How Immunotherapy Has Changed the Continuum of Care in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The use of local treatment, such as surgical resection, liver transplant, and local ablation, has improved the survival of patients with HCC detected at an early stage. Until recently, the treatment of patients with meta...
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Autor*in:	Giulia Martini [verfasserIn] Davide Ciardiello [verfasserIn] Fernando Paragliola [verfasserIn] Valeria Nacca [verfasserIn] Walter Santaniello [verfasserIn] Fabrizio Urraro [verfasserIn] Maria Stanzione [verfasserIn] Marco Niosi [verfasserIn] Marcello Dallio [verfasserIn] Alessandro Federico [verfasserIn] Francesco Selvaggi [verfasserIn] Carminia Maria Della Corte [verfasserIn] Stefania Napolitano [verfasserIn] Fortunato Ciardiello [verfasserIn] Erika Martinelli [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Schlagwörter:	HCC immune checkpoint inhibitors multimodal treatment biomarkers AFP

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Cancers - MDPI AG, 2010, 13(2021), 18, p 4719
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:13 ; year:2021 ; number:18, p 4719

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/cancers13184719

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ058088431

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callnumber-first	R - Medicine
author	Giulia Martini
spellingShingle	Giulia Martini misc RC254-282 misc HCC misc immune checkpoint inhibitors misc multimodal treatment misc biomarkers misc AFP misc Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens How Immunotherapy Has Changed the Continuum of Care in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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topic_title	RC254-282 How Immunotherapy Has Changed the Continuum of Care in Hepatocellular Carcinoma HCC immune checkpoint inhibitors multimodal treatment biomarkers AFP
topic	misc RC254-282 misc HCC misc immune checkpoint inhibitors misc multimodal treatment misc biomarkers misc AFP misc Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens
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title	How Immunotherapy Has Changed the Continuum of Care in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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title_sort	how immunotherapy has changed the continuum of care in hepatocellular carcinoma
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title_auth	How Immunotherapy Has Changed the Continuum of Care in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
abstract	Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The use of local treatment, such as surgical resection, liver transplant, and local ablation, has improved the survival of patients with HCC detected at an early stage. Until recently, the treatment of patients with metastatic disease was limited to the use of the multikinase inhibitor (MKI) sorafenib with a marginal effect on survival outcome. New target approaches, such as the oral MKI lenvatinib in first-line treatment and regorafenib, ramucirumab, and cabozantinib in later lines of therapy, have demonstrated efficacy in patients with preserved liver function (Child–Pugh class A) and good performance status. On the other hand, the implementation of immune checkpoint inhibitors directed against PD-1 (nivolumab and pembrolizumab), PD-L1 (atezolizumab), and anti-CTLA4 (ipilimumab) in the management of advanced HCC has strongly changed the continuum of care of HCC. Future research should include the evaluation of molecular biomarkers that can help patient selection and provide new insight on potential combined approaches. In this review, we provide an overview of the clinical evidence of the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in HCC, and discuss how immunotherapy has been implemented into the continuum of HCC care.
abstractGer	Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The use of local treatment, such as surgical resection, liver transplant, and local ablation, has improved the survival of patients with HCC detected at an early stage. Until recently, the treatment of patients with metastatic disease was limited to the use of the multikinase inhibitor (MKI) sorafenib with a marginal effect on survival outcome. New target approaches, such as the oral MKI lenvatinib in first-line treatment and regorafenib, ramucirumab, and cabozantinib in later lines of therapy, have demonstrated efficacy in patients with preserved liver function (Child–Pugh class A) and good performance status. On the other hand, the implementation of immune checkpoint inhibitors directed against PD-1 (nivolumab and pembrolizumab), PD-L1 (atezolizumab), and anti-CTLA4 (ipilimumab) in the management of advanced HCC has strongly changed the continuum of care of HCC. Future research should include the evaluation of molecular biomarkers that can help patient selection and provide new insight on potential combined approaches. In this review, we provide an overview of the clinical evidence of the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in HCC, and discuss how immunotherapy has been implemented into the continuum of HCC care.
abstract_unstemmed	Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The use of local treatment, such as surgical resection, liver transplant, and local ablation, has improved the survival of patients with HCC detected at an early stage. Until recently, the treatment of patients with metastatic disease was limited to the use of the multikinase inhibitor (MKI) sorafenib with a marginal effect on survival outcome. New target approaches, such as the oral MKI lenvatinib in first-line treatment and regorafenib, ramucirumab, and cabozantinib in later lines of therapy, have demonstrated efficacy in patients with preserved liver function (Child–Pugh class A) and good performance status. On the other hand, the implementation of immune checkpoint inhibitors directed against PD-1 (nivolumab and pembrolizumab), PD-L1 (atezolizumab), and anti-CTLA4 (ipilimumab) in the management of advanced HCC has strongly changed the continuum of care of HCC. Future research should include the evaluation of molecular biomarkers that can help patient selection and provide new insight on potential combined approaches. In this review, we provide an overview of the clinical evidence of the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in HCC, and discuss how immunotherapy has been implemented into the continuum of HCC care.
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title_short	How Immunotherapy Has Changed the Continuum of Care in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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