Comparative Numerical Study of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in Exit-and-Entrance Areas Associated with Transboundary Transport over China, Japan, and Korea

We report the results of year-long PM<sub<2.5</sub< (particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter) simulations over Northeast Asia for the base year of 2013 under the framework of the Long-range Transboundary Air Pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) project. LTP is a tripartite project launched by China, Japan, and Korea for cooperative monitoring and modeling of the long-range transport (LRT) of air pollutants. In the modeling aspect in the LTP project, each country’s modeling group employs its own original air quality model and options. The three regional air quality models employed by the modeling groups are WRF-CAMx, NHM-RAQM2, and WRF-CMAQ. PM<sub<2.5</sub< concentrations were simulated in remote exit-and-entrance areas associated with the LRT process over China, Japan, and Korea. The results showed apparent bias that remains unexplored due to a series of uncertainties from emission estimates and inherent model limitations. The simulated PM<sub<10</sub< levels at seven remote exit-and-entrance sites were underestimated with the normalized mean bias of 0.4 ± 0.2. Among the four chemical components of PM<sub<2.5</sub< (SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup<, NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<, organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC)), the largest inter-model variability was in OC, with the second largest discrepancy in NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<. Our simulation results also indicated that under considerable SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< levels, favorable environments for ammonium nitrate formation were found in exit-and-entrance areas between China and Korea, and gas-aerosol partitioning for semi-volatile species of ammonium nitrate could be fully achieved prior to arrival at the entrance areas. Other chemical characteristics, including NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup</SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< and OC/EC ratios, are discussed to diagnose the LRT characteristics of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in exit-and-entrance areas associated with transboundary transport over China, Japan, and Korea. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Cheol-Hee Kim [verfasserIn] Fan Meng [verfasserIn] Mizuo Kajino [verfasserIn] Jaehyun Lim [verfasserIn] Wei Tang [verfasserIn] Jong-Jae Lee [verfasserIn] Yusuke Kiriyama [verfasserIn] Jung-Hun Woo [verfasserIn] Keiichi Sato [verfasserIn] Toshihiro Kitada [verfasserIn] Hiroaki Minoura [verfasserIn] Jiyoung Kim [verfasserIn] Kyoung-Bin Lee [verfasserIn] Soona Roh [verfasserIn] Hyun-Young Jo [verfasserIn] Yu-Jin Jo [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Schlagwörter:	model intercomparison transboundary air pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) PM Northeast Asia

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Atmosphere - MDPI AG, 2011, 12(2021), 4, p 469
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:12 ; year:2021 ; number:4, p 469

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/atmos12040469

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ05491129X

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520			\|a We report the results of year-long PM<sub<2.5</sub< (particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter) simulations over Northeast Asia for the base year of 2013 under the framework of the Long-range Transboundary Air Pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) project. LTP is a tripartite project launched by China, Japan, and Korea for cooperative monitoring and modeling of the long-range transport (LRT) of air pollutants. In the modeling aspect in the LTP project, each country’s modeling group employs its own original air quality model and options. The three regional air quality models employed by the modeling groups are WRF-CAMx, NHM-RAQM2, and WRF-CMAQ. PM<sub<2.5</sub< concentrations were simulated in remote exit-and-entrance areas associated with the LRT process over China, Japan, and Korea. The results showed apparent bias that remains unexplored due to a series of uncertainties from emission estimates and inherent model limitations. The simulated PM<sub<10</sub< levels at seven remote exit-and-entrance sites were underestimated with the normalized mean bias of 0.4 ± 0.2. Among the four chemical components of PM<sub<2.5</sub< (SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup<, NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<, organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC)), the largest inter-model variability was in OC, with the second largest discrepancy in NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<. Our simulation results also indicated that under considerable SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< levels, favorable environments for ammonium nitrate formation were found in exit-and-entrance areas between China and Korea, and gas-aerosol partitioning for semi-volatile species of ammonium nitrate could be fully achieved prior to arrival at the entrance areas. Other chemical characteristics, including NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup</SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< and OC/EC ratios, are discussed to diagnose the LRT characteristics of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in exit-and-entrance areas associated with transboundary transport over China, Japan, and Korea.
650		4	\|a model intercomparison
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700	0		\|a Wei Tang \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
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700	0		\|a Soona Roh \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
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700	0		\|a Yu-Jin Jo \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
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allfields	10.3390/atmos12040469 doi (DE-627)DOAJ05491129X (DE-599)DOAJea79c83686b0498fbebb55910d901a9e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC851-999 Cheol-Hee Kim verfasserin aut Comparative Numerical Study of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in Exit-and-Entrance Areas Associated with Transboundary Transport over China, Japan, and Korea 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier We report the results of year-long PM<sub<2.5</sub< (particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter) simulations over Northeast Asia for the base year of 2013 under the framework of the Long-range Transboundary Air Pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) project. LTP is a tripartite project launched by China, Japan, and Korea for cooperative monitoring and modeling of the long-range transport (LRT) of air pollutants. In the modeling aspect in the LTP project, each country’s modeling group employs its own original air quality model and options. The three regional air quality models employed by the modeling groups are WRF-CAMx, NHM-RAQM2, and WRF-CMAQ. PM<sub<2.5</sub< concentrations were simulated in remote exit-and-entrance areas associated with the LRT process over China, Japan, and Korea. The results showed apparent bias that remains unexplored due to a series of uncertainties from emission estimates and inherent model limitations. The simulated PM<sub<10</sub< levels at seven remote exit-and-entrance sites were underestimated with the normalized mean bias of 0.4 ± 0.2. Among the four chemical components of PM<sub<2.5</sub< (SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup<, NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<, organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC)), the largest inter-model variability was in OC, with the second largest discrepancy in NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<. Our simulation results also indicated that under considerable SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< levels, favorable environments for ammonium nitrate formation were found in exit-and-entrance areas between China and Korea, and gas-aerosol partitioning for semi-volatile species of ammonium nitrate could be fully achieved prior to arrival at the entrance areas. Other chemical characteristics, including NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup</SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< and OC/EC ratios, are discussed to diagnose the LRT characteristics of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in exit-and-entrance areas associated with transboundary transport over China, Japan, and Korea. model intercomparison transboundary air pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) PM<sub<2.5</sub< simulation Northeast Asia Meteorology. Climatology Fan Meng verfasserin aut Mizuo Kajino verfasserin aut Jaehyun Lim verfasserin aut Wei Tang verfasserin aut Jong-Jae Lee verfasserin aut Yusuke Kiriyama verfasserin aut Jung-Hun Woo verfasserin aut Keiichi Sato verfasserin aut Toshihiro Kitada verfasserin aut Hiroaki Minoura verfasserin aut Jiyoung Kim verfasserin aut Kyoung-Bin Lee verfasserin aut Soona Roh verfasserin aut Hyun-Young Jo verfasserin aut Yu-Jin Jo verfasserin aut In Atmosphere MDPI AG, 2011 12(2021), 4, p 469 (DE-627)657584010 (DE-600)2605928-9 20734433 nnns volume:12 year:2021 number:4, p 469 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12040469 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ea79c83686b0498fbebb55910d901a9e kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/4/469 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021 4, p 469
spelling	10.3390/atmos12040469 doi (DE-627)DOAJ05491129X (DE-599)DOAJea79c83686b0498fbebb55910d901a9e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC851-999 Cheol-Hee Kim verfasserin aut Comparative Numerical Study of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in Exit-and-Entrance Areas Associated with Transboundary Transport over China, Japan, and Korea 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier We report the results of year-long PM<sub<2.5</sub< (particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter) simulations over Northeast Asia for the base year of 2013 under the framework of the Long-range Transboundary Air Pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) project. LTP is a tripartite project launched by China, Japan, and Korea for cooperative monitoring and modeling of the long-range transport (LRT) of air pollutants. In the modeling aspect in the LTP project, each country’s modeling group employs its own original air quality model and options. The three regional air quality models employed by the modeling groups are WRF-CAMx, NHM-RAQM2, and WRF-CMAQ. PM<sub<2.5</sub< concentrations were simulated in remote exit-and-entrance areas associated with the LRT process over China, Japan, and Korea. The results showed apparent bias that remains unexplored due to a series of uncertainties from emission estimates and inherent model limitations. The simulated PM<sub<10</sub< levels at seven remote exit-and-entrance sites were underestimated with the normalized mean bias of 0.4 ± 0.2. Among the four chemical components of PM<sub<2.5</sub< (SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup<, NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<, organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC)), the largest inter-model variability was in OC, with the second largest discrepancy in NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<. Our simulation results also indicated that under considerable SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< levels, favorable environments for ammonium nitrate formation were found in exit-and-entrance areas between China and Korea, and gas-aerosol partitioning for semi-volatile species of ammonium nitrate could be fully achieved prior to arrival at the entrance areas. Other chemical characteristics, including NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup</SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< and OC/EC ratios, are discussed to diagnose the LRT characteristics of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in exit-and-entrance areas associated with transboundary transport over China, Japan, and Korea. model intercomparison transboundary air pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) PM<sub<2.5</sub< simulation Northeast Asia Meteorology. Climatology Fan Meng verfasserin aut Mizuo Kajino verfasserin aut Jaehyun Lim verfasserin aut Wei Tang verfasserin aut Jong-Jae Lee verfasserin aut Yusuke Kiriyama verfasserin aut Jung-Hun Woo verfasserin aut Keiichi Sato verfasserin aut Toshihiro Kitada verfasserin aut Hiroaki Minoura verfasserin aut Jiyoung Kim verfasserin aut Kyoung-Bin Lee verfasserin aut Soona Roh verfasserin aut Hyun-Young Jo verfasserin aut Yu-Jin Jo verfasserin aut In Atmosphere MDPI AG, 2011 12(2021), 4, p 469 (DE-627)657584010 (DE-600)2605928-9 20734433 nnns volume:12 year:2021 number:4, p 469 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12040469 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ea79c83686b0498fbebb55910d901a9e kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/4/469 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021 4, p 469
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/atmos12040469 doi (DE-627)DOAJ05491129X (DE-599)DOAJea79c83686b0498fbebb55910d901a9e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC851-999 Cheol-Hee Kim verfasserin aut Comparative Numerical Study of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in Exit-and-Entrance Areas Associated with Transboundary Transport over China, Japan, and Korea 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier We report the results of year-long PM<sub<2.5</sub< (particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter) simulations over Northeast Asia for the base year of 2013 under the framework of the Long-range Transboundary Air Pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) project. LTP is a tripartite project launched by China, Japan, and Korea for cooperative monitoring and modeling of the long-range transport (LRT) of air pollutants. In the modeling aspect in the LTP project, each country’s modeling group employs its own original air quality model and options. The three regional air quality models employed by the modeling groups are WRF-CAMx, NHM-RAQM2, and WRF-CMAQ. PM<sub<2.5</sub< concentrations were simulated in remote exit-and-entrance areas associated with the LRT process over China, Japan, and Korea. The results showed apparent bias that remains unexplored due to a series of uncertainties from emission estimates and inherent model limitations. The simulated PM<sub<10</sub< levels at seven remote exit-and-entrance sites were underestimated with the normalized mean bias of 0.4 ± 0.2. Among the four chemical components of PM<sub<2.5</sub< (SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup<, NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<, organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC)), the largest inter-model variability was in OC, with the second largest discrepancy in NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<. Our simulation results also indicated that under considerable SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< levels, favorable environments for ammonium nitrate formation were found in exit-and-entrance areas between China and Korea, and gas-aerosol partitioning for semi-volatile species of ammonium nitrate could be fully achieved prior to arrival at the entrance areas. Other chemical characteristics, including NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup</SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< and OC/EC ratios, are discussed to diagnose the LRT characteristics of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in exit-and-entrance areas associated with transboundary transport over China, Japan, and Korea. model intercomparison transboundary air pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) PM<sub<2.5</sub< simulation Northeast Asia Meteorology. Climatology Fan Meng verfasserin aut Mizuo Kajino verfasserin aut Jaehyun Lim verfasserin aut Wei Tang verfasserin aut Jong-Jae Lee verfasserin aut Yusuke Kiriyama verfasserin aut Jung-Hun Woo verfasserin aut Keiichi Sato verfasserin aut Toshihiro Kitada verfasserin aut Hiroaki Minoura verfasserin aut Jiyoung Kim verfasserin aut Kyoung-Bin Lee verfasserin aut Soona Roh verfasserin aut Hyun-Young Jo verfasserin aut Yu-Jin Jo verfasserin aut In Atmosphere MDPI AG, 2011 12(2021), 4, p 469 (DE-627)657584010 (DE-600)2605928-9 20734433 nnns volume:12 year:2021 number:4, p 469 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12040469 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ea79c83686b0498fbebb55910d901a9e kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/4/469 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021 4, p 469
allfieldsGer	10.3390/atmos12040469 doi (DE-627)DOAJ05491129X (DE-599)DOAJea79c83686b0498fbebb55910d901a9e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC851-999 Cheol-Hee Kim verfasserin aut Comparative Numerical Study of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in Exit-and-Entrance Areas Associated with Transboundary Transport over China, Japan, and Korea 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier We report the results of year-long PM<sub<2.5</sub< (particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter) simulations over Northeast Asia for the base year of 2013 under the framework of the Long-range Transboundary Air Pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) project. LTP is a tripartite project launched by China, Japan, and Korea for cooperative monitoring and modeling of the long-range transport (LRT) of air pollutants. In the modeling aspect in the LTP project, each country’s modeling group employs its own original air quality model and options. The three regional air quality models employed by the modeling groups are WRF-CAMx, NHM-RAQM2, and WRF-CMAQ. PM<sub<2.5</sub< concentrations were simulated in remote exit-and-entrance areas associated with the LRT process over China, Japan, and Korea. The results showed apparent bias that remains unexplored due to a series of uncertainties from emission estimates and inherent model limitations. The simulated PM<sub<10</sub< levels at seven remote exit-and-entrance sites were underestimated with the normalized mean bias of 0.4 ± 0.2. Among the four chemical components of PM<sub<2.5</sub< (SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup<, NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<, organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC)), the largest inter-model variability was in OC, with the second largest discrepancy in NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<. Our simulation results also indicated that under considerable SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< levels, favorable environments for ammonium nitrate formation were found in exit-and-entrance areas between China and Korea, and gas-aerosol partitioning for semi-volatile species of ammonium nitrate could be fully achieved prior to arrival at the entrance areas. Other chemical characteristics, including NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup</SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< and OC/EC ratios, are discussed to diagnose the LRT characteristics of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in exit-and-entrance areas associated with transboundary transport over China, Japan, and Korea. model intercomparison transboundary air pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) PM<sub<2.5</sub< simulation Northeast Asia Meteorology. Climatology Fan Meng verfasserin aut Mizuo Kajino verfasserin aut Jaehyun Lim verfasserin aut Wei Tang verfasserin aut Jong-Jae Lee verfasserin aut Yusuke Kiriyama verfasserin aut Jung-Hun Woo verfasserin aut Keiichi Sato verfasserin aut Toshihiro Kitada verfasserin aut Hiroaki Minoura verfasserin aut Jiyoung Kim verfasserin aut Kyoung-Bin Lee verfasserin aut Soona Roh verfasserin aut Hyun-Young Jo verfasserin aut Yu-Jin Jo verfasserin aut In Atmosphere MDPI AG, 2011 12(2021), 4, p 469 (DE-627)657584010 (DE-600)2605928-9 20734433 nnns volume:12 year:2021 number:4, p 469 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12040469 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ea79c83686b0498fbebb55910d901a9e kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/4/469 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021 4, p 469
allfieldsSound	10.3390/atmos12040469 doi (DE-627)DOAJ05491129X (DE-599)DOAJea79c83686b0498fbebb55910d901a9e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC851-999 Cheol-Hee Kim verfasserin aut Comparative Numerical Study of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in Exit-and-Entrance Areas Associated with Transboundary Transport over China, Japan, and Korea 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier We report the results of year-long PM<sub<2.5</sub< (particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter) simulations over Northeast Asia for the base year of 2013 under the framework of the Long-range Transboundary Air Pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) project. LTP is a tripartite project launched by China, Japan, and Korea for cooperative monitoring and modeling of the long-range transport (LRT) of air pollutants. In the modeling aspect in the LTP project, each country’s modeling group employs its own original air quality model and options. The three regional air quality models employed by the modeling groups are WRF-CAMx, NHM-RAQM2, and WRF-CMAQ. PM<sub<2.5</sub< concentrations were simulated in remote exit-and-entrance areas associated with the LRT process over China, Japan, and Korea. The results showed apparent bias that remains unexplored due to a series of uncertainties from emission estimates and inherent model limitations. The simulated PM<sub<10</sub< levels at seven remote exit-and-entrance sites were underestimated with the normalized mean bias of 0.4 ± 0.2. Among the four chemical components of PM<sub<2.5</sub< (SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup<, NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<, organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC)), the largest inter-model variability was in OC, with the second largest discrepancy in NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<. Our simulation results also indicated that under considerable SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< levels, favorable environments for ammonium nitrate formation were found in exit-and-entrance areas between China and Korea, and gas-aerosol partitioning for semi-volatile species of ammonium nitrate could be fully achieved prior to arrival at the entrance areas. Other chemical characteristics, including NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup</SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< and OC/EC ratios, are discussed to diagnose the LRT characteristics of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in exit-and-entrance areas associated with transboundary transport over China, Japan, and Korea. model intercomparison transboundary air pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) PM<sub<2.5</sub< simulation Northeast Asia Meteorology. Climatology Fan Meng verfasserin aut Mizuo Kajino verfasserin aut Jaehyun Lim verfasserin aut Wei Tang verfasserin aut Jong-Jae Lee verfasserin aut Yusuke Kiriyama verfasserin aut Jung-Hun Woo verfasserin aut Keiichi Sato verfasserin aut Toshihiro Kitada verfasserin aut Hiroaki Minoura verfasserin aut Jiyoung Kim verfasserin aut Kyoung-Bin Lee verfasserin aut Soona Roh verfasserin aut Hyun-Young Jo verfasserin aut Yu-Jin Jo verfasserin aut In Atmosphere MDPI AG, 2011 12(2021), 4, p 469 (DE-627)657584010 (DE-600)2605928-9 20734433 nnns volume:12 year:2021 number:4, p 469 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12040469 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ea79c83686b0498fbebb55910d901a9e kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/4/469 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021 4, p 469
language	English
source	In Atmosphere 12(2021), 4, p 469 volume:12 year:2021 number:4, p 469
sourceStr	In Atmosphere 12(2021), 4, p 469 volume:12 year:2021 number:4, p 469
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	model intercomparison transboundary air pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) PM<sub<2.5</sub< simulation Northeast Asia Meteorology. Climatology
isfreeaccess_bool	true
container_title	Atmosphere
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Cheol-Hee Kim @@aut@@ Fan Meng @@aut@@ Mizuo Kajino @@aut@@ Jaehyun Lim @@aut@@ Wei Tang @@aut@@ Jong-Jae Lee @@aut@@ Yusuke Kiriyama @@aut@@ Jung-Hun Woo @@aut@@ Keiichi Sato @@aut@@ Toshihiro Kitada @@aut@@ Hiroaki Minoura @@aut@@ Jiyoung Kim @@aut@@ Kyoung-Bin Lee @@aut@@ Soona Roh @@aut@@ Hyun-Young Jo @@aut@@ Yu-Jin Jo @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	657584010
id	DOAJ05491129X
language_de	englisch
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LTP is a tripartite project launched by China, Japan, and Korea for cooperative monitoring and modeling of the long-range transport (LRT) of air pollutants. In the modeling aspect in the LTP project, each country’s modeling group employs its own original air quality model and options. The three regional air quality models employed by the modeling groups are WRF-CAMx, NHM-RAQM2, and WRF-CMAQ. PM<sub<2.5</sub< concentrations were simulated in remote exit-and-entrance areas associated with the LRT process over China, Japan, and Korea. The results showed apparent bias that remains unexplored due to a series of uncertainties from emission estimates and inherent model limitations. The simulated PM<sub<10</sub< levels at seven remote exit-and-entrance sites were underestimated with the normalized mean bias of 0.4 ± 0.2. Among the four chemical components of PM<sub<2.5</sub< (SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup<, NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<, organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC)), the largest inter-model variability was in OC, with the second largest discrepancy in NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<. Our simulation results also indicated that under considerable SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< levels, favorable environments for ammonium nitrate formation were found in exit-and-entrance areas between China and Korea, and gas-aerosol partitioning for semi-volatile species of ammonium nitrate could be fully achieved prior to arrival at the entrance areas. 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callnumber-first	Q - Science
author	Cheol-Hee Kim
spellingShingle	Cheol-Hee Kim misc QC851-999 misc model intercomparison misc transboundary air pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) misc PM<sub<2.5</sub< simulation misc Northeast Asia misc Meteorology. Climatology Comparative Numerical Study of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in Exit-and-Entrance Areas Associated with Transboundary Transport over China, Japan, and Korea
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topic_title	QC851-999 Comparative Numerical Study of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in Exit-and-Entrance Areas Associated with Transboundary Transport over China, Japan, and Korea model intercomparison transboundary air pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) PM<sub<2.5</sub< simulation Northeast Asia
topic	misc QC851-999 misc model intercomparison misc transboundary air pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) misc PM<sub<2.5</sub< simulation misc Northeast Asia misc Meteorology. Climatology
topic_unstemmed	misc QC851-999 misc model intercomparison misc transboundary air pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) misc PM<sub<2.5</sub< simulation misc Northeast Asia misc Meteorology. Climatology
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title	Comparative Numerical Study of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in Exit-and-Entrance Areas Associated with Transboundary Transport over China, Japan, and Korea
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title_full	Comparative Numerical Study of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in Exit-and-Entrance Areas Associated with Transboundary Transport over China, Japan, and Korea
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author_browse	Cheol-Hee Kim Fan Meng Mizuo Kajino Jaehyun Lim Wei Tang Jong-Jae Lee Yusuke Kiriyama Jung-Hun Woo Keiichi Sato Toshihiro Kitada Hiroaki Minoura Jiyoung Kim Kyoung-Bin Lee Soona Roh Hyun-Young Jo Yu-Jin Jo
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author-letter	Cheol-Hee Kim
doi_str_mv	10.3390/atmos12040469
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title_sort	comparative numerical study of pm<sub<2.5</sub< in exit-and-entrance areas associated with transboundary transport over china, japan, and korea
callnumber	QC851-999
title_auth	Comparative Numerical Study of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in Exit-and-Entrance Areas Associated with Transboundary Transport over China, Japan, and Korea
abstract	We report the results of year-long PM<sub<2.5</sub< (particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter) simulations over Northeast Asia for the base year of 2013 under the framework of the Long-range Transboundary Air Pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) project. LTP is a tripartite project launched by China, Japan, and Korea for cooperative monitoring and modeling of the long-range transport (LRT) of air pollutants. In the modeling aspect in the LTP project, each country’s modeling group employs its own original air quality model and options. The three regional air quality models employed by the modeling groups are WRF-CAMx, NHM-RAQM2, and WRF-CMAQ. PM<sub<2.5</sub< concentrations were simulated in remote exit-and-entrance areas associated with the LRT process over China, Japan, and Korea. The results showed apparent bias that remains unexplored due to a series of uncertainties from emission estimates and inherent model limitations. The simulated PM<sub<10</sub< levels at seven remote exit-and-entrance sites were underestimated with the normalized mean bias of 0.4 ± 0.2. Among the four chemical components of PM<sub<2.5</sub< (SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup<, NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<, organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC)), the largest inter-model variability was in OC, with the second largest discrepancy in NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<. Our simulation results also indicated that under considerable SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< levels, favorable environments for ammonium nitrate formation were found in exit-and-entrance areas between China and Korea, and gas-aerosol partitioning for semi-volatile species of ammonium nitrate could be fully achieved prior to arrival at the entrance areas. Other chemical characteristics, including NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup</SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< and OC/EC ratios, are discussed to diagnose the LRT characteristics of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in exit-and-entrance areas associated with transboundary transport over China, Japan, and Korea.
abstractGer	We report the results of year-long PM<sub<2.5</sub< (particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter) simulations over Northeast Asia for the base year of 2013 under the framework of the Long-range Transboundary Air Pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) project. LTP is a tripartite project launched by China, Japan, and Korea for cooperative monitoring and modeling of the long-range transport (LRT) of air pollutants. In the modeling aspect in the LTP project, each country’s modeling group employs its own original air quality model and options. The three regional air quality models employed by the modeling groups are WRF-CAMx, NHM-RAQM2, and WRF-CMAQ. PM<sub<2.5</sub< concentrations were simulated in remote exit-and-entrance areas associated with the LRT process over China, Japan, and Korea. The results showed apparent bias that remains unexplored due to a series of uncertainties from emission estimates and inherent model limitations. The simulated PM<sub<10</sub< levels at seven remote exit-and-entrance sites were underestimated with the normalized mean bias of 0.4 ± 0.2. Among the four chemical components of PM<sub<2.5</sub< (SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup<, NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<, organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC)), the largest inter-model variability was in OC, with the second largest discrepancy in NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<. Our simulation results also indicated that under considerable SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< levels, favorable environments for ammonium nitrate formation were found in exit-and-entrance areas between China and Korea, and gas-aerosol partitioning for semi-volatile species of ammonium nitrate could be fully achieved prior to arrival at the entrance areas. Other chemical characteristics, including NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup</SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< and OC/EC ratios, are discussed to diagnose the LRT characteristics of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in exit-and-entrance areas associated with transboundary transport over China, Japan, and Korea.
abstract_unstemmed	We report the results of year-long PM<sub<2.5</sub< (particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter) simulations over Northeast Asia for the base year of 2013 under the framework of the Long-range Transboundary Air Pollutants in Northeast Asia (LTP) project. LTP is a tripartite project launched by China, Japan, and Korea for cooperative monitoring and modeling of the long-range transport (LRT) of air pollutants. In the modeling aspect in the LTP project, each country’s modeling group employs its own original air quality model and options. The three regional air quality models employed by the modeling groups are WRF-CAMx, NHM-RAQM2, and WRF-CMAQ. PM<sub<2.5</sub< concentrations were simulated in remote exit-and-entrance areas associated with the LRT process over China, Japan, and Korea. The results showed apparent bias that remains unexplored due to a series of uncertainties from emission estimates and inherent model limitations. The simulated PM<sub<10</sub< levels at seven remote exit-and-entrance sites were underestimated with the normalized mean bias of 0.4 ± 0.2. Among the four chemical components of PM<sub<2.5</sub< (SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup<, NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<, organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC)), the largest inter-model variability was in OC, with the second largest discrepancy in NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup<. Our simulation results also indicated that under considerable SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< levels, favorable environments for ammonium nitrate formation were found in exit-and-entrance areas between China and Korea, and gas-aerosol partitioning for semi-volatile species of ammonium nitrate could be fully achieved prior to arrival at the entrance areas. Other chemical characteristics, including NO<sub<3</sub<<sup<−</sup</SO<sub<4</sub<<sup<2−</sup< and OC/EC ratios, are discussed to diagnose the LRT characteristics of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in exit-and-entrance areas associated with transboundary transport over China, Japan, and Korea.
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container_issue	4, p 469
title_short	Comparative Numerical Study of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in Exit-and-Entrance Areas Associated with Transboundary Transport over China, Japan, and Korea
url	https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12040469 https://doaj.org/article/ea79c83686b0498fbebb55910d901a9e https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/4/469 https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433
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author2Str	Fan Meng Mizuo Kajino Jaehyun Lim Wei Tang Jong-Jae Lee Yusuke Kiriyama Jung-Hun Woo Keiichi Sato Toshihiro Kitada Hiroaki Minoura Jiyoung Kim Kyoung-Bin Lee Soona Roh Hyun-Young Jo Yu-Jin Jo
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Comparative Numerical Study of PM<sub<2.5</sub< in Exit-and-Entrance Areas Associated with Transboundary Transport over China, Japan, and Korea

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