Patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine

Abstract Background High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is among the deadliest human cancers and its prognosis remains extremely poor. Tumor heterogeneity and rapid acquisition of resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic approaches strongly contribute to poor outcome of patients. The clinical landscape of HGSOC has been radically transformed since the advent of targeted therapies in the last decade. Nevertheless, the lack of predictive biomarkers informing on the differential clinical benefit in select subgroups, and allowing patient-centric approaches, currently limits the efficacy of these novel therapies. Thus, rational selection of the best possible treatment for each patient represents a clinical priority in order to improve outcome, while limiting undesirable effects. Main body In this review, we describe the state of the art and the unmet needs in HGSOC management, illustrate the treatment options that are available and the biomarkers that are currently employed to orient clinical decisions. We also describe the ongoing clinical trials that are testing new therapeutic approaches for HGSOC. Next, we introduce the organoid technology as a promising, expanding strategy to study cancer and to develop personalized therapeutic approaches. In particular, we discuss recent studies that have characterized the translational potential of Patient’s Derived Organoids (PDOs) to inform on drug sensitivity of HGSOC patients. Conclusions PDOs can predict the response of patients to treatments and may therefore guide therapeutic decisions. Although preliminary results appear encouraging, organoids still need to be generated and expanded efficiently to enable drug screening in a clinically meaningful time window. A new generation of clinical trials based on the organoid technology should guarantee tailored approaches to ovarian cancer management, as it is now clear that the one-size-fits-all approach cannot lead to efficient and meaningful therapeutic advancements. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Camilla Nero [verfasserIn] Giuseppe Vizzielli [verfasserIn] Domenica Lorusso [verfasserIn] Eleonora Cesari [verfasserIn] Gennaro Daniele [verfasserIn] Matteo Loverro [verfasserIn] Giovanni Scambia [verfasserIn] Claudio Sette [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Schlagwörter:	Ovarian cancer Organoids Target therapy 3D cultures Drug screening

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research - BMC, 2008, 40(2021), 1, Seite 14
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:40 ; year:2021 ; number:1 ; pages:14

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.1186/s13046-021-01917-7

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ055880681

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520			\|a Abstract Background High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is among the deadliest human cancers and its prognosis remains extremely poor. Tumor heterogeneity and rapid acquisition of resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic approaches strongly contribute to poor outcome of patients. The clinical landscape of HGSOC has been radically transformed since the advent of targeted therapies in the last decade. Nevertheless, the lack of predictive biomarkers informing on the differential clinical benefit in select subgroups, and allowing patient-centric approaches, currently limits the efficacy of these novel therapies. Thus, rational selection of the best possible treatment for each patient represents a clinical priority in order to improve outcome, while limiting undesirable effects. Main body In this review, we describe the state of the art and the unmet needs in HGSOC management, illustrate the treatment options that are available and the biomarkers that are currently employed to orient clinical decisions. We also describe the ongoing clinical trials that are testing new therapeutic approaches for HGSOC. Next, we introduce the organoid technology as a promising, expanding strategy to study cancer and to develop personalized therapeutic approaches. In particular, we discuss recent studies that have characterized the translational potential of Patient’s Derived Organoids (PDOs) to inform on drug sensitivity of HGSOC patients. Conclusions PDOs can predict the response of patients to treatments and may therefore guide therapeutic decisions. Although preliminary results appear encouraging, organoids still need to be generated and expanded efficiently to enable drug screening in a clinically meaningful time window. A new generation of clinical trials based on the organoid technology should guarantee tailored approaches to ovarian cancer management, as it is now clear that the one-size-fits-all approach cannot lead to efficient and meaningful therapeutic advancements.
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spelling	10.1186/s13046-021-01917-7 doi (DE-627)DOAJ055880681 (DE-599)DOAJ98bc67c0394542a58041af34660d452a DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC254-282 Camilla Nero verfasserin aut Patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Background High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is among the deadliest human cancers and its prognosis remains extremely poor. Tumor heterogeneity and rapid acquisition of resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic approaches strongly contribute to poor outcome of patients. The clinical landscape of HGSOC has been radically transformed since the advent of targeted therapies in the last decade. Nevertheless, the lack of predictive biomarkers informing on the differential clinical benefit in select subgroups, and allowing patient-centric approaches, currently limits the efficacy of these novel therapies. Thus, rational selection of the best possible treatment for each patient represents a clinical priority in order to improve outcome, while limiting undesirable effects. Main body In this review, we describe the state of the art and the unmet needs in HGSOC management, illustrate the treatment options that are available and the biomarkers that are currently employed to orient clinical decisions. We also describe the ongoing clinical trials that are testing new therapeutic approaches for HGSOC. Next, we introduce the organoid technology as a promising, expanding strategy to study cancer and to develop personalized therapeutic approaches. In particular, we discuss recent studies that have characterized the translational potential of Patient’s Derived Organoids (PDOs) to inform on drug sensitivity of HGSOC patients. Conclusions PDOs can predict the response of patients to treatments and may therefore guide therapeutic decisions. Although preliminary results appear encouraging, organoids still need to be generated and expanded efficiently to enable drug screening in a clinically meaningful time window. A new generation of clinical trials based on the organoid technology should guarantee tailored approaches to ovarian cancer management, as it is now clear that the one-size-fits-all approach cannot lead to efficient and meaningful therapeutic advancements. Ovarian cancer Organoids Target therapy 3D cultures Drug screening Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens Giuseppe Vizzielli verfasserin aut Domenica Lorusso verfasserin aut Eleonora Cesari verfasserin aut Gennaro Daniele verfasserin aut Matteo Loverro verfasserin aut Giovanni Scambia verfasserin aut Claudio Sette verfasserin aut In Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research BMC, 2008 40(2021), 1, Seite 14 (DE-627)568921380 (DE-600)2430698-8 17569966 nnns volume:40 year:2021 number:1 pages:14 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-021-01917-7 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/98bc67c0394542a58041af34660d452a kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-021-01917-7 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1756-9966 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 40 2021 1 14
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/s13046-021-01917-7 doi (DE-627)DOAJ055880681 (DE-599)DOAJ98bc67c0394542a58041af34660d452a DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC254-282 Camilla Nero verfasserin aut Patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Background High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is among the deadliest human cancers and its prognosis remains extremely poor. Tumor heterogeneity and rapid acquisition of resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic approaches strongly contribute to poor outcome of patients. The clinical landscape of HGSOC has been radically transformed since the advent of targeted therapies in the last decade. Nevertheless, the lack of predictive biomarkers informing on the differential clinical benefit in select subgroups, and allowing patient-centric approaches, currently limits the efficacy of these novel therapies. Thus, rational selection of the best possible treatment for each patient represents a clinical priority in order to improve outcome, while limiting undesirable effects. Main body In this review, we describe the state of the art and the unmet needs in HGSOC management, illustrate the treatment options that are available and the biomarkers that are currently employed to orient clinical decisions. We also describe the ongoing clinical trials that are testing new therapeutic approaches for HGSOC. Next, we introduce the organoid technology as a promising, expanding strategy to study cancer and to develop personalized therapeutic approaches. In particular, we discuss recent studies that have characterized the translational potential of Patient’s Derived Organoids (PDOs) to inform on drug sensitivity of HGSOC patients. Conclusions PDOs can predict the response of patients to treatments and may therefore guide therapeutic decisions. Although preliminary results appear encouraging, organoids still need to be generated and expanded efficiently to enable drug screening in a clinically meaningful time window. A new generation of clinical trials based on the organoid technology should guarantee tailored approaches to ovarian cancer management, as it is now clear that the one-size-fits-all approach cannot lead to efficient and meaningful therapeutic advancements. Ovarian cancer Organoids Target therapy 3D cultures Drug screening Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens Giuseppe Vizzielli verfasserin aut Domenica Lorusso verfasserin aut Eleonora Cesari verfasserin aut Gennaro Daniele verfasserin aut Matteo Loverro verfasserin aut Giovanni Scambia verfasserin aut Claudio Sette verfasserin aut In Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research BMC, 2008 40(2021), 1, Seite 14 (DE-627)568921380 (DE-600)2430698-8 17569966 nnns volume:40 year:2021 number:1 pages:14 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-021-01917-7 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/98bc67c0394542a58041af34660d452a kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-021-01917-7 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1756-9966 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 40 2021 1 14
allfieldsGer	10.1186/s13046-021-01917-7 doi (DE-627)DOAJ055880681 (DE-599)DOAJ98bc67c0394542a58041af34660d452a DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC254-282 Camilla Nero verfasserin aut Patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Background High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is among the deadliest human cancers and its prognosis remains extremely poor. Tumor heterogeneity and rapid acquisition of resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic approaches strongly contribute to poor outcome of patients. The clinical landscape of HGSOC has been radically transformed since the advent of targeted therapies in the last decade. Nevertheless, the lack of predictive biomarkers informing on the differential clinical benefit in select subgroups, and allowing patient-centric approaches, currently limits the efficacy of these novel therapies. Thus, rational selection of the best possible treatment for each patient represents a clinical priority in order to improve outcome, while limiting undesirable effects. Main body In this review, we describe the state of the art and the unmet needs in HGSOC management, illustrate the treatment options that are available and the biomarkers that are currently employed to orient clinical decisions. We also describe the ongoing clinical trials that are testing new therapeutic approaches for HGSOC. Next, we introduce the organoid technology as a promising, expanding strategy to study cancer and to develop personalized therapeutic approaches. In particular, we discuss recent studies that have characterized the translational potential of Patient’s Derived Organoids (PDOs) to inform on drug sensitivity of HGSOC patients. Conclusions PDOs can predict the response of patients to treatments and may therefore guide therapeutic decisions. Although preliminary results appear encouraging, organoids still need to be generated and expanded efficiently to enable drug screening in a clinically meaningful time window. A new generation of clinical trials based on the organoid technology should guarantee tailored approaches to ovarian cancer management, as it is now clear that the one-size-fits-all approach cannot lead to efficient and meaningful therapeutic advancements. Ovarian cancer Organoids Target therapy 3D cultures Drug screening Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens Giuseppe Vizzielli verfasserin aut Domenica Lorusso verfasserin aut Eleonora Cesari verfasserin aut Gennaro Daniele verfasserin aut Matteo Loverro verfasserin aut Giovanni Scambia verfasserin aut Claudio Sette verfasserin aut In Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research BMC, 2008 40(2021), 1, Seite 14 (DE-627)568921380 (DE-600)2430698-8 17569966 nnns volume:40 year:2021 number:1 pages:14 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-021-01917-7 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/98bc67c0394542a58041af34660d452a kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-021-01917-7 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1756-9966 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 40 2021 1 14
allfieldsSound	10.1186/s13046-021-01917-7 doi (DE-627)DOAJ055880681 (DE-599)DOAJ98bc67c0394542a58041af34660d452a DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC254-282 Camilla Nero verfasserin aut Patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Background High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is among the deadliest human cancers and its prognosis remains extremely poor. Tumor heterogeneity and rapid acquisition of resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic approaches strongly contribute to poor outcome of patients. The clinical landscape of HGSOC has been radically transformed since the advent of targeted therapies in the last decade. Nevertheless, the lack of predictive biomarkers informing on the differential clinical benefit in select subgroups, and allowing patient-centric approaches, currently limits the efficacy of these novel therapies. Thus, rational selection of the best possible treatment for each patient represents a clinical priority in order to improve outcome, while limiting undesirable effects. Main body In this review, we describe the state of the art and the unmet needs in HGSOC management, illustrate the treatment options that are available and the biomarkers that are currently employed to orient clinical decisions. We also describe the ongoing clinical trials that are testing new therapeutic approaches for HGSOC. Next, we introduce the organoid technology as a promising, expanding strategy to study cancer and to develop personalized therapeutic approaches. In particular, we discuss recent studies that have characterized the translational potential of Patient’s Derived Organoids (PDOs) to inform on drug sensitivity of HGSOC patients. Conclusions PDOs can predict the response of patients to treatments and may therefore guide therapeutic decisions. Although preliminary results appear encouraging, organoids still need to be generated and expanded efficiently to enable drug screening in a clinically meaningful time window. A new generation of clinical trials based on the organoid technology should guarantee tailored approaches to ovarian cancer management, as it is now clear that the one-size-fits-all approach cannot lead to efficient and meaningful therapeutic advancements. Ovarian cancer Organoids Target therapy 3D cultures Drug screening Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens Giuseppe Vizzielli verfasserin aut Domenica Lorusso verfasserin aut Eleonora Cesari verfasserin aut Gennaro Daniele verfasserin aut Matteo Loverro verfasserin aut Giovanni Scambia verfasserin aut Claudio Sette verfasserin aut In Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research BMC, 2008 40(2021), 1, Seite 14 (DE-627)568921380 (DE-600)2430698-8 17569966 nnns volume:40 year:2021 number:1 pages:14 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-021-01917-7 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/98bc67c0394542a58041af34660d452a kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-021-01917-7 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1756-9966 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 40 2021 1 14
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source	In Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 40(2021), 1, Seite 14 volume:40 year:2021 number:1 pages:14
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topic_facet	Ovarian cancer Organoids Target therapy 3D cultures Drug screening Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens
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callnumber-first	R - Medicine
author	Camilla Nero
spellingShingle	Camilla Nero misc RC254-282 misc Ovarian cancer misc Organoids misc Target therapy misc 3D cultures misc Drug screening misc Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens Patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine
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topic_title	RC254-282 Patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine Ovarian cancer Organoids Target therapy 3D cultures Drug screening
topic	misc RC254-282 misc Ovarian cancer misc Organoids misc Target therapy misc 3D cultures misc Drug screening misc Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens
topic_unstemmed	misc RC254-282 misc Ovarian cancer misc Organoids misc Target therapy misc 3D cultures misc Drug screening misc Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens
topic_browse	misc RC254-282 misc Ovarian cancer misc Organoids misc Target therapy misc 3D cultures misc Drug screening misc Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens
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title	Patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine
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title_full	Patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine
author_sort	Camilla Nero
journal	Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research
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author_browse	Camilla Nero Giuseppe Vizzielli Domenica Lorusso Eleonora Cesari Gennaro Daniele Matteo Loverro Giovanni Scambia Claudio Sette
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author-letter	Camilla Nero
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title_sort	patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine
callnumber	RC254-282
title_auth	Patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine
abstract	Abstract Background High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is among the deadliest human cancers and its prognosis remains extremely poor. Tumor heterogeneity and rapid acquisition of resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic approaches strongly contribute to poor outcome of patients. The clinical landscape of HGSOC has been radically transformed since the advent of targeted therapies in the last decade. Nevertheless, the lack of predictive biomarkers informing on the differential clinical benefit in select subgroups, and allowing patient-centric approaches, currently limits the efficacy of these novel therapies. Thus, rational selection of the best possible treatment for each patient represents a clinical priority in order to improve outcome, while limiting undesirable effects. Main body In this review, we describe the state of the art and the unmet needs in HGSOC management, illustrate the treatment options that are available and the biomarkers that are currently employed to orient clinical decisions. We also describe the ongoing clinical trials that are testing new therapeutic approaches for HGSOC. Next, we introduce the organoid technology as a promising, expanding strategy to study cancer and to develop personalized therapeutic approaches. In particular, we discuss recent studies that have characterized the translational potential of Patient’s Derived Organoids (PDOs) to inform on drug sensitivity of HGSOC patients. Conclusions PDOs can predict the response of patients to treatments and may therefore guide therapeutic decisions. Although preliminary results appear encouraging, organoids still need to be generated and expanded efficiently to enable drug screening in a clinically meaningful time window. A new generation of clinical trials based on the organoid technology should guarantee tailored approaches to ovarian cancer management, as it is now clear that the one-size-fits-all approach cannot lead to efficient and meaningful therapeutic advancements.
abstractGer	Abstract Background High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is among the deadliest human cancers and its prognosis remains extremely poor. Tumor heterogeneity and rapid acquisition of resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic approaches strongly contribute to poor outcome of patients. The clinical landscape of HGSOC has been radically transformed since the advent of targeted therapies in the last decade. Nevertheless, the lack of predictive biomarkers informing on the differential clinical benefit in select subgroups, and allowing patient-centric approaches, currently limits the efficacy of these novel therapies. Thus, rational selection of the best possible treatment for each patient represents a clinical priority in order to improve outcome, while limiting undesirable effects. Main body In this review, we describe the state of the art and the unmet needs in HGSOC management, illustrate the treatment options that are available and the biomarkers that are currently employed to orient clinical decisions. We also describe the ongoing clinical trials that are testing new therapeutic approaches for HGSOC. Next, we introduce the organoid technology as a promising, expanding strategy to study cancer and to develop personalized therapeutic approaches. In particular, we discuss recent studies that have characterized the translational potential of Patient’s Derived Organoids (PDOs) to inform on drug sensitivity of HGSOC patients. Conclusions PDOs can predict the response of patients to treatments and may therefore guide therapeutic decisions. Although preliminary results appear encouraging, organoids still need to be generated and expanded efficiently to enable drug screening in a clinically meaningful time window. A new generation of clinical trials based on the organoid technology should guarantee tailored approaches to ovarian cancer management, as it is now clear that the one-size-fits-all approach cannot lead to efficient and meaningful therapeutic advancements.
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract Background High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is among the deadliest human cancers and its prognosis remains extremely poor. Tumor heterogeneity and rapid acquisition of resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic approaches strongly contribute to poor outcome of patients. The clinical landscape of HGSOC has been radically transformed since the advent of targeted therapies in the last decade. Nevertheless, the lack of predictive biomarkers informing on the differential clinical benefit in select subgroups, and allowing patient-centric approaches, currently limits the efficacy of these novel therapies. Thus, rational selection of the best possible treatment for each patient represents a clinical priority in order to improve outcome, while limiting undesirable effects. Main body In this review, we describe the state of the art and the unmet needs in HGSOC management, illustrate the treatment options that are available and the biomarkers that are currently employed to orient clinical decisions. We also describe the ongoing clinical trials that are testing new therapeutic approaches for HGSOC. Next, we introduce the organoid technology as a promising, expanding strategy to study cancer and to develop personalized therapeutic approaches. In particular, we discuss recent studies that have characterized the translational potential of Patient’s Derived Organoids (PDOs) to inform on drug sensitivity of HGSOC patients. Conclusions PDOs can predict the response of patients to treatments and may therefore guide therapeutic decisions. Although preliminary results appear encouraging, organoids still need to be generated and expanded efficiently to enable drug screening in a clinically meaningful time window. A new generation of clinical trials based on the organoid technology should guarantee tailored approaches to ovarian cancer management, as it is now clear that the one-size-fits-all approach cannot lead to efficient and meaningful therapeutic advancements.
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title_short	Patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine
url	https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-021-01917-7 https://doaj.org/article/98bc67c0394542a58041af34660d452a https://doaj.org/toc/1756-9966
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author2	Giuseppe Vizzielli Domenica Lorusso Eleonora Cesari Gennaro Daniele Matteo Loverro Giovanni Scambia Claudio Sette
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