce181561b29a4bf kostenfrei http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2017.00662/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-2295 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2017
allfieldsGer	10.3389/fneur.2017.00662 doi (DE-627)DOAJ049368966 (DE-599)DOAJfde8fbeb83cb4933bce181561b29a4bf DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC346-429 Yvonne Höller verfasserin aut Factors Affecting Volume Changes of the Somatosensory Cortex in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: To Be Considered for Future Neuroprosthetic Design 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe chronic disability, but also to secondary adaptive changes upstream to the injury in the brain which are most likely induced due to the lack of afferent information. These neuroplastic changes are a potential target for innovative therapies such as neuroprostheses, e.g., by stimulation in order to evoke sensation or in order to suppress phantom limb pain. Diverging results on gray matter atrophy have been reported in patients with SCI. Detectability of atrophy seems to depend on the selection of the regions of interest, while whole-brain approaches are not sensitive enough. In this study, we discussed previous research approaches and analyzed differential atrophic changes in incomplete SCI using manual segmentation of the somatosensory cortex. Patients with incomplete SCI (ASIA C-D), with cervical (N = 5) and thoracic (N = 6) injury were included. Time since injury was ≤12 months in 7 patients, and 144, 152, 216, and 312 months in the other patients. Age at the injury was ≤26 years in 4 patients and ≥50 years in 7 patients. A sample of 12 healthy controls was included in the study. In contrast to all previous studies that used voxel-based morphometry, we performed manual segmentation of the somatosensory cortex in the postcentral gyrus from structural magnetic resonance images and normalized the calculated volumes against the sum of volumes of an automated whole-head segmentation. Volumes were smaller in patients than in controls (p = 0.011), and as a tendency, female patients had smaller volumes than male patients (p = 0.017, uncorrected). No effects of duration (subacute vs. chronic), level of lesion (cervical vs. thoracic), region (left vs. right S1), and age at onset (≤26 vs. ≥50 years) was found. Our results demonstrate volume loss of S1 in incomplete SCI and encourage further research with larger sample sizes on volumetric changes in the acute and chronic stage of SCI, in order to document the moderating effect of type and location of injury on neuroplastic changes. A better understanding of neuroplastic changes in the sensorimotor cortex after SCI and its interaction with sex is needed in order to develop efficient rehabilitative interventions and neuroprosthetic technologies. spinal cord injury somatosensory cortex volume neuroplasticity segmentation Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system Arijan Tadzic verfasserin aut Aljoscha C. Thomschewski verfasserin aut Aljoscha C. Thomschewski verfasserin aut Peter Höller verfasserin aut Peter Höller verfasserin aut Stefan Leis verfasserin aut Stefan Leis verfasserin aut Santino Ottavio Tomasi verfasserin aut Christoph Hofer verfasserin aut Arne Bathke verfasserin aut Raffaele Nardone verfasserin aut Raffaele Nardone verfasserin aut Raffaele Nardone verfasserin aut Eugen Trinka verfasserin aut Eugen Trinka verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Neurology Frontiers Media S.A., 2010 8(2017) (DE-627)631498753 (DE-600)2564214-5 16642295 nnns volume:8 year:2017 https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2017.00662 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fde8fbeb83cb4933bce181561b29a4bf kostenfrei http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2017.00662/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-2295 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2017
allfieldsSound	10.3389/fneur.2017.00662 doi (DE-627)DOAJ049368966 (DE-599)DOAJfde8fbeb83cb4933bce181561b29a4bf DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC346-429 Yvonne Höller verfasserin aut Factors Affecting Volume Changes of the Somatosensory Cortex in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: To Be Considered for Future Neuroprosthetic Design 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe chronic disability, but also to secondary adaptive changes upstream to the injury in the brain which are most likely induced due to the lack of afferent information. These neuroplastic changes are a potential target for innovative therapies such as neuroprostheses, e.g., by stimulation in order to evoke sensation or in order to suppress phantom limb pain. Diverging results on gray matter atrophy have been reported in patients with SCI. Detectability of atrophy seems to depend on the selection of the regions of interest, while whole-brain approaches are not sensitive enough. In this study, we discussed previous research approaches and analyzed differential atrophic changes in incomplete SCI using manual segmentation of the somatosensory cortex. Patients with incomplete SCI (ASIA C-D), with cervical (N = 5) and thoracic (N = 6) injury were included. Time since injury was ≤12 months in 7 patients, and 144, 152, 216, and 312 months in the other patients. Age at the injury was ≤26 years in 4 patients and ≥50 years in 7 patients. A sample of 12 healthy controls was included in the study. In contrast to all previous studies that used voxel-based morphometry, we performed manual segmentation of the somatosensory cortex in the postcentral gyrus from structural magnetic resonance images and normalized the calculated volumes against the sum of volumes of an automated whole-head segmentation. Volumes were smaller in patients than in controls (p = 0.011), and as a tendency, female patients had smaller volumes than male patients (p = 0.017, uncorrected). No effects of duration (subacute vs. chronic), level of lesion (cervical vs. thoracic), region (left vs. right S1), and age at onset (≤26 vs. ≥50 years) was found. Our results demonstrate volume loss of S1 in incomplete SCI and encourage further research with larger sample sizes on volumetric changes in the acute and chronic stage of SCI, in order to document the moderating effect of type and location of injury on neuroplastic changes. A better understanding of neuroplastic changes in the sensorimotor cortex after SCI and its interaction with sex is needed in order to develop efficient rehabilitative interventions and neuroprosthetic technologies. spinal cord injury somatosensory cortex volume neuroplasticity segmentation Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system Arijan Tadzic verfasserin aut Aljoscha C. Thomschewski verfasserin aut Aljoscha C. Thomschewski verfasserin aut Peter Höller verfasserin aut Peter Höller verfasserin aut Stefan Leis verfasserin aut Stefan Leis verfasserin aut Santino Ottavio Tomasi verfasserin aut Christoph Hofer verfasserin aut Arne Bathke verfasserin aut Raffaele Nardone verfasserin aut Raffaele Nardone verfasserin aut Raffaele Nardone verfasserin aut Eugen Trinka verfasserin aut Eugen Trinka verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Neurology Frontiers Media S.A., 2010 8(2017) (DE-627)631498753 (DE-600)2564214-5 16642295 nnns volume:8 year:2017 https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2017.00662 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fde8fbeb83cb4933bce181561b29a4bf kostenfrei http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2017.00662/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-2295 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2017
language	English
source	In Frontiers in Neurology 8(2017) volume:8 year:2017
sourceStr	In Frontiers in Neurology 8(2017) volume:8 year:2017
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	spinal cord injury somatosensory cortex volume neuroplasticity segmentation Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
isfreeaccess_bool	true
container_title	Frontiers in Neurology
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Yvonne Höller @@aut@@ Arijan Tadzic @@aut@@ Aljoscha C. Thomschewski @@aut@@ Peter Höller @@aut@@ Stefan Leis @@aut@@ Santino Ottavio Tomasi @@aut@@ Christoph Hofer @@aut@@ Arne Bathke @@aut@@ Raffaele Nardone @@aut@@ Eugen Trinka @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2017-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	631498753
id	DOAJ049368966
language_de	englisch
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callnumber-first	R - Medicine
author	Yvonne Höller
spellingShingle	Yvonne Höller misc RC346-429 misc spinal cord injury misc somatosensory cortex misc volume misc neuroplasticity misc segmentation misc Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system Factors Affecting Volume Changes of the Somatosensory Cortex in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: To Be Considered for Future Neuroprosthetic Design
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topic_title	RC346-429 Factors Affecting Volume Changes of the Somatosensory Cortex in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: To Be Considered for Future Neuroprosthetic Design spinal cord injury somatosensory cortex volume neuroplasticity segmentation
topic	misc RC346-429 misc spinal cord injury misc somatosensory cortex misc volume misc neuroplasticity misc segmentation misc Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
topic_unstemmed	misc RC346-429 misc spinal cord injury misc somatosensory cortex misc volume misc neuroplasticity misc segmentation misc Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
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title	Factors Affecting Volume Changes of the Somatosensory Cortex in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: To Be Considered for Future Neuroprosthetic Design
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title_full	Factors Affecting Volume Changes of the Somatosensory Cortex in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: To Be Considered for Future Neuroprosthetic Design
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author_browse	Yvonne Höller Arijan Tadzic Aljoscha C. Thomschewski Peter Höller Stefan Leis Santino Ottavio Tomasi Christoph Hofer Arne Bathke Raffaele Nardone Eugen Trinka
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title_sort	factors affecting volume changes of the somatosensory cortex in patients with spinal cord injury: to be considered for future neuroprosthetic design
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title_auth	Factors Affecting Volume Changes of the Somatosensory Cortex in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: To Be Considered for Future Neuroprosthetic Design
abstract	Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe chronic disability, but also to secondary adaptive changes upstream to the injury in the brain which are most likely induced due to the lack of afferent information. These neuroplastic changes are a potential target for innovative therapies such as neuroprostheses, e.g., by stimulation in order to evoke sensation or in order to suppress phantom limb pain. Diverging results on gray matter atrophy have been reported in patients with SCI. Detectability of atrophy seems to depend on the selection of the regions of interest, while whole-brain approaches are not sensitive enough. In this study, we discussed previous research approaches and analyzed differential atrophic changes in incomplete SCI using manual segmentation of the somatosensory cortex. Patients with incomplete SCI (ASIA C-D), with cervical (N = 5) and thoracic (N = 6) injury were included. Time since injury was ≤12 months in 7 patients, and 144, 152, 216, and 312 months in the other patients. Age at the injury was ≤26 years in 4 patients and ≥50 years in 7 patients. A sample of 12 healthy controls was included in the study. In contrast to all previous studies that used voxel-based morphometry, we performed manual segmentation of the somatosensory cortex in the postcentral gyrus from structural magnetic resonance images and normalized the calculated volumes against the sum of volumes of an automated whole-head segmentation. Volumes were smaller in patients than in controls (p = 0.011), and as a tendency, female patients had smaller volumes than male patients (p = 0.017, uncorrected). No effects of duration (subacute vs. chronic), level of lesion (cervical vs. thoracic), region (left vs. right S1), and age at onset (≤26 vs. ≥50 years) was found. Our results demonstrate volume loss of S1 in incomplete SCI and encourage further research with larger sample sizes on volumetric changes in the acute and chronic stage of SCI, in order to document the moderating effect of type and location of injury on neuroplastic changes. A better understanding of neuroplastic changes in the sensorimotor cortex after SCI and its interaction with sex is needed in order to develop efficient rehabilitative interventions and neuroprosthetic technologies.
abstractGer	Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe chronic disability, but also to secondary adaptive changes upstream to the injury in the brain which are most likely induced due to the lack of afferent information. These neuroplastic changes are a potential target for innovative therapies such as neuroprostheses, e.g., by stimulation in order to evoke sensation or in order to suppress phantom limb pain. Diverging results on gray matter atrophy have been reported in patients with SCI. Detectability of atrophy seems to depend on the selection of the regions of interest, while whole-brain approaches are not sensitive enough. In this study, we discussed previous research approaches and analyzed differential atrophic changes in incomplete SCI using manual segmentation of the somatosensory cortex. Patients with incomplete SCI (ASIA C-D), with cervical (N = 5) and thoracic (N = 6) injury were included. Time since injury was ≤12 months in 7 patients, and 144, 152, 216, and 312 months in the other patients. Age at the injury was ≤26 years in 4 patients and ≥50 years in 7 patients. A sample of 12 healthy controls was included in the study. In contrast to all previous studies that used voxel-based morphometry, we performed manual segmentation of the somatosensory cortex in the postcentral gyrus from structural magnetic resonance images and normalized the calculated volumes against the sum of volumes of an automated whole-head segmentation. Volumes were smaller in patients than in controls (p = 0.011), and as a tendency, female patients had smaller volumes than male patients (p = 0.017, uncorrected). No effects of duration (subacute vs. chronic), level of lesion (cervical vs. thoracic), region (left vs. right S1), and age at onset (≤26 vs. ≥50 years) was found. Our results demonstrate volume loss of S1 in incomplete SCI and encourage further research with larger sample sizes on volumetric changes in the acute and chronic stage of SCI, in order to document the moderating effect of type and location of injury on neuroplastic changes. A better understanding of neuroplastic changes in the sensorimotor cortex after SCI and its interaction with sex is needed in order to develop efficient rehabilitative interventions and neuroprosthetic technologies.
abstract_unstemmed	Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe chronic disability, but also to secondary adaptive changes upstream to the injury in the brain which are most likely induced due to the lack of afferent information. These neuroplastic changes are a potential target for innovative therapies such as neuroprostheses, e.g., by stimulation in order to evoke sensation or in order to suppress phantom limb pain. Diverging results on gray matter atrophy have been reported in patients with SCI. Detectability of atrophy seems to depend on the selection of the regions of interest, while whole-brain approaches are not sensitive enough. In this study, we discussed previous research approaches and analyzed differential atrophic changes in incomplete SCI using manual segmentation of the somatosensory cortex. Patients with incomplete SCI (ASIA C-D), with cervical (N = 5) and thoracic (N = 6) injury were included. Time since injury was ≤12 months in 7 patients, and 144, 152, 216, and 312 months in the other patients. Age at the injury was ≤26 years in 4 patients and ≥50 years in 7 patients. A sample of 12 healthy controls was included in the study. In contrast to all previous studies that used voxel-based morphometry, we performed manual segmentation of the somatosensory cortex in the postcentral gyrus from structural magnetic resonance images and normalized the calculated volumes against the sum of volumes of an automated whole-head segmentation. Volumes were smaller in patients than in controls (p = 0.011), and as a tendency, female patients had smaller volumes than male patients (p = 0.017, uncorrected). No effects of duration (subacute vs. chronic), level of lesion (cervical vs. thoracic), region (left vs. right S1), and age at onset (≤26 vs. ≥50 years) was found. Our results demonstrate volume loss of S1 in incomplete SCI and encourage further research with larger sample sizes on volumetric changes in the acute and chronic stage of SCI, in order to document the moderating effect of type and location of injury on neuroplastic changes. A better understanding of neuroplastic changes in the sensorimotor cortex after SCI and its interaction with sex is needed in order to develop efficient rehabilitative interventions and neuroprosthetic technologies.
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title_short	Factors Affecting Volume Changes of the Somatosensory Cortex in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: To Be Considered for Future Neuroprosthetic Design
url	https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2017.00662 https://doaj.org/article/fde8fbeb83cb4933bce181561b29a4bf http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2017.00662/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-2295
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Factors Affecting Volume Changes of the Somatosensory Cortex in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: To Be Considered for Future Neuroprosthetic Design

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