A New Organic-Inorganic Compound Fertilizer for Improving Growth, Yield, and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Biosynthesis of Fragrant Rice

Fragrant rice (<i<Oryza sativa</i< L.) is a high-valued rice type and possesses a unique aroma with 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) as the critical component. However, the cultivation measures in fragrant rice production are far from perfect. In this study, a new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer was made with organic matter, urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride, zinc sulfate, and lanthanum chloride. A four-year field experiment was conducted to investigate its effects on fragrant rice growth, yield formation, and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biosynthesis. Three treatments, i.e., (CK) no fertilizer was applied, (IF) the urea, superphosphate, and potassium chloride were applied at 234 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, 450 kg ha<sup<−1</sup< and 108 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, and (OICF) this new fertilizer composed of 10% organic matter, 26% urea, 50% superphosphate, 12% potassium chloride, 1.9% zinc sulfate, and 0.1% lanthanum chloride, was applied at 900 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, were adopted in the present study. Across four experimental years, the results showed that the grain yield in OICF treatment ranged between 5.86–8.29 t ha<sup<−1</sup<, and was significantly (<i<p</i< < 0.05) higher than that in IF treatment and CK. The improvement in grain yield due to OICF treatment was explained by increased effective panicle number per m<sup<2</sup< and seed-setting rate. The highest or equally highest chlorophyll content and the net photosynthetic rate at 20, 40, 60, and 80 days after transplanting were recorded in OICF treatment among three treatments. OICF treatment also increased the aboveground biomass of fragrant rice compared with IF treatment and CK. Moreover, compared with CK and IF treatment, OICF treatment significantly (<i<p</i< < 0.05) increased grain 2-AP content by 30–38% and 10–21%, respectively. The contents of 2-AP related precursors, including proline and 1-pyrroline, also increased due to OICF treatment. This study provided a new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and suggested that it could be used to achieve the goals of high yield and high grain 2-AP content in fragrant rice production. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Haowen Luo [verfasserIn] Meiyang Duan [verfasserIn] Longxin He [verfasserIn] Shuying Yang [verfasserIn] Yingbin Zou [verfasserIn] Xiangru Tang [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Schlagwörter:	fertilizer fragrant rice photosynthesis yield formation 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Agriculture - MDPI AG, 2012, 11(2021), 11, p 1121
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:11 ; year:2021 ; number:11, p 1121

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/agriculture11111121

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ052596613

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allfields	10.3390/agriculture11111121 doi (DE-627)DOAJ052596613 (DE-599)DOAJ5a7559275bd84af8a3347a5a710173a4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng S1-972 Haowen Luo verfasserin aut A New Organic-Inorganic Compound Fertilizer for Improving Growth, Yield, and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Biosynthesis of Fragrant Rice 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Fragrant rice (<i<Oryza sativa</i< L.) is a high-valued rice type and possesses a unique aroma with 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) as the critical component. However, the cultivation measures in fragrant rice production are far from perfect. In this study, a new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer was made with organic matter, urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride, zinc sulfate, and lanthanum chloride. A four-year field experiment was conducted to investigate its effects on fragrant rice growth, yield formation, and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biosynthesis. Three treatments, i.e., (CK) no fertilizer was applied, (IF) the urea, superphosphate, and potassium chloride were applied at 234 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, 450 kg ha<sup<−1</sup< and 108 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, and (OICF) this new fertilizer composed of 10% organic matter, 26% urea, 50% superphosphate, 12% potassium chloride, 1.9% zinc sulfate, and 0.1% lanthanum chloride, was applied at 900 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, were adopted in the present study. Across four experimental years, the results showed that the grain yield in OICF treatment ranged between 5.86–8.29 t ha<sup<−1</sup<, and was significantly (<i<p</i< < 0.05) higher than that in IF treatment and CK. The improvement in grain yield due to OICF treatment was explained by increased effective panicle number per m<sup<2</sup< and seed-setting rate. The highest or equally highest chlorophyll content and the net photosynthetic rate at 20, 40, 60, and 80 days after transplanting were recorded in OICF treatment among three treatments. OICF treatment also increased the aboveground biomass of fragrant rice compared with IF treatment and CK. Moreover, compared with CK and IF treatment, OICF treatment significantly (<i<p</i< < 0.05) increased grain 2-AP content by 30–38% and 10–21%, respectively. The contents of 2-AP related precursors, including proline and 1-pyrroline, also increased due to OICF treatment. This study provided a new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and suggested that it could be used to achieve the goals of high yield and high grain 2-AP content in fragrant rice production. fertilizer fragrant rice photosynthesis yield formation 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline Agriculture (General) Meiyang Duan verfasserin aut Longxin He verfasserin aut Shuying Yang verfasserin aut Yingbin Zou verfasserin aut Xiangru Tang verfasserin aut In Agriculture MDPI AG, 2012 11(2021), 11, p 1121 (DE-627)686948173 (DE-600)2651678-0 20770472 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:11, p 1121 https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11111121 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/5a7559275bd84af8a3347a5a710173a4 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/11/1121 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0472 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 11, p 1121
spelling	10.3390/agriculture11111121 doi (DE-627)DOAJ052596613 (DE-599)DOAJ5a7559275bd84af8a3347a5a710173a4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng S1-972 Haowen Luo verfasserin aut A New Organic-Inorganic Compound Fertilizer for Improving Growth, Yield, and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Biosynthesis of Fragrant Rice 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Fragrant rice (<i<Oryza sativa</i< L.) is a high-valued rice type and possesses a unique aroma with 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) as the critical component. However, the cultivation measures in fragrant rice production are far from perfect. In this study, a new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer was made with organic matter, urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride, zinc sulfate, and lanthanum chloride. A four-year field experiment was conducted to investigate its effects on fragrant rice growth, yield formation, and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biosynthesis. Three treatments, i.e., (CK) no fertilizer was applied, (IF) the urea, superphosphate, and potassium chloride were applied at 234 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, 450 kg ha<sup<−1</sup< and 108 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, and (OICF) this new fertilizer composed of 10% organic matter, 26% urea, 50% superphosphate, 12% potassium chloride, 1.9% zinc sulfate, and 0.1% lanthanum chloride, was applied at 900 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, were adopted in the present study. Across four experimental years, the results showed that the grain yield in OICF treatment ranged between 5.86–8.29 t ha<sup<−1</sup<, and was significantly (<i<p</i< < 0.05) higher than that in IF treatment and CK. The improvement in grain yield due to OICF treatment was explained by increased effective panicle number per m<sup<2</sup< and seed-setting rate. The highest or equally highest chlorophyll content and the net photosynthetic rate at 20, 40, 60, and 80 days after transplanting were recorded in OICF treatment among three treatments. OICF treatment also increased the aboveground biomass of fragrant rice compared with IF treatment and CK. Moreover, compared with CK and IF treatment, OICF treatment significantly (<i<p</i< < 0.05) increased grain 2-AP content by 30–38% and 10–21%, respectively. The contents of 2-AP related precursors, including proline and 1-pyrroline, also increased due to OICF treatment. This study provided a new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and suggested that it could be used to achieve the goals of high yield and high grain 2-AP content in fragrant rice production. fertilizer fragrant rice photosynthesis yield formation 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline Agriculture (General) Meiyang Duan verfasserin aut Longxin He verfasserin aut Shuying Yang verfasserin aut Yingbin Zou verfasserin aut Xiangru Tang verfasserin aut In Agriculture MDPI AG, 2012 11(2021), 11, p 1121 (DE-627)686948173 (DE-600)2651678-0 20770472 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:11, p 1121 https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11111121 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/5a7559275bd84af8a3347a5a710173a4 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/11/1121 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0472 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 11, p 1121
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/agriculture11111121 doi (DE-627)DOAJ052596613 (DE-599)DOAJ5a7559275bd84af8a3347a5a710173a4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng S1-972 Haowen Luo verfasserin aut A New Organic-Inorganic Compound Fertilizer for Improving Growth, Yield, and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Biosynthesis of Fragrant Rice 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Fragrant rice (<i<Oryza sativa</i< L.) is a high-valued rice type and possesses a unique aroma with 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) as the critical component. However, the cultivation measures in fragrant rice production are far from perfect. In this study, a new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer was made with organic matter, urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride, zinc sulfate, and lanthanum chloride. A four-year field experiment was conducted to investigate its effects on fragrant rice growth, yield formation, and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biosynthesis. Three treatments, i.e., (CK) no fertilizer was applied, (IF) the urea, superphosphate, and potassium chloride were applied at 234 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, 450 kg ha<sup<−1</sup< and 108 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, and (OICF) this new fertilizer composed of 10% organic matter, 26% urea, 50% superphosphate, 12% potassium chloride, 1.9% zinc sulfate, and 0.1% lanthanum chloride, was applied at 900 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, were adopted in the present study. Across four experimental years, the results showed that the grain yield in OICF treatment ranged between 5.86–8.29 t ha<sup<−1</sup<, and was significantly (<i<p</i< < 0.05) higher than that in IF treatment and CK. The improvement in grain yield due to OICF treatment was explained by increased effective panicle number per m<sup<2</sup< and seed-setting rate. The highest or equally highest chlorophyll content and the net photosynthetic rate at 20, 40, 60, and 80 days after transplanting were recorded in OICF treatment among three treatments. OICF treatment also increased the aboveground biomass of fragrant rice compared with IF treatment and CK. Moreover, compared with CK and IF treatment, OICF treatment significantly (<i<p</i< < 0.05) increased grain 2-AP content by 30–38% and 10–21%, respectively. The contents of 2-AP related precursors, including proline and 1-pyrroline, also increased due to OICF treatment. This study provided a new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and suggested that it could be used to achieve the goals of high yield and high grain 2-AP content in fragrant rice production. fertilizer fragrant rice photosynthesis yield formation 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline Agriculture (General) Meiyang Duan verfasserin aut Longxin He verfasserin aut Shuying Yang verfasserin aut Yingbin Zou verfasserin aut Xiangru Tang verfasserin aut In Agriculture MDPI AG, 2012 11(2021), 11, p 1121 (DE-627)686948173 (DE-600)2651678-0 20770472 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:11, p 1121 https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11111121 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/5a7559275bd84af8a3347a5a710173a4 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/11/1121 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0472 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 11, p 1121
allfieldsGer	10.3390/agriculture11111121 doi (DE-627)DOAJ052596613 (DE-599)DOAJ5a7559275bd84af8a3347a5a710173a4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng S1-972 Haowen Luo verfasserin aut A New Organic-Inorganic Compound Fertilizer for Improving Growth, Yield, and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Biosynthesis of Fragrant Rice 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Fragrant rice (<i<Oryza sativa</i< L.) is a high-valued rice type and possesses a unique aroma with 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) as the critical component. However, the cultivation measures in fragrant rice production are far from perfect. In this study, a new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer was made with organic matter, urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride, zinc sulfate, and lanthanum chloride. A four-year field experiment was conducted to investigate its effects on fragrant rice growth, yield formation, and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biosynthesis. Three treatments, i.e., (CK) no fertilizer was applied, (IF) the urea, superphosphate, and potassium chloride were applied at 234 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, 450 kg ha<sup<−1</sup< and 108 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, and (OICF) this new fertilizer composed of 10% organic matter, 26% urea, 50% superphosphate, 12% potassium chloride, 1.9% zinc sulfate, and 0.1% lanthanum chloride, was applied at 900 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, were adopted in the present study. Across four experimental years, the results showed that the grain yield in OICF treatment ranged between 5.86–8.29 t ha<sup<−1</sup<, and was significantly (<i<p</i< < 0.05) higher than that in IF treatment and CK. The improvement in grain yield due to OICF treatment was explained by increased effective panicle number per m<sup<2</sup< and seed-setting rate. The highest or equally highest chlorophyll content and the net photosynthetic rate at 20, 40, 60, and 80 days after transplanting were recorded in OICF treatment among three treatments. OICF treatment also increased the aboveground biomass of fragrant rice compared with IF treatment and CK. Moreover, compared with CK and IF treatment, OICF treatment significantly (<i<p</i< < 0.05) increased grain 2-AP content by 30–38% and 10–21%, respectively. The contents of 2-AP related precursors, including proline and 1-pyrroline, also increased due to OICF treatment. This study provided a new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and suggested that it could be used to achieve the goals of high yield and high grain 2-AP content in fragrant rice production. fertilizer fragrant rice photosynthesis yield formation 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline Agriculture (General) Meiyang Duan verfasserin aut Longxin He verfasserin aut Shuying Yang verfasserin aut Yingbin Zou verfasserin aut Xiangru Tang verfasserin aut In Agriculture MDPI AG, 2012 11(2021), 11, p 1121 (DE-627)686948173 (DE-600)2651678-0 20770472 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:11, p 1121 https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11111121 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/5a7559275bd84af8a3347a5a710173a4 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/11/1121 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0472 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 11, p 1121
allfieldsSound	10.3390/agriculture11111121 doi (DE-627)DOAJ052596613 (DE-599)DOAJ5a7559275bd84af8a3347a5a710173a4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng S1-972 Haowen Luo verfasserin aut A New Organic-Inorganic Compound Fertilizer for Improving Growth, Yield, and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Biosynthesis of Fragrant Rice 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Fragrant rice (<i<Oryza sativa</i< L.) is a high-valued rice type and possesses a unique aroma with 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) as the critical component. However, the cultivation measures in fragrant rice production are far from perfect. In this study, a new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer was made with organic matter, urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride, zinc sulfate, and lanthanum chloride. A four-year field experiment was conducted to investigate its effects on fragrant rice growth, yield formation, and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biosynthesis. Three treatments, i.e., (CK) no fertilizer was applied, (IF) the urea, superphosphate, and potassium chloride were applied at 234 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, 450 kg ha<sup<−1</sup< and 108 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, and (OICF) this new fertilizer composed of 10% organic matter, 26% urea, 50% superphosphate, 12% potassium chloride, 1.9% zinc sulfate, and 0.1% lanthanum chloride, was applied at 900 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, were adopted in the present study. Across four experimental years, the results showed that the grain yield in OICF treatment ranged between 5.86–8.29 t ha<sup<−1</sup<, and was significantly (<i<p</i< < 0.05) higher than that in IF treatment and CK. The improvement in grain yield due to OICF treatment was explained by increased effective panicle number per m<sup<2</sup< and seed-setting rate. The highest or equally highest chlorophyll content and the net photosynthetic rate at 20, 40, 60, and 80 days after transplanting were recorded in OICF treatment among three treatments. OICF treatment also increased the aboveground biomass of fragrant rice compared with IF treatment and CK. Moreover, compared with CK and IF treatment, OICF treatment significantly (<i<p</i< < 0.05) increased grain 2-AP content by 30–38% and 10–21%, respectively. The contents of 2-AP related precursors, including proline and 1-pyrroline, also increased due to OICF treatment. This study provided a new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and suggested that it could be used to achieve the goals of high yield and high grain 2-AP content in fragrant rice production. fertilizer fragrant rice photosynthesis yield formation 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline Agriculture (General) Meiyang Duan verfasserin aut Longxin He verfasserin aut Shuying Yang verfasserin aut Yingbin Zou verfasserin aut Xiangru Tang verfasserin aut In Agriculture MDPI AG, 2012 11(2021), 11, p 1121 (DE-627)686948173 (DE-600)2651678-0 20770472 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:11, p 1121 https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11111121 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/5a7559275bd84af8a3347a5a710173a4 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/11/1121 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0472 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 11, p 1121
language	English
source	In Agriculture 11(2021), 11, p 1121 volume:11 year:2021 number:11, p 1121
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authorswithroles_txt_mv	Haowen Luo @@aut@@ Meiyang Duan @@aut@@ Longxin He @@aut@@ Shuying Yang @@aut@@ Yingbin Zou @@aut@@ Xiangru Tang @@aut@@
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topic_title	S1-972 A New Organic-Inorganic Compound Fertilizer for Improving Growth, Yield, and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Biosynthesis of Fragrant Rice fertilizer fragrant rice photosynthesis yield formation 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline
topic	misc S1-972 misc fertilizer misc fragrant rice misc photosynthesis misc yield formation misc 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline misc Agriculture (General)
topic_unstemmed	misc S1-972 misc fertilizer misc fragrant rice misc photosynthesis misc yield formation misc 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline misc Agriculture (General)
topic_browse	misc S1-972 misc fertilizer misc fragrant rice misc photosynthesis misc yield formation misc 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline misc Agriculture (General)
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title	A New Organic-Inorganic Compound Fertilizer for Improving Growth, Yield, and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Biosynthesis of Fragrant Rice
ctrlnum	(DE-627)DOAJ052596613 (DE-599)DOAJ5a7559275bd84af8a3347a5a710173a4
title_full	A New Organic-Inorganic Compound Fertilizer for Improving Growth, Yield, and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Biosynthesis of Fragrant Rice
author_sort	Haowen Luo
journal	Agriculture
journalStr	Agriculture
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publishDateSort	2021
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author_browse	Haowen Luo Meiyang Duan Longxin He Shuying Yang Yingbin Zou Xiangru Tang
container_volume	11
class	S1-972
format_se	Elektronische Aufsätze
author-letter	Haowen Luo
doi_str_mv	10.3390/agriculture11111121
author2-role	verfasserin
title_sort	new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving growth, yield, and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biosynthesis of fragrant rice
callnumber	S1-972
title_auth	A New Organic-Inorganic Compound Fertilizer for Improving Growth, Yield, and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Biosynthesis of Fragrant Rice
abstract	Fragrant rice (<i<Oryza sativa</i< L.) is a high-valued rice type and possesses a unique aroma with 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) as the critical component. However, the cultivation measures in fragrant rice production are far from perfect. In this study, a new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer was made with organic matter, urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride, zinc sulfate, and lanthanum chloride. A four-year field experiment was conducted to investigate its effects on fragrant rice growth, yield formation, and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biosynthesis. Three treatments, i.e., (CK) no fertilizer was applied, (IF) the urea, superphosphate, and potassium chloride were applied at 234 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, 450 kg ha<sup<−1</sup< and 108 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, and (OICF) this new fertilizer composed of 10% organic matter, 26% urea, 50% superphosphate, 12% potassium chloride, 1.9% zinc sulfate, and 0.1% lanthanum chloride, was applied at 900 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, were adopted in the present study. Across four experimental years, the results showed that the grain yield in OICF treatment ranged between 5.86–8.29 t ha<sup<−1</sup<, and was significantly (<i<p</i< < 0.05) higher than that in IF treatment and CK. The improvement in grain yield due to OICF treatment was explained by increased effective panicle number per m<sup<2</sup< and seed-setting rate. The highest or equally highest chlorophyll content and the net photosynthetic rate at 20, 40, 60, and 80 days after transplanting were recorded in OICF treatment among three treatments. OICF treatment also increased the aboveground biomass of fragrant rice compared with IF treatment and CK. Moreover, compared with CK and IF treatment, OICF treatment significantly (<i<p</i< < 0.05) increased grain 2-AP content by 30–38% and 10–21%, respectively. The contents of 2-AP related precursors, including proline and 1-pyrroline, also increased due to OICF treatment. This study provided a new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and suggested that it could be used to achieve the goals of high yield and high grain 2-AP content in fragrant rice production.
abstractGer	Fragrant rice (<i<Oryza sativa</i< L.) is a high-valued rice type and possesses a unique aroma with 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) as the critical component. However, the cultivation measures in fragrant rice production are far from perfect. In this study, a new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer was made with organic matter, urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride, zinc sulfate, and lanthanum chloride. A four-year field experiment was conducted to investigate its effects on fragrant rice growth, yield formation, and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biosynthesis. Three treatments, i.e., (CK) no fertilizer was applied, (IF) the urea, superphosphate, and potassium chloride were applied at 234 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, 450 kg ha<sup<−1</sup< and 108 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, and (OICF) this new fertilizer composed of 10% organic matter, 26% urea, 50% superphosphate, 12% potassium chloride, 1.9% zinc sulfate, and 0.1% lanthanum chloride, was applied at 900 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, were adopted in the present study. Across four experimental years, the results showed that the grain yield in OICF treatment ranged between 5.86–8.29 t ha<sup<−1</sup<, and was significantly (<i<p</i< < 0.05) higher than that in IF treatment and CK. The improvement in grain yield due to OICF treatment was explained by increased effective panicle number per m<sup<2</sup< and seed-setting rate. The highest or equally highest chlorophyll content and the net photosynthetic rate at 20, 40, 60, and 80 days after transplanting were recorded in OICF treatment among three treatments. OICF treatment also increased the aboveground biomass of fragrant rice compared with IF treatment and CK. Moreover, compared with CK and IF treatment, OICF treatment significantly (<i<p</i< < 0.05) increased grain 2-AP content by 30–38% and 10–21%, respectively. The contents of 2-AP related precursors, including proline and 1-pyrroline, also increased due to OICF treatment. This study provided a new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and suggested that it could be used to achieve the goals of high yield and high grain 2-AP content in fragrant rice production.
abstract_unstemmed	Fragrant rice (<i<Oryza sativa</i< L.) is a high-valued rice type and possesses a unique aroma with 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) as the critical component. However, the cultivation measures in fragrant rice production are far from perfect. In this study, a new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer was made with organic matter, urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride, zinc sulfate, and lanthanum chloride. A four-year field experiment was conducted to investigate its effects on fragrant rice growth, yield formation, and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biosynthesis. Three treatments, i.e., (CK) no fertilizer was applied, (IF) the urea, superphosphate, and potassium chloride were applied at 234 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, 450 kg ha<sup<−1</sup< and 108 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, and (OICF) this new fertilizer composed of 10% organic matter, 26% urea, 50% superphosphate, 12% potassium chloride, 1.9% zinc sulfate, and 0.1% lanthanum chloride, was applied at 900 kg ha<sup<−1</sup<, were adopted in the present study. Across four experimental years, the results showed that the grain yield in OICF treatment ranged between 5.86–8.29 t ha<sup<−1</sup<, and was significantly (<i<p</i< < 0.05) higher than that in IF treatment and CK. The improvement in grain yield due to OICF treatment was explained by increased effective panicle number per m<sup<2</sup< and seed-setting rate. The highest or equally highest chlorophyll content and the net photosynthetic rate at 20, 40, 60, and 80 days after transplanting were recorded in OICF treatment among three treatments. OICF treatment also increased the aboveground biomass of fragrant rice compared with IF treatment and CK. Moreover, compared with CK and IF treatment, OICF treatment significantly (<i<p</i< < 0.05) increased grain 2-AP content by 30–38% and 10–21%, respectively. The contents of 2-AP related precursors, including proline and 1-pyrroline, also increased due to OICF treatment. This study provided a new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and suggested that it could be used to achieve the goals of high yield and high grain 2-AP content in fragrant rice production.
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title_short	A New Organic-Inorganic Compound Fertilizer for Improving Growth, Yield, and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Biosynthesis of Fragrant Rice
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