Lineage-specific expansions of retroviral insertions within the genomes of African great apes but not humans and orangutans.

Retroviral infections of the germline have the potential to episodically alter gene function and genome structure during the course of evolution. Horizontal transmissions between species have been proposed, but little evidence exists for such events in the human/great ape lineage of evolution. Based...
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Autor*in:	Chris T Yohn [verfasserIn] Zhaoshi Jiang [verfasserIn] Sean D McGrath [verfasserIn] Karen E Hayden [verfasserIn] Philipp Khaitovich [verfasserIn] Matthew E Johnson [verfasserIn] Marla Y Eichler [verfasserIn] John D McPherson [verfasserIn] Shaying Zhao [verfasserIn] Svante Pääbo [verfasserIn] Evan E Eichler [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2005

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: PLoS Biology - Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2003, 3(2005), 4, p e110
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:3 ; year:2005 ; number:4, p e110

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.1371/journal.pbio.0030110

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ05464173X

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allfields	10.1371/journal.pbio.0030110 doi (DE-627)DOAJ05464173X (DE-599)DOAJb4c90a9daaae46a2b92783c6c258b389 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH301-705.5 Chris T Yohn verfasserin aut Lineage-specific expansions of retroviral insertions within the genomes of African great apes but not humans and orangutans. 2005 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Retroviral infections of the germline have the potential to episodically alter gene function and genome structure during the course of evolution. Horizontal transmissions between species have been proposed, but little evidence exists for such events in the human/great ape lineage of evolution. Based on analysis of finished BAC chimpanzee genome sequence, we characterize a retroviral element (Pan troglodytes endogenous retrovirus 1 [PTERV1]) that has become integrated in the germline of African great ape and Old World monkey species but is absent from humans and Asian ape genomes. We unambiguously map 287 retroviral integration sites and determine that approximately 95.8% of the insertions occur at non-orthologous regions between closely related species. Phylogenetic analysis of the endogenous retrovirus reveals that the gorilla and chimpanzee elements share a monophyletic origin with a subset of the Old World monkey retroviral elements, but that the average sequence divergence exceeds neutral expectation for a strictly nuclear inherited DNA molecule. Within the chimpanzee, there is a significant integration bias against genes, with only 14 of these insertions mapping within intronic regions. Six out of ten of these genes, for which there are expression data, show significant differences in transcript expression between human and chimpanzee. Our data are consistent with a retroviral infection that bombarded the genomes of chimpanzees and gorillas independently and concurrently, 3-4 million years ago. We speculate on the potential impact of such recent events on the evolution of humans and great apes. Biology (General) Zhaoshi Jiang verfasserin aut Sean D McGrath verfasserin aut Karen E Hayden verfasserin aut Philipp Khaitovich verfasserin aut Matthew E Johnson verfasserin aut Marla Y Eichler verfasserin aut John D McPherson verfasserin aut Shaying Zhao verfasserin aut Svante Pääbo verfasserin aut Evan E Eichler verfasserin aut In PLoS Biology Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2003 3(2005), 4, p e110 (DE-627)373755597 (DE-600)2126773-X 15457885 nnns volume:3 year:2005 number:4, p e110 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030110 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/b4c90a9daaae46a2b92783c6c258b389 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030110 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1544-9173 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1545-7885 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2005 4, p e110
spelling	10.1371/journal.pbio.0030110 doi (DE-627)DOAJ05464173X (DE-599)DOAJb4c90a9daaae46a2b92783c6c258b389 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH301-705.5 Chris T Yohn verfasserin aut Lineage-specific expansions of retroviral insertions within the genomes of African great apes but not humans and orangutans. 2005 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Retroviral infections of the germline have the potential to episodically alter gene function and genome structure during the course of evolution. Horizontal transmissions between species have been proposed, but little evidence exists for such events in the human/great ape lineage of evolution. Based on analysis of finished BAC chimpanzee genome sequence, we characterize a retroviral element (Pan troglodytes endogenous retrovirus 1 [PTERV1]) that has become integrated in the germline of African great ape and Old World monkey species but is absent from humans and Asian ape genomes. We unambiguously map 287 retroviral integration sites and determine that approximately 95.8% of the insertions occur at non-orthologous regions between closely related species. Phylogenetic analysis of the endogenous retrovirus reveals that the gorilla and chimpanzee elements share a monophyletic origin with a subset of the Old World monkey retroviral elements, but that the average sequence divergence exceeds neutral expectation for a strictly nuclear inherited DNA molecule. Within the chimpanzee, there is a significant integration bias against genes, with only 14 of these insertions mapping within intronic regions. Six out of ten of these genes, for which there are expression data, show significant differences in transcript expression between human and chimpanzee. Our data are consistent with a retroviral infection that bombarded the genomes of chimpanzees and gorillas independently and concurrently, 3-4 million years ago. We speculate on the potential impact of such recent events on the evolution of humans and great apes. Biology (General) Zhaoshi Jiang verfasserin aut Sean D McGrath verfasserin aut Karen E Hayden verfasserin aut Philipp Khaitovich verfasserin aut Matthew E Johnson verfasserin aut Marla Y Eichler verfasserin aut John D McPherson verfasserin aut Shaying Zhao verfasserin aut Svante Pääbo verfasserin aut Evan E Eichler verfasserin aut In PLoS Biology Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2003 3(2005), 4, p e110 (DE-627)373755597 (DE-600)2126773-X 15457885 nnns volume:3 year:2005 number:4, p e110 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030110 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/b4c90a9daaae46a2b92783c6c258b389 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030110 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1544-9173 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1545-7885 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2005 4, p e110
allfields_unstemmed	10.1371/journal.pbio.0030110 doi (DE-627)DOAJ05464173X (DE-599)DOAJb4c90a9daaae46a2b92783c6c258b389 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH301-705.5 Chris T Yohn verfasserin aut Lineage-specific expansions of retroviral insertions within the genomes of African great apes but not humans and orangutans. 2005 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Retroviral infections of the germline have the potential to episodically alter gene function and genome structure during the course of evolution. Horizontal transmissions between species have been proposed, but little evidence exists for such events in the human/great ape lineage of evolution. Based on analysis of finished BAC chimpanzee genome sequence, we characterize a retroviral element (Pan troglodytes endogenous retrovirus 1 [PTERV1]) that has become integrated in the germline of African great ape and Old World monkey species but is absent from humans and Asian ape genomes. We unambiguously map 287 retroviral integration sites and determine that approximately 95.8% of the insertions occur at non-orthologous regions between closely related species. Phylogenetic analysis of the endogenous retrovirus reveals that the gorilla and chimpanzee elements share a monophyletic origin with a subset of the Old World monkey retroviral elements, but that the average sequence divergence exceeds neutral expectation for a strictly nuclear inherited DNA molecule. Within the chimpanzee, there is a significant integration bias against genes, with only 14 of these insertions mapping within intronic regions. Six out of ten of these genes, for which there are expression data, show significant differences in transcript expression between human and chimpanzee. Our data are consistent with a retroviral infection that bombarded the genomes of chimpanzees and gorillas independently and concurrently, 3-4 million years ago. We speculate on the potential impact of such recent events on the evolution of humans and great apes. Biology (General) Zhaoshi Jiang verfasserin aut Sean D McGrath verfasserin aut Karen E Hayden verfasserin aut Philipp Khaitovich verfasserin aut Matthew E Johnson verfasserin aut Marla Y Eichler verfasserin aut John D McPherson verfasserin aut Shaying Zhao verfasserin aut Svante Pääbo verfasserin aut Evan E Eichler verfasserin aut In PLoS Biology Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2003 3(2005), 4, p e110 (DE-627)373755597 (DE-600)2126773-X 15457885 nnns volume:3 year:2005 number:4, p e110 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030110 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/b4c90a9daaae46a2b92783c6c258b389 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030110 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1544-9173 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1545-7885 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2005 4, p e110
allfieldsGer	10.1371/journal.pbio.0030110 doi (DE-627)DOAJ05464173X (DE-599)DOAJb4c90a9daaae46a2b92783c6c258b389 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH301-705.5 Chris T Yohn verfasserin aut Lineage-specific expansions of retroviral insertions within the genomes of African great apes but not humans and orangutans. 2005 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Retroviral infections of the germline have the potential to episodically alter gene function and genome structure during the course of evolution. Horizontal transmissions between species have been proposed, but little evidence exists for such events in the human/great ape lineage of evolution. Based on analysis of finished BAC chimpanzee genome sequence, we characterize a retroviral element (Pan troglodytes endogenous retrovirus 1 [PTERV1]) that has become integrated in the germline of African great ape and Old World monkey species but is absent from humans and Asian ape genomes. We unambiguously map 287 retroviral integration sites and determine that approximately 95.8% of the insertions occur at non-orthologous regions between closely related species. Phylogenetic analysis of the endogenous retrovirus reveals that the gorilla and chimpanzee elements share a monophyletic origin with a subset of the Old World monkey retroviral elements, but that the average sequence divergence exceeds neutral expectation for a strictly nuclear inherited DNA molecule. Within the chimpanzee, there is a significant integration bias against genes, with only 14 of these insertions mapping within intronic regions. Six out of ten of these genes, for which there are expression data, show significant differences in transcript expression between human and chimpanzee. Our data are consistent with a retroviral infection that bombarded the genomes of chimpanzees and gorillas independently and concurrently, 3-4 million years ago. We speculate on the potential impact of such recent events on the evolution of humans and great apes. Biology (General) Zhaoshi Jiang verfasserin aut Sean D McGrath verfasserin aut Karen E Hayden verfasserin aut Philipp Khaitovich verfasserin aut Matthew E Johnson verfasserin aut Marla Y Eichler verfasserin aut John D McPherson verfasserin aut Shaying Zhao verfasserin aut Svante Pääbo verfasserin aut Evan E Eichler verfasserin aut In PLoS Biology Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2003 3(2005), 4, p e110 (DE-627)373755597 (DE-600)2126773-X 15457885 nnns volume:3 year:2005 number:4, p e110 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030110 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/b4c90a9daaae46a2b92783c6c258b389 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030110 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1544-9173 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1545-7885 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2005 4, p e110
allfieldsSound	10.1371/journal.pbio.0030110 doi (DE-627)DOAJ05464173X (DE-599)DOAJb4c90a9daaae46a2b92783c6c258b389 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QH301-705.5 Chris T Yohn verfasserin aut Lineage-specific expansions of retroviral insertions within the genomes of African great apes but not humans and orangutans. 2005 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Retroviral infections of the germline have the potential to episodically alter gene function and genome structure during the course of evolution. Horizontal transmissions between species have been proposed, but little evidence exists for such events in the human/great ape lineage of evolution. Based on analysis of finished BAC chimpanzee genome sequence, we characterize a retroviral element (Pan troglodytes endogenous retrovirus 1 [PTERV1]) that has become integrated in the germline of African great ape and Old World monkey species but is absent from humans and Asian ape genomes. We unambiguously map 287 retroviral integration sites and determine that approximately 95.8% of the insertions occur at non-orthologous regions between closely related species. Phylogenetic analysis of the endogenous retrovirus reveals that the gorilla and chimpanzee elements share a monophyletic origin with a subset of the Old World monkey retroviral elements, but that the average sequence divergence exceeds neutral expectation for a strictly nuclear inherited DNA molecule. Within the chimpanzee, there is a significant integration bias against genes, with only 14 of these insertions mapping within intronic regions. Six out of ten of these genes, for which there are expression data, show significant differences in transcript expression between human and chimpanzee. Our data are consistent with a retroviral infection that bombarded the genomes of chimpanzees and gorillas independently and concurrently, 3-4 million years ago. We speculate on the potential impact of such recent events on the evolution of humans and great apes. Biology (General) Zhaoshi Jiang verfasserin aut Sean D McGrath verfasserin aut Karen E Hayden verfasserin aut Philipp Khaitovich verfasserin aut Matthew E Johnson verfasserin aut Marla Y Eichler verfasserin aut John D McPherson verfasserin aut Shaying Zhao verfasserin aut Svante Pääbo verfasserin aut Evan E Eichler verfasserin aut In PLoS Biology Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2003 3(2005), 4, p e110 (DE-627)373755597 (DE-600)2126773-X 15457885 nnns volume:3 year:2005 number:4, p e110 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030110 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/b4c90a9daaae46a2b92783c6c258b389 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030110 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1544-9173 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1545-7885 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2005 4, p e110
language	English
source	In PLoS Biology 3(2005), 4, p e110 volume:3 year:2005 number:4, p e110
sourceStr	In PLoS Biology 3(2005), 4, p e110 volume:3 year:2005 number:4, p e110
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Biology (General)
isfreeaccess_bool	true
container_title	PLoS Biology
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Chris T Yohn @@aut@@ Zhaoshi Jiang @@aut@@ Sean D McGrath @@aut@@ Karen E Hayden @@aut@@ Philipp Khaitovich @@aut@@ Matthew E Johnson @@aut@@ Marla Y Eichler @@aut@@ John D McPherson @@aut@@ Shaying Zhao @@aut@@ Svante Pääbo @@aut@@ Evan E Eichler @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2005-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	373755597
id	DOAJ05464173X
language_de	englisch
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callnumber-first	Q - Science
author	Chris T Yohn
spellingShingle	Chris T Yohn misc QH301-705.5 misc Biology (General) Lineage-specific expansions of retroviral insertions within the genomes of African great apes but not humans and orangutans.
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topic_title	QH301-705.5 Lineage-specific expansions of retroviral insertions within the genomes of African great apes but not humans and orangutans
topic	misc QH301-705.5 misc Biology (General)
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title	Lineage-specific expansions of retroviral insertions within the genomes of African great apes but not humans and orangutans.
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title_full	Lineage-specific expansions of retroviral insertions within the genomes of African great apes but not humans and orangutans
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author_browse	Chris T Yohn Zhaoshi Jiang Sean D McGrath Karen E Hayden Philipp Khaitovich Matthew E Johnson Marla Y Eichler John D McPherson Shaying Zhao Svante Pääbo Evan E Eichler
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title_sort	lineage-specific expansions of retroviral insertions within the genomes of african great apes but not humans and orangutans
callnumber	QH301-705.5
title_auth	Lineage-specific expansions of retroviral insertions within the genomes of African great apes but not humans and orangutans.
abstract	Retroviral infections of the germline have the potential to episodically alter gene function and genome structure during the course of evolution. Horizontal transmissions between species have been proposed, but little evidence exists for such events in the human/great ape lineage of evolution. Based on analysis of finished BAC chimpanzee genome sequence, we characterize a retroviral element (Pan troglodytes endogenous retrovirus 1 [PTERV1]) that has become integrated in the germline of African great ape and Old World monkey species but is absent from humans and Asian ape genomes. We unambiguously map 287 retroviral integration sites and determine that approximately 95.8% of the insertions occur at non-orthologous regions between closely related species. Phylogenetic analysis of the endogenous retrovirus reveals that the gorilla and chimpanzee elements share a monophyletic origin with a subset of the Old World monkey retroviral elements, but that the average sequence divergence exceeds neutral expectation for a strictly nuclear inherited DNA molecule. Within the chimpanzee, there is a significant integration bias against genes, with only 14 of these insertions mapping within intronic regions. Six out of ten of these genes, for which there are expression data, show significant differences in transcript expression between human and chimpanzee. Our data are consistent with a retroviral infection that bombarded the genomes of chimpanzees and gorillas independently and concurrently, 3-4 million years ago. We speculate on the potential impact of such recent events on the evolution of humans and great apes.
abstractGer	Retroviral infections of the germline have the potential to episodically alter gene function and genome structure during the course of evolution. Horizontal transmissions between species have been proposed, but little evidence exists for such events in the human/great ape lineage of evolution. Based on analysis of finished BAC chimpanzee genome sequence, we characterize a retroviral element (Pan troglodytes endogenous retrovirus 1 [PTERV1]) that has become integrated in the germline of African great ape and Old World monkey species but is absent from humans and Asian ape genomes. We unambiguously map 287 retroviral integration sites and determine that approximately 95.8% of the insertions occur at non-orthologous regions between closely related species. Phylogenetic analysis of the endogenous retrovirus reveals that the gorilla and chimpanzee elements share a monophyletic origin with a subset of the Old World monkey retroviral elements, but that the average sequence divergence exceeds neutral expectation for a strictly nuclear inherited DNA molecule. Within the chimpanzee, there is a significant integration bias against genes, with only 14 of these insertions mapping within intronic regions. Six out of ten of these genes, for which there are expression data, show significant differences in transcript expression between human and chimpanzee. Our data are consistent with a retroviral infection that bombarded the genomes of chimpanzees and gorillas independently and concurrently, 3-4 million years ago. We speculate on the potential impact of such recent events on the evolution of humans and great apes.
abstract_unstemmed	Retroviral infections of the germline have the potential to episodically alter gene function and genome structure during the course of evolution. Horizontal transmissions between species have been proposed, but little evidence exists for such events in the human/great ape lineage of evolution. Based on analysis of finished BAC chimpanzee genome sequence, we characterize a retroviral element (Pan troglodytes endogenous retrovirus 1 [PTERV1]) that has become integrated in the germline of African great ape and Old World monkey species but is absent from humans and Asian ape genomes. We unambiguously map 287 retroviral integration sites and determine that approximately 95.8% of the insertions occur at non-orthologous regions between closely related species. Phylogenetic analysis of the endogenous retrovirus reveals that the gorilla and chimpanzee elements share a monophyletic origin with a subset of the Old World monkey retroviral elements, but that the average sequence divergence exceeds neutral expectation for a strictly nuclear inherited DNA molecule. Within the chimpanzee, there is a significant integration bias against genes, with only 14 of these insertions mapping within intronic regions. Six out of ten of these genes, for which there are expression data, show significant differences in transcript expression between human and chimpanzee. Our data are consistent with a retroviral infection that bombarded the genomes of chimpanzees and gorillas independently and concurrently, 3-4 million years ago. We speculate on the potential impact of such recent events on the evolution of humans and great apes.
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container_issue	4, p e110
title_short	Lineage-specific expansions of retroviral insertions within the genomes of African great apes but not humans and orangutans.
url	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030110 https://doaj.org/article/b4c90a9daaae46a2b92783c6c258b389 https://doaj.org/toc/1544-9173 https://doaj.org/toc/1545-7885
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Lineage-specific expansions of retroviral insertions within the genomes of African great apes but not humans and orangutans.

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