Drugs, dogs and driving: the potential for year-round thermal stress in UK vehicles

Background: Dogs are regularly transported or housed in vehicles, with guidelines for housing dogs suggesting that the ambient temperature should be maintained between 15 – 24 °C. Veterinary drugs are routinely stored and carried in vehicles providing ambulatory veterinary care. Non-refrigerated med...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Anne J. Carter [verfasserIn] Emily J. Hall [verfasserIn] Sophie L. Connolly [verfasserIn] Zoe F. Russell [verfasserIn] Kirsty Mitchell [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2020

Schlagwörter:	car temperature dog transport drug storage thermal stress

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Open Veterinary Journal - Tripoli University, 2011, 10(2020), 2, Seite 216-225
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:10 ; year:2020 ; number:2 ; pages:216-225

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc Journal toc

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ051180383

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520			\|a Background: Dogs are regularly transported or housed in vehicles, with guidelines for housing dogs suggesting that the ambient temperature should be maintained between 15 – 24 °C. Veterinary drugs are routinely stored and carried in vehicles providing ambulatory veterinary care. Non-refrigerated medications typically require storage between 8 – 25 °C. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the potential for thermal stress associated with vehicular storage and transportation of drugs and dogs in a temperate climate such as the United Kingdom. Methods: The study used data loggers to continuously record internal temperatures of four vehicles at 15-minute intervals over a two-year period, to investigate the effect of seasonality and time of day on internal car temperature. Results: Internal car temperature ranged from -7.4 °C to 54.5 °C during the study period. Temperatures fell below 8 °C in every month except June and July. Internal car temperature exceeded typical drug storage recommendations (< 25°C) during every month, and exceeded the canine thermo-neutral zone (< 35°C) from April to September. Peak temperatures occurred between 14:00 and 17:00 hours. Conclusion: The results demonstrate the year-round potential for thermal stress of both dogs and drugs left in cars. Public awareness campaigns highlighting the risks of leaving dogs in hot cars are typically launched in late spring, but should consider launching earlier in light of these findings. Veterinary surgeons transporting drugs should take measures to ensure drugs are stored within the manufacturer’s temperature range year-round. This will limit the potential for drug degradation and decreased efficacy.
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allfields	(DE-627)DOAJ051180383 (DE-599)DOAJ0008ead860594c0a820a0a7c71f6c951 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QL1-991 Anne J. Carter verfasserin aut Drugs, dogs and driving: the potential for year-round thermal stress in UK vehicles 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Dogs are regularly transported or housed in vehicles, with guidelines for housing dogs suggesting that the ambient temperature should be maintained between 15 – 24 °C. Veterinary drugs are routinely stored and carried in vehicles providing ambulatory veterinary care. Non-refrigerated medications typically require storage between 8 – 25 °C. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the potential for thermal stress associated with vehicular storage and transportation of drugs and dogs in a temperate climate such as the United Kingdom. Methods: The study used data loggers to continuously record internal temperatures of four vehicles at 15-minute intervals over a two-year period, to investigate the effect of seasonality and time of day on internal car temperature. Results: Internal car temperature ranged from -7.4 °C to 54.5 °C during the study period. Temperatures fell below 8 °C in every month except June and July. Internal car temperature exceeded typical drug storage recommendations (< 25°C) during every month, and exceeded the canine thermo-neutral zone (< 35°C) from April to September. Peak temperatures occurred between 14:00 and 17:00 hours. Conclusion: The results demonstrate the year-round potential for thermal stress of both dogs and drugs left in cars. Public awareness campaigns highlighting the risks of leaving dogs in hot cars are typically launched in late spring, but should consider launching earlier in light of these findings. Veterinary surgeons transporting drugs should take measures to ensure drugs are stored within the manufacturer’s temperature range year-round. This will limit the potential for drug degradation and decreased efficacy. car temperature dog transport drug storage thermal stress Zoology Emily J. Hall verfasserin aut Sophie L. Connolly verfasserin aut Zoe F. Russell verfasserin aut Kirsty Mitchell verfasserin aut In Open Veterinary Journal Tripoli University, 2011 10(2020), 2, Seite 216-225 (DE-627)686948084 (DE-600)2651664-0 22186050 nnns volume:10 year:2020 number:2 pages:216-225 http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ovj.v10i2.11 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0008ead860594c0a820a0a7c71f6c951 kostenfrei https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/OVJ-2020-01-023%20A.J.%20Carter%20et%20al.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2218-6050 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2218-6050 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2020 2 216-225
spelling	(DE-627)DOAJ051180383 (DE-599)DOAJ0008ead860594c0a820a0a7c71f6c951 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QL1-991 Anne J. Carter verfasserin aut Drugs, dogs and driving: the potential for year-round thermal stress in UK vehicles 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Dogs are regularly transported or housed in vehicles, with guidelines for housing dogs suggesting that the ambient temperature should be maintained between 15 – 24 °C. Veterinary drugs are routinely stored and carried in vehicles providing ambulatory veterinary care. Non-refrigerated medications typically require storage between 8 – 25 °C. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the potential for thermal stress associated with vehicular storage and transportation of drugs and dogs in a temperate climate such as the United Kingdom. Methods: The study used data loggers to continuously record internal temperatures of four vehicles at 15-minute intervals over a two-year period, to investigate the effect of seasonality and time of day on internal car temperature. Results: Internal car temperature ranged from -7.4 °C to 54.5 °C during the study period. Temperatures fell below 8 °C in every month except June and July. Internal car temperature exceeded typical drug storage recommendations (< 25°C) during every month, and exceeded the canine thermo-neutral zone (< 35°C) from April to September. Peak temperatures occurred between 14:00 and 17:00 hours. Conclusion: The results demonstrate the year-round potential for thermal stress of both dogs and drugs left in cars. Public awareness campaigns highlighting the risks of leaving dogs in hot cars are typically launched in late spring, but should consider launching earlier in light of these findings. Veterinary surgeons transporting drugs should take measures to ensure drugs are stored within the manufacturer’s temperature range year-round. This will limit the potential for drug degradation and decreased efficacy. car temperature dog transport drug storage thermal stress Zoology Emily J. Hall verfasserin aut Sophie L. Connolly verfasserin aut Zoe F. Russell verfasserin aut Kirsty Mitchell verfasserin aut In Open Veterinary Journal Tripoli University, 2011 10(2020), 2, Seite 216-225 (DE-627)686948084 (DE-600)2651664-0 22186050 nnns volume:10 year:2020 number:2 pages:216-225 http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ovj.v10i2.11 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0008ead860594c0a820a0a7c71f6c951 kostenfrei https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/OVJ-2020-01-023%20A.J.%20Carter%20et%20al.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2218-6050 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2218-6050 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2020 2 216-225
allfields_unstemmed	(DE-627)DOAJ051180383 (DE-599)DOAJ0008ead860594c0a820a0a7c71f6c951 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QL1-991 Anne J. Carter verfasserin aut Drugs, dogs and driving: the potential for year-round thermal stress in UK vehicles 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Dogs are regularly transported or housed in vehicles, with guidelines for housing dogs suggesting that the ambient temperature should be maintained between 15 – 24 °C. Veterinary drugs are routinely stored and carried in vehicles providing ambulatory veterinary care. Non-refrigerated medications typically require storage between 8 – 25 °C. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the potential for thermal stress associated with vehicular storage and transportation of drugs and dogs in a temperate climate such as the United Kingdom. Methods: The study used data loggers to continuously record internal temperatures of four vehicles at 15-minute intervals over a two-year period, to investigate the effect of seasonality and time of day on internal car temperature. Results: Internal car temperature ranged from -7.4 °C to 54.5 °C during the study period. Temperatures fell below 8 °C in every month except June and July. Internal car temperature exceeded typical drug storage recommendations (< 25°C) during every month, and exceeded the canine thermo-neutral zone (< 35°C) from April to September. Peak temperatures occurred between 14:00 and 17:00 hours. Conclusion: The results demonstrate the year-round potential for thermal stress of both dogs and drugs left in cars. Public awareness campaigns highlighting the risks of leaving dogs in hot cars are typically launched in late spring, but should consider launching earlier in light of these findings. Veterinary surgeons transporting drugs should take measures to ensure drugs are stored within the manufacturer’s temperature range year-round. This will limit the potential for drug degradation and decreased efficacy. car temperature dog transport drug storage thermal stress Zoology Emily J. Hall verfasserin aut Sophie L. Connolly verfasserin aut Zoe F. Russell verfasserin aut Kirsty Mitchell verfasserin aut In Open Veterinary Journal Tripoli University, 2011 10(2020), 2, Seite 216-225 (DE-627)686948084 (DE-600)2651664-0 22186050 nnns volume:10 year:2020 number:2 pages:216-225 http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ovj.v10i2.11 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0008ead860594c0a820a0a7c71f6c951 kostenfrei https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/OVJ-2020-01-023%20A.J.%20Carter%20et%20al.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2218-6050 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2218-6050 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2020 2 216-225
allfieldsGer	(DE-627)DOAJ051180383 (DE-599)DOAJ0008ead860594c0a820a0a7c71f6c951 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QL1-991 Anne J. Carter verfasserin aut Drugs, dogs and driving: the potential for year-round thermal stress in UK vehicles 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Dogs are regularly transported or housed in vehicles, with guidelines for housing dogs suggesting that the ambient temperature should be maintained between 15 – 24 °C. Veterinary drugs are routinely stored and carried in vehicles providing ambulatory veterinary care. Non-refrigerated medications typically require storage between 8 – 25 °C. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the potential for thermal stress associated with vehicular storage and transportation of drugs and dogs in a temperate climate such as the United Kingdom. Methods: The study used data loggers to continuously record internal temperatures of four vehicles at 15-minute intervals over a two-year period, to investigate the effect of seasonality and time of day on internal car temperature. Results: Internal car temperature ranged from -7.4 °C to 54.5 °C during the study period. Temperatures fell below 8 °C in every month except June and July. Internal car temperature exceeded typical drug storage recommendations (< 25°C) during every month, and exceeded the canine thermo-neutral zone (< 35°C) from April to September. Peak temperatures occurred between 14:00 and 17:00 hours. Conclusion: The results demonstrate the year-round potential for thermal stress of both dogs and drugs left in cars. Public awareness campaigns highlighting the risks of leaving dogs in hot cars are typically launched in late spring, but should consider launching earlier in light of these findings. Veterinary surgeons transporting drugs should take measures to ensure drugs are stored within the manufacturer’s temperature range year-round. This will limit the potential for drug degradation and decreased efficacy. car temperature dog transport drug storage thermal stress Zoology Emily J. Hall verfasserin aut Sophie L. Connolly verfasserin aut Zoe F. Russell verfasserin aut Kirsty Mitchell verfasserin aut In Open Veterinary Journal Tripoli University, 2011 10(2020), 2, Seite 216-225 (DE-627)686948084 (DE-600)2651664-0 22186050 nnns volume:10 year:2020 number:2 pages:216-225 http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ovj.v10i2.11 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0008ead860594c0a820a0a7c71f6c951 kostenfrei https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/OVJ-2020-01-023%20A.J.%20Carter%20et%20al.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2218-6050 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2218-6050 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2020 2 216-225
allfieldsSound	(DE-627)DOAJ051180383 (DE-599)DOAJ0008ead860594c0a820a0a7c71f6c951 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QL1-991 Anne J. Carter verfasserin aut Drugs, dogs and driving: the potential for year-round thermal stress in UK vehicles 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Dogs are regularly transported or housed in vehicles, with guidelines for housing dogs suggesting that the ambient temperature should be maintained between 15 – 24 °C. Veterinary drugs are routinely stored and carried in vehicles providing ambulatory veterinary care. Non-refrigerated medications typically require storage between 8 – 25 °C. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the potential for thermal stress associated with vehicular storage and transportation of drugs and dogs in a temperate climate such as the United Kingdom. Methods: The study used data loggers to continuously record internal temperatures of four vehicles at 15-minute intervals over a two-year period, to investigate the effect of seasonality and time of day on internal car temperature. Results: Internal car temperature ranged from -7.4 °C to 54.5 °C during the study period. Temperatures fell below 8 °C in every month except June and July. Internal car temperature exceeded typical drug storage recommendations (< 25°C) during every month, and exceeded the canine thermo-neutral zone (< 35°C) from April to September. Peak temperatures occurred between 14:00 and 17:00 hours. Conclusion: The results demonstrate the year-round potential for thermal stress of both dogs and drugs left in cars. Public awareness campaigns highlighting the risks of leaving dogs in hot cars are typically launched in late spring, but should consider launching earlier in light of these findings. Veterinary surgeons transporting drugs should take measures to ensure drugs are stored within the manufacturer’s temperature range year-round. This will limit the potential for drug degradation and decreased efficacy. car temperature dog transport drug storage thermal stress Zoology Emily J. Hall verfasserin aut Sophie L. Connolly verfasserin aut Zoe F. Russell verfasserin aut Kirsty Mitchell verfasserin aut In Open Veterinary Journal Tripoli University, 2011 10(2020), 2, Seite 216-225 (DE-627)686948084 (DE-600)2651664-0 22186050 nnns volume:10 year:2020 number:2 pages:216-225 http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ovj.v10i2.11 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0008ead860594c0a820a0a7c71f6c951 kostenfrei https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/OVJ-2020-01-023%20A.J.%20Carter%20et%20al.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2218-6050 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2218-6050 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2020 2 216-225
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Carter</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Drugs, dogs and driving: the potential for year-round thermal stress in UK vehicles</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2020</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Background: Dogs are regularly transported or housed in vehicles, with guidelines for housing dogs suggesting that the ambient temperature should be maintained between 15 – 24 °C. 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callnumber-first	Q - Science
author	Anne J. Carter
spellingShingle	Anne J. Carter misc QL1-991 misc car temperature misc dog transport misc drug storage misc thermal stress misc Zoology Drugs, dogs and driving: the potential for year-round thermal stress in UK vehicles
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topic_title	QL1-991 Drugs, dogs and driving: the potential for year-round thermal stress in UK vehicles car temperature dog transport drug storage thermal stress
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title	Drugs, dogs and driving: the potential for year-round thermal stress in UK vehicles
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title_full	Drugs, dogs and driving: the potential for year-round thermal stress in UK vehicles
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author_browse	Anne J. Carter Emily J. Hall Sophie L. Connolly Zoe F. Russell Kirsty Mitchell
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title_sort	drugs, dogs and driving: the potential for year-round thermal stress in uk vehicles
callnumber	QL1-991
title_auth	Drugs, dogs and driving: the potential for year-round thermal stress in UK vehicles
abstract	Background: Dogs are regularly transported or housed in vehicles, with guidelines for housing dogs suggesting that the ambient temperature should be maintained between 15 – 24 °C. Veterinary drugs are routinely stored and carried in vehicles providing ambulatory veterinary care. Non-refrigerated medications typically require storage between 8 – 25 °C. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the potential for thermal stress associated with vehicular storage and transportation of drugs and dogs in a temperate climate such as the United Kingdom. Methods: The study used data loggers to continuously record internal temperatures of four vehicles at 15-minute intervals over a two-year period, to investigate the effect of seasonality and time of day on internal car temperature. Results: Internal car temperature ranged from -7.4 °C to 54.5 °C during the study period. Temperatures fell below 8 °C in every month except June and July. Internal car temperature exceeded typical drug storage recommendations (< 25°C) during every month, and exceeded the canine thermo-neutral zone (< 35°C) from April to September. Peak temperatures occurred between 14:00 and 17:00 hours. Conclusion: The results demonstrate the year-round potential for thermal stress of both dogs and drugs left in cars. Public awareness campaigns highlighting the risks of leaving dogs in hot cars are typically launched in late spring, but should consider launching earlier in light of these findings. Veterinary surgeons transporting drugs should take measures to ensure drugs are stored within the manufacturer’s temperature range year-round. This will limit the potential for drug degradation and decreased efficacy.
abstractGer	Background: Dogs are regularly transported or housed in vehicles, with guidelines for housing dogs suggesting that the ambient temperature should be maintained between 15 – 24 °C. Veterinary drugs are routinely stored and carried in vehicles providing ambulatory veterinary care. Non-refrigerated medications typically require storage between 8 – 25 °C. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the potential for thermal stress associated with vehicular storage and transportation of drugs and dogs in a temperate climate such as the United Kingdom. Methods: The study used data loggers to continuously record internal temperatures of four vehicles at 15-minute intervals over a two-year period, to investigate the effect of seasonality and time of day on internal car temperature. Results: Internal car temperature ranged from -7.4 °C to 54.5 °C during the study period. Temperatures fell below 8 °C in every month except June and July. Internal car temperature exceeded typical drug storage recommendations (< 25°C) during every month, and exceeded the canine thermo-neutral zone (< 35°C) from April to September. Peak temperatures occurred between 14:00 and 17:00 hours. Conclusion: The results demonstrate the year-round potential for thermal stress of both dogs and drugs left in cars. Public awareness campaigns highlighting the risks of leaving dogs in hot cars are typically launched in late spring, but should consider launching earlier in light of these findings. Veterinary surgeons transporting drugs should take measures to ensure drugs are stored within the manufacturer’s temperature range year-round. This will limit the potential for drug degradation and decreased efficacy.
abstract_unstemmed	Background: Dogs are regularly transported or housed in vehicles, with guidelines for housing dogs suggesting that the ambient temperature should be maintained between 15 – 24 °C. Veterinary drugs are routinely stored and carried in vehicles providing ambulatory veterinary care. Non-refrigerated medications typically require storage between 8 – 25 °C. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the potential for thermal stress associated with vehicular storage and transportation of drugs and dogs in a temperate climate such as the United Kingdom. Methods: The study used data loggers to continuously record internal temperatures of four vehicles at 15-minute intervals over a two-year period, to investigate the effect of seasonality and time of day on internal car temperature. Results: Internal car temperature ranged from -7.4 °C to 54.5 °C during the study period. Temperatures fell below 8 °C in every month except June and July. Internal car temperature exceeded typical drug storage recommendations (< 25°C) during every month, and exceeded the canine thermo-neutral zone (< 35°C) from April to September. Peak temperatures occurred between 14:00 and 17:00 hours. Conclusion: The results demonstrate the year-round potential for thermal stress of both dogs and drugs left in cars. Public awareness campaigns highlighting the risks of leaving dogs in hot cars are typically launched in late spring, but should consider launching earlier in light of these findings. Veterinary surgeons transporting drugs should take measures to ensure drugs are stored within the manufacturer’s temperature range year-round. This will limit the potential for drug degradation and decreased efficacy.
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title_short	Drugs, dogs and driving: the potential for year-round thermal stress in UK vehicles
url	http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ovj.v10i2.11 https://doaj.org/article/0008ead860594c0a820a0a7c71f6c951 https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/OVJ-2020-01-023%20A.J.%20Carter%20et%20al.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/2218-6050
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up_date	2024-07-03T18:51:06.875Z
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