Optical Characteristics and Radiative Properties of Aerosols in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province during 2017
This study considers aerosol optical properties and direct radiative forcing over Harbin (126.63° E, 45.75° N), the highest latitude city in Northeast China, during 2017. Observations based on the CE-318 sun-photometer show that the annual mean values of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500 nm and...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Jiemei Liu [verfasserIn] Wenxiang Shen [verfasserIn] Yuan Yuan [verfasserIn] Shikui Dong [verfasserIn] |
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Format: |
E-Artikel |
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Sprache: |
Englisch |
Erschienen: |
2021 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: Atmosphere - MDPI AG, 2011, 12(2021), 4, p 463 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:12 ; year:2021 ; number:4, p 463 |
Links: |
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DOI / URN: |
10.3390/atmos12040463 |
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Katalog-ID: |
DOAJ058644407 |
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520 | |a This study considers aerosol optical properties and direct radiative forcing over Harbin (126.63° E, 45.75° N), the highest latitude city in Northeast China, during 2017. Observations based on the CE-318 sun-photometer show that the annual mean values of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500 nm and the Angstrom exponent (AE) at 440–870 nm over Harbin are respectively <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<0.26</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.20</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<1.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.26</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<. Aerosol loading is the highest in the spring followed by winter, and the lowest loading is in autumn. <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<msub<<mrow<<mi<AE</mi<</mrow<<mrow<<mn<440</mn<<mo<–</mo<<mn<870</mn<</mrow<</msub<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< is the highest in summer, second highest in winter, and lowest in autumn. The Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (SBDART) model is used to estimate the shortwave aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere, on the Earth’s surface and in the atmosphere, and the annual mean values are <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<16.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<18.42</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<71.01</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<27.37</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<54.65</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<30.62</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, respectively, which indicate that aerosols cause climate effects of cooling the earth-atmosphere system, cooling the earth’s surface and heating the atmosphere. Four main aerosol types in Harbin are classified via AOD and AE. Specifically, clean continental, mixed type, biomass burning and urban industry, and desert dust aerosols accounted for 51%, 38%, 9%, and 2% of the total, respectively. Aerosol radiative forcing varies greatly in different seasons, and the aerosol load and type from different emission sources have an important influence on the seasonal variation of radiative forcing. | ||
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700 | 0 | |a Yuan Yuan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 0 | |a Shikui Dong |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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10.3390/atmos12040463 doi (DE-627)DOAJ058644407 (DE-599)DOAJ89aeee2d389545dd9a39c32c78d241cd DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC851-999 Jiemei Liu verfasserin aut Optical Characteristics and Radiative Properties of Aerosols in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province during 2017 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier This study considers aerosol optical properties and direct radiative forcing over Harbin (126.63° E, 45.75° N), the highest latitude city in Northeast China, during 2017. Observations based on the CE-318 sun-photometer show that the annual mean values of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500 nm and the Angstrom exponent (AE) at 440–870 nm over Harbin are respectively <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<0.26</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.20</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<1.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.26</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<. Aerosol loading is the highest in the spring followed by winter, and the lowest loading is in autumn. <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<msub<<mrow<<mi<AE</mi<</mrow<<mrow<<mn<440</mn<<mo<–</mo<<mn<870</mn<</mrow<</msub<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< is the highest in summer, second highest in winter, and lowest in autumn. The Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (SBDART) model is used to estimate the shortwave aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere, on the Earth’s surface and in the atmosphere, and the annual mean values are <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<16.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<18.42</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<71.01</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<27.37</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<54.65</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<30.62</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, respectively, which indicate that aerosols cause climate effects of cooling the earth-atmosphere system, cooling the earth’s surface and heating the atmosphere. Four main aerosol types in Harbin are classified via AOD and AE. Specifically, clean continental, mixed type, biomass burning and urban industry, and desert dust aerosols accounted for 51%, 38%, 9%, and 2% of the total, respectively. Aerosol radiative forcing varies greatly in different seasons, and the aerosol load and type from different emission sources have an important influence on the seasonal variation of radiative forcing. aerosol optical properties aerosol type radiative forcing Harbin Meteorology. Climatology Wenxiang Shen verfasserin aut Yuan Yuan verfasserin aut Shikui Dong verfasserin aut In Atmosphere MDPI AG, 2011 12(2021), 4, p 463 (DE-627)657584010 (DE-600)2605928-9 20734433 nnns volume:12 year:2021 number:4, p 463 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12040463 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/89aeee2d389545dd9a39c32c78d241cd kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/4/463 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021 4, p 463 |
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10.3390/atmos12040463 doi (DE-627)DOAJ058644407 (DE-599)DOAJ89aeee2d389545dd9a39c32c78d241cd DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC851-999 Jiemei Liu verfasserin aut Optical Characteristics and Radiative Properties of Aerosols in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province during 2017 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier This study considers aerosol optical properties and direct radiative forcing over Harbin (126.63° E, 45.75° N), the highest latitude city in Northeast China, during 2017. Observations based on the CE-318 sun-photometer show that the annual mean values of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500 nm and the Angstrom exponent (AE) at 440–870 nm over Harbin are respectively <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<0.26</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.20</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<1.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.26</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<. Aerosol loading is the highest in the spring followed by winter, and the lowest loading is in autumn. <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<msub<<mrow<<mi<AE</mi<</mrow<<mrow<<mn<440</mn<<mo<–</mo<<mn<870</mn<</mrow<</msub<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< is the highest in summer, second highest in winter, and lowest in autumn. The Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (SBDART) model is used to estimate the shortwave aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere, on the Earth’s surface and in the atmosphere, and the annual mean values are <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<16.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<18.42</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<71.01</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<27.37</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<54.65</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<30.62</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, respectively, which indicate that aerosols cause climate effects of cooling the earth-atmosphere system, cooling the earth’s surface and heating the atmosphere. Four main aerosol types in Harbin are classified via AOD and AE. Specifically, clean continental, mixed type, biomass burning and urban industry, and desert dust aerosols accounted for 51%, 38%, 9%, and 2% of the total, respectively. Aerosol radiative forcing varies greatly in different seasons, and the aerosol load and type from different emission sources have an important influence on the seasonal variation of radiative forcing. aerosol optical properties aerosol type radiative forcing Harbin Meteorology. Climatology Wenxiang Shen verfasserin aut Yuan Yuan verfasserin aut Shikui Dong verfasserin aut In Atmosphere MDPI AG, 2011 12(2021), 4, p 463 (DE-627)657584010 (DE-600)2605928-9 20734433 nnns volume:12 year:2021 number:4, p 463 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12040463 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/89aeee2d389545dd9a39c32c78d241cd kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/4/463 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021 4, p 463 |
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10.3390/atmos12040463 doi (DE-627)DOAJ058644407 (DE-599)DOAJ89aeee2d389545dd9a39c32c78d241cd DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC851-999 Jiemei Liu verfasserin aut Optical Characteristics and Radiative Properties of Aerosols in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province during 2017 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier This study considers aerosol optical properties and direct radiative forcing over Harbin (126.63° E, 45.75° N), the highest latitude city in Northeast China, during 2017. Observations based on the CE-318 sun-photometer show that the annual mean values of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500 nm and the Angstrom exponent (AE) at 440–870 nm over Harbin are respectively <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<0.26</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.20</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<1.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.26</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<. Aerosol loading is the highest in the spring followed by winter, and the lowest loading is in autumn. <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<msub<<mrow<<mi<AE</mi<</mrow<<mrow<<mn<440</mn<<mo<–</mo<<mn<870</mn<</mrow<</msub<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< is the highest in summer, second highest in winter, and lowest in autumn. The Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (SBDART) model is used to estimate the shortwave aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere, on the Earth’s surface and in the atmosphere, and the annual mean values are <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<16.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<18.42</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<71.01</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<27.37</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<54.65</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<30.62</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, respectively, which indicate that aerosols cause climate effects of cooling the earth-atmosphere system, cooling the earth’s surface and heating the atmosphere. Four main aerosol types in Harbin are classified via AOD and AE. Specifically, clean continental, mixed type, biomass burning and urban industry, and desert dust aerosols accounted for 51%, 38%, 9%, and 2% of the total, respectively. Aerosol radiative forcing varies greatly in different seasons, and the aerosol load and type from different emission sources have an important influence on the seasonal variation of radiative forcing. aerosol optical properties aerosol type radiative forcing Harbin Meteorology. Climatology Wenxiang Shen verfasserin aut Yuan Yuan verfasserin aut Shikui Dong verfasserin aut In Atmosphere MDPI AG, 2011 12(2021), 4, p 463 (DE-627)657584010 (DE-600)2605928-9 20734433 nnns volume:12 year:2021 number:4, p 463 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12040463 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/89aeee2d389545dd9a39c32c78d241cd kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/4/463 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021 4, p 463 |
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10.3390/atmos12040463 doi (DE-627)DOAJ058644407 (DE-599)DOAJ89aeee2d389545dd9a39c32c78d241cd DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC851-999 Jiemei Liu verfasserin aut Optical Characteristics and Radiative Properties of Aerosols in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province during 2017 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier This study considers aerosol optical properties and direct radiative forcing over Harbin (126.63° E, 45.75° N), the highest latitude city in Northeast China, during 2017. Observations based on the CE-318 sun-photometer show that the annual mean values of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500 nm and the Angstrom exponent (AE) at 440–870 nm over Harbin are respectively <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<0.26</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.20</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<1.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.26</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<. Aerosol loading is the highest in the spring followed by winter, and the lowest loading is in autumn. <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<msub<<mrow<<mi<AE</mi<</mrow<<mrow<<mn<440</mn<<mo<–</mo<<mn<870</mn<</mrow<</msub<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< is the highest in summer, second highest in winter, and lowest in autumn. The Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (SBDART) model is used to estimate the shortwave aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere, on the Earth’s surface and in the atmosphere, and the annual mean values are <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<16.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<18.42</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<71.01</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<27.37</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<54.65</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<30.62</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, respectively, which indicate that aerosols cause climate effects of cooling the earth-atmosphere system, cooling the earth’s surface and heating the atmosphere. Four main aerosol types in Harbin are classified via AOD and AE. Specifically, clean continental, mixed type, biomass burning and urban industry, and desert dust aerosols accounted for 51%, 38%, 9%, and 2% of the total, respectively. Aerosol radiative forcing varies greatly in different seasons, and the aerosol load and type from different emission sources have an important influence on the seasonal variation of radiative forcing. aerosol optical properties aerosol type radiative forcing Harbin Meteorology. Climatology Wenxiang Shen verfasserin aut Yuan Yuan verfasserin aut Shikui Dong verfasserin aut In Atmosphere MDPI AG, 2011 12(2021), 4, p 463 (DE-627)657584010 (DE-600)2605928-9 20734433 nnns volume:12 year:2021 number:4, p 463 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12040463 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/89aeee2d389545dd9a39c32c78d241cd kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/4/463 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021 4, p 463 |
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10.3390/atmos12040463 doi (DE-627)DOAJ058644407 (DE-599)DOAJ89aeee2d389545dd9a39c32c78d241cd DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC851-999 Jiemei Liu verfasserin aut Optical Characteristics and Radiative Properties of Aerosols in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province during 2017 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier This study considers aerosol optical properties and direct radiative forcing over Harbin (126.63° E, 45.75° N), the highest latitude city in Northeast China, during 2017. Observations based on the CE-318 sun-photometer show that the annual mean values of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500 nm and the Angstrom exponent (AE) at 440–870 nm over Harbin are respectively <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<0.26</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.20</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<1.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.26</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<. Aerosol loading is the highest in the spring followed by winter, and the lowest loading is in autumn. <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<msub<<mrow<<mi<AE</mi<</mrow<<mrow<<mn<440</mn<<mo<–</mo<<mn<870</mn<</mrow<</msub<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< is the highest in summer, second highest in winter, and lowest in autumn. The Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (SBDART) model is used to estimate the shortwave aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere, on the Earth’s surface and in the atmosphere, and the annual mean values are <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<16.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<18.42</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<71.01</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<27.37</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<54.65</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<30.62</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, respectively, which indicate that aerosols cause climate effects of cooling the earth-atmosphere system, cooling the earth’s surface and heating the atmosphere. Four main aerosol types in Harbin are classified via AOD and AE. Specifically, clean continental, mixed type, biomass burning and urban industry, and desert dust aerosols accounted for 51%, 38%, 9%, and 2% of the total, respectively. Aerosol radiative forcing varies greatly in different seasons, and the aerosol load and type from different emission sources have an important influence on the seasonal variation of radiative forcing. aerosol optical properties aerosol type radiative forcing Harbin Meteorology. Climatology Wenxiang Shen verfasserin aut Yuan Yuan verfasserin aut Shikui Dong verfasserin aut In Atmosphere MDPI AG, 2011 12(2021), 4, p 463 (DE-627)657584010 (DE-600)2605928-9 20734433 nnns volume:12 year:2021 number:4, p 463 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12040463 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/89aeee2d389545dd9a39c32c78d241cd kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/4/463 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021 4, p 463 |
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QC851-999 Optical Characteristics and Radiative Properties of Aerosols in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province during 2017 aerosol optical properties aerosol type radiative forcing Harbin |
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Optical Characteristics and Radiative Properties of Aerosols in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province during 2017 |
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Optical Characteristics and Radiative Properties of Aerosols in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province during 2017 |
abstract |
This study considers aerosol optical properties and direct radiative forcing over Harbin (126.63° E, 45.75° N), the highest latitude city in Northeast China, during 2017. Observations based on the CE-318 sun-photometer show that the annual mean values of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500 nm and the Angstrom exponent (AE) at 440–870 nm over Harbin are respectively <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<0.26</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.20</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<1.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.26</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<. Aerosol loading is the highest in the spring followed by winter, and the lowest loading is in autumn. <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<msub<<mrow<<mi<AE</mi<</mrow<<mrow<<mn<440</mn<<mo<–</mo<<mn<870</mn<</mrow<</msub<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< is the highest in summer, second highest in winter, and lowest in autumn. The Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (SBDART) model is used to estimate the shortwave aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere, on the Earth’s surface and in the atmosphere, and the annual mean values are <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<16.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<18.42</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<71.01</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<27.37</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<54.65</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<30.62</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, respectively, which indicate that aerosols cause climate effects of cooling the earth-atmosphere system, cooling the earth’s surface and heating the atmosphere. Four main aerosol types in Harbin are classified via AOD and AE. Specifically, clean continental, mixed type, biomass burning and urban industry, and desert dust aerosols accounted for 51%, 38%, 9%, and 2% of the total, respectively. Aerosol radiative forcing varies greatly in different seasons, and the aerosol load and type from different emission sources have an important influence on the seasonal variation of radiative forcing. |
abstractGer |
This study considers aerosol optical properties and direct radiative forcing over Harbin (126.63° E, 45.75° N), the highest latitude city in Northeast China, during 2017. Observations based on the CE-318 sun-photometer show that the annual mean values of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500 nm and the Angstrom exponent (AE) at 440–870 nm over Harbin are respectively <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<0.26</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.20</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<1.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.26</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<. Aerosol loading is the highest in the spring followed by winter, and the lowest loading is in autumn. <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<msub<<mrow<<mi<AE</mi<</mrow<<mrow<<mn<440</mn<<mo<–</mo<<mn<870</mn<</mrow<</msub<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< is the highest in summer, second highest in winter, and lowest in autumn. The Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (SBDART) model is used to estimate the shortwave aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere, on the Earth’s surface and in the atmosphere, and the annual mean values are <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<16.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<18.42</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<71.01</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<27.37</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<54.65</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<30.62</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, respectively, which indicate that aerosols cause climate effects of cooling the earth-atmosphere system, cooling the earth’s surface and heating the atmosphere. Four main aerosol types in Harbin are classified via AOD and AE. Specifically, clean continental, mixed type, biomass burning and urban industry, and desert dust aerosols accounted for 51%, 38%, 9%, and 2% of the total, respectively. Aerosol radiative forcing varies greatly in different seasons, and the aerosol load and type from different emission sources have an important influence on the seasonal variation of radiative forcing. |
abstract_unstemmed |
This study considers aerosol optical properties and direct radiative forcing over Harbin (126.63° E, 45.75° N), the highest latitude city in Northeast China, during 2017. Observations based on the CE-318 sun-photometer show that the annual mean values of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500 nm and the Angstrom exponent (AE) at 440–870 nm over Harbin are respectively <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<0.26</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.20</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<1.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.26</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<. Aerosol loading is the highest in the spring followed by winter, and the lowest loading is in autumn. <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<msub<<mrow<<mi<AE</mi<</mrow<<mrow<<mn<440</mn<<mo<–</mo<<mn<870</mn<</mrow<</msub<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< is the highest in summer, second highest in winter, and lowest in autumn. The Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (SBDART) model is used to estimate the shortwave aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere, on the Earth’s surface and in the atmosphere, and the annual mean values are <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<16.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<18.42</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<71.01</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<27.37</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<54.65</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<30.62</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, respectively, which indicate that aerosols cause climate effects of cooling the earth-atmosphere system, cooling the earth’s surface and heating the atmosphere. Four main aerosol types in Harbin are classified via AOD and AE. Specifically, clean continental, mixed type, biomass burning and urban industry, and desert dust aerosols accounted for 51%, 38%, 9%, and 2% of the total, respectively. Aerosol radiative forcing varies greatly in different seasons, and the aerosol load and type from different emission sources have an important influence on the seasonal variation of radiative forcing. |
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Optical Characteristics and Radiative Properties of Aerosols in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province during 2017 |
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Observations based on the CE-318 sun-photometer show that the annual mean values of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500 nm and the Angstrom exponent (AE) at 440–870 nm over Harbin are respectively <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<0.26</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.20</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<1.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<0.26</mn<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<. Aerosol loading is the highest in the spring followed by winter, and the lowest loading is in autumn. <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<msub<<mrow<<mi<AE</mi<</mrow<<mrow<<mn<440</mn<<mo<–</mo<<mn<870</mn<</mrow<</msub<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< is the highest in summer, second highest in winter, and lowest in autumn. The Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (SBDART) model is used to estimate the shortwave aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere, on the Earth’s surface and in the atmosphere, and the annual mean values are <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<16.36</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<18.42</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<71.01</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<27.37</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula< and <inline-formula<<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"<<semantics<<mrow<<mn<54.65</mn<<mo< </mo<<mo<±</mo<<mo< </mo<<mn<30.62</mn<<msup<<mrow<<mrow<<mo< </mo<<mi<Wm</mi<</mrow<</mrow<<mrow<<mo<−</mo<<mn<2</mn<</mrow<</msup<</mrow<</semantics<</math<</inline-formula<, respectively, which indicate that aerosols cause climate effects of cooling the earth-atmosphere system, cooling the earth’s surface and heating the atmosphere. Four main aerosol types in Harbin are classified via AOD and AE. Specifically, clean continental, mixed type, biomass burning and urban industry, and desert dust aerosols accounted for 51%, 38%, 9%, and 2% of the total, respectively. Aerosol radiative forcing varies greatly in different seasons, and the aerosol load and type from different emission sources have an important influence on the seasonal variation of radiative forcing.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">aerosol optical properties</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">aerosol type</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">radiative forcing</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Harbin</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Meteorology. 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