Early Pleistocene large mammals from Maka’amitalu, Hadar, lower Awash Valley, Ethiopia

The Early Pleistocene was a critical time period in the evolution of eastern African mammal faunas, but fossil assemblages sampling this interval are poorly known from Ethiopia’s Afar Depression. Field work by the Hadar Research Project in the Busidima Formation exposures (~2.7–0.8 Ma) of Hadar in the lower Awash Valley, resulted in the recovery of an early Homo maxilla (A.L. 666-1) with associated stone tools and fauna from the Maka’amitalu basin in the 1990s. These assemblages are dated to ~2.35 Ma by the Bouroukie Tuff 3 (BKT-3). Continued work by the Hadar Research Project over the last two decades has greatly expanded the faunal collection. Here, we provide a comprehensive account of the Maka’amitalu large mammals (Artiodactyla, Carnivora, Perissodactyla, Primates, and Proboscidea) and discuss their paleoecological and biochronological significance. The size of the Maka’amitalu assemblage is small compared to those from the Hadar Formation (3.45–2.95 Ma) and Ledi-Geraru (2.8–2.6 Ma) but includes at least 20 taxa. Bovids, suids, and Theropithecus are common in terms of both species richness and abundance, whereas carnivorans, equids, and megaherbivores are rare. While the taxonomic composition of the Maka’amitalu fauna indicates significant species turnover from the Hadar Formation and Ledi-Geraru deposits, turnover seems to have occurred at a constant rate through time as taxonomic dissimilarity between adjacent fossil assemblages is strongly predicted by their age difference. A similar pattern characterizes functional ecological turnover, with only subtle changes in dietary proportions, body size proportions, and bovid abundances across the composite lower Awash sequence. Biochronological comparisons with other sites in eastern Africa suggest that the taxa recovered from the Maka’amitalu are broadly consistent with the reported age of the BKT-3 tuff. Considering the age of BKT-3 and biochronology, a range of 2.4–1.9 Ma is most likely for the faunal assemblage. Ausführliche Beschreibung

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Autor*in:	John Rowan [verfasserIn] Ignacio A. Lazagabaster [verfasserIn] Christopher J. Campisano [verfasserIn] Faysal Bibi [verfasserIn] René Bobe [verfasserIn] Jean-Renaud Boisserie [verfasserIn] Stephen R. Frost [verfasserIn] Tomas Getachew [verfasserIn] Christopher C. Gilbert [verfasserIn] Margaret E. Lewis [verfasserIn] Sahleselasie Melaku [verfasserIn] Eric Scott [verfasserIn] Antoine Souron [verfasserIn] Lars Werdelin [verfasserIn] William H. Kimbel [verfasserIn] Kaye E. Reed [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2022

Schlagwörter:	Paleoanthropology Paleoecology Biochronology Faunal Turnover Eastern Africa

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: PeerJ - PeerJ Inc., 2013, 10, p e13210(2022)
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:10, p e13210 ; year:2022

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.7717/peerj.13210

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ050991507

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520			\|a The Early Pleistocene was a critical time period in the evolution of eastern African mammal faunas, but fossil assemblages sampling this interval are poorly known from Ethiopia’s Afar Depression. Field work by the Hadar Research Project in the Busidima Formation exposures (~2.7–0.8 Ma) of Hadar in the lower Awash Valley, resulted in the recovery of an early Homo maxilla (A.L. 666-1) with associated stone tools and fauna from the Maka’amitalu basin in the 1990s. These assemblages are dated to ~2.35 Ma by the Bouroukie Tuff 3 (BKT-3). Continued work by the Hadar Research Project over the last two decades has greatly expanded the faunal collection. Here, we provide a comprehensive account of the Maka’amitalu large mammals (Artiodactyla, Carnivora, Perissodactyla, Primates, and Proboscidea) and discuss their paleoecological and biochronological significance. The size of the Maka’amitalu assemblage is small compared to those from the Hadar Formation (3.45–2.95 Ma) and Ledi-Geraru (2.8–2.6 Ma) but includes at least 20 taxa. Bovids, suids, and Theropithecus are common in terms of both species richness and abundance, whereas carnivorans, equids, and megaherbivores are rare. While the taxonomic composition of the Maka’amitalu fauna indicates significant species turnover from the Hadar Formation and Ledi-Geraru deposits, turnover seems to have occurred at a constant rate through time as taxonomic dissimilarity between adjacent fossil assemblages is strongly predicted by their age difference. A similar pattern characterizes functional ecological turnover, with only subtle changes in dietary proportions, body size proportions, and bovid abundances across the composite lower Awash sequence. Biochronological comparisons with other sites in eastern Africa suggest that the taxa recovered from the Maka’amitalu are broadly consistent with the reported age of the BKT-3 tuff. Considering the age of BKT-3 and biochronology, a range of 2.4–1.9 Ma is most likely for the faunal assemblage.
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spelling	10.7717/peerj.13210 doi (DE-627)DOAJ050991507 (DE-599)DOAJb6276817d7a044c687ecb64baf834600 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH301-705.5 John Rowan verfasserin aut Early Pleistocene large mammals from Maka’amitalu, Hadar, lower Awash Valley, Ethiopia 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The Early Pleistocene was a critical time period in the evolution of eastern African mammal faunas, but fossil assemblages sampling this interval are poorly known from Ethiopia’s Afar Depression. Field work by the Hadar Research Project in the Busidima Formation exposures (~2.7–0.8 Ma) of Hadar in the lower Awash Valley, resulted in the recovery of an early Homo maxilla (A.L. 666-1) with associated stone tools and fauna from the Maka’amitalu basin in the 1990s. These assemblages are dated to ~2.35 Ma by the Bouroukie Tuff 3 (BKT-3). Continued work by the Hadar Research Project over the last two decades has greatly expanded the faunal collection. Here, we provide a comprehensive account of the Maka’amitalu large mammals (Artiodactyla, Carnivora, Perissodactyla, Primates, and Proboscidea) and discuss their paleoecological and biochronological significance. The size of the Maka’amitalu assemblage is small compared to those from the Hadar Formation (3.45–2.95 Ma) and Ledi-Geraru (2.8–2.6 Ma) but includes at least 20 taxa. Bovids, suids, and Theropithecus are common in terms of both species richness and abundance, whereas carnivorans, equids, and megaherbivores are rare. While the taxonomic composition of the Maka’amitalu fauna indicates significant species turnover from the Hadar Formation and Ledi-Geraru deposits, turnover seems to have occurred at a constant rate through time as taxonomic dissimilarity between adjacent fossil assemblages is strongly predicted by their age difference. A similar pattern characterizes functional ecological turnover, with only subtle changes in dietary proportions, body size proportions, and bovid abundances across the composite lower Awash sequence. Biochronological comparisons with other sites in eastern Africa suggest that the taxa recovered from the Maka’amitalu are broadly consistent with the reported age of the BKT-3 tuff. Considering the age of BKT-3 and biochronology, a range of 2.4–1.9 Ma is most likely for the faunal assemblage. Paleoanthropology Paleoecology Biochronology Faunal Turnover Eastern Africa Medicine R Biology (General) Ignacio A. Lazagabaster verfasserin aut Christopher J. Campisano verfasserin aut Faysal Bibi verfasserin aut René Bobe verfasserin aut Jean-Renaud Boisserie verfasserin aut Stephen R. Frost verfasserin aut Tomas Getachew verfasserin aut Christopher C. Gilbert verfasserin aut Margaret E. Lewis verfasserin aut Sahleselasie Melaku verfasserin aut Eric Scott verfasserin aut Antoine Souron verfasserin aut Lars Werdelin verfasserin aut William H. Kimbel verfasserin aut Kaye E. Reed verfasserin aut In PeerJ PeerJ Inc., 2013 10, p e13210(2022) (DE-627)736558624 (DE-600)2703241-3 21678359 nnns volume:10, p e13210 year:2022 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13210 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/b6276817d7a044c687ecb64baf834600 kostenfrei https://peerj.com/articles/13210.pdf kostenfrei https://peerj.com/articles/13210/ kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2167-8359 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10, p e13210 2022
allfields_unstemmed	10.7717/peerj.13210 doi (DE-627)DOAJ050991507 (DE-599)DOAJb6276817d7a044c687ecb64baf834600 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH301-705.5 John Rowan verfasserin aut Early Pleistocene large mammals from Maka’amitalu, Hadar, lower Awash Valley, Ethiopia 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The Early Pleistocene was a critical time period in the evolution of eastern African mammal faunas, but fossil assemblages sampling this interval are poorly known from Ethiopia’s Afar Depression. Field work by the Hadar Research Project in the Busidima Formation exposures (~2.7–0.8 Ma) of Hadar in the lower Awash Valley, resulted in the recovery of an early Homo maxilla (A.L. 666-1) with associated stone tools and fauna from the Maka’amitalu basin in the 1990s. These assemblages are dated to ~2.35 Ma by the Bouroukie Tuff 3 (BKT-3). Continued work by the Hadar Research Project over the last two decades has greatly expanded the faunal collection. Here, we provide a comprehensive account of the Maka’amitalu large mammals (Artiodactyla, Carnivora, Perissodactyla, Primates, and Proboscidea) and discuss their paleoecological and biochronological significance. The size of the Maka’amitalu assemblage is small compared to those from the Hadar Formation (3.45–2.95 Ma) and Ledi-Geraru (2.8–2.6 Ma) but includes at least 20 taxa. Bovids, suids, and Theropithecus are common in terms of both species richness and abundance, whereas carnivorans, equids, and megaherbivores are rare. While the taxonomic composition of the Maka’amitalu fauna indicates significant species turnover from the Hadar Formation and Ledi-Geraru deposits, turnover seems to have occurred at a constant rate through time as taxonomic dissimilarity between adjacent fossil assemblages is strongly predicted by their age difference. A similar pattern characterizes functional ecological turnover, with only subtle changes in dietary proportions, body size proportions, and bovid abundances across the composite lower Awash sequence. Biochronological comparisons with other sites in eastern Africa suggest that the taxa recovered from the Maka’amitalu are broadly consistent with the reported age of the BKT-3 tuff. Considering the age of BKT-3 and biochronology, a range of 2.4–1.9 Ma is most likely for the faunal assemblage. Paleoanthropology Paleoecology Biochronology Faunal Turnover Eastern Africa Medicine R Biology (General) Ignacio A. Lazagabaster verfasserin aut Christopher J. Campisano verfasserin aut Faysal Bibi verfasserin aut René Bobe verfasserin aut Jean-Renaud Boisserie verfasserin aut Stephen R. Frost verfasserin aut Tomas Getachew verfasserin aut Christopher C. Gilbert verfasserin aut Margaret E. Lewis verfasserin aut Sahleselasie Melaku verfasserin aut Eric Scott verfasserin aut Antoine Souron verfasserin aut Lars Werdelin verfasserin aut William H. Kimbel verfasserin aut Kaye E. Reed verfasserin aut In PeerJ PeerJ Inc., 2013 10, p e13210(2022) (DE-627)736558624 (DE-600)2703241-3 21678359 nnns volume:10, p e13210 year:2022 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13210 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/b6276817d7a044c687ecb64baf834600 kostenfrei https://peerj.com/articles/13210.pdf kostenfrei https://peerj.com/articles/13210/ kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2167-8359 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10, p e13210 2022
allfieldsGer	10.7717/peerj.13210 doi (DE-627)DOAJ050991507 (DE-599)DOAJb6276817d7a044c687ecb64baf834600 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH301-705.5 John Rowan verfasserin aut Early Pleistocene large mammals from Maka’amitalu, Hadar, lower Awash Valley, Ethiopia 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The Early Pleistocene was a critical time period in the evolution of eastern African mammal faunas, but fossil assemblages sampling this interval are poorly known from Ethiopia’s Afar Depression. Field work by the Hadar Research Project in the Busidima Formation exposures (~2.7–0.8 Ma) of Hadar in the lower Awash Valley, resulted in the recovery of an early Homo maxilla (A.L. 666-1) with associated stone tools and fauna from the Maka’amitalu basin in the 1990s. These assemblages are dated to ~2.35 Ma by the Bouroukie Tuff 3 (BKT-3). Continued work by the Hadar Research Project over the last two decades has greatly expanded the faunal collection. Here, we provide a comprehensive account of the Maka’amitalu large mammals (Artiodactyla, Carnivora, Perissodactyla, Primates, and Proboscidea) and discuss their paleoecological and biochronological significance. The size of the Maka’amitalu assemblage is small compared to those from the Hadar Formation (3.45–2.95 Ma) and Ledi-Geraru (2.8–2.6 Ma) but includes at least 20 taxa. Bovids, suids, and Theropithecus are common in terms of both species richness and abundance, whereas carnivorans, equids, and megaherbivores are rare. While the taxonomic composition of the Maka’amitalu fauna indicates significant species turnover from the Hadar Formation and Ledi-Geraru deposits, turnover seems to have occurred at a constant rate through time as taxonomic dissimilarity between adjacent fossil assemblages is strongly predicted by their age difference. A similar pattern characterizes functional ecological turnover, with only subtle changes in dietary proportions, body size proportions, and bovid abundances across the composite lower Awash sequence. Biochronological comparisons with other sites in eastern Africa suggest that the taxa recovered from the Maka’amitalu are broadly consistent with the reported age of the BKT-3 tuff. Considering the age of BKT-3 and biochronology, a range of 2.4–1.9 Ma is most likely for the faunal assemblage. Paleoanthropology Paleoecology Biochronology Faunal Turnover Eastern Africa Medicine R Biology (General) Ignacio A. Lazagabaster verfasserin aut Christopher J. Campisano verfasserin aut Faysal Bibi verfasserin aut René Bobe verfasserin aut Jean-Renaud Boisserie verfasserin aut Stephen R. Frost verfasserin aut Tomas Getachew verfasserin aut Christopher C. Gilbert verfasserin aut Margaret E. Lewis verfasserin aut Sahleselasie Melaku verfasserin aut Eric Scott verfasserin aut Antoine Souron verfasserin aut Lars Werdelin verfasserin aut William H. Kimbel verfasserin aut Kaye E. Reed verfasserin aut In PeerJ PeerJ Inc., 2013 10, p e13210(2022) (DE-627)736558624 (DE-600)2703241-3 21678359 nnns volume:10, p e13210 year:2022 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13210 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/b6276817d7a044c687ecb64baf834600 kostenfrei https://peerj.com/articles/13210.pdf kostenfrei https://peerj.com/articles/13210/ kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2167-8359 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10, p e13210 2022
allfieldsSound	10.7717/peerj.13210 doi (DE-627)DOAJ050991507 (DE-599)DOAJb6276817d7a044c687ecb64baf834600 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH301-705.5 John Rowan verfasserin aut Early Pleistocene large mammals from Maka’amitalu, Hadar, lower Awash Valley, Ethiopia 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The Early Pleistocene was a critical time period in the evolution of eastern African mammal faunas, but fossil assemblages sampling this interval are poorly known from Ethiopia’s Afar Depression. Field work by the Hadar Research Project in the Busidima Formation exposures (~2.7–0.8 Ma) of Hadar in the lower Awash Valley, resulted in the recovery of an early Homo maxilla (A.L. 666-1) with associated stone tools and fauna from the Maka’amitalu basin in the 1990s. These assemblages are dated to ~2.35 Ma by the Bouroukie Tuff 3 (BKT-3). Continued work by the Hadar Research Project over the last two decades has greatly expanded the faunal collection. Here, we provide a comprehensive account of the Maka’amitalu large mammals (Artiodactyla, Carnivora, Perissodactyla, Primates, and Proboscidea) and discuss their paleoecological and biochronological significance. The size of the Maka’amitalu assemblage is small compared to those from the Hadar Formation (3.45–2.95 Ma) and Ledi-Geraru (2.8–2.6 Ma) but includes at least 20 taxa. Bovids, suids, and Theropithecus are common in terms of both species richness and abundance, whereas carnivorans, equids, and megaherbivores are rare. While the taxonomic composition of the Maka’amitalu fauna indicates significant species turnover from the Hadar Formation and Ledi-Geraru deposits, turnover seems to have occurred at a constant rate through time as taxonomic dissimilarity between adjacent fossil assemblages is strongly predicted by their age difference. A similar pattern characterizes functional ecological turnover, with only subtle changes in dietary proportions, body size proportions, and bovid abundances across the composite lower Awash sequence. Biochronological comparisons with other sites in eastern Africa suggest that the taxa recovered from the Maka’amitalu are broadly consistent with the reported age of the BKT-3 tuff. Considering the age of BKT-3 and biochronology, a range of 2.4–1.9 Ma is most likely for the faunal assemblage. Paleoanthropology Paleoecology Biochronology Faunal Turnover Eastern Africa Medicine R Biology (General) Ignacio A. Lazagabaster verfasserin aut Christopher J. Campisano verfasserin aut Faysal Bibi verfasserin aut René Bobe verfasserin aut Jean-Renaud Boisserie verfasserin aut Stephen R. Frost verfasserin aut Tomas Getachew verfasserin aut Christopher C. Gilbert verfasserin aut Margaret E. Lewis verfasserin aut Sahleselasie Melaku verfasserin aut Eric Scott verfasserin aut Antoine Souron verfasserin aut Lars Werdelin verfasserin aut William H. Kimbel verfasserin aut Kaye E. Reed verfasserin aut In PeerJ PeerJ Inc., 2013 10, p e13210(2022) (DE-627)736558624 (DE-600)2703241-3 21678359 nnns volume:10, p e13210 year:2022 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13210 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/b6276817d7a044c687ecb64baf834600 kostenfrei https://peerj.com/articles/13210.pdf kostenfrei https://peerj.com/articles/13210/ kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2167-8359 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10, p e13210 2022
language	English
source	In PeerJ 10, p e13210(2022) volume:10, p e13210 year:2022
sourceStr	In PeerJ 10, p e13210(2022) volume:10, p e13210 year:2022
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Paleoanthropology Paleoecology Biochronology Faunal Turnover Eastern Africa Medicine R Biology (General)
isfreeaccess_bool	true
container_title	PeerJ
authorswithroles_txt_mv	John Rowan @@aut@@ Ignacio A. Lazagabaster @@aut@@ Christopher J. Campisano @@aut@@ Faysal Bibi @@aut@@ René Bobe @@aut@@ Jean-Renaud Boisserie @@aut@@ Stephen R. Frost @@aut@@ Tomas Getachew @@aut@@ Christopher C. Gilbert @@aut@@ Margaret E. Lewis @@aut@@ Sahleselasie Melaku @@aut@@ Eric Scott @@aut@@ Antoine Souron @@aut@@ Lars Werdelin @@aut@@ William H. Kimbel @@aut@@ Kaye E. Reed @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	736558624
id	DOAJ050991507
language_de	englisch
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spellingShingle	John Rowan misc QH301-705.5 misc Paleoanthropology misc Paleoecology misc Biochronology misc Faunal Turnover misc Eastern Africa misc Medicine misc R misc Biology (General) Early Pleistocene large mammals from Maka’amitalu, Hadar, lower Awash Valley, Ethiopia
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topic_title	QH301-705.5 Early Pleistocene large mammals from Maka’amitalu, Hadar, lower Awash Valley, Ethiopia Paleoanthropology Paleoecology Biochronology Faunal Turnover Eastern Africa
topic	misc QH301-705.5 misc Paleoanthropology misc Paleoecology misc Biochronology misc Faunal Turnover misc Eastern Africa misc Medicine misc R misc Biology (General)
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title	Early Pleistocene large mammals from Maka’amitalu, Hadar, lower Awash Valley, Ethiopia
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title_full	Early Pleistocene large mammals from Maka’amitalu, Hadar, lower Awash Valley, Ethiopia
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title_auth	Early Pleistocene large mammals from Maka’amitalu, Hadar, lower Awash Valley, Ethiopia
abstract	The Early Pleistocene was a critical time period in the evolution of eastern African mammal faunas, but fossil assemblages sampling this interval are poorly known from Ethiopia’s Afar Depression. Field work by the Hadar Research Project in the Busidima Formation exposures (~2.7–0.8 Ma) of Hadar in the lower Awash Valley, resulted in the recovery of an early Homo maxilla (A.L. 666-1) with associated stone tools and fauna from the Maka’amitalu basin in the 1990s. These assemblages are dated to ~2.35 Ma by the Bouroukie Tuff 3 (BKT-3). Continued work by the Hadar Research Project over the last two decades has greatly expanded the faunal collection. Here, we provide a comprehensive account of the Maka’amitalu large mammals (Artiodactyla, Carnivora, Perissodactyla, Primates, and Proboscidea) and discuss their paleoecological and biochronological significance. The size of the Maka’amitalu assemblage is small compared to those from the Hadar Formation (3.45–2.95 Ma) and Ledi-Geraru (2.8–2.6 Ma) but includes at least 20 taxa. Bovids, suids, and Theropithecus are common in terms of both species richness and abundance, whereas carnivorans, equids, and megaherbivores are rare. While the taxonomic composition of the Maka’amitalu fauna indicates significant species turnover from the Hadar Formation and Ledi-Geraru deposits, turnover seems to have occurred at a constant rate through time as taxonomic dissimilarity between adjacent fossil assemblages is strongly predicted by their age difference. A similar pattern characterizes functional ecological turnover, with only subtle changes in dietary proportions, body size proportions, and bovid abundances across the composite lower Awash sequence. Biochronological comparisons with other sites in eastern Africa suggest that the taxa recovered from the Maka’amitalu are broadly consistent with the reported age of the BKT-3 tuff. Considering the age of BKT-3 and biochronology, a range of 2.4–1.9 Ma is most likely for the faunal assemblage.
abstractGer	The Early Pleistocene was a critical time period in the evolution of eastern African mammal faunas, but fossil assemblages sampling this interval are poorly known from Ethiopia’s Afar Depression. Field work by the Hadar Research Project in the Busidima Formation exposures (~2.7–0.8 Ma) of Hadar in the lower Awash Valley, resulted in the recovery of an early Homo maxilla (A.L. 666-1) with associated stone tools and fauna from the Maka’amitalu basin in the 1990s. These assemblages are dated to ~2.35 Ma by the Bouroukie Tuff 3 (BKT-3). Continued work by the Hadar Research Project over the last two decades has greatly expanded the faunal collection. Here, we provide a comprehensive account of the Maka’amitalu large mammals (Artiodactyla, Carnivora, Perissodactyla, Primates, and Proboscidea) and discuss their paleoecological and biochronological significance. The size of the Maka’amitalu assemblage is small compared to those from the Hadar Formation (3.45–2.95 Ma) and Ledi-Geraru (2.8–2.6 Ma) but includes at least 20 taxa. Bovids, suids, and Theropithecus are common in terms of both species richness and abundance, whereas carnivorans, equids, and megaherbivores are rare. While the taxonomic composition of the Maka’amitalu fauna indicates significant species turnover from the Hadar Formation and Ledi-Geraru deposits, turnover seems to have occurred at a constant rate through time as taxonomic dissimilarity between adjacent fossil assemblages is strongly predicted by their age difference. A similar pattern characterizes functional ecological turnover, with only subtle changes in dietary proportions, body size proportions, and bovid abundances across the composite lower Awash sequence. Biochronological comparisons with other sites in eastern Africa suggest that the taxa recovered from the Maka’amitalu are broadly consistent with the reported age of the BKT-3 tuff. Considering the age of BKT-3 and biochronology, a range of 2.4–1.9 Ma is most likely for the faunal assemblage.
abstract_unstemmed	The Early Pleistocene was a critical time period in the evolution of eastern African mammal faunas, but fossil assemblages sampling this interval are poorly known from Ethiopia’s Afar Depression. Field work by the Hadar Research Project in the Busidima Formation exposures (~2.7–0.8 Ma) of Hadar in the lower Awash Valley, resulted in the recovery of an early Homo maxilla (A.L. 666-1) with associated stone tools and fauna from the Maka’amitalu basin in the 1990s. These assemblages are dated to ~2.35 Ma by the Bouroukie Tuff 3 (BKT-3). Continued work by the Hadar Research Project over the last two decades has greatly expanded the faunal collection. Here, we provide a comprehensive account of the Maka’amitalu large mammals (Artiodactyla, Carnivora, Perissodactyla, Primates, and Proboscidea) and discuss their paleoecological and biochronological significance. The size of the Maka’amitalu assemblage is small compared to those from the Hadar Formation (3.45–2.95 Ma) and Ledi-Geraru (2.8–2.6 Ma) but includes at least 20 taxa. Bovids, suids, and Theropithecus are common in terms of both species richness and abundance, whereas carnivorans, equids, and megaherbivores are rare. While the taxonomic composition of the Maka’amitalu fauna indicates significant species turnover from the Hadar Formation and Ledi-Geraru deposits, turnover seems to have occurred at a constant rate through time as taxonomic dissimilarity between adjacent fossil assemblages is strongly predicted by their age difference. A similar pattern characterizes functional ecological turnover, with only subtle changes in dietary proportions, body size proportions, and bovid abundances across the composite lower Awash sequence. Biochronological comparisons with other sites in eastern Africa suggest that the taxa recovered from the Maka’amitalu are broadly consistent with the reported age of the BKT-3 tuff. Considering the age of BKT-3 and biochronology, a range of 2.4–1.9 Ma is most likely for the faunal assemblage.
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title_short	Early Pleistocene large mammals from Maka’amitalu, Hadar, lower Awash Valley, Ethiopia
url	https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13210 https://doaj.org/article/b6276817d7a044c687ecb64baf834600 https://peerj.com/articles/13210.pdf https://peerj.com/articles/13210/ https://doaj.org/toc/2167-8359
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Early Pleistocene large mammals from Maka’amitalu, Hadar, lower Awash Valley, Ethiopia

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Vorhandene Bände

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