Hybrid Ultra-Low-Radioactive Material for Protecting Dark Matter Detector from Background Neutrons

A laboratory technology for a new ultra-low background hybrid material (HM) which meets the requirements for neutron absorption with simultaneous neutron detection has been developed. The technology and hybrid material can be useful for future low background underground detectors designed to directl...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Marina Zykova [verfasserIn] Mikhail Grishechkin [verfasserIn] Andrew Khomyakov [verfasserIn] Elena Mozhevitina [verfasserIn] Roman Avetisov [verfasserIn] Nadezda Surikova [verfasserIn] Maxim Gromov [verfasserIn] Alexander Chepurnov [verfasserIn] Ivan Nikulin [verfasserIn] Igor Avetissov [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Schlagwörter:	polymethylmethacrylate gadolinium uranium thorium hybrid material inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Materials - MDPI AG, 2009, 14(2021), 13, p 3757
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:14 ; year:2021 ; number:13, p 3757

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/ma14133757

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ054845521

Internformat


LEADER	01000caa a22002652 4500
001	DOAJ054845521
003	DE-627
005	20240412170648.0
007	cr uuu---uuuuu
008	230227s2021 xx \|\|\|\|\|o 00\| \|\|eng c
024	7		\|a 10.3390/ma14133757 \|2 doi
035			\|a (DE-627)DOAJ054845521
035			\|a (DE-599)DOAJ5d521629d4554dea9d12b1c77ac2b0af
040			\|a DE-627 \|b ger \|c DE-627 \|e rakwb
041			\|a eng
050		0	\|a TK1-9971
050		0	\|a TA1-2040
050		0	\|a QH201-278.5
050		0	\|a QC120-168.85
100	0		\|a Marina Zykova \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
245	1	0	\|a Hybrid Ultra-Low-Radioactive Material for Protecting Dark Matter Detector from Background Neutrons
264		1	\|c 2021
336			\|a Text \|b txt \|2 rdacontent
337			\|a Computermedien \|b c \|2 rdamedia
338			\|a Online-Ressource \|b cr \|2 rdacarrier
520			\|a A laboratory technology for a new ultra-low background hybrid material (HM) which meets the requirements for neutron absorption with simultaneous neutron detection has been developed. The technology and hybrid material can be useful for future low background underground detectors designed to directly search for dark matter with liquid noble gases. The HM is based on a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polymer matrix in which gadolinium nuclei are homogeneously distributed up to 1.5 wt% concentration in polymer slabs of 5 cm thickness. To determine the 65 impurity elements by the inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique in the Gd-based preparations in 100–0.01 ppb range, the corresponding method has been developed. Limits of determination (LD) of 0.011 ppb for uranium, and 0.016 ppb for thorium were achieved. An analysis of Gd raw materials showed that the lowest contents of U and Th (1.2–0.2 ppb) were detected in commercial Gd-based preparations. They were manufactured either from secondary raw materials (extraction phosphoric acid) or from mineral raw materials formed in sedimentary rocks (phosphogypsum). To produce the Gd-doped HM the commercial GdCl<sub<3</sub< was purified and used for synthesis of low-background coordination compound, namely, acetylacetonate gadolinium (Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub<) with U/Th contents less than LD. When dissolving Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub< in methylmethacrylate, the true solution was obtained and its further thermal polymerization allowed fabrication of the Gd-doped PMMA with ultra-low background.
650		4	\|a polymethylmethacrylate
650		4	\|a gadolinium
650		4	\|a uranium
650		4	\|a thorium
650		4	\|a hybrid material
650		4	\|a inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
653		0	\|a Technology
653		0	\|a T
653		0	\|a Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering
653		0	\|a Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
653		0	\|a Microscopy
653		0	\|a Descriptive and experimental mechanics
700	0		\|a Mikhail Grishechkin \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Andrew Khomyakov \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Elena Mozhevitina \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Roman Avetisov \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Nadezda Surikova \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Maxim Gromov \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Alexander Chepurnov \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Ivan Nikulin \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Igor Avetissov \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
773	0	8	\|i In \|t Materials \|d MDPI AG, 2009 \|g 14(2021), 13, p 3757 \|w (DE-627)595712649 \|w (DE-600)2487261-1 \|x 19961944 \|7 nnns
773	1	8	\|g volume:14 \|g year:2021 \|g number:13, p 3757
856	4	0	\|u https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14133757 \|z kostenfrei
856	4	0	\|u https://doaj.org/article/5d521629d4554dea9d12b1c77ac2b0af \|z kostenfrei
856	4	0	\|u https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/13/3757 \|z kostenfrei
856	4	2	\|u https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944 \|y Journal toc \|z kostenfrei
912			\|a GBV_USEFLAG_A
912			\|a SYSFLAG_A
912			\|a GBV_DOAJ
912			\|a GBV_ILN_11
912			\|a GBV_ILN_20
912			\|a GBV_ILN_22
912			\|a GBV_ILN_23
912			\|a GBV_ILN_24
912			\|a GBV_ILN_39
912			\|a GBV_ILN_40
912			\|a GBV_ILN_60
912			\|a GBV_ILN_62
912			\|a GBV_ILN_63
912			\|a GBV_ILN_65
912			\|a GBV_ILN_69
912			\|a GBV_ILN_70
912			\|a GBV_ILN_73
912			\|a GBV_ILN_95
912			\|a GBV_ILN_105
912			\|a GBV_ILN_110
912			\|a GBV_ILN_151
912			\|a GBV_ILN_161
912			\|a GBV_ILN_170
912			\|a GBV_ILN_206
912			\|a GBV_ILN_213
912			\|a GBV_ILN_230
912			\|a GBV_ILN_285
912			\|a GBV_ILN_293
912			\|a GBV_ILN_370
912			\|a GBV_ILN_602
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2005
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2009
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2011
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2014
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2055
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2057
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2108
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2111
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2119
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4012
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4037
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4112
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4125
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4126
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4249
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4305
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4306
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4307
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4313
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4322
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4323
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4324
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4325
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4335
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4338
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4367
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4700
951			\|a AR
952			\|d 14 \|j 2021 \|e 13, p 3757

Indexfelder

author_variant	m z mz m g mg a k ak e m em r a ra n s ns m g mg a c ac i n in i a ia
matchkey_str	article:19961944:2021----::yrdlrlwaiatvmtrafrrtcigakatreet
hierarchy_sort_str	2021
callnumber-subject-code	TK
publishDate	2021
allfields	10.3390/ma14133757 doi (DE-627)DOAJ054845521 (DE-599)DOAJ5d521629d4554dea9d12b1c77ac2b0af DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 TA1-2040 QH201-278.5 QC120-168.85 Marina Zykova verfasserin aut Hybrid Ultra-Low-Radioactive Material for Protecting Dark Matter Detector from Background Neutrons 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier A laboratory technology for a new ultra-low background hybrid material (HM) which meets the requirements for neutron absorption with simultaneous neutron detection has been developed. The technology and hybrid material can be useful for future low background underground detectors designed to directly search for dark matter with liquid noble gases. The HM is based on a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polymer matrix in which gadolinium nuclei are homogeneously distributed up to 1.5 wt% concentration in polymer slabs of 5 cm thickness. To determine the 65 impurity elements by the inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique in the Gd-based preparations in 100–0.01 ppb range, the corresponding method has been developed. Limits of determination (LD) of 0.011 ppb for uranium, and 0.016 ppb for thorium were achieved. An analysis of Gd raw materials showed that the lowest contents of U and Th (1.2–0.2 ppb) were detected in commercial Gd-based preparations. They were manufactured either from secondary raw materials (extraction phosphoric acid) or from mineral raw materials formed in sedimentary rocks (phosphogypsum). To produce the Gd-doped HM the commercial GdCl<sub<3</sub< was purified and used for synthesis of low-background coordination compound, namely, acetylacetonate gadolinium (Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub<) with U/Th contents less than LD. When dissolving Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub< in methylmethacrylate, the true solution was obtained and its further thermal polymerization allowed fabrication of the Gd-doped PMMA with ultra-low background. polymethylmethacrylate gadolinium uranium thorium hybrid material inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Microscopy Descriptive and experimental mechanics Mikhail Grishechkin verfasserin aut Andrew Khomyakov verfasserin aut Elena Mozhevitina verfasserin aut Roman Avetisov verfasserin aut Nadezda Surikova verfasserin aut Maxim Gromov verfasserin aut Alexander Chepurnov verfasserin aut Ivan Nikulin verfasserin aut Igor Avetissov verfasserin aut In Materials MDPI AG, 2009 14(2021), 13, p 3757 (DE-627)595712649 (DE-600)2487261-1 19961944 nnns volume:14 year:2021 number:13, p 3757 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14133757 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/5d521629d4554dea9d12b1c77ac2b0af kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/13/3757 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2021 13, p 3757
spelling	10.3390/ma14133757 doi (DE-627)DOAJ054845521 (DE-599)DOAJ5d521629d4554dea9d12b1c77ac2b0af DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 TA1-2040 QH201-278.5 QC120-168.85 Marina Zykova verfasserin aut Hybrid Ultra-Low-Radioactive Material for Protecting Dark Matter Detector from Background Neutrons 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier A laboratory technology for a new ultra-low background hybrid material (HM) which meets the requirements for neutron absorption with simultaneous neutron detection has been developed. The technology and hybrid material can be useful for future low background underground detectors designed to directly search for dark matter with liquid noble gases. The HM is based on a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polymer matrix in which gadolinium nuclei are homogeneously distributed up to 1.5 wt% concentration in polymer slabs of 5 cm thickness. To determine the 65 impurity elements by the inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique in the Gd-based preparations in 100–0.01 ppb range, the corresponding method has been developed. Limits of determination (LD) of 0.011 ppb for uranium, and 0.016 ppb for thorium were achieved. An analysis of Gd raw materials showed that the lowest contents of U and Th (1.2–0.2 ppb) were detected in commercial Gd-based preparations. They were manufactured either from secondary raw materials (extraction phosphoric acid) or from mineral raw materials formed in sedimentary rocks (phosphogypsum). To produce the Gd-doped HM the commercial GdCl<sub<3</sub< was purified and used for synthesis of low-background coordination compound, namely, acetylacetonate gadolinium (Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub<) with U/Th contents less than LD. When dissolving Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub< in methylmethacrylate, the true solution was obtained and its further thermal polymerization allowed fabrication of the Gd-doped PMMA with ultra-low background. polymethylmethacrylate gadolinium uranium thorium hybrid material inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Microscopy Descriptive and experimental mechanics Mikhail Grishechkin verfasserin aut Andrew Khomyakov verfasserin aut Elena Mozhevitina verfasserin aut Roman Avetisov verfasserin aut Nadezda Surikova verfasserin aut Maxim Gromov verfasserin aut Alexander Chepurnov verfasserin aut Ivan Nikulin verfasserin aut Igor Avetissov verfasserin aut In Materials MDPI AG, 2009 14(2021), 13, p 3757 (DE-627)595712649 (DE-600)2487261-1 19961944 nnns volume:14 year:2021 number:13, p 3757 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14133757 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/5d521629d4554dea9d12b1c77ac2b0af kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/13/3757 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2021 13, p 3757
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/ma14133757 doi (DE-627)DOAJ054845521 (DE-599)DOAJ5d521629d4554dea9d12b1c77ac2b0af DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 TA1-2040 QH201-278.5 QC120-168.85 Marina Zykova verfasserin aut Hybrid Ultra-Low-Radioactive Material for Protecting Dark Matter Detector from Background Neutrons 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier A laboratory technology for a new ultra-low background hybrid material (HM) which meets the requirements for neutron absorption with simultaneous neutron detection has been developed. The technology and hybrid material can be useful for future low background underground detectors designed to directly search for dark matter with liquid noble gases. The HM is based on a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polymer matrix in which gadolinium nuclei are homogeneously distributed up to 1.5 wt% concentration in polymer slabs of 5 cm thickness. To determine the 65 impurity elements by the inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique in the Gd-based preparations in 100–0.01 ppb range, the corresponding method has been developed. Limits of determination (LD) of 0.011 ppb for uranium, and 0.016 ppb for thorium were achieved. An analysis of Gd raw materials showed that the lowest contents of U and Th (1.2–0.2 ppb) were detected in commercial Gd-based preparations. They were manufactured either from secondary raw materials (extraction phosphoric acid) or from mineral raw materials formed in sedimentary rocks (phosphogypsum). To produce the Gd-doped HM the commercial GdCl<sub<3</sub< was purified and used for synthesis of low-background coordination compound, namely, acetylacetonate gadolinium (Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub<) with U/Th contents less than LD. When dissolving Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub< in methylmethacrylate, the true solution was obtained and its further thermal polymerization allowed fabrication of the Gd-doped PMMA with ultra-low background. polymethylmethacrylate gadolinium uranium thorium hybrid material inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Microscopy Descriptive and experimental mechanics Mikhail Grishechkin verfasserin aut Andrew Khomyakov verfasserin aut Elena Mozhevitina verfasserin aut Roman Avetisov verfasserin aut Nadezda Surikova verfasserin aut Maxim Gromov verfasserin aut Alexander Chepurnov verfasserin aut Ivan Nikulin verfasserin aut Igor Avetissov verfasserin aut In Materials MDPI AG, 2009 14(2021), 13, p 3757 (DE-627)595712649 (DE-600)2487261-1 19961944 nnns volume:14 year:2021 number:13, p 3757 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14133757 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/5d521629d4554dea9d12b1c77ac2b0af kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/13/3757 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2021 13, p 3757
allfieldsGer	10.3390/ma14133757 doi (DE-627)DOAJ054845521 (DE-599)DOAJ5d521629d4554dea9d12b1c77ac2b0af DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 TA1-2040 QH201-278.5 QC120-168.85 Marina Zykova verfasserin aut Hybrid Ultra-Low-Radioactive Material for Protecting Dark Matter Detector from Background Neutrons 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier A laboratory technology for a new ultra-low background hybrid material (HM) which meets the requirements for neutron absorption with simultaneous neutron detection has been developed. The technology and hybrid material can be useful for future low background underground detectors designed to directly search for dark matter with liquid noble gases. The HM is based on a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polymer matrix in which gadolinium nuclei are homogeneously distributed up to 1.5 wt% concentration in polymer slabs of 5 cm thickness. To determine the 65 impurity elements by the inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique in the Gd-based preparations in 100–0.01 ppb range, the corresponding method has been developed. Limits of determination (LD) of 0.011 ppb for uranium, and 0.016 ppb for thorium were achieved. An analysis of Gd raw materials showed that the lowest contents of U and Th (1.2–0.2 ppb) were detected in commercial Gd-based preparations. They were manufactured either from secondary raw materials (extraction phosphoric acid) or from mineral raw materials formed in sedimentary rocks (phosphogypsum). To produce the Gd-doped HM the commercial GdCl<sub<3</sub< was purified and used for synthesis of low-background coordination compound, namely, acetylacetonate gadolinium (Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub<) with U/Th contents less than LD. When dissolving Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub< in methylmethacrylate, the true solution was obtained and its further thermal polymerization allowed fabrication of the Gd-doped PMMA with ultra-low background. polymethylmethacrylate gadolinium uranium thorium hybrid material inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Microscopy Descriptive and experimental mechanics Mikhail Grishechkin verfasserin aut Andrew Khomyakov verfasserin aut Elena Mozhevitina verfasserin aut Roman Avetisov verfasserin aut Nadezda Surikova verfasserin aut Maxim Gromov verfasserin aut Alexander Chepurnov verfasserin aut Ivan Nikulin verfasserin aut Igor Avetissov verfasserin aut In Materials MDPI AG, 2009 14(2021), 13, p 3757 (DE-627)595712649 (DE-600)2487261-1 19961944 nnns volume:14 year:2021 number:13, p 3757 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14133757 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/5d521629d4554dea9d12b1c77ac2b0af kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/13/3757 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2021 13, p 3757
allfieldsSound	10.3390/ma14133757 doi (DE-627)DOAJ054845521 (DE-599)DOAJ5d521629d4554dea9d12b1c77ac2b0af DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 TA1-2040 QH201-278.5 QC120-168.85 Marina Zykova verfasserin aut Hybrid Ultra-Low-Radioactive Material for Protecting Dark Matter Detector from Background Neutrons 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier A laboratory technology for a new ultra-low background hybrid material (HM) which meets the requirements for neutron absorption with simultaneous neutron detection has been developed. The technology and hybrid material can be useful for future low background underground detectors designed to directly search for dark matter with liquid noble gases. The HM is based on a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polymer matrix in which gadolinium nuclei are homogeneously distributed up to 1.5 wt% concentration in polymer slabs of 5 cm thickness. To determine the 65 impurity elements by the inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique in the Gd-based preparations in 100–0.01 ppb range, the corresponding method has been developed. Limits of determination (LD) of 0.011 ppb for uranium, and 0.016 ppb for thorium were achieved. An analysis of Gd raw materials showed that the lowest contents of U and Th (1.2–0.2 ppb) were detected in commercial Gd-based preparations. They were manufactured either from secondary raw materials (extraction phosphoric acid) or from mineral raw materials formed in sedimentary rocks (phosphogypsum). To produce the Gd-doped HM the commercial GdCl<sub<3</sub< was purified and used for synthesis of low-background coordination compound, namely, acetylacetonate gadolinium (Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub<) with U/Th contents less than LD. When dissolving Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub< in methylmethacrylate, the true solution was obtained and its further thermal polymerization allowed fabrication of the Gd-doped PMMA with ultra-low background. polymethylmethacrylate gadolinium uranium thorium hybrid material inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Microscopy Descriptive and experimental mechanics Mikhail Grishechkin verfasserin aut Andrew Khomyakov verfasserin aut Elena Mozhevitina verfasserin aut Roman Avetisov verfasserin aut Nadezda Surikova verfasserin aut Maxim Gromov verfasserin aut Alexander Chepurnov verfasserin aut Ivan Nikulin verfasserin aut Igor Avetissov verfasserin aut In Materials MDPI AG, 2009 14(2021), 13, p 3757 (DE-627)595712649 (DE-600)2487261-1 19961944 nnns volume:14 year:2021 number:13, p 3757 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14133757 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/5d521629d4554dea9d12b1c77ac2b0af kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/13/3757 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2021 13, p 3757
language	English
source	In Materials 14(2021), 13, p 3757 volume:14 year:2021 number:13, p 3757
sourceStr	In Materials 14(2021), 13, p 3757 volume:14 year:2021 number:13, p 3757
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	polymethylmethacrylate gadolinium uranium thorium hybrid material inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Microscopy Descriptive and experimental mechanics
isfreeaccess_bool	true
container_title	Materials
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Marina Zykova @@aut@@ Mikhail Grishechkin @@aut@@ Andrew Khomyakov @@aut@@ Elena Mozhevitina @@aut@@ Roman Avetisov @@aut@@ Nadezda Surikova @@aut@@ Maxim Gromov @@aut@@ Alexander Chepurnov @@aut@@ Ivan Nikulin @@aut@@ Igor Avetissov @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	595712649
id	DOAJ054845521
language_de	englisch
fullrecord	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">DOAJ054845521</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20240412170648.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">230227s2021 xx \|\|\|\|\|o 00\| \|\|eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.3390/ma14133757</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)DOAJ054845521</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)DOAJ5d521629d4554dea9d12b1c77ac2b0af</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">TK1-9971</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">TA1-2040</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">QH201-278.5</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">QC120-168.85</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Marina Zykova</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Hybrid Ultra-Low-Radioactive Material for Protecting Dark Matter Detector from Background Neutrons</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2021</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">A laboratory technology for a new ultra-low background hybrid material (HM) which meets the requirements for neutron absorption with simultaneous neutron detection has been developed. The technology and hybrid material can be useful for future low background underground detectors designed to directly search for dark matter with liquid noble gases. The HM is based on a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polymer matrix in which gadolinium nuclei are homogeneously distributed up to 1.5 wt% concentration in polymer slabs of 5 cm thickness. To determine the 65 impurity elements by the inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique in the Gd-based preparations in 100–0.01 ppb range, the corresponding method has been developed. Limits of determination (LD) of 0.011 ppb for uranium, and 0.016 ppb for thorium were achieved. An analysis of Gd raw materials showed that the lowest contents of U and Th (1.2–0.2 ppb) were detected in commercial Gd-based preparations. They were manufactured either from secondary raw materials (extraction phosphoric acid) or from mineral raw materials formed in sedimentary rocks (phosphogypsum). To produce the Gd-doped HM the commercial GdCl<sub<3</sub< was purified and used for synthesis of low-background coordination compound, namely, acetylacetonate gadolinium (Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub<) with U/Th contents less than LD. When dissolving Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub< in methylmethacrylate, the true solution was obtained and its further thermal polymerization allowed fabrication of the Gd-doped PMMA with ultra-low background.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">polymethylmethacrylate</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">gadolinium</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">uranium</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">thorium</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">hybrid material</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Technology</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">T</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Microscopy</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Descriptive and experimental mechanics</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Mikhail Grishechkin</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Andrew Khomyakov</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Elena Mozhevitina</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Roman Avetisov</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Nadezda Surikova</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Maxim Gromov</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Alexander Chepurnov</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Ivan Nikulin</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Igor Avetissov</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">In</subfield><subfield code="t">Materials</subfield><subfield code="d">MDPI AG, 2009</subfield><subfield code="g">14(2021), 13, p 3757</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-627)595712649</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-600)2487261-1</subfield><subfield code="x">19961944</subfield><subfield code="7">nnns</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="1" ind2="8"><subfield code="g">volume:14</subfield><subfield code="g">year:2021</subfield><subfield code="g">number:13, p 3757</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14133757</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doaj.org/article/5d521629d4554dea9d12b1c77ac2b0af</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/13/3757</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="u">https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944</subfield><subfield code="y">Journal toc</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_USEFLAG_A</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SYSFLAG_A</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_DOAJ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_11</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_20</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_24</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_39</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_40</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_60</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_62</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_63</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_65</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_69</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_70</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_73</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_95</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_105</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_110</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_151</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_161</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_170</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_206</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_230</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_285</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_293</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_370</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_602</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2005</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2009</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2011</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2014</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2055</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2057</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2108</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2111</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2119</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4012</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4037</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4112</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4125</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4126</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4249</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4305</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4306</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4307</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4313</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4322</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4323</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4324</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4325</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4335</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4338</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4367</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4700</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="951" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">AR</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="952" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="d">14</subfield><subfield code="j">2021</subfield><subfield code="e">13, p 3757</subfield></datafield></record></collection>
callnumber-first	T - Technology
author	Marina Zykova
spellingShingle	Marina Zykova misc TK1-9971 misc TA1-2040 misc QH201-278.5 misc QC120-168.85 misc polymethylmethacrylate misc gadolinium misc uranium misc thorium misc hybrid material misc inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry misc Technology misc T misc Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering misc Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) misc Microscopy misc Descriptive and experimental mechanics Hybrid Ultra-Low-Radioactive Material for Protecting Dark Matter Detector from Background Neutrons
authorStr	Marina Zykova
ppnlink_with_tag_str_mv	@@773@@(DE-627)595712649
format	electronic Article
delete_txt_mv	keep
author_role	aut aut aut aut aut aut aut aut aut aut
collection	DOAJ
remote_str	true
callnumber-label	TK1-9971
illustrated	Not Illustrated
issn	19961944
topic_title	TK1-9971 TA1-2040 QH201-278.5 QC120-168.85 Hybrid Ultra-Low-Radioactive Material for Protecting Dark Matter Detector from Background Neutrons polymethylmethacrylate gadolinium uranium thorium hybrid material inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
topic	misc TK1-9971 misc TA1-2040 misc QH201-278.5 misc QC120-168.85 misc polymethylmethacrylate misc gadolinium misc uranium misc thorium misc hybrid material misc inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry misc Technology misc T misc Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering misc Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) misc Microscopy misc Descriptive and experimental mechanics
topic_unstemmed	misc TK1-9971 misc TA1-2040 misc QH201-278.5 misc QC120-168.85 misc polymethylmethacrylate misc gadolinium misc uranium misc thorium misc hybrid material misc inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry misc Technology misc T misc Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering misc Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) misc Microscopy misc Descriptive and experimental mechanics
topic_browse	misc TK1-9971 misc TA1-2040 misc QH201-278.5 misc QC120-168.85 misc polymethylmethacrylate misc gadolinium misc uranium misc thorium misc hybrid material misc inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry misc Technology misc T misc Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering misc Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) misc Microscopy misc Descriptive and experimental mechanics
format_facet	Elektronische Aufsätze Aufsätze Elektronische Ressource
format_main_str_mv	Text Zeitschrift/Artikel
carriertype_str_mv	cr
hierarchy_parent_title	Materials
hierarchy_parent_id	595712649
hierarchy_top_title	Materials
isfreeaccess_txt	true
familylinks_str_mv	(DE-627)595712649 (DE-600)2487261-1
title	Hybrid Ultra-Low-Radioactive Material for Protecting Dark Matter Detector from Background Neutrons
ctrlnum	(DE-627)DOAJ054845521 (DE-599)DOAJ5d521629d4554dea9d12b1c77ac2b0af
title_full	Hybrid Ultra-Low-Radioactive Material for Protecting Dark Matter Detector from Background Neutrons
author_sort	Marina Zykova
journal	Materials
journalStr	Materials
callnumber-first-code	T
lang_code	eng
isOA_bool	true
recordtype	marc
publishDateSort	2021
contenttype_str_mv	txt
author_browse	Marina Zykova Mikhail Grishechkin Andrew Khomyakov Elena Mozhevitina Roman Avetisov Nadezda Surikova Maxim Gromov Alexander Chepurnov Ivan Nikulin Igor Avetissov
container_volume	14
class	TK1-9971 TA1-2040 QH201-278.5 QC120-168.85
format_se	Elektronische Aufsätze
author-letter	Marina Zykova
doi_str_mv	10.3390/ma14133757
author2-role	verfasserin
title_sort	hybrid ultra-low-radioactive material for protecting dark matter detector from background neutrons
callnumber	TK1-9971
title_auth	Hybrid Ultra-Low-Radioactive Material for Protecting Dark Matter Detector from Background Neutrons
abstract	A laboratory technology for a new ultra-low background hybrid material (HM) which meets the requirements for neutron absorption with simultaneous neutron detection has been developed. The technology and hybrid material can be useful for future low background underground detectors designed to directly search for dark matter with liquid noble gases. The HM is based on a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polymer matrix in which gadolinium nuclei are homogeneously distributed up to 1.5 wt% concentration in polymer slabs of 5 cm thickness. To determine the 65 impurity elements by the inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique in the Gd-based preparations in 100–0.01 ppb range, the corresponding method has been developed. Limits of determination (LD) of 0.011 ppb for uranium, and 0.016 ppb for thorium were achieved. An analysis of Gd raw materials showed that the lowest contents of U and Th (1.2–0.2 ppb) were detected in commercial Gd-based preparations. They were manufactured either from secondary raw materials (extraction phosphoric acid) or from mineral raw materials formed in sedimentary rocks (phosphogypsum). To produce the Gd-doped HM the commercial GdCl<sub<3</sub< was purified and used for synthesis of low-background coordination compound, namely, acetylacetonate gadolinium (Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub<) with U/Th contents less than LD. When dissolving Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub< in methylmethacrylate, the true solution was obtained and its further thermal polymerization allowed fabrication of the Gd-doped PMMA with ultra-low background.
abstractGer	A laboratory technology for a new ultra-low background hybrid material (HM) which meets the requirements for neutron absorption with simultaneous neutron detection has been developed. The technology and hybrid material can be useful for future low background underground detectors designed to directly search for dark matter with liquid noble gases. The HM is based on a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polymer matrix in which gadolinium nuclei are homogeneously distributed up to 1.5 wt% concentration in polymer slabs of 5 cm thickness. To determine the 65 impurity elements by the inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique in the Gd-based preparations in 100–0.01 ppb range, the corresponding method has been developed. Limits of determination (LD) of 0.011 ppb for uranium, and 0.016 ppb for thorium were achieved. An analysis of Gd raw materials showed that the lowest contents of U and Th (1.2–0.2 ppb) were detected in commercial Gd-based preparations. They were manufactured either from secondary raw materials (extraction phosphoric acid) or from mineral raw materials formed in sedimentary rocks (phosphogypsum). To produce the Gd-doped HM the commercial GdCl<sub<3</sub< was purified and used for synthesis of low-background coordination compound, namely, acetylacetonate gadolinium (Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub<) with U/Th contents less than LD. When dissolving Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub< in methylmethacrylate, the true solution was obtained and its further thermal polymerization allowed fabrication of the Gd-doped PMMA with ultra-low background.
abstract_unstemmed	A laboratory technology for a new ultra-low background hybrid material (HM) which meets the requirements for neutron absorption with simultaneous neutron detection has been developed. The technology and hybrid material can be useful for future low background underground detectors designed to directly search for dark matter with liquid noble gases. The HM is based on a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polymer matrix in which gadolinium nuclei are homogeneously distributed up to 1.5 wt% concentration in polymer slabs of 5 cm thickness. To determine the 65 impurity elements by the inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique in the Gd-based preparations in 100–0.01 ppb range, the corresponding method has been developed. Limits of determination (LD) of 0.011 ppb for uranium, and 0.016 ppb for thorium were achieved. An analysis of Gd raw materials showed that the lowest contents of U and Th (1.2–0.2 ppb) were detected in commercial Gd-based preparations. They were manufactured either from secondary raw materials (extraction phosphoric acid) or from mineral raw materials formed in sedimentary rocks (phosphogypsum). To produce the Gd-doped HM the commercial GdCl<sub<3</sub< was purified and used for synthesis of low-background coordination compound, namely, acetylacetonate gadolinium (Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub<) with U/Th contents less than LD. When dissolving Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub< in methylmethacrylate, the true solution was obtained and its further thermal polymerization allowed fabrication of the Gd-doped PMMA with ultra-low background.
collection_details	GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700
container_issue	13, p 3757
title_short	Hybrid Ultra-Low-Radioactive Material for Protecting Dark Matter Detector from Background Neutrons
url	https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14133757 https://doaj.org/article/5d521629d4554dea9d12b1c77ac2b0af https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/13/3757 https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944
remote_bool	true
author2	Mikhail Grishechkin Andrew Khomyakov Elena Mozhevitina Roman Avetisov Nadezda Surikova Maxim Gromov Alexander Chepurnov Ivan Nikulin Igor Avetissov
author2Str	Mikhail Grishechkin Andrew Khomyakov Elena Mozhevitina Roman Avetisov Nadezda Surikova Maxim Gromov Alexander Chepurnov Ivan Nikulin Igor Avetissov
ppnlink	595712649
callnumber-subject	TK - Electrical and Nuclear Engineering
mediatype_str_mv	c
isOA_txt	true
hochschulschrift_bool	false
doi_str	10.3390/ma14133757
callnumber-a	TK1-9971
up_date	2024-07-04T00:50:06.600Z
_version_	1803607559741898752
fullrecord_marcxml	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">DOAJ054845521</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20240412170648.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">230227s2021 xx \|\|\|\|\|o 00\| \|\|eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.3390/ma14133757</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)DOAJ054845521</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)DOAJ5d521629d4554dea9d12b1c77ac2b0af</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">TK1-9971</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">TA1-2040</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">QH201-278.5</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">QC120-168.85</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Marina Zykova</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Hybrid Ultra-Low-Radioactive Material for Protecting Dark Matter Detector from Background Neutrons</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2021</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">A laboratory technology for a new ultra-low background hybrid material (HM) which meets the requirements for neutron absorption with simultaneous neutron detection has been developed. The technology and hybrid material can be useful for future low background underground detectors designed to directly search for dark matter with liquid noble gases. The HM is based on a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polymer matrix in which gadolinium nuclei are homogeneously distributed up to 1.5 wt% concentration in polymer slabs of 5 cm thickness. To determine the 65 impurity elements by the inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique in the Gd-based preparations in 100–0.01 ppb range, the corresponding method has been developed. Limits of determination (LD) of 0.011 ppb for uranium, and 0.016 ppb for thorium were achieved. An analysis of Gd raw materials showed that the lowest contents of U and Th (1.2–0.2 ppb) were detected in commercial Gd-based preparations. They were manufactured either from secondary raw materials (extraction phosphoric acid) or from mineral raw materials formed in sedimentary rocks (phosphogypsum). To produce the Gd-doped HM the commercial GdCl<sub<3</sub< was purified and used for synthesis of low-background coordination compound, namely, acetylacetonate gadolinium (Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub<) with U/Th contents less than LD. When dissolving Gd(acac)<sub<3</sub< in methylmethacrylate, the true solution was obtained and its further thermal polymerization allowed fabrication of the Gd-doped PMMA with ultra-low background.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">polymethylmethacrylate</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">gadolinium</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">uranium</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">thorium</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">hybrid material</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Technology</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">T</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Microscopy</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Descriptive and experimental mechanics</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Mikhail Grishechkin</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Andrew Khomyakov</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Elena Mozhevitina</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Roman Avetisov</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Nadezda Surikova</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Maxim Gromov</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Alexander Chepurnov</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Ivan Nikulin</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Igor Avetissov</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">In</subfield><subfield code="t">Materials</subfield><subfield code="d">MDPI AG, 2009</subfield><subfield code="g">14(2021), 13, p 3757</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-627)595712649</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-600)2487261-1</subfield><subfield code="x">19961944</subfield><subfield code="7">nnns</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="1" ind2="8"><subfield code="g">volume:14</subfield><subfield code="g">year:2021</subfield><subfield code="g">number:13, p 3757</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14133757</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doaj.org/article/5d521629d4554dea9d12b1c77ac2b0af</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/13/3757</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="u">https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944</subfield><subfield code="y">Journal toc</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_USEFLAG_A</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SYSFLAG_A</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_DOAJ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_11</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_20</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_24</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_39</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_40</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_60</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_62</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_63</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_65</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_69</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_70</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_73</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_95</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_105</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_110</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_151</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_161</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_170</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_206</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_230</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_285</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_293</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_370</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_602</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2005</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2009</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2011</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2014</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2055</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2057</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2108</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2111</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2119</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4012</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4037</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4112</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4125</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4126</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4249</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4305</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4306</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4307</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4313</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4322</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4323</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4324</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4325</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4335</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4338</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4367</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4700</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="951" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">AR</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="952" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="d">14</subfield><subfield code="j">2021</subfield><subfield code="e">13, p 3757</subfield></datafield></record></collection>
score	7.401705

Nicht das Richtige dabei?

Schreiben Sie uns!

Hybrid Ultra-Low-Radioactive Material for Protecting Dark Matter Detector from Background Neutrons

Nicht das Richtige dabei?

Zugang & Verfügbarkeit

Vorhandene Bände

Nicht das Richtige dabei?