Re-evaluating the NO2 hotspot over the South African Highveld
Globally, numerous pollution hotspots have been identified using satellite-based instruments. One of these hotspots is the prominent NO2 hotspot over the South African Highveld. The tropospheric NO2 column density of this area is comparable to that observed for central and northern Europe, eastern N...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Alexandra Lourens [verfasserIn] Timothy Butler [verfasserIn] Johan Beukes [verfasserIn] Pieter van Zyl [verfasserIn] Steffen Beirle [verfasserIn] Thomas Wagner [verfasserIn] Klaus-Peter Heue [verfasserIn] Jacobus Pienaar [verfasserIn] Gerhardus Fourie [verfasserIn] Mark Lawrence [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2012 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: South African Journal of Science - Academy of Science of South Africa, 2010, 108(2012), 11/12 |
|---|---|
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:108 ; year:2012 ; number:11/12 |
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DOAJ050710648 |
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| 520 | |a Globally, numerous pollution hotspots have been identified using satellite-based instruments. One of these hotspots is the prominent NO2 hotspot over the South African Highveld. The tropospheric NO2 column density of this area is comparable to that observed for central and northern Europe, eastern North America and south-east Asia. The most well-known pollution source in this area is a large array of coal-fired power stations. Upon closer inspection, long-term means of satellite observations also show a smaller area, approximately 100 km west of the Highveld hotspot, with a seemingly less substantial NO2 column density. This area correlates with the geographical location of the Johannesburg - Pretoria conurbation or megacity, one of the 40 largest metropolitan areas in the world. Ground-based measurements indicate that NO2 concentrations in the megacity have diurnal peaks in the early morning and late afternoon, which coincide with peak traffic hours and domestic combustion. During these times, NO2 concentrations in the megacity are higher than those in the Highveld hotspot. These diurnal NO2 peaks in the megacity have generally been overlooked by satellite observations because the satellites have fixed local overpass times that do not coincide with these peak periods. Consequently, the importance of NO2 over the megacity has been underestimated. We examined the diurnal cycles of NO2 ground-based measurements for the two areas - the megacity and the Highveld hotspot - and compared them with the satellite-based NO2 observations. Results show that the Highveld hotspot is accompanied by a second hotspot over the megacity, which is of significance for the more than 10 million people living in this megacity. | ||
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(DE-627)DOAJ050710648 (DE-599)DOAJ2e01e91a056a4ce4bfea61306120c845 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Q1-390 H1-99 Alexandra Lourens verfasserin aut Re-evaluating the NO2 hotspot over the South African Highveld 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Globally, numerous pollution hotspots have been identified using satellite-based instruments. One of these hotspots is the prominent NO2 hotspot over the South African Highveld. The tropospheric NO2 column density of this area is comparable to that observed for central and northern Europe, eastern North America and south-east Asia. The most well-known pollution source in this area is a large array of coal-fired power stations. Upon closer inspection, long-term means of satellite observations also show a smaller area, approximately 100 km west of the Highveld hotspot, with a seemingly less substantial NO2 column density. This area correlates with the geographical location of the Johannesburg - Pretoria conurbation or megacity, one of the 40 largest metropolitan areas in the world. Ground-based measurements indicate that NO2 concentrations in the megacity have diurnal peaks in the early morning and late afternoon, which coincide with peak traffic hours and domestic combustion. During these times, NO2 concentrations in the megacity are higher than those in the Highveld hotspot. These diurnal NO2 peaks in the megacity have generally been overlooked by satellite observations because the satellites have fixed local overpass times that do not coincide with these peak periods. Consequently, the importance of NO2 over the megacity has been underestimated. We examined the diurnal cycles of NO2 ground-based measurements for the two areas - the megacity and the Highveld hotspot - and compared them with the satellite-based NO2 observations. Results show that the Highveld hotspot is accompanied by a second hotspot over the megacity, which is of significance for the more than 10 million people living in this megacity. Science Q Science (General) Social Sciences H Social sciences (General) Timothy Butler verfasserin aut Johan Beukes verfasserin aut Pieter van Zyl verfasserin aut Steffen Beirle verfasserin aut Thomas Wagner verfasserin aut Klaus-Peter Heue verfasserin aut Jacobus Pienaar verfasserin aut Gerhardus Fourie verfasserin aut Mark Lawrence verfasserin aut In South African Journal of Science Academy of Science of South Africa, 2010 108(2012), 11/12 (DE-627)593556860 (DE-600)2482725-3 19967489 nnns volume:108 year:2012 number:11/12 https://doaj.org/article/2e01e91a056a4ce4bfea61306120c845 kostenfrei http://192.168.0.108/index.php/sajs/article/view/9651 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-7489 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 108 2012 11/12 |
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(DE-627)DOAJ050710648 (DE-599)DOAJ2e01e91a056a4ce4bfea61306120c845 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Q1-390 H1-99 Alexandra Lourens verfasserin aut Re-evaluating the NO2 hotspot over the South African Highveld 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Globally, numerous pollution hotspots have been identified using satellite-based instruments. One of these hotspots is the prominent NO2 hotspot over the South African Highveld. The tropospheric NO2 column density of this area is comparable to that observed for central and northern Europe, eastern North America and south-east Asia. The most well-known pollution source in this area is a large array of coal-fired power stations. Upon closer inspection, long-term means of satellite observations also show a smaller area, approximately 100 km west of the Highveld hotspot, with a seemingly less substantial NO2 column density. This area correlates with the geographical location of the Johannesburg - Pretoria conurbation or megacity, one of the 40 largest metropolitan areas in the world. Ground-based measurements indicate that NO2 concentrations in the megacity have diurnal peaks in the early morning and late afternoon, which coincide with peak traffic hours and domestic combustion. During these times, NO2 concentrations in the megacity are higher than those in the Highveld hotspot. These diurnal NO2 peaks in the megacity have generally been overlooked by satellite observations because the satellites have fixed local overpass times that do not coincide with these peak periods. Consequently, the importance of NO2 over the megacity has been underestimated. We examined the diurnal cycles of NO2 ground-based measurements for the two areas - the megacity and the Highveld hotspot - and compared them with the satellite-based NO2 observations. Results show that the Highveld hotspot is accompanied by a second hotspot over the megacity, which is of significance for the more than 10 million people living in this megacity. Science Q Science (General) Social Sciences H Social sciences (General) Timothy Butler verfasserin aut Johan Beukes verfasserin aut Pieter van Zyl verfasserin aut Steffen Beirle verfasserin aut Thomas Wagner verfasserin aut Klaus-Peter Heue verfasserin aut Jacobus Pienaar verfasserin aut Gerhardus Fourie verfasserin aut Mark Lawrence verfasserin aut In South African Journal of Science Academy of Science of South Africa, 2010 108(2012), 11/12 (DE-627)593556860 (DE-600)2482725-3 19967489 nnns volume:108 year:2012 number:11/12 https://doaj.org/article/2e01e91a056a4ce4bfea61306120c845 kostenfrei http://192.168.0.108/index.php/sajs/article/view/9651 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-7489 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 108 2012 11/12 |
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(DE-627)DOAJ050710648 (DE-599)DOAJ2e01e91a056a4ce4bfea61306120c845 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Q1-390 H1-99 Alexandra Lourens verfasserin aut Re-evaluating the NO2 hotspot over the South African Highveld 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Globally, numerous pollution hotspots have been identified using satellite-based instruments. One of these hotspots is the prominent NO2 hotspot over the South African Highveld. The tropospheric NO2 column density of this area is comparable to that observed for central and northern Europe, eastern North America and south-east Asia. The most well-known pollution source in this area is a large array of coal-fired power stations. Upon closer inspection, long-term means of satellite observations also show a smaller area, approximately 100 km west of the Highveld hotspot, with a seemingly less substantial NO2 column density. This area correlates with the geographical location of the Johannesburg - Pretoria conurbation or megacity, one of the 40 largest metropolitan areas in the world. Ground-based measurements indicate that NO2 concentrations in the megacity have diurnal peaks in the early morning and late afternoon, which coincide with peak traffic hours and domestic combustion. During these times, NO2 concentrations in the megacity are higher than those in the Highveld hotspot. These diurnal NO2 peaks in the megacity have generally been overlooked by satellite observations because the satellites have fixed local overpass times that do not coincide with these peak periods. Consequently, the importance of NO2 over the megacity has been underestimated. We examined the diurnal cycles of NO2 ground-based measurements for the two areas - the megacity and the Highveld hotspot - and compared them with the satellite-based NO2 observations. Results show that the Highveld hotspot is accompanied by a second hotspot over the megacity, which is of significance for the more than 10 million people living in this megacity. Science Q Science (General) Social Sciences H Social sciences (General) Timothy Butler verfasserin aut Johan Beukes verfasserin aut Pieter van Zyl verfasserin aut Steffen Beirle verfasserin aut Thomas Wagner verfasserin aut Klaus-Peter Heue verfasserin aut Jacobus Pienaar verfasserin aut Gerhardus Fourie verfasserin aut Mark Lawrence verfasserin aut In South African Journal of Science Academy of Science of South Africa, 2010 108(2012), 11/12 (DE-627)593556860 (DE-600)2482725-3 19967489 nnns volume:108 year:2012 number:11/12 https://doaj.org/article/2e01e91a056a4ce4bfea61306120c845 kostenfrei http://192.168.0.108/index.php/sajs/article/view/9651 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-7489 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 108 2012 11/12 |
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(DE-627)DOAJ050710648 (DE-599)DOAJ2e01e91a056a4ce4bfea61306120c845 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Q1-390 H1-99 Alexandra Lourens verfasserin aut Re-evaluating the NO2 hotspot over the South African Highveld 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Globally, numerous pollution hotspots have been identified using satellite-based instruments. One of these hotspots is the prominent NO2 hotspot over the South African Highveld. The tropospheric NO2 column density of this area is comparable to that observed for central and northern Europe, eastern North America and south-east Asia. The most well-known pollution source in this area is a large array of coal-fired power stations. Upon closer inspection, long-term means of satellite observations also show a smaller area, approximately 100 km west of the Highveld hotspot, with a seemingly less substantial NO2 column density. This area correlates with the geographical location of the Johannesburg - Pretoria conurbation or megacity, one of the 40 largest metropolitan areas in the world. Ground-based measurements indicate that NO2 concentrations in the megacity have diurnal peaks in the early morning and late afternoon, which coincide with peak traffic hours and domestic combustion. During these times, NO2 concentrations in the megacity are higher than those in the Highveld hotspot. These diurnal NO2 peaks in the megacity have generally been overlooked by satellite observations because the satellites have fixed local overpass times that do not coincide with these peak periods. Consequently, the importance of NO2 over the megacity has been underestimated. We examined the diurnal cycles of NO2 ground-based measurements for the two areas - the megacity and the Highveld hotspot - and compared them with the satellite-based NO2 observations. Results show that the Highveld hotspot is accompanied by a second hotspot over the megacity, which is of significance for the more than 10 million people living in this megacity. Science Q Science (General) Social Sciences H Social sciences (General) Timothy Butler verfasserin aut Johan Beukes verfasserin aut Pieter van Zyl verfasserin aut Steffen Beirle verfasserin aut Thomas Wagner verfasserin aut Klaus-Peter Heue verfasserin aut Jacobus Pienaar verfasserin aut Gerhardus Fourie verfasserin aut Mark Lawrence verfasserin aut In South African Journal of Science Academy of Science of South Africa, 2010 108(2012), 11/12 (DE-627)593556860 (DE-600)2482725-3 19967489 nnns volume:108 year:2012 number:11/12 https://doaj.org/article/2e01e91a056a4ce4bfea61306120c845 kostenfrei http://192.168.0.108/index.php/sajs/article/view/9651 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-7489 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 108 2012 11/12 |
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(DE-627)DOAJ050710648 (DE-599)DOAJ2e01e91a056a4ce4bfea61306120c845 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Q1-390 H1-99 Alexandra Lourens verfasserin aut Re-evaluating the NO2 hotspot over the South African Highveld 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Globally, numerous pollution hotspots have been identified using satellite-based instruments. One of these hotspots is the prominent NO2 hotspot over the South African Highveld. The tropospheric NO2 column density of this area is comparable to that observed for central and northern Europe, eastern North America and south-east Asia. The most well-known pollution source in this area is a large array of coal-fired power stations. Upon closer inspection, long-term means of satellite observations also show a smaller area, approximately 100 km west of the Highveld hotspot, with a seemingly less substantial NO2 column density. This area correlates with the geographical location of the Johannesburg - Pretoria conurbation or megacity, one of the 40 largest metropolitan areas in the world. Ground-based measurements indicate that NO2 concentrations in the megacity have diurnal peaks in the early morning and late afternoon, which coincide with peak traffic hours and domestic combustion. During these times, NO2 concentrations in the megacity are higher than those in the Highveld hotspot. These diurnal NO2 peaks in the megacity have generally been overlooked by satellite observations because the satellites have fixed local overpass times that do not coincide with these peak periods. Consequently, the importance of NO2 over the megacity has been underestimated. We examined the diurnal cycles of NO2 ground-based measurements for the two areas - the megacity and the Highveld hotspot - and compared them with the satellite-based NO2 observations. Results show that the Highveld hotspot is accompanied by a second hotspot over the megacity, which is of significance for the more than 10 million people living in this megacity. Science Q Science (General) Social Sciences H Social sciences (General) Timothy Butler verfasserin aut Johan Beukes verfasserin aut Pieter van Zyl verfasserin aut Steffen Beirle verfasserin aut Thomas Wagner verfasserin aut Klaus-Peter Heue verfasserin aut Jacobus Pienaar verfasserin aut Gerhardus Fourie verfasserin aut Mark Lawrence verfasserin aut In South African Journal of Science Academy of Science of South Africa, 2010 108(2012), 11/12 (DE-627)593556860 (DE-600)2482725-3 19967489 nnns volume:108 year:2012 number:11/12 https://doaj.org/article/2e01e91a056a4ce4bfea61306120c845 kostenfrei http://192.168.0.108/index.php/sajs/article/view/9651 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-7489 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 108 2012 11/12 |
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Re-evaluating the NO2 hotspot over the South African Highveld |
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Re-evaluating the NO2 hotspot over the South African Highveld |
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Alexandra Lourens Timothy Butler Johan Beukes Pieter van Zyl Steffen Beirle Thomas Wagner Klaus-Peter Heue Jacobus Pienaar Gerhardus Fourie Mark Lawrence |
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re-evaluating the no2 hotspot over the south african highveld |
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Re-evaluating the NO2 hotspot over the South African Highveld |
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Globally, numerous pollution hotspots have been identified using satellite-based instruments. One of these hotspots is the prominent NO2 hotspot over the South African Highveld. The tropospheric NO2 column density of this area is comparable to that observed for central and northern Europe, eastern North America and south-east Asia. The most well-known pollution source in this area is a large array of coal-fired power stations. Upon closer inspection, long-term means of satellite observations also show a smaller area, approximately 100 km west of the Highveld hotspot, with a seemingly less substantial NO2 column density. This area correlates with the geographical location of the Johannesburg - Pretoria conurbation or megacity, one of the 40 largest metropolitan areas in the world. Ground-based measurements indicate that NO2 concentrations in the megacity have diurnal peaks in the early morning and late afternoon, which coincide with peak traffic hours and domestic combustion. During these times, NO2 concentrations in the megacity are higher than those in the Highveld hotspot. These diurnal NO2 peaks in the megacity have generally been overlooked by satellite observations because the satellites have fixed local overpass times that do not coincide with these peak periods. Consequently, the importance of NO2 over the megacity has been underestimated. We examined the diurnal cycles of NO2 ground-based measurements for the two areas - the megacity and the Highveld hotspot - and compared them with the satellite-based NO2 observations. Results show that the Highveld hotspot is accompanied by a second hotspot over the megacity, which is of significance for the more than 10 million people living in this megacity. |
| abstractGer |
Globally, numerous pollution hotspots have been identified using satellite-based instruments. One of these hotspots is the prominent NO2 hotspot over the South African Highveld. The tropospheric NO2 column density of this area is comparable to that observed for central and northern Europe, eastern North America and south-east Asia. The most well-known pollution source in this area is a large array of coal-fired power stations. Upon closer inspection, long-term means of satellite observations also show a smaller area, approximately 100 km west of the Highveld hotspot, with a seemingly less substantial NO2 column density. This area correlates with the geographical location of the Johannesburg - Pretoria conurbation or megacity, one of the 40 largest metropolitan areas in the world. Ground-based measurements indicate that NO2 concentrations in the megacity have diurnal peaks in the early morning and late afternoon, which coincide with peak traffic hours and domestic combustion. During these times, NO2 concentrations in the megacity are higher than those in the Highveld hotspot. These diurnal NO2 peaks in the megacity have generally been overlooked by satellite observations because the satellites have fixed local overpass times that do not coincide with these peak periods. Consequently, the importance of NO2 over the megacity has been underestimated. We examined the diurnal cycles of NO2 ground-based measurements for the two areas - the megacity and the Highveld hotspot - and compared them with the satellite-based NO2 observations. Results show that the Highveld hotspot is accompanied by a second hotspot over the megacity, which is of significance for the more than 10 million people living in this megacity. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Globally, numerous pollution hotspots have been identified using satellite-based instruments. One of these hotspots is the prominent NO2 hotspot over the South African Highveld. The tropospheric NO2 column density of this area is comparable to that observed for central and northern Europe, eastern North America and south-east Asia. The most well-known pollution source in this area is a large array of coal-fired power stations. Upon closer inspection, long-term means of satellite observations also show a smaller area, approximately 100 km west of the Highveld hotspot, with a seemingly less substantial NO2 column density. This area correlates with the geographical location of the Johannesburg - Pretoria conurbation or megacity, one of the 40 largest metropolitan areas in the world. Ground-based measurements indicate that NO2 concentrations in the megacity have diurnal peaks in the early morning and late afternoon, which coincide with peak traffic hours and domestic combustion. During these times, NO2 concentrations in the megacity are higher than those in the Highveld hotspot. These diurnal NO2 peaks in the megacity have generally been overlooked by satellite observations because the satellites have fixed local overpass times that do not coincide with these peak periods. Consequently, the importance of NO2 over the megacity has been underestimated. We examined the diurnal cycles of NO2 ground-based measurements for the two areas - the megacity and the Highveld hotspot - and compared them with the satellite-based NO2 observations. Results show that the Highveld hotspot is accompanied by a second hotspot over the megacity, which is of significance for the more than 10 million people living in this megacity. |
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