Opioids and Chronic Pain: An Analytic Review of the Clinical Evidence

We conducted an analytic review of the clinical scientific literature bearing on the use of opioids for treatment of chronic non-cancer pain in the United States. There is substantial, albeit not definitive, scientific evidence of the effectiveness of opioids in treating pain and of high variability...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Stephen E. Nadeau [verfasserIn] Jeffrey K. Wu [verfasserIn] Richard A. Lawhern [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Schlagwörter:	opioids opioid efficacy opioid dosage opioid mortality opioid use disorder opioid crisis

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Frontiers in Pain Research - Frontiers Media S.A., 2021, 2(2021)
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:2 ; year:2021

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3389/fpain.2021.721357

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ049370812

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callnumber-first	R - Medicine
author	Stephen E. Nadeau
spellingShingle	Stephen E. Nadeau misc RC346-429 misc opioids misc opioid efficacy misc opioid dosage misc opioid mortality misc opioid use disorder misc opioid crisis misc Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system Opioids and Chronic Pain: An Analytic Review of the Clinical Evidence
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topic_title	RC346-429 Opioids and Chronic Pain: An Analytic Review of the Clinical Evidence opioids opioid efficacy opioid dosage opioid mortality opioid use disorder opioid crisis
topic	misc RC346-429 misc opioids misc opioid efficacy misc opioid dosage misc opioid mortality misc opioid use disorder misc opioid crisis misc Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
topic_unstemmed	misc RC346-429 misc opioids misc opioid efficacy misc opioid dosage misc opioid mortality misc opioid use disorder misc opioid crisis misc Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
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title	Opioids and Chronic Pain: An Analytic Review of the Clinical Evidence
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title_sort	opioids and chronic pain: an analytic review of the clinical evidence
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abstract	We conducted an analytic review of the clinical scientific literature bearing on the use of opioids for treatment of chronic non-cancer pain in the United States. There is substantial, albeit not definitive, scientific evidence of the effectiveness of opioids in treating pain and of high variability in opioid dose requirements and side effects. The estimated risk of death from opioid treatment involving doses above 100 MMED is ~0.25%/year. Multiple large studies refute the concept that short-term use of opioids to treat acute pain predisposes to development of opioid use disorder. The prevalence of opioid use disorder associated with prescription opioids is likely <3%. Morbidity, mortality, and financial costs of inadequate treatment of the 18 million Americans with moderate to severe chronic pain are high. Because of the absence of comparative effectiveness studies, there are no scientific grounds for considering alternative non-pharmacologic treatments as an adequate substitute for opioid therapy but these treatments might serve to augment opioid therapy, thereby reducing dosage. There are reasons to question the ostensible risks of co-prescription of opioids and benzodiazepines. As the causes of the opioid crisis have come into focus, it has become clear that the crisis resides predominantly in the streets and that efforts to curtail it by constraining opioid treatment in the clinic are unlikely to succeed.
abstractGer	We conducted an analytic review of the clinical scientific literature bearing on the use of opioids for treatment of chronic non-cancer pain in the United States. There is substantial, albeit not definitive, scientific evidence of the effectiveness of opioids in treating pain and of high variability in opioid dose requirements and side effects. The estimated risk of death from opioid treatment involving doses above 100 MMED is ~0.25%/year. Multiple large studies refute the concept that short-term use of opioids to treat acute pain predisposes to development of opioid use disorder. The prevalence of opioid use disorder associated with prescription opioids is likely <3%. Morbidity, mortality, and financial costs of inadequate treatment of the 18 million Americans with moderate to severe chronic pain are high. Because of the absence of comparative effectiveness studies, there are no scientific grounds for considering alternative non-pharmacologic treatments as an adequate substitute for opioid therapy but these treatments might serve to augment opioid therapy, thereby reducing dosage. There are reasons to question the ostensible risks of co-prescription of opioids and benzodiazepines. As the causes of the opioid crisis have come into focus, it has become clear that the crisis resides predominantly in the streets and that efforts to curtail it by constraining opioid treatment in the clinic are unlikely to succeed.
abstract_unstemmed	We conducted an analytic review of the clinical scientific literature bearing on the use of opioids for treatment of chronic non-cancer pain in the United States. There is substantial, albeit not definitive, scientific evidence of the effectiveness of opioids in treating pain and of high variability in opioid dose requirements and side effects. The estimated risk of death from opioid treatment involving doses above 100 MMED is ~0.25%/year. Multiple large studies refute the concept that short-term use of opioids to treat acute pain predisposes to development of opioid use disorder. The prevalence of opioid use disorder associated with prescription opioids is likely <3%. Morbidity, mortality, and financial costs of inadequate treatment of the 18 million Americans with moderate to severe chronic pain are high. Because of the absence of comparative effectiveness studies, there are no scientific grounds for considering alternative non-pharmacologic treatments as an adequate substitute for opioid therapy but these treatments might serve to augment opioid therapy, thereby reducing dosage. There are reasons to question the ostensible risks of co-prescription of opioids and benzodiazepines. As the causes of the opioid crisis have come into focus, it has become clear that the crisis resides predominantly in the streets and that efforts to curtail it by constraining opioid treatment in the clinic are unlikely to succeed.
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title_short	Opioids and Chronic Pain: An Analytic Review of the Clinical Evidence
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